Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 34858514
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We report two cases of pediatric patients diagnosed and treated for pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) symptoms. Two previously healthy 3- and 4-year-old boys wer...We report two cases of pediatric patients diagnosed and treated for pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) symptoms. Two previously healthy 3- and 4-year-old boys were referred to the hospital after 5 days of 39°C fever, with symptoms such as erythema multiform in the lower extremities, irritability, refusal to eat, restlessness, lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis and abnormal echocardiography. After 8 days of hospitalization, the patients showed normal laboratory tests, improvement of clinical condition and were discharged from the hospital. This study raised several issues for physicians about SARS-CoV-2, its complications, diagnosis and treatment. Based on our results, pediatrics with PIMS-TS should be first screened for SARS-CoV-2, then treated with a combination of antivirals, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics and intravenous immune globulin.
Future Virol
· 2021 Nov · PMID 34824596
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This is a summary of a publication about the ENSEMBLE trial of the Janssen Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against COVID-19, which was published in the in April 2021. The ENSEMBLE study started in September 2020 and is still ongoin...This is a summary of a publication about the ENSEMBLE trial of the Janssen Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against COVID-19, which was published in the in April 2021. The ENSEMBLE study started in September 2020 and is still ongoing. The study compared the effectiveness of the vaccine to a placebo in 43,783 adults from Latin America, South Africa, and the United States. Of those, 19,630 got a single dose of the vaccine. Compared to the placebo, the vaccine prevented: 66.9% of moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 cases after 14 days66.1% of moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 cases after 28 days85.4% of severe COVID-19 cases after 28 days100% of people with severe COVID-19 from needing to go to hospital for treatment None of the vaccinated participants died from COVID-19. There were 5 people who got the placebo who died from COVID-19. The vaccine was similarly effective in people from all age groups and different countries, including South Africa, where most cases were caused by the beta variant of the virus that originated there. The people in the study who got the vaccine who went on to get COVID-19 generally had milder and fewer symptoms than those who got the placebo. In most people, the vaccine started working after about 2 weeks. After receiving the vaccine, some people experienced pain at the injection site, headache, tiredness, muscle pain, and nausea. In most cases, these were mild and went away within a few days. Serious side effects were very rare. Blood clots, seizures, and tinnitus were very rare but were more common in the people who got the vaccine than in those who got the placebo. At the time of the study, it was not clear if these were caused by the vaccine or not. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT number: NCT04505722.
Future Virol
· 2021 Oct · PMID 34824595
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In order to curb the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, nation-wide travel restrictions at different levels were implemented in different countries. Country-specific mutational profile may exist and have an impact on vaccine ef...In order to curb the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, nation-wide travel restrictions at different levels were implemented in different countries. Country-specific mutational profile may exist and have an impact on vaccine efficacy. We identified nonsynonymous mutations in approximately 215,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences during the 1st year of the pandemic in 35 countries. Mutational profiles on a bimonthly basis were traced over time. We also examined the mutations that overlapped with the spike protein vaccine epitopes. Several new mutations emerged over time and were dominating in specific countries. Many nonsynonymous mutations were within multiple spike protein epitopes that might impact the vaccine efficacy. Our study advocates requirement of active monitoring of country-specific mutations and vaccine efficacies in respective countries.
Guo J, Li L, Wu Q
… +5 more, Li H, Li Y, Hou X, Yang F, Qin Z
Future Virol
· 2021 Oct · PMID 34804188
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To determine SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG levels of patients with COVID-19 at 8 months after symptom onset and to explore the predictors of antibody levels. The magnetic chemiluminescence method was used to measure t...To determine SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG levels of patients with COVID-19 at 8 months after symptom onset and to explore the predictors of antibody levels. The magnetic chemiluminescence method was used to measure the antibody levels. Clinical data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. A total of 54 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 59.3% were IgM positive and 96.4% were IgG positive. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the duration of RNA shedding, C-reactive protein level and disease severity were independent predictors of IgG levels. COVID-19 patients retained long-term viral-specific protective immunity. Disease severity, C-reactive protein level and duration of RNA shedding were related to antibody levels 8 months after symptom onset.
Vervoort D, Ma X, Sunderji A
… +1 more, Bookholane H
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34745317
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In November, dozens of nations and the WHO will draft the international treaty for pandemic preparedness and response. Will the treaty be the needed change in global health equity or are we doomed to repeat history?In November, dozens of nations and the WHO will draft the international treaty for pandemic preparedness and response. Will the treaty be the needed change in global health equity or are we doomed to repeat history?
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34745316
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The severity of COVID-19 has raised a great public health concern evoking an urgency for developing multitargeted therapeutics. species was ethno-pharmacologically practiced for respiratory ailments. An array of 15 phy...The severity of COVID-19 has raised a great public health concern evoking an urgency for developing multitargeted therapeutics. species was ethno-pharmacologically practiced for respiratory ailments. An array of 15 phytoligands previously isolated from were subjected to molecular docking to explore their potential SARS-CoV-Spike-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 complex inhibition, that is essential for virus entry to host cell. Acteoside () showed the most potent inhibition with an additional merit, over hesperidin (), of not binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 with well proven pulmonary protective role in acute lung injury, followed by chrysoeriol-7--β-glucopyranoside () and luteolin-7--β-glucopyranoside (). Phytoligands (, and ) were posed as promising candidates with potential prophylactic action against COVID-19. These phytoligands were prioritized for further biological experimentation because of their acceptable predicted ADME and drug-likeness parameters. Moreover, they could aid in developing multitargeted strategy for better management of COVID-19 using phytomedicines.
Zhang Y, Jiang W, Li Y
… +5 more, Jin X, Yang X, Zhang P, Jiang W, Yin B
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34721652
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As an RNA virus, the fast evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is driven by the extensive RNA deamination by the host cells.As an RNA virus, the fast evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is driven by the extensive RNA deamination by the host cells.
Fata A, Jabbour G, Kourie H
… +3 more, Zoghbi M, Kassouf E, Zoghbi A
Future Virol
· 2021 Oct · PMID 34707681
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In December 2019, a new emerging virus causing mild-to-severe pneumonia was detected in China. The virus was described as a variant of SARS-CoV and was called SARS-CoV-2, then declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11 March 2...In December 2019, a new emerging virus causing mild-to-severe pneumonia was detected in China. The virus was described as a variant of SARS-CoV and was called SARS-CoV-2, then declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11 March 2020. Millions of people contracted the virus and presented with a symptomatology of variable severity, including upper respiratory tract symptoms, systemic symptoms and diarrhea. We herein report a rare skin presentation in a 33-year-old female that occurred both during COVID-19 infection and after receiving the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine.
Jmii H, Gharbi-Khelifi H, Assaoudi R
… +1 more, Aouni M
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34659444
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The current study undertaken in Tunisia examines the use of wastewaters to monitor SARS-CoV-2 circulation. Viral genetic materials collected in wastewaters during two different periods (September-October 2020 and Februa...The current study undertaken in Tunisia examines the use of wastewaters to monitor SARS-CoV-2 circulation. Viral genetic materials collected in wastewaters during two different periods (September-October 2020 and February-April 2021) were concentrated using the adsorption-elution method. SARS-CoV-2 genes were researched by real-time PCR. During the first period of the study, viral RNA was detected in 61.11% of the analyzed samples collected from Monastir city with a rate of 88.88% for raw wastewaters and 33.33% for treated wastewaters. Then, during the second period of the study, the quantitative analysis of wastewaters collected from seven governorates showed the presence of viral RNA among around 25% of them with variable RNA loads. The increased amounts of viral RNA detected in wastewaters were accompanied by an increase in the number of COVID-19 patients in Tunisia. Our results emphasize the importance of sewage survey in SARS-CoV-2 tracking.
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34659443
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Empowered by interdisciplinary collaboration, we now have the tools to identify new viruses, contain future outbreaks and broadly understand natural processes toward a global health.Empowered by interdisciplinary collaboration, we now have the tools to identify new viruses, contain future outbreaks and broadly understand natural processes toward a global health.
Cheraghali F, Barati L, Amanian D
… +6 more, Shahkar L, Najafinejad M, Naziri H, Shahabi S, Tabarraei A, Tahamtan A
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34650617
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People in different age groups are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection as a newly emerging virus. However, the clinical course, symptoms and disease outcome vary from case to case. Although COVID-19 is usually milder in...People in different age groups are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection as a newly emerging virus. However, the clinical course, symptoms and disease outcome vary from case to case. Although COVID-19 is usually milder in children than adults, some studies reported nonspecific symptoms. Here, we report eight pediatric cases of COVID-19 admitted in the Taleghani Children Hospital in Gorgan city, north of Iran, with complicated symptoms. The current case series poses several challenges to the pediatricians regarding the pediatric cases of COVID-19. As most literature relating to adults are not always transferable to children, clinicians should be warned about such presentations among children with COVID-19.
Ayatollahi AA, Aghcheli B, Amini A
… +5 more, Nikbakht H, Ghassemzadehpirsala P, Behboudi E, Rajabi A, Tahamtan A
Future Virol
· 2021 Aug · PMID 34589135
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Many factors have been speculated to explain the COVID-19 complex clinical phenotype. Due to the inconsistent data published on blood groups and COVID-19, we conducted a study on Iranian patients to further assess this a...Many factors have been speculated to explain the COVID-19 complex clinical phenotype. Due to the inconsistent data published on blood groups and COVID-19, we conducted a study on Iranian patients to further assess this association. This retrospective study was conducted on data collected from confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized patients during March and December 2020 in a referral hospital for COVID-19, 5 Azar Hospital, Gorgan, north of Iran. A total of 1554 confirmed COVID-19 cases were enrolled in the study with blood group (ABO and Rh), demographic, and clinical data available. Of 1554 patients, 1267 and 287 cases had recovered and deceased (due to COVID-19) outcomes, respectively. Most of the cases had O+ (29.6%), the least number had AB- (0.5%), and most of the deceased cases had O+ blood types (31.4%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that groups A- and B- had higher and groups B+, AB+, O+ and O- had lower odds of death than the A+ group. This study indicates that blood types may be related to the clinical outcome of COVID-19. Further studies with a large cohort for multiple people are required to validate this association.
Cihakova D, Streiff MB, Menez SP
… +11 more, Chen TK, Gilotra NA, Michos ED, Marr KA, Karaba AH, Robinson ML, Blair PW, Dioverti MV, Post WS, Cox AL, R Antar AA
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34567235
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We present here an evidence-based review of the utility, timing, and indications for laboratory test use in the domains of inflammation, cardiology, hematology, nephrology and co-infection for clinicians managing the car...We present here an evidence-based review of the utility, timing, and indications for laboratory test use in the domains of inflammation, cardiology, hematology, nephrology and co-infection for clinicians managing the care of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Levels of IL-6, CRP, absolute lymphocyte count, neutrophils and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio obtained upon admission may help predict the severity of COVID-19. Elevated LDH, ferritin, AST, and d-dimer are associated with severe illness and mortality. Elevated cardiac troponin at hospital admission can alert clinicians to patients at risk for cardiac complications. Elevated proBNP may help distinguish a cardiac complication from noncardiac etiologies. Evaluation for co-infection is typically unnecessary in nonsevere cases but is essential in severe COVID-19, intensive care unit patients, and immunocompromised patients.
Das KM, Singh R, Subramanya S
… +4 more, Ojha SK, Almansoori T, Gokhale D, Alkoteesh JA
Future Virol
· 2021 Sep · PMID 34539810
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AIM: This study aimed to investigate whether serum biochemical parameters can be used as a surrogate for chest computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of COVID-19 in pediatric patients. MATERIALS & METHODS: We evaluate...AIM: This study aimed to investigate whether serum biochemical parameters can be used as a surrogate for chest computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of COVID-19 in pediatric patients. MATERIALS & METHODS: We evaluated potential associations between various serum biochemical markers and the COVID-reporting and data system (RADS) pneumonia grading system in 53 individuals with confirmed COVID-19. RESULTS: A total of 28 chest CT scans (52.8%) were abnormal. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 on CT showed a statistically significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase (186.4 ± 56.5 vs 228.4 ± 60.6; p = 0.01), which was significantly correlated with the COVID-RADS pneumonia grading system. CONCLUSION: Lactate dehydrogenase can be used as a surrogate marker for chest CT in children with COVID-19. This can reduce exposure to ionizing radiation during initial diagnostic procedures in children with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia.