Future Virol
· 2022 Jul · PMID 35935448
·
Full text
Paxlovid™ is a promising antiviral oral medication for patients at a high risk of a severe form of COVID-19. Regarding COVID-19 patients who have hypercholesterolemia and are at high or very high risk for an acute athero...Paxlovid™ is a promising antiviral oral medication for patients at a high risk of a severe form of COVID-19. Regarding COVID-19 patients who have hypercholesterolemia and are at high or very high risk for an acute atherothrombotic cardiovascular event, we are highlighting patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an example of severe hypercholesterolemia. Unfortunately, the concomitant use of Paxlovid and a statin, which is highly dependent on cytochrome P4507A (CYP3A) for clearance, may result in significant drug interactions. Since an abrupt withdrawal of statin use may cause serious negative rebound effects on the cardiovascular system, it is essential to continue statin treatment also during the 5-day Paxlovid treatment period. During Paxlovid treatment, simvastatin and lovastatin need to be substituted with another statin, such as pravastatin or fluvastatin, while a reduction of the dose of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin is recommended.
Zhao M, Li C, Dong Y
… +3 more, Wang X, Jiang W, Chen Y
Future Virol
· 2022 Jul · PMID 35873408
·
Full text
The expression pattern of RNA deaminases determines the mutation and evolution of SARS-CoV-2.The expression pattern of RNA deaminases determines the mutation and evolution of SARS-CoV-2.
Ozdemir YE, Demir AS, Ozdemir MS
… +3 more, Mavi B, Ozen C, Karaosmanoglu HK
Future Virol
· 2022 Jul · PMID 35873407
·
Full text
Infective endocarditis (IE) symptoms including fever, fatigue, dyspnea and myalgia are similar in COVID-19 findings. Therefore, the diagnosis of IE may be missed in patients with COVID-19. Co-existence with IE in COVID-1...Infective endocarditis (IE) symptoms including fever, fatigue, dyspnea and myalgia are similar in COVID-19 findings. Therefore, the diagnosis of IE may be missed in patients with COVID-19. Co-existence with IE in COVID-19 is rarely reported. However, to our knowledge, only one case of septic pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 and IE was reported. Here, we describe a case of septic embolism due to tricuspid endocarditis caused by intravenous drug use in patients with COVID-19. In this fatal case, the use of prophylactic anticoagulants due to COVID-19 probably caused the tendency to hemorrhagic cerebrovascular complications. Our report emphasizes the complexity of anticoagulant prophylaxis in patients with COVID-19 which may cause hypercoagulopathy in co-existence with IE.
Zhou F, Deng J, Heybati K
… +8 more, Zuo QK, Ali S, Hou W, Wong CY, Ramaraju HB, Chang O, Dhivagaran T, Silver Z
Future Virol
· 2022 Jul · PMID 35814934
·
Full text
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids for treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients. MATERIALS & METHODS: Efficacy outcomes included time to negative SARS-CoV-2 tests, length of stay, duration and inc...AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids for treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients. MATERIALS & METHODS: Efficacy outcomes included time to negative SARS-CoV-2 tests, length of stay, duration and incidence of intensive unit care stay, incidence of mortality and duration and incidence of mechanical ventilation. Safety outcomes included the incidence of adverse events and severe adverse events, incidence of hyperglycemia and incidence of nosocomial infections. RESULTS: Ninety-five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (n = 42,205) were included. Corticosteroids were associated with increased length of stay (based on RCT only), increased time to negative tests, decreased length of mechanical ventilation and increased odds of hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION: Corticosteroids should be considered in patients requiring mechanical ventilation, and glycemic monitoring may be needed when administering corticosteroids.
Das BS, Das NC, Swain SS
… +2 more, Mukherjee S, Bhattacharya D
Future Virol
· 2022 Jun · PMID 35812188
·
Full text
Considering the present alarming situation of COVID-19 pandemic, we concentrated on evaluating the efficacy of a novel natural antiviral drug-candidate andrographolide against SARS-CoV-2 through an model of study. Inte...Considering the present alarming situation of COVID-19 pandemic, we concentrated on evaluating the efficacy of a novel natural antiviral drug-candidate andrographolide against SARS-CoV-2 through an model of study. Interaction of andrographolide against the major host molecules that are responsible for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis were determined using bio-computational tools, in other words, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and pharmacodynamics-pharmacokinetics analysis. Computational findings represent that andrographolide efficiently interacts with the major human-host-associated putative drug-targets of viral-entry points like furin (-10.54 kcal/mol), TMPRSS-2 (-9.50 kcal/mol), ACE2 (-8.99 kcal/mol) and Cathepsin L (-8.98 kcal/mol). Moreover, it also blocks the inflammatory regulators including TLR4-MD2 and IL-6, which promote virus-induced inflammation leading to cytokine storm in the host body. This work elucidates that, the candidature of andrographolide can be utilized as a potent natural agent for the therapeutic intervention of SARS-CoV-2 through host-directed treatment.
Zhang Y, Garner R, Salehi S
… +2 more, Rocca M, Duncan D
Future Virol
· 2022 Jun · PMID 35783674
·
Full text
Laboratory tests seeking to improve detection of COVID-19 have been widely developed by laboratories and commercial companies. This review provides an overview of molecular and antigen tests, presents the sensitivity and...Laboratory tests seeking to improve detection of COVID-19 have been widely developed by laboratories and commercial companies. This review provides an overview of molecular and antigen tests, presents the sensitivity and specificity for 329 assays that have received US FDA Emergency Use Authorization and evaluates six sample collection methods - nasal, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal swabs, saliva, blood and stool. Molecular testing is preferred for diagnosis of COVID-19, but negative results do not always rule out the presence of infection, especially when clinical suspicion is high. Sensitivity and specificity ranged from 88.1 to 100% and 88 to 100%, respectively. Antigen tests may be more easy to use and rapid. However, they have reported a wide range of detection sensitivities from 16.7 to 85%, which may potentially yield many false-negative results.
Göre B, Yenigün EC, Cevher ŞK
… +3 more, Çankaya E, Aydın N, Dede F
Future Virol
· 2022 Jun · PMID 35783673
·
Full text
A 56-year-old male admitted to the hospital for generalized weakness and fever. He was treated in hospital for 10 days due to COVID-19. He did not receive any immunosuppressive therapy during admission. One day after his...A 56-year-old male admitted to the hospital for generalized weakness and fever. He was treated in hospital for 10 days due to COVID-19. He did not receive any immunosuppressive therapy during admission. One day after his discharge he experienced back pain and received analgesic therapy for 10 days. About one month later he experienced severe back pain and gross hematuria. He was admitted to hospital with acute kidney injury and new-onset lower extremity muscle weakness. His renal biopsy revealed IgA nephropathy and thoracic/cervical/lumbar-spine imaging showed an epidural abscess. This is a unique case report of a patient developing an epidural abscess and acute kidney injury together as a serious complication of COVID-19 infection.
Rajpal VR, Sharma S, Sehgal D
… +7 more, Singh A, Kumar A, Vaishnavi S, Tiwari M, Bhalla H, Goel S, Raina SN
Future Virol
· 2022 May · PMID 35747328
·
Full text
This review collates information on the onset of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 genome architecture, emergence of novel viral lineages that drove multiple waves of infection around the world and standard and fast track development...This review collates information on the onset of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 genome architecture, emergence of novel viral lineages that drove multiple waves of infection around the world and standard and fast track development of vaccines. With the passage of time, the continuously evolving SARS-CoV-2 has acquired an expanded mutational landscape. The functional characterization of spike protein mutations, the primary target of diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines has revealed increased transmission, pathogenesis and immune escape potential in the variant lineages of the virus. The incurred mutations have also resulted in substantial viral neutralization escape to vaccines, monoclonal, polyclonal and convalescent antibodies presently in use. The present situation suggests the need for development of precise next-generation vaccines and therapeutics by targeting the more conservative genomic viral regions for providing adequate protection.
Rajpal VR, Sharma S, Kumar A
… +6 more, Vaishnavi S, Singh A, Sehgal D, Tiwari M, Goel S, Raina SN
Future Virol
· 2022 May · PMID 35747327
·
Full text
The aim of this study was to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein evolution during the first and second wave of COVID-19 infections in India. Detailed mutation analysis was done in 763 samples taken from GISAID for...The aim of this study was to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein evolution during the first and second wave of COVID-19 infections in India. Detailed mutation analysis was done in 763 samples taken from GISAID for the ten most affected Indian states between March 2020 to August 2021. The study revealed 242 mutations corresponding to 207 sites. Fifty one novel mutations emerged during the assessment period, including many with higher transmissibility and immune evasion functions. Highest number of mutations per spike protein also rose from 5 (first wave) to 13 (second wave). The study identified mutation-rich and no mutation regions in the spike protein. The conserved spike regions can be useful for designing future diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics.
Tuncel G, Ergoren MC, Baddal B
… +6 more, Tulay P, Ozverel CS, Guler E, Suer HK, Sayan M, Sanlidag T
Future Virol
· 2022 May · PMID 35747326
·
Full text
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) carry signature mutations particularly in the spike protein. Most VOCs lineages that carry N501Y substitution have been reported to evade viral diagnostic tests and have impact on va...SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) carry signature mutations particularly in the spike protein. Most VOCs lineages that carry N501Y substitution have been reported to evade viral diagnostic tests and have impact on vaccine effectiveness. Therefore, monitoring the circulating variants represents a major requirement for a public health response worldwide. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of N501Y bearing SARS-CoV-2 samples in Northern Cyprus. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR technique was used to identify N501Y mutation from 658 samples. Our results indicate that the proportion of N501Y-bearing lineages increased significantly from January through May 2021 (45.2-75.5%) in the region. These results indicate that VOCs are dominant lineages in the country and highlight an alarming situation which require strict governmental measures to minimize COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.
Apaydin H, Erden A, Güven SC
… +7 more, Armağan B, Karakaş Ö, Özdemir B, Polat B, Eksin MA, Omma A, Kucuksahin O
Future Virol
· 2022 May · PMID 35747325
·
Full text
To evaluate the clinical course of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) patients in COVID-19 pandemic, and to assess the COVID-19 outcomes in infected IIM patients. In this study, 39 patients were evaluated retrospect...To evaluate the clinical course of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) patients in COVID-19 pandemic, and to assess the COVID-19 outcomes in infected IIM patients. In this study, 39 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Myositis disease activity, myositis damage index, depression, fatigue, active medical treatment, drug compliance and SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results in COVID-19 pandemic were collected. Fourteen of these patients (35%) were detected to have a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. The demographic and clinical characteristics, active medical treatment, disease activity, depression and fatigue of the patients who had undergone or not SARS-CoV-2 were similar. Our results have shown that although prevalence of COVID-19 seems to be increased in IIM patients under immunosuppressive treatment, hospitalization rates were lower and no intensive care unit admissions or deaths were observed.
Tavakoli F, Yavarian J, Shafiei Jandaghi NZ
… +4 more, Sadeghi K, Ghavami N, Salimi V, Mokhtari-Azad T
Future Virol
· 2022 Apr · PMID 35586148
·
Full text
To evaluate SARS-CoV-2 genome detection using pooled samples by RT-qPCR assay, compared to individual samples. At first all samples were tested individually using two commercial methods targeting , and genes. Then, fo...To evaluate SARS-CoV-2 genome detection using pooled samples by RT-qPCR assay, compared to individual samples. At first all samples were tested individually using two commercial methods targeting , and genes. Then, four experimental groups of samples were pooled and evaluated using the same detection methods. Compared to the individual sample testing, the sample pooling conserved the sensitivity of the detection in all groups of pooled samples when the Ct value in single test was lower than 33. Specimen pooling may fail to detect positive samples with high Ct values. However, in scarcity of reagents or in population surveys, it could be considered as an alternative method in low prevalence settings.
Future Virol
· 2022 Mar · PMID 35492429
·
Full text
COVID-19, which was first reported in December 2019 in China, has caused a global outbreak. Five variants of concern (VOCs) have been identified in different countries since the global pandemic, namely, Alpha (B.1.1.7),...COVID-19, which was first reported in December 2019 in China, has caused a global outbreak. Five variants of concern (VOCs) have been identified in different countries since the global pandemic, namely, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.529). Although multiple vaccines have been found to be effective, some of the amino acid changes may increase the infectivity of virus and decrease the sensitivity to antibodies. Here we characterize the VOCs and discuss their sensitivity to antibodies elicited by convalescent and vaccinee sera. In conclusion, several variants display a reduction in the susceptibility to neutralization antibodies generated by natural infection or vaccination, which threatens the containment of the epidemic.
Future Virol
· 2022 Mar · PMID 35462620
·
Full text
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused dramatic death and infection worldwide, leading to a global public health crisis. As for precautions, scientists have different opinions on the effectiveness of masks in preventing COVID-...The COVID-19 pandemic has caused dramatic death and infection worldwide, leading to a global public health crisis. As for precautions, scientists have different opinions on the effectiveness of masks in preventing COVID-19 transmission. Published studies suggested that medical masks may help in preventing respiratory virus infection. But the currently available experimental results are too preliminary to support an informed policy. In conclusion, we need more well-designed and robust research on the effectiveness of masks in preventing COVID-19 infection.
Future Virol
· 2022 Mar · PMID 35462619
·
Full text
Toll-like receptor 4, an innate immune sensor, is one of the key 'fate-deciding' regulators of immunity as well as COVID-19 immunopathogenesis. Suitable targeting of Toll-like receptor 4 appears to be an effective strate...Toll-like receptor 4, an innate immune sensor, is one of the key 'fate-deciding' regulators of immunity as well as COVID-19 immunopathogenesis. Suitable targeting of Toll-like receptor 4 appears to be an effective strategy to counteract the pandemic.
Mak GC, Lau SS, Wong KK
… +5 more, Chow NL, Lau CS, Lam ET, Ng KH, Chan RC
Future Virol
· 2022 Mar · PMID 35432576
·
Full text
Currently, there is lack of data regarding rapid antigen detection (RAD) kits to detect SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 virus. The purpose of this evaluation is to assess analytical sensitivity of 12 RAD kits against SARS-CoV-2 B....Currently, there is lack of data regarding rapid antigen detection (RAD) kits to detect SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 virus. The purpose of this evaluation is to assess analytical sensitivity of 12 RAD kits against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2. Analytical sensitivity was determined by limit of detection (LOD). A serial tenfold dilution set from a respiratory specimen collected from a COVID-19 patient infected by SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 was used. RT-PCR was used as a reference method. The LOD results showed that 11 and one RAD kits were 100- and 1000-fold less sensitive than RT-PCR respectively. The results showed that the RAD kits evaluated in this study may be used for first-line screening of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 variant.
Future Virol
· 2022 Mar · PMID 35419073
·
Full text
Several investigations suggested origins of SARS-CoV-2 from the recombination of coronaviruses of various animals, including the bat and the pangolin , despite the processes describing the adaptation from a reservoir of...Several investigations suggested origins of SARS-CoV-2 from the recombination of coronaviruses of various animals, including the bat and the pangolin , despite the processes describing the adaptation from a reservoir of animals to human are still debated. In this perspective, I will remark two main inconsistencies on the origins of SARS-CoV-2: polypeptide sequence alignment of the S-proteins does not return the expected identity of the receptor-binding motif among most of pangolin-CoVs and SARS-CoV-2; accurate referencing for samplings and sequencing deposition of the ancestral bat coronavirus named RaTG13 was missing since the first reports on the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. This contribution aims to stimulate discussion about the origins of SARS-CoV-2 and considers other intermediate hosts as a reservoir for coronavirus.
Future Virol
· 2022 Mar · PMID 35399958
·
Full text
Coronavirus disease still poses a global health threat which advocates continuous research efforts to develop effective therapeutics. We screened out an array of 29 cannabis phytoligands for their viral spike-ACE2 compl...Coronavirus disease still poses a global health threat which advocates continuous research efforts to develop effective therapeutics. We screened out an array of 29 cannabis phytoligands for their viral spike-ACE2 complex and main protease (M) inhibitory actions by modeling to explore their possible dual viral entry and replication machinery inhibition. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters (ADMET) formulating drug-likeness were computed. Among the studied phytoligands, cannabigerolic acid , cannabigerol , and its acid methyl ether possessed the highest binding affinities to SARS-CoV-hACE2 complex essential for viral entry. Canniprene , cannabigerolic methyl ether and cannabichromene were the most promising M inhibitors. These non-psychoactive cannabinoids could represent plausible therapeutics with added-prophylactic value as they halt both viral entry and replication machinery.
Future Virol
· 2022 Jan · PMID 35371273
·
Full text
This study aimed to build an easy-to-use nomogram to predict the severity of COVID-19. From December 2019 to January 2020, patients confirmed with COVID-19 in our hospital were enrolled. The initial clinical and radiolo...This study aimed to build an easy-to-use nomogram to predict the severity of COVID-19. From December 2019 to January 2020, patients confirmed with COVID-19 in our hospital were enrolled. The initial clinical and radiological characteristics were extracted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify variables for the nomogram. In total, 104 patients were included. Based on statistical analysis, age, levels of neutrophil count, creatinine, procalcitonin and numbers of involved lung segments were identified for nomogram. The area under the curve was 0.939 (95% CI: 0.893-0.984). The calibration curve showed good agreement between prediction of nomogram and observation in the primary cohort. An easy-to-use nomogram with great discrimination was built to predict the severity of COVID-19.