This review summarises studies on transgender individuals' satisfaction, regret, sexual well-being, and psychosocial outcomes after gender-affirming surgery. Qualitative studies with follow-up from months to years show s...This review summarises studies on transgender individuals' satisfaction, regret, sexual well-being, and psychosocial outcomes after gender-affirming surgery. Qualitative studies with follow-up from months to years show satisfaction rates of 59-93% after top surgery and 61-88% after bottom surgery. Regret was low (0-4.7%). Several studies also reported improvements in mental health and quality of life, though many relied on non-validated and inconsistent outcome measures.
This review investigates how recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC) affects ~16% of patients within 5 years after curative surgery and is linked to high mortality. Early dissemination and tumor dormancy challenge detection. M...This review investigates how recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC) affects ~16% of patients within 5 years after curative surgery and is linked to high mortality. Early dissemination and tumor dormancy challenge detection. Most recurrences occur in the liver, lungs, or peritoneum. Follow-up aims to detect early, but the survival benefits are uncertain. Around half of patients with recurrence may receive curative treatment, often involving surgery or chemotherapy. More research is needed to improve outcomes.
Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia, offering effective symptom relief with fewer complications than traditional surgery. This is a case report of a 68-y...Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia, offering effective symptom relief with fewer complications than traditional surgery. This is a case report of a 68-year-old male with an enlarged prostate who developed contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) post-PAE, progressing to dialysis-dependent renal failure and cardiac arrest. Prompt dialysis and ICU care stabilized renal function, with recovery observed at eight weeks. This case underscores the need for vigilance in high-risk patients to mitigate AKI risk and optimize PAE outcomes.
In this case report, we present a 55-year-old woman with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass who developed a perforated duodenal ulcer in the gastric remnant. Diagnosing this condition was challenging, as CT showed no...In this case report, we present a 55-year-old woman with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass who developed a perforated duodenal ulcer in the gastric remnant. Diagnosing this condition was challenging, as CT showed no free air in the abdomen - a typical limitation in this patient group because air in the gastric remnant is absorbed over time. Therefore, this case report highlights the need for increased awareness of this rare but serious condition and emphasises maintaining a low threshold for intervention.
Irreparable rotator cuff tears show increasing incidence with age. In symptomatic cases, first-line therapy should be a minimum of six months of physical training, as many improve over time. Reparability is evaluated cli...Irreparable rotator cuff tears show increasing incidence with age. In symptomatic cases, first-line therapy should be a minimum of six months of physical training, as many improve over time. Reparability is evaluated clinically and by MRI - assessing tendon retraction, fatty infiltration, and muscle atrophy. If symptoms persist, surgical treatment is considered: reverse shoulder arthroplasty is generally offered to older patients (> 60 years), while joint-preserving procedures such as tendon transfer or superior capsular reconstruction may be suitable for younger patients (less-than 60 years), as argued in this review.
Many children experience significant preoperative anxiety that affects cooperation and recovery. This review finds that age-appropriate communication, positive framing, and active parental involvement help reduce fear an...Many children experience significant preoperative anxiety that affects cooperation and recovery. This review finds that age-appropriate communication, positive framing, and active parental involvement help reduce fear and support calm induction. Clear, individualised plans and supportive strategies improve safety, trust, and overall quality of pediatric anesthesia care.
Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin diseases in the pediatric population. Even though the presentation and diagnosis are often straightforward, there are a multitude of differential diagnoses, benign as well...Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin diseases in the pediatric population. Even though the presentation and diagnosis are often straightforward, there are a multitude of differential diagnoses, benign as well as malignant, that can mimic atopic dermatitis. This review gives an overview of the current and most relevant differential diagnoses in the pediatric population.
Two patients with severe leptospirosis, infected in Denmark, developed multi-organ failure. A previously healthy woman presented with poor general condition and was diagnosed with cerebrospinal fluid PCR. A man with hype...Two patients with severe leptospirosis, infected in Denmark, developed multi-organ failure. A previously healthy woman presented with poor general condition and was diagnosed with cerebrospinal fluid PCR. A man with hypertension developed cardiopulmonary failure and tested positive for Leptospira in urine. In this case report, both received intensive care with vasopressors and antibiotics, improved clinically, and were discharged for follow-up.
This case report presents an 82-year-old woman who presented with acute thoracic pain and back pain. The CT angiography excluded rupture but showed a progressing penetrating aortic ulcer with adjacent rib fracture and di...This case report presents an 82-year-old woman who presented with acute thoracic pain and back pain. The CT angiography excluded rupture but showed a progressing penetrating aortic ulcer with adjacent rib fracture and diastasis as the cause of the patient's pain.
A 29-year-old male with prior testicular cancer and daily ketamine use developed severe lower urinary tract symptoms due to bladder fibrosis. Despite multiple treatments - botulinum toxin type A , bladder distension, and...A 29-year-old male with prior testicular cancer and daily ketamine use developed severe lower urinary tract symptoms due to bladder fibrosis. Despite multiple treatments - botulinum toxin type A , bladder distension, and medications - his condition progressed to hydronephrosis, recurrent urosepsis, and acute kidney injury requiring nephrostomies. Eventually, a Bricker bladder was created. The case highlights ketamine-associated uropathy as an ongoing and underrecognized issue, stressing the importance of early cessation and targeted intervention.
Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder affecting ~10% of reproductive-age women. It is underdiagnosed, with delays of 5-12 years. Symptoms include dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareu...Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder affecting ~10% of reproductive-age women. It is underdiagnosed, with delays of 5-12 years. Symptoms include dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, fatigue, and infertility with endometriosis present in up to 50% of infertile patients. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment, imaging (TVUS/MRI), and occasionally laparoscopy. Pathogenesis involves retrograde menstruation, genetic and immunologic factors. Management includes analgesics, hormonal therapy, surgery, physiotherapy, and psychosocial support, as argued in this review.
A 25-year-old man with autism was admitted for suspected psychosis. He had jaundice, abnormal liver tests, splenomegaly, and progressive cognitive decline with vertical gaze palsy. Antipsychotics and ECT were ineffective...A 25-year-old man with autism was admitted for suspected psychosis. He had jaundice, abnormal liver tests, splenomegaly, and progressive cognitive decline with vertical gaze palsy. Antipsychotics and ECT were ineffective. Family history (sister with cognitive problems and splenomegaly) prompted genetic testing, revealing two pathogenic NPC1 variants, confirming Niemann-Pick type C. This case highlights a rare adult-onset psychiatric NPC and the importance of early multidisciplinary assessment and relative involvement.
Percheron infarction is a rare stroke subtype caused by a single arterial branch from the posterior cerebral artery supplying both paramedian thalami. In this case, we report a 70-year-old man presenting with sudden impa...Percheron infarction is a rare stroke subtype caused by a single arterial branch from the posterior cerebral artery supplying both paramedian thalami. In this case, we report a 70-year-old man presenting with sudden impaired consciousness, vertical gaze palsy, and dysarthria. Initial CT head was normal, while MRI confirmed bilateral thalamic and mesencephalic infarcts. This condition should be considered in patients with acute unexplained consciousness disturbance.
Benign lesions in the oral mucosa are common and often painful. They have many underlying etiologic factors, most commonly infection, immune-related, or traumatic. Pathological mucosal conditions of the oral cavity commo...Benign lesions in the oral mucosa are common and often painful. They have many underlying etiologic factors, most commonly infection, immune-related, or traumatic. Pathological mucosal conditions of the oral cavity commonly present as white, red, blue, or pigmented lesions. This article reviews the most important benign oral mucosal lesions, organised according to clinical presentation and typical appearance, and explains how to diagnose them.
Oral cavity cancer requires early recognition and multidisciplinary management. This review outlines key clinical signs, diagnostic pathways, treatment strategies, common complications, and rehabilitation. General practi...Oral cavity cancer requires early recognition and multidisciplinary management. This review outlines key clinical signs, diagnostic pathways, treatment strategies, common complications, and rehabilitation. General practitioners and ENT specialists play a crucial role in early detection and follow-up. Treatment is primarily surgical, often followed by radiotherapy. Rehabilitation and quality of life are essential aspects of care. The review reflects current national guidelines and practice in Denmark.
Consumer wearables enable continuous cardiac monitoring through photoplethysmography and electrocardiography. Twenty per cent of Danes now share wearable data with physicians. Evidence shows high accuracy for atrial fibr...Consumer wearables enable continuous cardiac monitoring through photoplethysmography and electrocardiography. Twenty per cent of Danes now share wearable data with physicians. Evidence shows high accuracy for atrial fibrillation (AF) detection, but anticoagulation for device-detected AF remains controversial. Ethical challenges include data quality, interoperability, health equity, fairness and privacy. While patients increasingly use wearables, clinical integration requires standardisation, clinician education, and evidence-based guidelines to balance opportunities with limitations, as argued in this review.