American Journal Of Translational Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
LncRNA EWSAT1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by regulating the miR-330-5p/CPEB4 axis.
Tang CX, Xie DF, Wang XB … +4 more , Yu HM, Xing FZ, Zhao ZH, Yang T
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325763 · Full text
Ewing sarcoma-associated transcript 1 (EWSAT1) has been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but its downstream regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether EWSAT1 promotes...
Ewing sarcoma-associated transcript 1 (EWSAT1) has been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but its downstream regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether EWSAT1 promotes the malignant progression of CRC via the miR-330-5p/CPEB4 axis. The expression levels of EWSAT1, miR-330-5p, and CPEB4 in 30 pairs of CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected by qRT-PCR. The effects of siRNA-mediated EWSAT1 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated in HCT-15 and HCT-116 cells. RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to verify the interactions between EWSAT1 and miR-330-5p, as well as between miR-330-5p and the 3'-UTR of CPEB4. Additionally, qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and rescue assays (via miR-330-5p inhibition or CPEB4 overexpression) were employed to clarify the functional role of this regulatory axis. The expression levels of EWSAT1 and CPEB4 were increased, while that of miR-330-5p was decreased in CRC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Knockdown of EWSAT1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, and promoted their apoptosis. Mechanistically, EWSAT1 could directly bind to miR-330-5p, thereby alleviating the inhibitory effect of miR-330-5p on CPEB4. Inhibition of miR-330-5p or overexpression of CPEB4 could partially reverse the suppression of malignant phenotypes induced by EWSAT1 knockdown. Furthermore, high CPEB4 expression was associated with poorer survival outcomes in CRC patients. In conclusion, EWSAT1 promotes the malignant phenotypes of CRC cells by regulating the miR-330-5p/CPEB4 axis. This molecular axis may provide new insights into the mechanisms of CRC progression and potential targeted interventions.
Genetic analysis of TGFBI variants in the Taiwanese population: from granular corneal dystrophy type 1 to a broader phenotypic spectrum.
Han YS, Wu YF, Chen YL … +1 more , Hung DK
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325762 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: Granular corneal dystrophy type 1 (GCD1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary corneal disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the TGFBI gene. However, the population distribution of TGFBI (Transforming Growt...
OBJECTIVES: Granular corneal dystrophy type 1 (GCD1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary corneal disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the TGFBI gene. However, the population distribution of TGFBI (Transforming Growth Factor Beta Induced) variants in Taiwan remains incompletely characterized. This study aimed to investigate the spectrum and population frequency of coding variants in TGFBI within the Taiwanese population using genomic data from the Taiwan Biobank. METHODS: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) data from Taiwan Biobank participants were analyzed to identify exonic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) causing coding sequence alterations in the TGFBI gene. Allele frequencies were estimated and compared against probe-based SNP array data and East Asian population reference data from the 1000 Genomes Project. Phenotypic information was obtained from self-reported questionnaire data available within the Taiwan Biobank. RESULTS: A total of 22 exonic SNPs causing coding sequence alterations were identified in TGFBI. One variant, rs121909212 (p.P501T) was observed at a notably higher allele frequency (0.003) compared to other identified variants. The estimated allele frequency of rs121909212 in the Taiwanese population was approximately 0.003, which is comparable to the frequency reported in the Japanese population. Furthermore, WGS-based allele frequency estimates showed greater consistency with reference population data than SNP array-based genotyping. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide a population-level overview of TGFBI coding variation in the Taiwanese population and identify rs121909212 as a rare variant prevalent in East Asian populations. The study also highlights the utility of WGS for accurately characterizing rare pathogenic variants in population-scale genomic datasets.
A clinical study of the CALLY index and HALP score for evaluating response to FOLFOX in colorectal cancer with lung metastases.
Wang L, Yan X, Luan J … +4 more , Yang X, Wang C, Li T, Wen H
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325761 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the predictive value of the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index and the hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) score for chemotherapy response and survival outcomes in color...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the predictive value of the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index and the hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) score for chemotherapy response and survival outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with pulmonary metastases treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy. METHODS: This retrospective study included CRC patients with lung metastases who received first-line FOLFOX-based chemotherapy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine optimal cutoff values for CALLY and HALP in predicting objective response. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with objective response. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models. Combined risk stratification based on CALLY and HALP was further evaluated. RESULTS: Both CALLY and HALP scores were significantly higher in patients achieving objective response than those in non-responders. In multivariable logistic regression, CALLY and HALP were independent protective factors for objective response. Survival analyses demonstrated that low CALLY and low HALP were associated with significantly shorter PFS and OS. In multivariable Cox analyses, HALP remained an independent predictor for both PFS and OS, whereas CALLY was independently associated with PFS and showed a borderline association with OS. Combined stratification based on CALLY and HALP further improved prognostic discrimination. Time-dependent ROC analysis showed that the combined score achieved the highest predictive accuracy at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: CALLY and HALP scores are effective predictors of chemotherapy response and survival in CRC patients with pulmonary metastases receiving FOLFOX. Their combined application enhances risk stratification and may assist in individualized treatment decision-making.
LncRNA CDIPTOSP-induced destabilization of KLF17 promotes ovarian cancer progression through STAU1-mediated mRNA decay.
Tong R, Yu X, Xu B … +5 more , Wu T, Liu M, Shen C, Xu X, Xia F
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325760 · Full text
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies, largely due to its poorly understood pathogenesis, which limits the development of effective early detection and targeted therapy. This study w...
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies, largely due to its poorly understood pathogenesis, which limits the development of effective early detection and targeted therapy. This study was designed to explore the potential role of the long non-coding RNA CDIPTOSP in OC progression. We observed high expression of CDIPTOSP in OC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of CDIPTOSP impeded the proliferation and migration of OC cells. Using the RNA pull-down-Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach, we found that CDIPTOSP bound staufen double-stranded RNA binding protein 1 (STAU1). In turn, CDIPTOSP-STAU1 interactions were essential for KLF transcription factor 17 (KLF17) mRNA destabilization. Notably, depletion of KLF17 could rescue the tumor-suppressive effects caused by CDIPTOSP knockdown, whereas overexpression of KLF17 abolished the tumor-promoting effects induced by overexpressing CDIPTOSP. In conclusion, our study provided the first evidence of the CDIPTOSP/STAU1/KLF17 axis in the regulation of OC progression.
Application of I-MIBG imaging in assessing renal sympathetic overdrive in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
Yang Z, Li Y, Yin P … +5 more , Zhao Q, Zhen Y, Liu R, Li L, Liu C
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325759 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively assess cardiac and renal sympathetic nerve activity using I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging, in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) diagnosed via left...
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively assess cardiac and renal sympathetic nerve activity using I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging, in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) diagnosed via left heart catheterization, compared with matched controls. METHODS: The study enrolled 18 HFpEF patients (diagnosed via left heart catheterization for exertional dyspnea as the test group) and 10 matched controls. All subjects underwent cardiac and renal I-MIBG imaging. We measured early (15 min, reflecting nerve density/uptake) and delayed (4 h, reflecting neurotransmitter storage/turnover) kidney-to-mediastinum (K/M) and heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratios, as well as washout rates (WR). RESULTS: Invasive hemodynamic measurements showed elevated mean left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (mLVEDP) in the test group [21 (18, 24) mmHg vs. 7.5 (5, 8) mmHg, < 0.05]. Notably, I-MIBG imaging indicated significantly higher renal sympathetic activation in the test group during both the early and delayed phases (K/M15min: 10.5 ± 2.5 vs. 3.7 ± 0.45 and K/M4h: 8.1 ± 3.3 vs. 4.6 ± 0.3, < 0.05), the former being approximately two to three times greater than the latter. This hypersympathetic state significantly paralleled the elevation in LAD and mLVEDP (P < 0.05), indicating a direct link between renal neuro-overactivity and cardiac diastolic impairment. CONCLUSIONS: I-MIBG imaging successfully quantifies renal-cardiac sympathetic crosstalk in HFpEF. The markedly elevated K/M ratios demonstrate that renal sympathetic overactivity is a core driver of hemodynamic congestion in these patients. Clinically, this technique may serve as a powerful non-invasive biomarker to identify candidates for sympatho-inhibitory therapies and provides a precise tool for monitoring therapeutic efficacy in HFpEF management.
Effects of dexmedetomidine on the prevention of nausea and vomiting in children after upper limb fracture surgery.
Zhang J, He H
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325758 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children undergoing upper limb fracture surgery. METHODS: A total of 82 children undergoing upper l...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children undergoing upper limb fracture surgery. METHODS: A total of 82 children undergoing upper limb fracture surgery were divided into either a control group, which received general anesthesia plus brachial plexus block, or a study group, which received additional dexmedetomidine. The incidence of nausea and vomiting, postoperative agitation, perioperative hemodynamic parameters, stress-related indicators, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, and perioperative conditions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The incidences of nausea and vomiting, postoperative agitation, and the postoperative VAS scores were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. Compared with baseline values at T0, the levels of malondialdehyde, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol increased in both groups; however, these increases were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. In addition, the onset time of anesthesia, awakening time, and post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay were all shorter in the study group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The use of dexmedetomidine in children undergoing upper limb fracture surgery can attenuate perioperative hemodynamic fluctuations and stress reactions, alleviate postoperative pain, shorten awakening time, and reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Clinical efficacy of arthroscopic microfracture combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
Xu H, Ding Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325757 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic microfracture combined with sodium hyaluronate for knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 113 patients diagnosed and treated at Nantong...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic microfracture combined with sodium hyaluronate for knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 113 patients diagnosed and treated at Nantong Haimen People's Hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were divided into a control group (n=55) and a treatment group (n=58) based on their treatment method. Patients in the control group received only arthroscopic microfracture, while patients in the treatment group received arthroscopic microfracture combined with sodium hyaluronate. Clinical efficacy, relevant scale scores, inflammation levels, metabolic markers, and complication rates were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS: The treatment group had a higher success rate than the control group; lower scores on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Visual Analogue Scale; higher scores on the Liskov Knee Score and Mini-Health Questionnaire; and a lower complication rate (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic microfracture combined with sodium hyaluronate is more effective in treating knee osteoarthritis. This combined treatment regimen can better promote the recovery of knee joint function, thereby improving patients' quality of life. In addition, this treatment regimen has a high safety profile and is considered a promising, feasible, and easily promoted treatment method for the future.
Traumatic elbow stiffness: pathogenic spectrum and comparative outcomes of minimally invasive versus open release surgery.
Tian Y, Zhang Z, Liu P … +2 more , Geng Y, Yu Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325756 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To identify the predominant pathogenic factors in traumatic elbow stiffness (TES) and to compare functional outcomes between minimally invasive and open release surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 12...
OBJECTIVE: To identify the predominant pathogenic factors in traumatic elbow stiffness (TES) and to compare functional outcomes between minimally invasive and open release surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 120 patients with TES who were admitted to the HEBEI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY THIRD HOSPITAL between June 2023 and December 2025. Of these, 60 underwent minimally invasive release surgery and 60 underwent open release surgery. Pathogenic causes were determined via preoperative imaging and intraoperative findings. Range of motion (ROM), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), and SF-36 were assessed preoperatively and at 6 months. RESULTS: Ligamentous contracture (91.7%) and heterotopic ossification (80.0%) were the two most common pathologies. The minimally invasive group achieved significantly higher total effectiveness rate (95.0% vs. 83.3%, χ = 12.818, P = 0.002), greater gains in extension (Δ34.93° vs. Δ25.41°) and flexion (Δ42.23° vs. Δ22.13°) (both P<0.001), and superior MEPS and SF-36 scores (all P<0.001). Multivariable regression analysis confirmed that surgical approach was an independent predictor of both MEPS total score (β = -9.17, P<0.001) and good clinical outcome (OR = 0.18, P = 0.031). CONCLUSION: Ligamentous contracture and heterotopic ossification constitute the main treatable targets in TES. Compared with open release surgery, minimally invasive surgery yields better early functional recovery, likely due to reduced iatrogenic trauma and faster rehabilitation. These findings support minimally invasive release surgery as a preferred option for appropriate TES candidates.
Efficacy and safety of nintedanib combined with pirfenidone versus monotherapy in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Xu S, Li L, Lu W … +1 more , Liu R
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325755 · Full text
This systematic review and meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261306598) and conducted following PRISMA guidelines, evaluates the efficacy and safety of nintedanib combined with pirfenidone versus monotherapy i...
This systematic review and meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261306598) and conducted following PRISMA guidelines, evaluates the efficacy and safety of nintedanib combined with pirfenidone versus monotherapy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) were searched from inception to January 15, 2026. Eleven studies comprising 629 unique patients were included. For efficacy, the combination therapy group showed a trend toward reduced monthly forced vital capacity (FVC) decline (mean difference [MD]=8.50 mL, 95% CI: -1.18 to 18.18, P=0.085), which became significant after excluding a small-sample study (MD=11.76 mL, 95% CI: 4.71 to 18.81, P<0.05). The 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) significantly improved with combination therapy (MD=21.81 m, 95% CI: 4.84 to 38.77, P=0.012). For safety, no significant differences were found between groups in gastrointestinal adverse reactions (risk ratio [RR]=0.67, 95% CI: 0.26 to 1.70), treatment discontinuation (RR=1.23, 95% CI: 0.41 to 3.73), or serious adverse events (SAEs) (RR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.24 to 3.65). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed result robustness. In conclusion, nintedanib combined with pirfenidone may offer additional benefits in preserving lung function and improving exercise capacity in IPF patients without compromising safety, supporting its consideration as a therapeutic strategy.
Application and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine for antitumor treatment.
Yao Y, Ma J, Dai H … +2 more , Zhang Q, Zhang H
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325754 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To provide a comprehensive overview of the antitumor mechanisms of () extract and offer insights for future research in this field. METHODS: The antitumor activity of was investigated using a combination of...
OBJECTIVES: To provide a comprehensive overview of the antitumor mechanisms of () extract and offer insights for future research in this field. METHODS: The antitumor activity of was investigated using a combination of network pharmacology, cellular assays, and animal models. RESULTS: The antitumor effects of are likely mediated through multiple mechanisms, including cytotoxicity, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, suppression of tumor angiogenesis, prevention of tumor invasion and metastasis, modulation of immune responses, and synergistic interactions with conventional antitumor drugs. CONCLUSIONS: exhibits a complex chemical composition and exerts antitumor effects through diverse mechanisms. However, the precise molecular pathways underlying these effects remain insufficiently understood. Despite increasing interest in its antitumor therapeutic potential, further systematic studies are needed to elucidate its mechanisms and validate its antitumor efficacy.
GM-CSF and IL-1α secreted by cryopreserved porcine skin promote angiogenesis in burn wounds by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
Liu Y, Zuo H, Shao Y … +3 more , Gao C, Liu X, Song G
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325753 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Cryopreserved porcine skin (CPS) is widely applied in skin grafting for burns. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of CPS on burn wound healing. METHODS: Cryopreserved...
OBJECTIVE: Cryopreserved porcine skin (CPS) is widely applied in skin grafting for burns. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of CPS on burn wound healing. METHODS: Cryopreserved porcine skins were acquired. Guinea pig burn models were established and grafted with thawed-CPS. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in CPS-conditioned medium. Histological structure was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Protein levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot, and immunohistochemistry. HUVECs proliferation was evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. The invasion and migration of HUVECs were analyzed via Transwell assay. Tube formation was also assessed. RESULTS: CPS maintained its structural integrity and cellular viability, with lower antigenicity compared with fresh porcine skin. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) secreted by CPS were detected in the CPS-grafted burned tissue. Moreover, CPS grafting accelerated wound healing and angiogenesis in burned guinea pigs. In vitro, CPS-conditioned medium enhanced the proliferation, invasion, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs, as well as activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Neutralizing antibodies against GM-CSF and IL-1α synergistically reversed the pro-angiogenic effects of CPS in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, JAK2 inhibitor AG490 abolished the enhanced proliferation, invasion, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs induced by CPS-conditioned medium. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that CPS-secreted GM-CSF and IL-1α promoted angiogenesis in burn tissue by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, thereby revealing an active therapeutic role of CPS for burn wound healing and offering theoretical support for its clinical application.
Bioinformatics and experimental analysis identify CHN2 and MEF2C as diagnostic biomarkers for tuberculosis.
Wu J, Wen Y, Huang S
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325752 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) are crucial for controlling its spread. This study aimed to identify potential pathogenic mechanisms and biomarkers for differentiating active pul...
OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) are crucial for controlling its spread. This study aimed to identify potential pathogenic mechanisms and biomarkers for differentiating active pulmonary TB (PTB) and latent TB (LTB). METHODS: Microarray expression profiles (GSE19439, GSE19442, GSE19444) were retrieved from the GEO database, integrated, and normalized. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by comparing the PTB, LTB, and control groups. Functional enrichment analysis was performed, and potential biomarkers were identified using LASSO regression model, nomogram, and ROC curve analysis. Key candidate genes were further verified in a THP-1-derived macrophage infection system using qRT-PCR, Western blotting and biological assays. RESULTS: A total of 4044 PTB-associated and 312 LTB-associated DEGs were identified. PTB-associated genes were significantly enriched in viral transcription and NF-κB signaling pathways, whereas LTB-related genes were associated with cellular protective responses and NK cell-mediated cytolysis. Through the 18-gene PTB panel and the 39-gene LTB panel, 13 potential biomarkers were identified, along with 12 genes validated for the second time. Experimental validation confirmed that Chimerin 2 (CHN2) is highly expressed in the PTB model and induces inflammatory responses; However, myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) is upregulated in the LTB model and contributes to immune regulation. CHN2 may serve as a primary biomarker for PTB, while LOC653809 and MEF2C may be potential biomarkers for LTB. CONCLUSION: Integrated bioinformatics and experimental analyses revealed distinct molecular profiles between PTB and LTB. The diagnostic models performed well, and candidate genes, particularly CHN2 and MEF2C, show promise as potential biomarkers for differential TB diagnosis.
Retrospective analysis and prediction model for vascular and nerve injuries in elderly patients following total knee arthroplasty.
Ning B, Chen Q, Song Y … +3 more , Shi S, Ren X, Li J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325751 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with vascular and nerve injury following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in elderly patients and to develop, as well as validate, a corresponding predi...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with vascular and nerve injury following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in elderly patients and to develop, as well as validate, a corresponding predictive model. METHODS: A cohort of 380 elderly patients who underwent TKA at Weifang People's Hospital was included. Participants were categorized into a vascular/nerve injury group (n=34) and a non-injury group (n=346). The incidence of postoperative vascular or nerve injury was documented. Risk factors were identified using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The model's discrimination and calibration were assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test, respectively. RESULTS: The incidence of vascular and nerve injury after TKA was 8.95%. Multivariate analysis identified the following independent risk factors: deformity correction ≥20° (OR=20.063, P<0.001), knee valgus ≥12° (OR=7.717, P=0.004), tourniquet time ≥2 h (OR=5.451, P=0.038), epidural anesthesia (OR=7.525, P=0.003), preoperative neuropathy (OR=24.906, P<0.001), and improper use of double-click electrocoagulation (OR=6.175, P=0.013). The H-L test indicated good calibration of the predictive model (P>0.05). The model's AUC was 0.806, with a sensitivity of 79.47% and specificity of 75.39%. CONCLUSION: In elderly patients undergoing TKA, close attention should be paid to several risk factors, including significant deformity correction (≥20°), knee valgus (≥12°), preoperative neuropathy, improper use of double-click electrocoagulation, epidural anesthesia, and prolonged tourniquet application (≥2 h). These factors are associated with an increased risk of vascular and nerve injury.
Development of a risk prediction model for catheter-related bloodstream infection in hemodialysis patients based on identified risk factors.
Jia X, Gao H, Lu J … +6 more , Zhu X, Ma X, He J, Jia L, Huang X, Cao W
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325750 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors for catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in patients with deep vein indwelling hemodialysis catheters and construct a corresponding risk prediction model. METHODS: Data we...
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors for catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in patients with deep vein indwelling hemodialysis catheters and construct a corresponding risk prediction model. METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected from 154 patients who underwent temporary hemodialysis via an indwelling central venous catheter (CVC) between January 2023 and December 2024. One hundred patients who received hemodialysis via a Gracz arteriovenous fistula during the same period were also selected to analyze the impact of the dialysis method. Additionally, 58 maintenance hemodialysis patients with CVCs admitted from January to December 2022 were enrolled as a validation group. The incidence of CVC-related bloodstream infections was recorded. The risk factors of deep venous CRBSI were determined by multivariate Logistic regression analysis, and the risk prediction model was constructed and verified. RESULTS: Univariate analysis identified diabetes mellitus, catheter indwelling time, femoral vein catheterization, age, and serum albumin level as significant influencing factors for CVC-associated bloodstream infection (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that diabetes mellitus, prolonged indwelling time, and femoral vein placement were independent risk factors for CRBSI in maintenance hemodialysis patients (P < 0.05). The ROC curve for the constructed risk prediction model showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.783. The overall prediction accuracy of the model was 90.00%. CONCLUSION: Diabetes mellitus, prolonged catheter indwelling time, and femoral vein catheterization are independent risk factors for CRBSI in maintenance hemodialysis patients. The developed risk prediction model demonstrates good predictive performance.
Effects on hemodynamics of SEEK-guided intubation for cervical spine surgery.
Sheng R, Jin S, Wang C … +8 more , Zhou M, Zhang W, Yang F, Liu Y, Xu W, Zhang K, Hu Y, Zou Z
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325749 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the hemodynamic effects of Safe Easy Endotracheal Kit-flexible (SEEK)-guided intubation in patients undergoing cervical spine surgery. METHODS: The post hoc analysis was based on a completed rando...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the hemodynamic effects of Safe Easy Endotracheal Kit-flexible (SEEK)-guided intubation in patients undergoing cervical spine surgery. METHODS: The post hoc analysis was based on a completed randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing SEEK versus stylet-assisted intubation under videolaryngoscopy. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at baseline (T0), pre-induction (T1), pre-intubation (T2), and 1 min post-intubation (T3). RESULTS: A total of 128 patients was enrolled in the post hoc analysis. One minute after intubation, systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the SEEK group was 10.9 mmHg lower than that in the stylet group (124.8 mmHg vs. 135.7 mmHg, = 0.007). Patients in the SEEK group exhibited a significantly smaller increase in SBP (12.7 mmHg vs. 28.2 mmHg, < 0.001), and the proportion of patients in the SEEK group experiencing a greater than 30% increase in SBP was significantly lower in the SEEK group than in the stylet group (20.6% vs. 40.0%, = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: SEEK significantly reduced hemodynamic fluctuations during intubation in cervical spine surgery.
Perioperative gut microbiota homeostasis and its interactions with anesthetic agents: recent advances.
Liu X, Xu Y, Yu J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325748 · Full text
The perioperative period is a critical and acute phase during which host-microbiota interactions play an essential role in determining susceptibility to anesthetic exposure and post-surgical stress. Immune homeostasis, g...
The perioperative period is a critical and acute phase during which host-microbiota interactions play an essential role in determining susceptibility to anesthetic exposure and post-surgical stress. Immune homeostasis, gut barrier integrity, and metabolic regulation, as well as gut-brain and gut-liver axis, are highly dependent on the gut microbiota. However, this microbial ecosystem is disrupted during the perioperative period due to the combined effects of fasting, bowel preparation, surgical stress, hemodynamic alterations, and antibiotic and opioid use. Growing evidence has linked perioperative dysbiosis to a wide range of adverse outcomes, including infectious complications, anastomotic leakage, postoperative ileus, organ dysfunction, and perioperative neurocognitive disorders. Meanwhile, anesthetic and analgesic agents do not act in isolation from this ecosystem; rather, they engage in a bidirectional chemical interaction with the microbiota. These interactions can alter microbial structure and metabolite profiles, thereby influencing host metabolic processes, while microbial activity, in turn, affects drug disposition, immune response, and neuroinflammation. In this review, we first describe the vulnerability of gut microbiota homeostasis during the perioperative period and its associated clinical consequences. We subsequently elaborate on the mechanistic framework of anesthetic-microbiota crosstalk, highlighting pathways involving vascular, epithelial, immune and neural signaling. Then, we summarize emerging evidence demonstrating that different anesthetic and analgesic regimens generate discrete microbiota-metabolite signatures, which may underlie intersubject differences in postoperative recovery trajectories. Finally, we describe perioperative microbiota-targeted strategies, including probiotics and synbiotics, postbiotics and microbial consortia, nutritional optimization, and microbiome-based customization of anesthetic and analgesic protocols. Collectively, existing data suggest that preserving and actively modulating gut microbiota homeostasis represents a promising yet underexplored strategy for improving the safety of anesthesia and postoperative outcomes.
effectively protects neuronal function in severe traumatic brain injury in rats by suppressing systemic inflammation.
Tu Y, Wang Z, Han D … +3 more , Liu Y, Hong D, Niu F
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325747 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing public health concern with a high mortality rate. Our previous study identified L9 (LP) as a promising neuroprotective agent. This study aimed to investigate the cha...
OBJECTIVES: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing public health concern with a high mortality rate. Our previous study identified L9 (LP) as a promising neuroprotective agent. This study aimed to investigate the changes in neural function and gut barrier function in TBI rats after LP intervention and elucidate its protective role and mechanism in TBI. METHODS: A rat model of severe TBI was established based on weight loss. Neurological function score, immunofluorescence staining of NeuN, Iba-1, and CD68 cells in brain tissue, dry-wet weight method for brain water content, Evans blue for blood-brain barrier permeability, real-time qPCR for occludin, Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1), intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (Myd88) expression in brain and intestinal tissue, and ELISA for inflammatory factors, LPS, and flagellin expression were evaluated at 1, 3, and 7 days post-injury. RESULTS: LP administration significantly improved behavioral performance on days 3 and 7 post-TBI, increased NeuN cells, decreased Iba-1 and CD68 cells, reduced brain edema, decreased Evans blue content, enhanced tight junction proteins in the damaged cortex, and reduced inflammatory factor expression. In the intestine, LP intervention improved villus height and crypt depth, upregulated occludin and ZO-1 mRNA expression, downregulated ICAM-1, and reduced the serum levels of D-Lac and LPS. In addition, the LP group exhibited lower TLR4 and Myd88 expression levels in the brain. CONCLUSIONS: LP protects against TBI-induced neuronal dysfunction by restoring the gut barrier, suppressing systemic inflammation, and inhibiting cortical TLR4/Myd88, supporting its potential as an adjuvant therapy.
Effect of early application of a skin surface closure device combined with pulsed dye laser on the morphologic characteristics and clinical symptoms of tension scars on the backs of children.
Li X, Liu Z, Gao Y … +2 more , Tian F, Xue N
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325746 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: Pediatric dorsal linear scars under high tension often lead to suboptimal outcomes. This study evaluated the efficacy of early mechanical offloading combined with pulsed dye laser (PDL) for these scars. METHO...
OBJECTIVES: Pediatric dorsal linear scars under high tension often lead to suboptimal outcomes. This study evaluated the efficacy of early mechanical offloading combined with pulsed dye laser (PDL) for these scars. METHODS: This retrospective cohort included 245 children (6-14 years) treated from January 2021 to September 2024. Patients were grouped into the Early Intervention with Surface Skin Closer and Pulsed Dye Laser (EI-SSC+PDL) and the Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment with Standard Scar Care (PDL-SSC). Scar morphology, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score, symptom scores, observer assessment, and parental satisfaction were compared at 6 months. RESULTS: The EI-SSC+PDL group (n=126) showed superior outcomes versus the PDL-SSC group (n=119): significantly reduced scar width (7.48 ± 0.48 mm vs. 7.71 ± 0.57 mm, P<0.001) and lower total VSS score (2.69 ± 1.34 vs. 3.12 ± 1.62, P=0.026). Symptom relief was greater (abnormal sensation: 1.24 ± 0.61 vs. 2.13 ± 0.96, P<0.001). Observer Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale scores were lower (28.62 ± 5.72 vs. 31.03 ± 6.55, P=0.002) and parental satisfaction was higher (P=0.026) in the EI-SSC+PDL group. CONCLUSIONS: Early combined mechanical offloading and PDL therapy is associated with greater improvement in pediatric dorsal tension scars compared to PDL with standard care.
Effect of -derived exosomes on the cariogenicity of .
Jiang D, Liang Y
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325745 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of exosomes derived from (L.s-Exo) on the cariogenic potential of () and the underlying metabolic mechanism. METHODS: L.s-Exo were isolated by ultracentrifugation a...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of exosomes derived from (L.s-Exo) on the cariogenic potential of () and the underlying metabolic mechanism. METHODS: L.s-Exo were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized using TEM, NTA, and western blot. metabolites after L.s-Exo treatment were profiled by GC-MS, and differential pathways were annotated using KEGG. Cariogenic-related phenotypes and acid-stress responses were measured. RESULTS: L.s-Exo displayed exosomal characteristics. Metabolomics revealed widespread metabolic perturbations. L.s-Exo impaired acid tolerance, increased ion leakage, suppressed acid production and glycolytic rate, reduced water-soluble/insoluble EPS, and inhibited biofilm formation. Under acid stress, L.s-Exo elevated proton permeability and decreased cell dry weight, H-ATPase activity, and intracellular Pi, accompanied by downregulation of key virulence and glycolysis/acid-production genes. CONCLUSION: L.s-Exo inhibits cariogenicity by disrupting metabolic networks and suppressing key virulence gene expression, supporting its use as an anti-caries agent.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting grade 4 neutropenia in patients with breast cancer undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy.
Shi J, Zhao F, Qiu T … +4 more , Huang S, Li Y, Ma J, Zhao J
Am J Transl Res · 2026 · PMID 42325744 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Grade 4 neutropenia is a severe toxicity associated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical prediction model for this adverse...
BACKGROUND: Grade 4 neutropenia is a severe toxicity associated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical prediction model for this adverse event during the first cycle of anthracycline-based chemotherapy. METHODS: In this multicenter retrospective study, female patients with breast cancer who received their first cycle of anthracycline-based chemotherapy between January 2017 and December 2023 were included. Patients were randomly assigned into training and internal validation cohorts in a 2:1 ratio. An independent external validation cohort comprised patients treated between January 2024 and December 2025. Predictors were selected using multivariable logistic regression with a backward stepwise approach, and a nomogram was constructed. Model performance was assessed in terms of discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: A total of 672 patients were analyzed, with 518 in the training and internal validation cohort and 154 in the external validation cohort. Four independent predictors of grade 4 neutropenia were identified: age, body mass index (BMI), Ki67 index, and chemotherapy regimen. The model achieved area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.757, 0.759, and 0.731 in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively, demonstrating good discriminative ability. Calibration plots demonstrated satisfactory agreement between predicted and observed risks across all cohorts, and DCA confirmed the clinical utility of the model. CONCLUSION: We developed and externally validated a robust nomogram for predicting grade 4 neutropenia in patients with breast cancer undergoing their first cycle of anthracycline-based chemotherapy. This user-friendly tool may assist clinicians in identifying high-risk patients prior to treatment initiation, enabling timely preventive intervention.
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