Panahi Y, Dadkhah M, Talei S
… +5 more, Gharari Z, Asghariazar V, Abdolmaleki A, Matin S, Molaei S
Future Virol
· 2022 Mar · PMID 35359702
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Novel COVID-19 is a public health emergency that poses a serious threat to people worldwide. Given the virus spreading so quickly, novel antiviral medications are desperately needed. Repurposing existing drugs is the fir...Novel COVID-19 is a public health emergency that poses a serious threat to people worldwide. Given the virus spreading so quickly, novel antiviral medications are desperately needed. Repurposing existing drugs is the first strategy. Anti-parasitic drugs were among the first to be considered as a potential treatment option for this disease. Even though many papers have discussed the efficacy of various anti-parasitic drugs in treating COVID-19 separately, so far, no single study comprehensively discussed these drugs. This study reviews some anti-parasitic recommended drugs to treat COVID-19, in terms of function and as well as clinical results. Finally, we briefly review the advanced techniques, such as artificial intelligence, that have been used to find effective drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.
Ala A, Habtemariam S, Vahdati SS
… +1 more, Rezabakhsh A
Future Virol
· 2022 Jan · PMID 35186108
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Besides the common symptoms in COVID-19, it has been thought to be a more imperative measure to identify the extraordinary manifestations of the illness, which would be more helpful to improve clinical management. In the...Besides the common symptoms in COVID-19, it has been thought to be a more imperative measure to identify the extraordinary manifestations of the illness, which would be more helpful to improve clinical management. In the current report, a 39-year-old woman and a 44-year-old man showed reactive cervical and preauricular lymphadenopathies, respectively, upon a range of the common symptoms of the disease. Interestingly, none of them showed the symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection as well. Notably, a herpes-like skin lesion was also observed on the right lower eyelid in one of the positive patients.
Guneyli S, Dogan H, Esengur OT
… +1 more, Hassoy H
Future Virol
· 2022 Jan · PMID 35173796
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To investigate the relationship between pancreatic steatosis (PS) assessed on computed tomography (CT) and COVID-19 prognosis. This retrospective study covers 396 patients with COVID-19 (mean age: 52.50 ± 16.86 years),...To investigate the relationship between pancreatic steatosis (PS) assessed on computed tomography (CT) and COVID-19 prognosis. This retrospective study covers 396 patients with COVID-19 (mean age: 52.50 ± 16.86 years), who underwent unenhanced chest CT. PS was compared with clinical findings, comorbidities, requirements for hospitalization, intubation and intensive care unit (ICU), length of hospitalization and death. PS was found to be strongly correlated with the severity of clinical findings and hospitalization rates (p < 0.001). In hospitalized patients, length of hospitalization (p = 0.002) and rates of ICU requirement (p = 0.003) were higher in patients with PS. PS, correlated with clinical severity and hospitalization requirement, is an independent risk factor for COVID-19.
Güven SC, Apaydın H, Özdemir B
… +5 more, Armağan B, Ateş İ, Erden A, Küçükşahin O, Omma A
Future Virol
· 2022 Jan · PMID 35173795
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To investigate clinical implications of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity detected in COVID-19 patients during follow up. A retrospective survey in a hospital database was carried out to detect COVID...To investigate clinical implications of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity detected in COVID-19 patients during follow up. A retrospective survey in a hospital database was carried out to detect COVID-19 patients in which ANCAs had been tested. Clinical, laboratory and imaging data were collected from this hospital database and compared between ANCA-negative and -positive patients. ANCAs were tested in 87 COVID-19 patients. Eight had positivity in at least one ANCA test. COVID-19 symptoms on admission and rate of pulmonary involvement were similar. Acute phase reactant levels were higher in ANCA-positive patients. Rate of mortality was higher in the ANCA-positive group without statistical significance. ANCA positivity detected during COVID-19 in patients without a prior diagnosis of any rheumatic condition may be related with worse outcomes.
Deng J, Zhou F, Hou W
… +10 more, Heybati K, Ali S, Chang O, Silver Z, Dhivagaran T, Ramaraju HB, Wong CY, Zuo QK, Lapshina E, Mellett M
Future Virol
· 2021 Dec · PMID 35145560
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To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) therapy in treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Data from randomized and observational studies were included in meta-analyses. Primary outcomes were...To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) therapy in treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Data from randomized and observational studies were included in meta-analyses. Primary outcomes were length of stay, time for SARS-CoV-2 test conversion, mortality, incidence of mechanical ventilation, time to body temperature normalization and incidence of adverse events. Twenty-four studies (n = 10,718) were included. LPV/r demonstrated no significant benefit over the control groups in all efficacy outcomes. The use of LPV/r was associated with a significant increase in the odds of adverse events. Given the lack of efficacy and increased incidence of adverse events, the clinical use of LPV/r in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is not recommended.
Ilesanmi OS, Chirico F, Afolabi AA
… +1 more, Nucera G
Future Virol
· 2021 Dec · PMID 35069774
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The third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has commenced. To avert increase in cases and avert preventable deaths, community engagement strategies such as the promotion of vaccination, voluntary testing and debunking of COV...The third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has commenced. To avert increase in cases and avert preventable deaths, community engagement strategies such as the promotion of vaccination, voluntary testing and debunking of COVID-19-related rumors need to be undertaken.
Golabchi K, Rezaee A, Aghadoost D
… +1 more, Hashemipour M
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 35058985
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A variety of manifestations in different organs could be associated with severe COVID-19; for example, ocular manifestations. A 52-year-old male complaining of sudden onset unilateral painless vision loss in the right e...A variety of manifestations in different organs could be associated with severe COVID-19; for example, ocular manifestations. A 52-year-old male complaining of sudden onset unilateral painless vision loss in the right eye for 1 month (started just 1 week after COVID-19 remission) came to the ophthalmology clinic. On further evaluations, he was diagnosed with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). Considering his past history and the result of evaluations, the hypothesis of association between AION and COVID-19 was proposed. Ocular and neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 are more likely to happen in patients with more severe conditions. Complications occur secondary to two basic mechanisms including severe inflammatory response and hypercoagulable state. Our findings indicated that non-arteritic AION is another manifestation of microangiopathic/thrombotic events which may occur in the course of COVID-19.
Brown CA, Amerson-Brown MH, Rahman A
… +3 more, Webb CR, Singh IR, Dunn JJ
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 35027939
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This study evaluated the real-world performance of six test systems for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in 138 pediatric and 110 adult maternal patients. Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested directly using the Aptima™ SARS-CoV-2 (A...This study evaluated the real-world performance of six test systems for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in 138 pediatric and 110 adult maternal patients. Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested directly using the Aptima™ SARS-CoV-2 (Aptima) and Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct (Simplexa), and with Altona RealStar RT-PCR and CDC RT-PCR with nucleic acid extracted on the Roche MagNA Pure 96 (Altona-MP96) or bioMérieux EMAG (Altona-EMAG). Overall percent-positive and percent-negative agreements among the six test systems were, respectively: Aptima: 94.8 and 100%; Altona-MP96: 96.5 and 99.3%; CDC-MP96: 100 and 99.3%; Altona-EMAG: 86.1 and 100%; CDC-EMAG: 98.2 and 100%; Simplexa: 87 and 99.2%. The six test systems showed agreement ranging from 92.7 (κ = 0.85) to 98.8% (κ = 0.98).
Makoah NA, Tipih T, Litabe MM
… +4 more, Brink M, Sempa JB, Goedhals D, Burt FJ
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 34950219
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The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of serological tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 during the first week of symptom onset in patients confirmed with the real-time RT-PCR. A systematic review and met...The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of serological tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19 during the first week of symptom onset in patients confirmed with the real-time RT-PCR. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 58 publications were performed using data obtained from Academic Search Ultimate, Africa-wide, Scopus, Web of Science and MEDLINE. We found that the highest pooled sensitivities were obtained with ELISA IgM-IgG and chemiluminescence immunoassay IgM tests. Serological tests have low sensitivity within the first week of symptom onset and cannot replace nucleic acid amplification tests. However, serological assays can be used to support nucleic acid amplification tests.
Deng J, Zhou F, Heybati K
… +8 more, Ali S, Zuo QK, Hou W, Dhivagaran T, Ramaraju HB, Chang O, Wong CY, Silver Z
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 34887938
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To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, with or without azithromycin, in treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Data from randomized and observational studies were included in a random-e...To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, with or without azithromycin, in treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Data from randomized and observational studies were included in a random-effects meta-analysis. Primary outcomes included time to negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 tests, length of stay, mortality, incidence of mechanical ventilation, time to normalization of body temperature, incidence of adverse events and incidence of QT prolongations. Fifty-one studies (n = 61,221) were included. Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine showed no efficacy in all primary efficacy outcomes, but was associated with increased odds of QT prolongations. Due to a lack of efficacy and increased odds of cardiac adverse events, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine should not be used for treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 34887937
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While tolerance to COVID-19 vaccination is considered satisfactory, a phenomenon of myocarditis, although rare, is becoming a safety concern in mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. The presence of low residual levels of double-str...While tolerance to COVID-19 vaccination is considered satisfactory, a phenomenon of myocarditis, although rare, is becoming a safety concern in mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. The presence of low residual levels of double-strand RNA (dsRNA) has been reported in mRNA COVID-19 vaccine preparations. dsRNA is a known inducer of immune-inflammatory reactions. dsRNA present in vaccine nanoparticles may be suspected to be at the origin of the still unexplained cases of myocarditis.
Shafaati M, Saidijam M, Soleimani M
… +12 more, Hazrati F, Mirzaei R, Amirheidari B, Tanzadehpanah H, Karampoor S, Kazemi S, Yavari B, Mahaki H, Safaei M, Rahbarizadeh F, Samadi P, Ahmadyousefi Y
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 34858516
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This article provides a brief overview of DNA vaccines. First, the basic DNA vaccine design strategies are described, then specific issues related to the industrial production of DNA vaccines are discussed, including the...This article provides a brief overview of DNA vaccines. First, the basic DNA vaccine design strategies are described, then specific issues related to the industrial production of DNA vaccines are discussed, including the production and purification of DNA products such as plasmid DNA, minicircle DNA, minimalistic, immunologically defined gene expression (MIDGE) and Doggybone™. The use of adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines is then discussed. In addition, different delivery routes and several physical and chemical methods to increase the efficacy of DNA delivery into cells are explained. Recent preclinical and clinical trials of DNA vaccines for COVID-19 are then summarized. Lastly, the advantages and obstacles of DNA vaccines are discussed.
Patra PK, Das RR, Banday AZ
… +4 more, Singh M, Goyal K, Jindal AK, Singh S
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 34858515
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To study the association between non-SARS, non-MERS human coronavirus (HCoV) infections and Kawasaki disease (KD). Meta-analysis of observational studies published until 1 May 2021. Out of 571 papers retrieved through...To study the association between non-SARS, non-MERS human coronavirus (HCoV) infections and Kawasaki disease (KD). Meta-analysis of observational studies published until 1 May 2021. Out of 571 papers retrieved through database search, 10 provided data of 17,732 children. Age ranged from 2 months-14.9 years with 66% being male and 71% being complete KD. Compared with controls, there was an increased risk of developing KD in those detected to have HCoV infection (OR: 2.3 [95% CI: 1.06-4.99]; p = 0.03). The GRADE evidence for all outcomes was of 'low-certainty'. A 'low certainty' of evidence suggests an increased risk of KD in children infected with HCoV. We need multi-center, prospective studies to support or refute this finding. : CRD42021251582.