Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Impact of stressors of academic activities under martial law on the cadets' mental health.
Martenko YI, Malyshenko YL, Bushai IM … +4 more , Rivchachenko OA, Shcherbakova IV, Mirshuk OE, Okhrimenko IM
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322809 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The aim is to investigate the mental health indicators of cadets during their stressful academic training under martial law. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The research, which was conducted...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The aim is to investigate the mental health indicators of cadets during their stressful academic training under martial law. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The research, which was conducted in the academic year 2023-2024, involved 253 male cadets of the 1st-4th training years at the National Academy of Internal Affairs (Kyiv, Ukraine). Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources, mental health testing, and methods of mathematical statistics. Seven psycho-diagnostic methods were used to test the cadets' mental health. RESULTS: Results: The results obtained indicate a pronounced negative impact of stressors of academic activities under martial law on the cadets' mental health and, in particular, on the level of manifestation of stress disorders, a tendency to develop stress, reduced stress resistance, increased nervous and emotional stress, anxiety, and deterioration of the emotional state. The most pronounced negative changes in these indicators of mental health were found in cadets who have not developed skills to cope with stress during academic activities and the use of effective means of stress prevention and restoration of psycho-emotional state (junior cadets). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The research demonstrates the urgent need to develop cadets' stress resistance during academic training to ensure the effectiveness of their educational activities under martial law and further service activities, as well as to develop skills in the use of available means to prevent stressful phenomena in the process of education during the war.
Efficiency of replacement of bone defect in rabbit jaw with germanium-doped calcium phosphate ceramics.
Zhmurko AO, Ulyanchych NV, Rublenko MV … +4 more , Shevchenko SM, Kopchak AV, Kolomiiets VV, Palyvoda RS
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322808 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To study the regenerative potential of calcium phosphate ceramics doped with germanium (CFCdGe; Ge amount 1-1,5%) compared to a deproteinized bovine material (DBM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Met...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To study the regenerative potential of calcium phosphate ceramics doped with germanium (CFCdGe; Ge amount 1-1,5%) compared to a deproteinized bovine material (DBM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study was performed in vivo on 30 laboratory rabbits, which were formed with a bicortical bone defect in the mandibular angle area on both sides (diameter - 7 mm). There were 3 groups where defects were replaced by CFCdGe (group 1 [n= 10]) and DBM (group 2 [n= 10]) As a control (group 3 [n= 10]), a defect was healed under a blood clot. We studied microstructure of the CFCdGe, solubility, phase, chemical composition, and adsorption activity. The animals were euthanized on 21st, 42nd, and 90th day for taking histological samples to access trabecular width between and around granules. RESULTS: Results: The size of CFCdGe (Ge 1%) participles was smaller, but the porosity was larger, therefore the working concentration of Ge was chosen as 1%. At 90th day, the trabecular width around granules in group 1 (98,9±27,2 μm) was 92,78% greater than in group 2 (51,3±20,8 μm) and 22,70% greater than width of new bone trabeculae in the control group (80,6±34,2 μm) (groups 1 vs. 2: p<0,01). The trabecular width between granules in group 1 (121,0±21,0 μm) was 68,05% greater than in group 2 (72,0±13,1 μm) (p<0,01). The CFCdGe granules were surrounded by formed bone tissue with overwhelming amount of mature lamellar bone. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The CFCdGe (Ge 1%) in the experimental study on laboratory rabbits demonstrated a significantly better result than the DBM.
Dehumanization and attitudes toward LGBTQ individuals among primary healthcare nurses: The role of personality traits and LGBTQ health knowledge.
Bakalis V, Toska A, Zetta S … +5 more , Malli F, Saridi M, Zyga S, Gkouletsa K, Fradelos EC
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322807 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: This study investigates dehumanization and attitudes toward LGBTQ+ individuals among primary healthcare nurses in Greece, exploring the influence of personality traits, empathy, and LGBTQ+ health knowledg...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: This study investigates dehumanization and attitudes toward LGBTQ+ individuals among primary healthcare nurses in Greece, exploring the influence of personality traits, empathy, and LGBTQ+ health knowledge. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design was used with 114 public-sector primary healthcare nurses completing self-report questionnaires between July and October 2023. Instruments included a culturally adapted dehumanization scale, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, and the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire. Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's correlations, and linear regression. RESULTS: Results: The sample was predominantly female (74.6%), heterosexual (93.9%), and Christian Orthodox (93%). Only 8.8% had attended LGBTQ+ healthcare courses, and 33.3% had cared for LGBTQ+ patients. Mechanistic dehumanization showed limited associations with personality traits, while animalistic dehumanization was negatively correlated with willingness to care (r = -0.441, p < 0.001) and comfort with LGBTQ+ care (r = -0.391, p < 0.001). Empathy and openness to experience influenced attitudes and willingness to care. Higher empathy unexpectedly reduced willingness to care, while emotional stability and conscientiousness predicted dehumanization. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Findings highlight a moderate dehumanization trend among nurses, affecting LGBTQ+ patients' care quality. Educational initiatives targeting LGBTQ+ health knowledge, empathy training, and the influence of personality traits are critical to fostering inclusive care and reducing dehumanization in healthcare settings.
Influence of comprehensive physical and psychological rehabilitation on the emotional state and coping strategies of students in crisis situations.
Horoshko VI, Khomenko YG, Horoshko AI
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322806 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To examine the impact of a comprehensive physical and psychological rehabilitation program on students' emotional well-being, coping strategies and physical endurance in crisis situations following a full...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To examine the impact of a comprehensive physical and psychological rehabilitation program on students' emotional well-being, coping strategies and physical endurance in crisis situations following a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The standardized psychodiagnostic tests were used in the study. The sample of respondents consisted of 812 students within the age range of 18-22 years old; 46,9 % of respondents (n=381) were males, 53,1 % of respondents (n=431) were females. 226 (27,8 %) students were considered as internally displaced persons (IDPs) because of hostilities. 126 students took part in the full range of physical and psychological rehabilitation activities, aiming at the stress reduction and mood improvement. RESULTS: Results: The study revealed that female students demonstrated higher levels of psychological well-being as compared to male students. In addition, differences were found in the use of coping strategies. Students from the unoccupied territories more often used active problem solving, while seeking social support was more common among IDPs. IDPs also more commonly used emotional regulation and avoidance. The comprehensive rehabilitation program favoured the increase in all aspects of subjective well-being levels, including psychological well-being, physical health and relationships. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Significant improvements in the emotional state of the participants were revealed, in particular, a decrease in the level of stress and anxiety, an increase in the use of adaptive coping strategies. The rehabilitation program also showed a positive impact on the physical endurance of students.
Effect of apelin level in Iraqi diabetic women with hypothyroidism.
Isaa MQ, Tahir NT
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322805 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine how Apelin levels and other biochemical markers affect thyroid function of Iraqi diabetic women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: 88 subjects participated in this study, 44 diabet...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine how Apelin levels and other biochemical markers affect thyroid function of Iraqi diabetic women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: 88 subjects participated in this study, 44 diabetic women with hypothyroidism, whose ages between 40 and 60 years, and 44 healthy as a control group, whose ages between 40 and 55 years, during December 2022 to the end of April 2023. Demographic characters such as age, height, and weight of all participants were noted. Serum thyroxin, triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone were measured by Minivans with Biomerix Kits. Fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein), blood urea, and serum creatinine were among the tests performed on blood samples for the laboratory research. ELISA kit was used to measure amount of apelin. RESULTS: Results: A highly significant increase of apelin levels in diabetic women with hypothyroidism when compared with control, a significant positive correlation P <0.05 between Apelin level and each of: weight, body mass index, TSH, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), TG and VLDL and shows a highly significant positive correlation P<0.05 between Apelin level vs. TT4, FBS, TC and LDL. A significant negative correlation P<0.05 was found between Apelin levels vs. serum HDL in diabetic women with hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: A significant increase in results of Apelin in women with hypothyroidism and diabetes led to a significant imbalance in lipid metabolism, in the future, this might be an indicator of their risk of heart disease.
The influence of the mastoid air cell system buffer function on the appearance of a spontaneous perilymphatic fistula development.
Sherbul-Trokhymenko OV, Srebniak IA
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322804 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To examine mastoid pneumatisation in patients with perilymphatic fistula (PLF) and determine the influence of its buffering function on the onset and prognosis of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materi...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To examine mastoid pneumatisation in patients with perilymphatic fistula (PLF) and determine the influence of its buffering function on the onset and prognosis of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study included 37 patients with PLF and labyrinthine window ruptures, experiencing unilateral hearing loss on the affected side. Mastoid process length, the volume of the mastoid, the planimetric size of the mastoid, and the area of the mastoid air-containing cells were measured. The assessment was made by temporal bone computed tomography. RESULTS: Results: Thirty-two patients had signs of impaired ventilation of the middle ear and mastoid due to Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction. The length of the mastoid process and its planimetric size in patients with hypopneumatized mastoids were significantly lower than in patients with non-hypopneumatized mastoids (which included 4 cases of normal pneumatisation and 1 case of hyperpneumatised mastoid process). The area of air-containing cells of the mastoid, its volume, and the average length were significantly lower when compared to the corresponding indicators on the conditionally healthy ear side. The obtained data may indicate a disruption of the protective buffering function on the affected ear side and can be considered as one of the possible causes of PLF with labyrinthine window ruptures. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Thus, when mastoid pneumatisation decreases, its buffering function is compromised, posing a risk of damage to the middle and inner ear with the potential occurrence of PLF and labyrinthine window ruptures. The effectiveness of treatment for these patients depends on a comprehensive approach.
The efficacy of novel antibiotics against multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a preclinical in vitro study.
Aldin BB, Shubar SNA, Khalaf H
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322803 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: This preclinical study was oriented towards evaluating the efficiency of newly developed antibiotics against a selection of multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, with the broader aim of find...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: This preclinical study was oriented towards evaluating the efficiency of newly developed antibiotics against a selection of multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, with the broader aim of finding a potent candidate to counteract the increasing resistance issue. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study utilized four distinct strains of multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SA-1 to SA-4) and three novel antibiotics (NA-1 to NA-3) under controlled laboratory conditions. The bacterial strains were cultured in vitro, and a series of tests including drug susceptibility testing and the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were conducted. Statistical analysis was carried out using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests to analyze the significance of the observed results. RESULTS: Results: Our data showcased variations in the growth characteristics and resistance profiles of the different strains, helping in identifying the most potent antibiotic among the tested compounds. Notably, antibiotic NA-1 manifested the lowest MIC values against the strains SA-1 and SA-3, indicating a higher potency (p < 0.01). Moreover, NA-1 exhibited significantly lower MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ values (0.56 μg/mL and 0.95 μg/mL, respectively), suggesting that it had the best inhibitory power amongst the antibiotics tested against a majority of the strains (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The findings from this preclinical in-vitro study accentuate the potential of novel antibiotic NA-1 as a promising candidate in combatting multidrug- resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. However, further research, including in-vivo studies, is requisite to substantiate the efficacy of this antibiotic in a clinical setting.
Evaluation of the patient-centric principle in the organization of medical care and prevention of open-angle glaucoma progression.
Melnyk VO, Palamar BI
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322802 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To investigate the patient-centred principle in preventing and providing medical care for open-angle glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A systematic approach was implemented using a co...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To investigate the patient-centred principle in preventing and providing medical care for open-angle glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A systematic approach was implemented using a comprehensive set of methods. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data. The patient survey was conducted from 1 May 2024 to 30 August 2024. A targeted selection of respondents who underwent surgical treatment for primary open-angle glaucoma from all regions of Ukraine was applied using the main array method (N = 1000). RESULTS: Results: The study revealed that satisfaction with ophthalmological care was expressed by more than 90% ± 0.95% of respondents (rate per 100 respondents ± standard error). A hereditary predisposition to glaucoma was identified in 20% ± 1.26% of respondents. In more than 80% ± 1.26% of cases, glaucoma was detected by an ophthalmologist, while in more than 17% ± 1.88% of cases, it was identified by a family doctor. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In order to defect glaucoma early and monitor the progression of the disease, there is a need for informational and methodological work with primary care doctors, implementation of algorithms for preventive examinations of patients. Patient awareness regarding the safety and effectiveness of glaucoma surgery affects the timeliness of surgical intervention and vision preservation.
Dynamics of the size ratio between the cerebellar vermis and the fourth ventricle of the human brain during the fetal period of ontogenesis.
Tsyhykalo OV, Kuzniak NB, Fedoniuk LY … +3 more , Dmytrenko RR, Chernikova HM, Kulynych HB
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322801 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine the patterns of change in the cross-sectional area of the cerebellar vermis and the fourth ventricle during the fetal period of human ontogenesis and to analyze the dynamics of their interrel...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine the patterns of change in the cross-sectional area of the cerebellar vermis and the fourth ventricle during the fetal period of human ontogenesis and to analyze the dynamics of their interrelationship. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the human fetal brain obtained from open-access databases. Generalized images from the "Fetal Brain Atlas" (21-38 weeks of gestation) and MRI scans from the "Fetal Brain MRI from Stanford Lucile Packard Children's Hospital" database (20-39 weeks of gestation, n=20) were used. Morphometric analysis of mid-sagittal sections was performed using the Image Tool software. The cross-sectional areas of the cerebellar vermis and the fourth ventricle were measured, along with their relative values and ratios. RESULTS: Results: Between 21 and 38 weeks of gestation, the cross-sectional area of the cerebellar vermis increased steadily, whereas the fourth ventricle exhibited a biphasic growth pattern: relatively slow expansion until 30 weeks, followed by accelerated growth. The analysis of relative areas revealed that the growth rate of the cerebellum exceeded that of the fourth ventricle until 30-32 weeks, after which the fourth ventricle underwent rapid expansion, leading to an alignment of their relative values. The ratio of the fourth ventricle's area to that of the cerebellum ranged from 4.8% to 9.8%, showing minimal values at 25-28 weeks and rapid growth between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The obtained data indicate changes in the proportional relationship between the cerebellum and the fourth ventricle throughout the fetal period of ontogenesis, reflecting the specific features of their morphogenesis. The proposed approach for assessing the interrelationship between these structures may be useful for analyzing both normal and abnormal hindbrain development during the prenatal period.
Estimation of plasma TGF-β1 after intra-articular platelet rich plasma injection in-patient with anterior disc displacement with intermittent locking of TMJ disorder.
Mahdi KA, Al-Mudhafar MH, Hanweet DM
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322800 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To evaluate plasma levels of TGF-β1 and the clinical impact of platelet-rich plasma injections on mandibular opening and pain in patients with anterior disc displacement and intermittent locking. PATIENTS...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To evaluate plasma levels of TGF-β1 and the clinical impact of platelet-rich plasma injections on mandibular opening and pain in patients with anterior disc displacement and intermittent locking. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven temporomandibular disorder patients, diagnosed by oral medicine specialists, received three intra-articular PRP injections over three months, with evaluations conducted two weeks after the final injection. Plasma TGF-β1 levels were measured before and after treatment, with visual analog scale pain scores and mouth opening measurements. RESULTS: Results: Results showed that the mean plasma TGF-β1 level in temporomandibular disorder patients increased significantly from (312.6 pg/ml ± 67.96) before PRP injection to (400.4 pg/ml± 108.51) after PRP injection. Platelet-rich plasma-treated patients also experienced a significant reduction in Visual Analogue Scale scores, which decreased from (6.21 ± 0.95) to (0.78 ± 0.79), with improved range of mouth opening after PRP injection. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injections effectively increased plasma TGF-β1 levels, reduced pain intensity, and improved mandibular opening range in temporomandibular disorder patients.
Autologous mesenchymal stem cells as a component of multidisciplinary rehabilitation of war participants with severe forms of chronic critical lower limb ischemia and pain syndroms.
Cherniak VA, Butska LV, Drevitska OO … +3 more , Karpenko KK, Zabulonov YL, Ryzhak VO
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322799 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program (MRP), integrating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy, acupuncture, physiotherapy and physical exercises, in improving the f...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program (MRP), integrating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy, acupuncture, physiotherapy and physical exercises, in improving the functional recovery in patients with combat-related injuries and chronic critical lower limb ischemia (CCLLI). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A six-month comparative clinical trial was conducted involving 40 male patients (mean age [mean ± standard error] 62,5±2,3 years) diagnosed with CCLLI, including 10 individuals with combat-related injuries, being randomized into 2 groups: the MSCs group (main group [MG]) (n=20) received MRP, including autologous MSCs therapy; the control group (CG) (n=20) received standard therapy only. Five patients with gunshot wounds were randomly assigned to each group. RESULTS: Results: MG patients presented with significant increase in ankle-brachial index and VAS pain score decrease, being more pronounced as opposed to CG. Walking distance improvement was achieved in 75% of MG patients vs. 40% in CG (p<0,01). Trophic ulcers healed in 100% of MG patients (vs 25% in CG [p<0,01]). After treatment, only 1 (5%) patient in the MG remained at risk of lower limb amputation, as compared to 8 (40%) patients in the CG (p<0,05) (RR 0,13 [95% CI 0,02-0,91]; p<0,05). CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The implementation of MRP, integrating MSCs therapy, led to significant improvements in pain relief, tissue regeneration and overall functional recovery in patients with CCLLI, particularly those with military-related injuries, favouring the reduction of the risk of lower limb amputation.
Painful shoulder syndrome as a clinical problem - analysis of physical therapy.
Kuliński W, Szymczyk K
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322798 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The aim of this paper is to assess the efficacy of physical therapy conducted in patients with painful shoulder syndrome in the course of rotator cuff injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods:...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The aim of this paper is to assess the efficacy of physical therapy conducted in patients with painful shoulder syndrome in the course of rotator cuff injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study involved a group of 25 patients: 15 women and 10 men. The patients were treated at a rehabilitation clinic in Radom for a period of 3 weeks. The physical therapy used in study patients included diadynamic currents, ultrasound therapy, cryotherapy, shockwave therapy, and kinesiotherapy. RESULTS: Results: After treatment, the pain was eliminated or remarkably reduced and the range of joint motion was increased in all planes. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: 1. The physical therapy used in study patients helped eliminate or reduce pain. 2. The range of joint motion was increased in all planes. 3. The quality of life and functioning in study patients was improved. 4. Treatment of this disorder is based on physical therapy.
Morphological effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma application in the experimental treatment of post immobilization extra-articular contractures of the mandible.
Grigorov SM, Tretiakov AV, Myroshnychenko MS … +6 more , Hromko YA, Grygorova AO, Poliashenko AS, Kapustnyk NV, Arseniev OV, Kucheriavchenko MO
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322797 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The purpose of the study was to prove the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) application in the treatment of post-immobilization extra-articular contractures of the mandible by modeling the speci...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The purpose of the study was to prove the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) application in the treatment of post-immobilization extra-articular contractures of the mandible by modeling the specified pathology and conducting morphological analysis of experimental material. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The study involved an experiment conducted on 60 male WAG rats aged 9-11 months. Four groups were formed. Group 1 included 6 intact rats that were not subjected to any interventions and were withdrawn from the experiment one month after its initiation. Group 2 included 18 rats with a mandibular fracture in the angle region which was treated over the course of one month using an immobilizing muzzle. After removal of the muzzle, extra-articular mandibular contracture was diagnosed. All rats were withdrawn from the experiment one month after its initiation. Group 3 included 18 rats with mandibular fractures that were treated over the course of one month using an immobilizing muzzle. After removal of the muzzle, post-immobilization extra-articular mandibular contracture was diagnosed. Following this diagnosis, 6 rats were withdrawn from the experiment. The other rats received PRP injections into the contracture area every three days for 15 days. After completion of the treatment, these rats were also withdrawn from the experiment. Group 4 included 18 rats with a mandibular fracture. After modeling a mandibular fracture, PRP was injected into the soft tissues surrounding the fracture through the available holes in the immobilizing muzzle every five days for one month. After a month, the immobilizing muzzle was removed from the rats, among which 6 rats were randomly selected and withdrawn from the experiment. The other rats continued to be injected with PRP every three days for 15 days, after which the animals were withdrawn from the experiment. The material for morphological examination consisted of masseter muscle samples. Histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical, morphometric and statistical methods were used. RESULTS: Results: The comprehensive morphological study showed that PRP in the masseter muscle had antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects, reduced the severity of alterative changes in muscle fibers and increased their regenerative potential, reduced the severity of hemodynamic disorders, and increased the number of vessels. The therapeutic effect of PRP was more pronounced in cases where it was applied both during the treatment of mandibular fracture using an immobilizing muzzle for one month and for an additional 15 days after its removal, compared to animals in which PRP was applied only during the 15 days following muzzle removal. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The comprehensive morphological study of experimental material conducted by the authors confirmed the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of post-immobilization extra-articular contractures of the mandible, thereby expanding the available arsenal of treatment methods for this pathology.
The effect of photobiomodulation therapy on the expression of regulatory molecules in chronic wound healing.
Pavlov S, Babenko N, Kumetchko M … +3 more , Litvinova O, Bereznyakov V, Litvinienko T
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40322796 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The work aimed to study the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on the expression of key regulatory interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The work aimed to study the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on the expression of key regulatory interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), influencing the development of reparative processes of chronic wounds. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The experiment involved 3 groups of rats: intact animals and animals of the control and experimental groups, for which chronic wounds were simulated. Exposure to wound defects of animals of the experimental group was carried out using PBM therapy. Animals were euthanized on the 14th and 28th day of the experiment. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, and GM-CSF in the blood serum of animals were studied by enzyme immunoassay. Histological studies were carried out. The semi-quantitative method was used to evaluate the reepithelization stage, polymorphonuclear leucocytes, fibroblasts, new vessels, and new collagen. RESULTS: Results: In our work in a group of animals using PBM therapy, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, GM-CSF, and IL-10 did not change during the proliferationto-remodeling transition phase. The application of PBM therapy resulted in an increase in IL-4 on day 14 of the experiment. The semi-quantitative method demonstrated a change in the number of histologic processes and structures after using PBM therapy. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: An imbalance in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was found with the use of PBM therapy in our study. An increase in the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, the number of fibroblasts, and collagen after laser treatment was shown.
The role of psychoeducation for the physical and mental health of future specialists in wartime conditions.
Bilavych HV, Vintoniak OV, Slyvka LV … +4 more , Humeniuk IM, Fedchyshyn NO, Fedoniuk LY, Savchuk BP
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40063924 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The aim is to analyze the possibilities of coaching technologies for training future specialists in the field of education for sustainable development in war conditions, to characterise the role of psycho...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: The aim is to analyze the possibilities of coaching technologies for training future specialists in the field of education for sustainable development in war conditions, to characterise the role of psychoeducation in this process.. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The research used a number of scientific methods: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization), specific search, and analysis of the source base, made it possible to determine the general trends in the study of the problem of the psychoeducation in the process of professional training of future specialists for sustainable development in wartime conditions, analyze the achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, to distinguish the common and the different in the scientific research of scientists. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: One of the tools for ensuring the development of education under wartime conditions, as our experience shows, is the introduction of the latest technologies, in particular coaching, and the actualization of psychoeducation, which under the conditions of the russian-Ukrainian war gained special importance in the professional training of specialists in view of the constant need for psychological support with the help of all participants in the educational process. Various methods, tools and forms of psychoeducation serve as psychological assistance to higher education students, and through the introduction of coaching technologies, it is possible to achieve not only the formation of key competencies of future professionals, increase their general culture, improve mental health, but also to constantly improve themselves, form the ability to comprehend, overcome various mental problems, stressful situations, and finally, to maintain physical, mental, and spiritual health in war time.
Spectacular effect of radiotherapy in a 91-year-old man with locally advanced lip cancer: a case report and reflections on palliative care.
Kiedrowski M, Banatkiewicz P, Nurzynski P
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40063923 · Publisher ↗
This case report describes the clinical course in a great age home hospice patient with advanced lip cancer, who was cured as a result of palliative care and radiotherapy specialists' cooperation. A 91-year-old Caucasian...
This case report describes the clinical course in a great age home hospice patient with advanced lip cancer, who was cured as a result of palliative care and radiotherapy specialists' cooperation. A 91-year-old Caucasian male developed a lip tumor over five years. Given his passive approach to health and challenging living conditions, he opted not to undergo the recommended surgical treatment. As the lip lesion progressed, and pain and trismus increased, making him unable to eat, he was placed under home hospice care. Seeking the best treatment strategy, the hospice physician referred him to a radiotherapist, who qualified him for sequential radiotherapy. Initially, external beam radiotherapy was administered, delivering a total dose of 30 Gy in 10 fractions using the IMRT technique, which resulted in over 60% tumor regression. Subsequently, an HDR 3D interstitial brachytherapy boost was applied, delivering an additional dose of 24 Gy in 6 fractions. This treatment led to a remarkable resolution of the lesion. Throughout this process, comprehensive supportive care was continuously provided as the patient temporarily developed CTCAE grade 3 oral toxicity, which required intensive local and analgesic therapy for five weeks. Ultimately, the patient's fitness greatly improved. This case report highlights the importance of comprehensive supportive treatment and multidisciplinary cooperation, as well as the effectiveness of radiotherapy in palliative care.
The use of sodium bicarbonate in the treatment of patients with urolithiasis.
Fathi R
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40063922 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium bicarbonate for the conservative treatment of urolithiasis, which may offer a meaningful alternative to conventional treatments for the diseas...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium bicarbonate for the conservative treatment of urolithiasis, which may offer a meaningful alternative to conventional treatments for the disease, reduce the incidence of surgery and improve the quality of life of patients suffering from this condition.. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: A number of scientific methods such as analysis, including comparative, categorization, induction, synthesis, abstraction and bibliographic method were used in the execution of this study. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Thus, the result of the study was a comprehensive review of current literature sources on the subject of modern ideas about urolithiasis, its structure and pathogenesis, ways of conservative treatment, including oral haemolysis and metaphylaxis with the main emphasis on the prospects of application in this context of sodium bicarbonate. This study has important practical implications for healthcare professionals as it offers an effective and affordable approach to the treatment and prevention of urolithiasis, which may reduce the need for invasive procedures and improve the quality of life of patients, thereby reducing overall healthcare costs and improving patient outcomes.
Current priorities in research on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease based on the results of EASL - 2024.
Pinsky LL, Khaitovych MV, Golubovska OA … +1 more , Ryzhova IP
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40063921 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To systematize and comprehensively analyze scientific sources and studies on metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) based on materials from the European Congress of the European Association...
OBJECTIVE: Aim: To systematize and comprehensively analyze scientific sources and studies on metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) based on materials from the European Congress of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL - 2024).. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: This paper analyzes the current scientific research on the prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, prognosis, and pharmacotherapy of MASLD presented at the EASL 2024 Congress. The following methods were used in the preparation of the work: a systematic approach and bibliosemantic analysis. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Studies on the pathogenesis of MASLD progression confirm the significant role of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in increasing hepatocyte cytolysis activity, raising the concentration of cytokeratin CK-18, HbA1c, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, and the severity of fibrosis (FIB-4). EASL 2024 studies evaluated the diagnostic efficiency of non-invasive methods for assessing steatosis and liver fibrosis severity in MASLD (FIB-4, FibroScan®, Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF), Vibration Controlled Transient Elastography (VCTE), LiverPRO, etc.). Due to the high prevalence of steatotic liver disease, comorbidities such as chronic viral hepatitis C, autoimmune hepatitis, and alcoholic liver disease - contributing to liver fibrosis progression and hepatocellular carcinoma - are significant. Promising drugs for MASLD treatment include resmethyrom, fibroblast growth factor 21 analogs (including pegosafermin), and pemvidutide, a long-acting, balanced GLP-1/glucagon dual receptor agonist.
Use of amniotic membranes in dentistry - literature review.
Talaska J, Niemczyk W, Demel K … +5 more , Aboud A, Dziedzic M, Król J, Zawadzka K, Zawilska A
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40063920 · Publisher ↗
The amniotic membrane, which lacks blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves, is a thin membrane with anti-inflammatory and anti-scarring properties. In the field of dentistry, it is primarily employed as a dressing fo...
The amniotic membrane, which lacks blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves, is a thin membrane with anti-inflammatory and anti-scarring properties. In the field of dentistry, it is primarily employed as a dressing following the removal of malignant or pre-malignant lesions, with the objective of ensuring haemostasis and the absence of allergic reactions. Furthermore, it is employed in the treatment of oro-auricular junctions, cleft palates and in guided bone regeneration, due to the presence of mesenchymal cells. In vestibuloplasty, it has been demonstrated to enhance vestibular deepening, accelerate epithelialisation and reduce pain. In periodontics, it has been shown to be an effective treatment for gingival recession and furcation defects, and to increase the width of keratinised gingiva around implants. In endodontics, it is employed in regenerative procedures, offering comparable results to standard methods. Furthermore, in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint, it has been observed to provide pain relief and improved joint function.
The role of oxidative disorders in the pathogenesis of kidney damage in type 1 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in children: xanthine oxidase as a trigger.
Burlaka IA, Kovalchuk IV, Mityuryayeva-Kornijko IO
Pol Merkur Lekarski · 2025 · PMID 40063919 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: . Aim: This review aims to analyze scientific articles and publications on the role of oxidative stress and xanthine oxidase in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in order to...
OBJECTIVE: . Aim: This review aims to analyze scientific articles and publications on the role of oxidative stress and xanthine oxidase in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in order to update the theories underlying its development and progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The literature analysis used peer-reviewed articles, reviews, and descriptions of experimental studies from 2021-2024. The study describes the role of oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and the function of xanthine oxidase as a trigger. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The study of the molecular mechanisms of the cytoprotective and renoprotective effects of xanthine oxidase inhibition confirms its leading role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and opens up new prospects for the development of biomarkers, and therefore new approaches in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diabetes and its dangerous complications.
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