In this case report, a 77-year-old female attended a department of urology for a flexible cystoscopy in local anaesthesia with injection of botulinum toxin A in the bladder wall. One day later, she presented with suprapu...In this case report, a 77-year-old female attended a department of urology for a flexible cystoscopy in local anaesthesia with injection of botulinum toxin A in the bladder wall. One day later, she presented with suprapubic pain and hypotension which stabilized spontaneously. She was discharged but presented twice within the following week with severe bladder pain that was treated with mild analgesics. Eight days after the procedure she was readmitted with a haematoma of the abdomen and right flank and continuous bladder pain. CT revealed a large retroperitoneal haematoma, which was managed conservatively.
Clear cell adenocarcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is extremely rare. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman with a history of cesarean section and surgically treated AWE. Decades after initial re...Clear cell adenocarcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is extremely rare. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman with a history of cesarean section and surgically treated AWE. Decades after initial resection, she developed recurrent pain and a palpable mass. Initial evaluation raised suspicion for other conditions, leading to a diagnostic delay. Subsequent workup confirmed clear cell adenocarcinoma. She underwent radical surgery and was diagnosed with FIGO stage IV B disease. The case highlights the malignant potential of endometriosis and the need for clinical vigilance.
Meningiomas are among the most common intracranial tumours. They are often slow-growing, so symptoms usually develop insidiously and may delay diagnosis. The symptoms depend on the location of the meningioma. In this cas...Meningiomas are among the most common intracranial tumours. They are often slow-growing, so symptoms usually develop insidiously and may delay diagnosis. The symptoms depend on the location of the meningioma. In this case report, we describe a patient with years of social decline and progressive visual impairment caused by a giant frontal meningioma. This case highlights the importance of ruling out an organic disorder in patients with progressive social decline.
With this review, we aim to provide information about microvascular decompression in various forms of neurovascular conflicts between blood vessels and cranial nerves 7, 9, and 10 in the posterior fossa. Specifically, we...With this review, we aim to provide information about microvascular decompression in various forms of neurovascular conflicts between blood vessels and cranial nerves 7, 9, and 10 in the posterior fossa. Specifically, we will address the treatment of hemifacial spasms, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and, in rare cases, vagus nerve involvement. We intend to disseminate this information widely to doctors in Denmark, as it is our impression that the diseases mentioned in the article are not well known to all doctors who encounter these patients, and the same applies to the treatment options.
Motion sickness is thought to result from sensory conflict among visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs. Input from abdominal viscera may also contribute to motion detection. It affects up to two-thirds of the popu...Motion sickness is thought to result from sensory conflict among visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs. Input from abdominal viscera may also contribute to motion detection. It affects up to two-thirds of the population and can be triggered by transport or virtual environments. Symptoms include nausea, dizziness, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. Treatments include antihistamines, scopolamine, behavioral strategies, and habituation. This review discusses current treatment recommendations and research perspectives.
Conventional culturing remains central to clinical microbiology, but matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight and modern molecular diagnostics have revolutionised the field by enabling rapid, precise sp...Conventional culturing remains central to clinical microbiology, but matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight and modern molecular diagnostics have revolutionised the field by enabling rapid, precise species identification. However, molecular methods remain costly, detect only predefined organisms, and provide only partial resistance information. Denmark has a low level of resistance to microbes, potentially reflecting in part the close collaboration with clinicians and the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics when possible. Increasing diagnostic complexity highlights the need for stewardship to guide test use, ensure targeted therapy, and sustain infection control.
Medication reviews in Denmark are best conducted as a cross-sectoral, multidisciplinary effort, primarily anchored in the responsibility of general practice. This literature review documents that several Danish national...Medication reviews in Denmark are best conducted as a cross-sectoral, multidisciplinary effort, primarily anchored in the responsibility of general practice. This literature review documents that several Danish national guidelines recommend medication reviews, which underscores the need for a shared understanding of their scope and content. The Danish Society for Clinical Pharmacology has defined the framework, scope and content for a »clinical pharmacological medication review«, which are offered as a part of the advisory services offered in all regions of Denmark.
The use of point-of-care testing (POCT) for patient-based biochemical measurements in blood is growing rapidly, and the number will likely increase dramatically outside hospitals in the coming years due to healthcare ref...The use of point-of-care testing (POCT) for patient-based biochemical measurements in blood is growing rapidly, and the number will likely increase dramatically outside hospitals in the coming years due to healthcare reform and pressure on various healthcare sectors. This literature review finds that it calls for attention to the analysis performance and its limitations, as well as with the skills of the equipment users (including citizens). The Danish Institute for Quality in Healthcare has recommended that national standards for the quality assurance of POCT be established, and we, as laboratories, would be happy to help identify which areas requires national standardisation.
Digital transformation of pathology is a necessary but resource-intensive investment. In Denmark, pathology departments in four out of five regions have already implemented digital pathology, with the fifth expected to f...Digital transformation of pathology is a necessary but resource-intensive investment. In Denmark, pathology departments in four out of five regions have already implemented digital pathology, with the fifth expected to follow by 2027. Digital pathology is patient-safe and offers significant advantages, including more efficient diagnostics. At the same time, it places increased demands on consistency and high laboratory quality. Being digital is essential for collaboration across regional borders and, ultimately, for the use of artificial intelligence as a decision-support tool, as argued in this review.
This status article reviews the current state of interventional radiology (IR) in Denmark - a speciality that unites imaging and minimally invasive techniques with a continuous drive for innovation. We describe the princ...This status article reviews the current state of interventional radiology (IR) in Denmark - a speciality that unites imaging and minimally invasive techniques with a continuous drive for innovation. We describe the principles behind established catheter-based vascular and non-vascular procedures and outline the expansion of the field through new applications and technologies. The article also highlights future perspectives, focusing on education, organisation, and the growing role of IR as a central clinical speciality within the healthcare system.
This review finds that knowledge of primary immunodeficiencies (PID), also termed inborn errors of immunity (IEI), has expanded rapidly with advances in genetic and immunological methods. Precise diagnosis is crucial for...This review finds that knowledge of primary immunodeficiencies (PID), also termed inborn errors of immunity (IEI), has expanded rapidly with advances in genetic and immunological methods. Precise diagnosis is crucial for targeted treatment in this patient group. Patients may present not only with infections but also with immune dysregulation such as autoimmunity, inflammation, or malignancy, occurring in both childhood and adulthood. Whole genome sequencing combined with functional immunological analyses has greatly improved diagnostics and guided therapy, leading to significantly better prognoses.
The medical speciality clinical physiology and nuclear medicine utilises radioactive tracers and advanced laboratory techniques to investigate physiological and pathological processes. Despite the continuous advancements...The medical speciality clinical physiology and nuclear medicine utilises radioactive tracers and advanced laboratory techniques to investigate physiological and pathological processes. Despite the continuous advancements in PET (positron emission tomography), there is still a substantial role for classical nuclear medicine modalities in the diagnostic routine. Gamma cameras enable the visualisation of tracer biodistribution, facilitating diagnosis, therapy planning, and monitoring. Additionally, clinical physiological and other advanced laboratory tests are widely used within the speciality, as argued in this review.
In this review, pneumocephalus - a pathological condition that most commonly refers to intracranial air located in the epidural or subdural spaces, the ventricles, or within the brain parenchyma - is investigated. Sympto...In this review, pneumocephalus - a pathological condition that most commonly refers to intracranial air located in the epidural or subdural spaces, the ventricles, or within the brain parenchyma - is investigated. Symptoms include headache and a pathognomonic splashing sound on head movement. In the absence of symptoms, conservative treatment is recommended, and in the presence of mild symptoms, oxygen therapy can accelerate intracranial air resorption. In some cases, simple pneumocephalus can progress to tension pneumocephalus, a potentially life-threatening condition that may require acute neurosurgical intervention.