Endocrine Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Pancreatic β-Cells, Diabetes and Autophagy.
Ou Y, Zhao YL, Su H
Endocr Res · 2025 Feb · PMID 39429147 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Pancreatic β-cells play a critical role in regulating plasma insulin levels and glucose metabolism balance, with their dysfunction being a key factor in the progression of diabetes. This review aims to explore t...
PURPOSE: Pancreatic β-cells play a critical role in regulating plasma insulin levels and glucose metabolism balance, with their dysfunction being a key factor in the progression of diabetes. This review aims to explore the role of autophagy, a vital cellular self-maintenance process, in preserving pancreatic β-cell functionality and its implications in diabetes pathogenesis. METHODS: We examine the current literature on the role of autophagy in β-cells, highlighting its function in maintaining cell structure, quantity, and function. The review also discusses the effects of both excessive and insufficient autophagy on β-cell dysfunction and glucose metabolism imbalance. Furthermore, we discuss potential therapeutic agents that modulate the autophagy pathway to influence β-cell function, providing insights into therapeutic strategies for diabetes management. RESULTS: Autophagy acts as a self-protective mechanism within pancreatic β-cells, clearing damaged organelles and proteins to maintain cellular stability. Abnormal autophagy activity, either overactive or deficient, can disrupt β-cell function and glucose regulation, contributing to diabetes progression. CONCLUSION: Autophagy plays a pivotal role in maintaining pancreatic β-cell function, and its dysregulation is implicated in the development of diabetes. Targeting the autophagy pathway offers potential therapeutic strategies for diabetes management, with agents that modulate autophagy showing promise in preserving β-cell function.
Sporadic and Familial Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Single Center Study on Presentation and Outcome.
Prinzi A, Vella V, Bosco A … +7 more , Mirone A, Russo M, Piticchio T, Di Benedetto G, Bartoloni G, Frasca F, Malandrino P
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 39419111 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) is a neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the thyroid C-cells. Most cases are sporadic (sMTC) while, approximately 25%, are hereditary (hMTC) due to germline mutations of RE...
BACKGROUND: Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) is a neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the thyroid C-cells. Most cases are sporadic (sMTC) while, approximately 25%, are hereditary (hMTC) due to germline mutations of REarranged during Transfection (RET) gene mutations and manifest in the framework of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2A or 2B, or as pure familial MTC syndrome (FMTC). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, histopathological, biochemical and outcome differences between sMTC and hMTC. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of 102 patients with histologically proven MTC diagnosed in the period between 2000 and 2022. For the analysis patients with MTC diagnosed during screening through genetic test were excluded. RESULTS: Patients with hMTC had higher incidence of multifocal and bilateral MTC and younger age at diagnosis. We did not found differences on tumor stage at diagnosis between sMTC and hMTC, such as time to progression and rate of persistent and recurrent disease. At univariate analysis, factors associated with persistent and recurrent disease during follow-up in patients with sMTC were tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, presence of lymph node metastases at diagnosis, pre- and post-operative calcitonin, post-operative CEA; in patients with hMTC, features associated with persistent and recurrent disease were lymph node metastases, post-operative calcitonin and pre- and post-operative CEA values. CONCLUSION: Patients with hMTC and sMTC had similar histopathological characteristics and clinical outcome.
Antithyroid Antibodies and Reproductive Parameters of Women with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.
de Souza RSX, Quintino-Moro A, Zantut-Wittmann DE … +1 more , Fernandes A
Endocr Res · 2025 Feb · PMID 39320966 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES/INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the presence and concentration of antithyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and antithyroglobulin (TGAb) antibodies at the onset of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) and their association with diseas...
OBJECTIVES/INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the presence and concentration of antithyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and antithyroglobulin (TGAb) antibodies at the onset of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) and their association with disease characteristics and reproductive parameters before and after diagnosis. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with 65 women with HT followed in an outpatient clinic. The data was collected by interviews and review of medical records. The variables were characteristics of the disease; TPOAb and TGAb measurements; pregnancies; live children; premature births; pregnancy losses and infertility. We used the chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, the Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman correlation. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 38 (SD ± 11.1) years and the duration of the disease was 7.5 (SD ± 5.3) years; 46% of the women reported infertility periods. 59/65 (90.7%) women had TPOAb and 42 (64.6%) had TGAb antibodies. Comparison between the groups with and without TPOAb or TGAb showed no differences between all variables studied. We found positive correlations between TPOAb concentration and preterm births and thyroid volume; and TGAb concentration was positively correlated with age. CONCLUSION: The presence of autoantibodies did not influence reproductive parameters; TPOAb concentration was correlated with premature births and thyroid volume.
Adverse Events of Adjuvant Mitotane Treatment for Adrenocortical Carcinoma.
Vodanović ID, Barač Nekić A, Šambula L … +3 more , Zibar Tomšić K, Dušek T, Kaštelan D
Endocr Res · 2025 Feb · PMID 39277812 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Mitotane is the cornerstone of adjuvant adrenocortical cancer (ACC) treatment. However, its use is burdened with frequent adverse events. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of adverse events was performed in 2...
BACKGROUND: Mitotane is the cornerstone of adjuvant adrenocortical cancer (ACC) treatment. However, its use is burdened with frequent adverse events. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of adverse events was performed in 26 ACC patients adjuvantly treated with mitotane. RESULTS: Mitotane toxicity was present in all patients (100%). Two (7.7%) patients developed 1-3 adverse events, 15 (57.7%) experienced 4-6 adverse events and 9 (34.6%) patients had more than 6 adverse events. Two (7.7%) patients discontinued mitotane due to adverse events. CONCLUSION: Careful monitoring and timely management are essential for ensuring mitotane treatment adherence and maximizing its benefits.
Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Recurrent Adrenocortical Carcinoma.
Dojcinovic T, Tomsic KZ, Vodanovic ID … +8 more , Dusek T, Kraljevic I, Nekic AB, Polovina TS, Knezevic N, Alduk AM, Golubic ZA, Kastelan D
Endocr Res · 2025 Feb · PMID 39221851 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: While numerous studies have explored treatment outcomes for the overall ACC patient cohort, data on the subpopulation of patients with recurrent disease are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to as...
BACKGROUND: While numerous studies have explored treatment outcomes for the overall ACC patient cohort, data on the subpopulation of patients with recurrent disease are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess treatment outcomes in patients with recurrent ACC. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we included 18 patients median age 49 years (42-62); 67% female) diagnosed with recurrent ENSAT stage I-III ACC who underwent either R0 ( = 16) or Rx ( = 2) surgical resection of the tumor. RESULTS: The median time from the initial surgery to ACC recurrence was 29 months (IQR 18-50). Seven patients (39%) manifested local recurrence, while 11 patients (61%) developed distant metastases. The median follow-up duration after tumor recurrence was 32 months (IQR 25-53). Regarding the treatment of ACC recurrence, 10 patients underwent a second surgery either as an alone procedure ( = 4), or in combination with mitotane ( = 4), mitotane and chemotherapy ( = 1), or mitotane combined with radiotherapy ( = 1). The remaining patients received treatment involving chemotherapy±mitotane ( = 4) and locoregional therapy ±chemotherapy ( = 3). One patient chose not to proceed with further management and follow-up. The median PFS was 17 (95% CI 8-26) months while the median OS was not reached. In the multivariate model, increased mortality was associated with advanced age ( = 0.04) and a shorter interval to ACC recurrence ( = 0.03). CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of patients with ACC recurrence experience disease progression or second recurrence, despite all treatment efforts. Nevertheless, by integrating diverse treatment modalities, many patients have the potential to attain long-term survival.
Monogenic Diabetes: A Comprehensive Overview and Therapeutic Management of Subtypes of Mody.
Sharma M, Maurya K, Nautiyal A … +1 more , Chitme HR
Endocr Res · 2025 Feb · PMID 39106207 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Monogenic diabetes often occurs as a result of single-gene mutations. The illness is minimally affected by environmental and behavioral factors, and it constitutes around one to five percent of all cases of d...
BACKGROUND: Monogenic diabetes often occurs as a result of single-gene mutations. The illness is minimally affected by environmental and behavioral factors, and it constitutes around one to five percent of all cases of diabetes. METHODS: Newborn diabetes mellitus (NDM) and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) are the predominant causes of monogenic diabetes, accounting for a larger proportion of cases, while syndromic diabetes represents a smaller percentage. MODY, a group of inherited non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus disorders, is quite common. However, it remains frequently misdiagnosed despite increasing public awareness. The condition is characterized by insulin resistance, the development of diabetes at a young age (before 25 years), mild high blood sugar levels, inheritance in an autosomal dominant pattern, and the preservation of natural insulin production. RESULTS: Currently, there are 14 distinct subtypes of MODY that have been identified. Each subtype possesses distinct characteristics in terms of their frequency, clinical symptoms, severity of diabetes, related complications, and response to medicinal interventions. Due to the clinical similarities, lack of awareness, and high expense of genetic testing, distinguishing between type I (T1D) and type II diabetes mellitus (T2D) can be challenging, resulting in misdiagnosis of this type of diabetes. As a consequence, a significant number of individuals are being deprived of adequate medical attention. Accurate diagnosis enables the utilization of novel therapeutic strategies and enhances the management of therapy in comparison to type II and type I diabetes. CONCLUSION: This article offers a concise overview of the clinical subtypes and characteristics of monogenic diabetes. Furthermore, this article discusses the various subtypes of MODY, as well as the process of diagnosing, managing, and treating the condition. It also addresses the difficulties encountered in detecting and treating MODY.
The Investigation of Kisspeptin, Spexin and Galanin in Euthyroid Women with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.
Can U, Akdu S, Aktan AH
Endocr Res · 2025 Feb · PMID 39056111 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The hallmarks of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) include the destruction of thyroid cells by leading to insulin resistance (IR), hypothyroidism, and metabolic abnormalities. Kisspeptin, spexin, and galanin contro...
OBJECTIVE: The hallmarks of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) include the destruction of thyroid cells by leading to insulin resistance (IR), hypothyroidism, and metabolic abnormalities. Kisspeptin, spexin, and galanin control appetite and body weight (BW) to regulate metabolisms. Here, we sought to determine if galanin, kisspeptin, and spexin are linked to the pathophysiology of HT in euthyroid female individuals. METHODS: Forty-five women with HT and 45 healthy control women of the same age participated in the current study. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure the serum levels of galanin, spexin, and kisspeptin. RESULTS: In comparison to the controls, HT patients had significantly higher levels of kisspeptin ( < 0.01), galanin ( < 0.01), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) ( < 0.001), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) ( < 0.001), and body mass index (BMI) ( < 0.05). The two groups were comparable in terms of spexin, free triiodothyronine-3 (fT3), fT4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Galanin and kisspeptin were seen to have a positive correlation ( < 0.01; = 0.786). CONCLUSIONS: Euthyroid women with HT were found to have higher levels of kisspeptin and galanin. These results imply that kisspeptin and galanin may be linked to the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism, and as a result, we believe that these markers may be beneficial in the early detection and treatment of HT patients.
Do Different TSH Suppression Levels Effect Heart Rate Variability and QT Dispersions in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer?
Çelik S, Uç ZA, Candan Ö
Endocr Res · 2025 Feb · PMID 39051971 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and QT dispersion (QTd) in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer at different TSH suppression levels. METHODS: The study i...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and QT dispersion (QTd) in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer at different TSH suppression levels. METHODS: The study included 125 DTC patients, who had been on TSH suppression treatment (TSHST) for at least 1 year. The patients were categorized into three groups: patients with TSH < 0.1 mIU/L (n:30), those with TSH 0.1 to 0.5 mIU/L (n:56), and those with TSH 0.5 to 2 mIU/L (n:39). The first two groups were classified as suppression groups, and the last as replacement (control) group. All patients underwent 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and 24-hour rhythm holter echocardiography analysis. RESULTS: The HRV results derived from a 24-hour rhythm holter did not exhibit any significant difference ( < 0.05). In dispersion evaluations, the QTd was significantly longer in the suppression groups (groups 1 and 2), than in the replacement group (group 3) ( < 0.001 and p:0.002, respectively). The same was found for corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) ( < 0.001 and p: 0.008, respectively). In multivariate linear regression analysis, TSH was found to affect QTd (β = -0.299; = 0.002) and QTcd (β = -0.300; = 0.002) values independently. CONCLUSION: In this study, it was shown that in patients with DTC receiving TSHST, QT dispersion prolonged as the TSH suppression level increased. Especially in high-risk DTC patients, evaluation of QTd may be useful in terms of evaluating cardiovascular risk and regulating TSHST level.
Progastrin-Releasing Peptide As a Diagnostic Biomarker of Pulmonary and Non-Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
La Salvia A, Fanciulli G
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 39041209 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) is the precursor of the gastrin-releasing peptide, a neuropeptide secreted by cells of neural and endocrine origin. Recently, ProGRP has emerged as a circulating biomarke...
BACKGROUND: Progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) is the precursor of the gastrin-releasing peptide, a neuropeptide secreted by cells of neural and endocrine origin. Recently, ProGRP has emerged as a circulating biomarker for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a subtype of aggressive and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN). Given the ability of the neuroendocrine SCLC cells to secrete this peptide, we performed an in-depth narrative review aimed at collecting, summarizing, and critically analyzing the available literature about the possible value of ProGRP as a biomarker for pulmonary NENs other than SCLC, and for NENs of non-pulmonary origin. METHODS: We conducted an extensive search on international databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus). RESULTS: We selected 21 pertinent published articles (12 original studies and 9 case reports). Overall, the original studies included 1,711 patients, and the case reports described the clinical course of 10 patients. CONCLUSION: The data analyzed suggest a potential role for ProGRP as a diagnostic biomarker for typical and atypical lung carcinoids, pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, non-pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas, prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation, and the pancreatobiliary neuroendocrine carcinoma. Despite these promising results, additional studies are needed, to clarify the role of ProGRP as the diagnostic biomarker for specific NENs.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Desmopressin Stimulation Test in the Comprehensive Assessment of ACTH-Dependent Cushing's Syndrome: A Comparative Analysis with BIPSS and TSS.
Valizadeh M, Rahmani F, Nikoohemmat M … +6 more , Ramezani Ahmadi A, Hosseinpanah F, Niroomand M, Khameneh Bagheri A, Grossman A, Abiri B
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 39030706 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Cushing's syndrome (CS) poses diagnostic challenges, particularly in distinguishing pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome, Cushing's disease (CD), from the ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS). This study evaluated t...
BACKGROUND: Cushing's syndrome (CS) poses diagnostic challenges, particularly in distinguishing pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome, Cushing's disease (CD), from the ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS). This study evaluated the diagnostic value of the desmopressin stimulation test (DST) in patients with ACTH-dependent CS in helping this discrimination. METHODS: Twenty-three ACTH-dependent CS patients underwent sequential DST, bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS), and transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). Two definitions of a positive DST results were applied. Diagnostic performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and likelihood ratios. To avoid bias from predetermined criteria, we generated univariate receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, plotting sensitivity against 1-specificity at various percentage cortisol and ACTH response levels. RESULTS: Against BIPSS, DST demonstrated robust sensitivity (Definition 1: 90.0%, Definition 2: 76.2%) and overall accuracy (Definition 1: 87.0%, Definition 2: 73.9%). PPV was high (Definition 1: 95.0%, Definition 2: 94.1%), but NPV indicated potential false negatives. Compared to TSS, DST showed good sensitivity (Definition 1: 90.9-77.3%) and PPV (100.0%) but limited NPV (16.7%). The likelihood ratios emphasized the diagnostic value of the test. Notably, against TSS, DST showed perfect discriminatory power (AUC 1.000 for percent ACTH, 0.983 for percent cortisol). CONCLUSION: The desmopressin test shows promise in accurately identifying the underlying cause of ACTH-dependent CS, potentially reducing the reliance on invasive procedures and providing a practical solution for managing complex cases. Further research with larger cohorts is required to validate the utility of the DST in routine clinical practice.
Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulate Inflammatory Response and Improve Allograft Islet Transplant in Mice Model of Type 1 Diabetes.
Niknam B, Ayenehdeh JM, Hossein-Khannazer N … +2 more , Vosough M, Tajik N
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38982737 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease where immune cells attack insulin-producing beta cells. Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for T1DM. This study aims to evaluate the effects...
OBJECTIVE: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease where immune cells attack insulin-producing beta cells. Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for T1DM. This study aims to evaluate the effects of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) in combination with pancreatic islet transplantation using hydrogel. METHODS: T1DM mouse model was established using streptozotocin (STZ). Islets and AT-MSCs were co-embedded in a hydrogel and transplanted into diabetic mice. Five groups with six animals in each (control, hydrogel alone, AT-MSCs embedded hydrogel, islet embedded in hydrogel, and islet + AT-MSCs co-imbedded into a hydrogel) were evaluated in terms of blood glucose, insulin levels and serum and lavage cytokine production. RESULTS: During 32 days, blood glucose levels decreased from over 400 mg/dl to less than 150 mg/dl in the transplanted mice. Analysis showed increased transformation growth factor beta (TGF-β1) and IL-4 levels, while IL-17 and IFN-γ levels significantly decreased in the MSC-treated groups. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that using AT-MSCs with hydrogel could be a beneficial alternative for enhancing pancreatic islet engraftment and function.
Additional considerations in cancer cell radioresistance, integrin αvβ3 and thyroid hormones.
Glinsky GV, Hercbergs A, Mousa SA … +2 more , Lin HY, Davis PJ
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38884586 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The existence of a functional relationship between a certain thyroid hormone analogue and cancer cell radioresistance has been shown by Leith and coworkers. The hormone analogue with relevance to malignant ce...
BACKGROUND: The existence of a functional relationship between a certain thyroid hormone analogue and cancer cell radioresistance has been shown by Leith and coworkers. The hormone analogue with relevance to malignant cells' radioresistance is tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac). Tetrac is the deaminated derivative of L-thyroxine (T4), the principal product of the thyroid gland. Preclinical studies demonstrated that tetrac and chemically modified tetrac (CMT), e.g. a fluorobenzyl-conjugated tetrac analogue, restores radiosensitivity in certain radioresistant tumor cells. Due to their molecular, physico-chemical, and biological properties, actions of CMT analogues are believed to be initiated at the thyroid hormone analogue receptor site on plasma membrane integrin αvβ3. OBJECTIVE: To explore possible molecular mechanisms of the potentially therapeutically beneficial effect of CMT on cancer cells' sensitivity to radiation, we analyzed actions of CMT analogues on expression of selected sets of genes that have been previously implicated in radioresistance of malignant cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, we report that genome-wide gene expression profiling analysis of human glioblastoma (GBM) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) cell lines exposed in vitro to noncytotoxic doses of CMT has identified decreased expression of discrete trios of genes each of which was previously linked to cancer cells' radioresistance. Following the CMT treatment in AML cells, expression of PARP9, PARP15 and STAT3 genes was significantly reduced, while in GBM cells, expression of PRKDC, EGFR and CCNDI was significantly decreased by the drug. Notably, a broader spectrum of genes implicated in cancer cells' radioresistance was observed in primary patient-derived GBM cells after the CMT treatment. Extensive additional experimental and clinical studies are indicated, including analyses of individual patient tumor genomics and of an array of different tumor types to define the sub-sets of tumors manifesting radioresistance in which tetrac-based agents may be expected to enhance therapeutic effects of radiation.
Inflammatory Markers in Thyroid Eye Disease: A Meta-Analysis.
Chuang SH, Chang CH
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38869186 · Publisher ↗
Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is an inflammatory autoimmune condition affecting the eyes, often associated with Graves' disease. Inflammation is important in TED, involving immune cells and orbital tissues. While inflammator...
Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is an inflammatory autoimmune condition affecting the eyes, often associated with Graves' disease. Inflammation is important in TED, involving immune cells and orbital tissues. While inflammatory markers have been studied in other diseases, their role in TED is unclear. We included 734 participants from 5 eligible studies investigated associations between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and TED. Initial analysis found no significant differences in these markers between TED and control groups. However, sensitivity analysis excluding an outlier study revealed significant differences in NLR, PLR, and MLR between groups, suggesting the potential association between these inflammatory markers and TED. More research is needed, but these findings indicate complex TED pathogenesis and that inflammation may offer insights for TED diagnosis and management.
The Expression of Circ-Astn1 Inhibits High Glucose Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Dysfunction by Activating Autophagy.
Huang S, Xu M, Li M … +2 more , Cheng J, Wu Y
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38867680 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and complications such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular symptoms pose a substantial public health burden. Increasing studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulat...
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and complications such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular symptoms pose a substantial public health burden. Increasing studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate many gene expressions that are essential in diverse pathological and biological procedures. However, the roles of particular circRNAs in DM are unclear. METHODS: In the current investigation, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were used to search for abnormal expression of circRNAs by using high-throughput sequencing under high glucose (HG) conditions. The regulatory mechanisms and targets were then studied through bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter analysis, angiogenic differentiation experiments, flow cytometry detection of apoptosis and RT-qPCR analysis. RESULTS: The circ-Astn1 expression in EPCs decreased after HG treatment. Overexpression or circ-Astn1 suppressed HG induced endothelial cell damage. MicroRNA (miR)-138-5p and SIRT5 were found to be the downstream targets of circ-Astn1 through luciferase reporter analysis. SIRT5 downregulation or miR-138-5p overexpression reversed circ-Astn1's protective effect against HG induced endothelial cell dysfunction, including apoptosis and abnormal vascular differentiation. Furthermore, circ-Astn1 overexpression promoted autophagy activation by increasing SIRT5 expression under HG conditions. Our findings suggest that circ-Astn1 mediated promotion of SIRT5 facilitates autophagy by sponging miR-138-5p. CONLUSION: Together, our findings show that the overexpression of circ-Astn1 suppresses HG induced endothelial cell damage by targeting miR-138-5p/SIRT5 axis.
Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Waist-To-Hip Ratio with Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy in the Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Wang Y, Miao Y, Wan Q
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38850265 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index serves as a convenient indicator of insulin resistance, which has been demonstrated to be associated with diabetic retinopathy(DR). However, the relationship between TyG-W...
BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index serves as a convenient indicator of insulin resistance, which has been demonstrated to be associated with diabetic retinopathy(DR). However, the relationship between TyG-WHR, a novel index combining TyG with the central obesity indicator WHR, and retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the correlation between TyG-WHR and DR in adult patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1702 patients with T2DM. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between TyG-WHR and DR. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was utilized to assess the predictive efficacy of TyG-WHR for DR. RESULTS: Patients in higher TyG-WHR quartiles demonstrated an increased presence of DR, and TyG-WHR increased with the severity of DR. Moreover, TyG-WHR remained significantly associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) for DR (OR 1.223, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.078-1.387, < 0.05) after multivariate adjustment. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the optimal cutoff value for TyG-WHR in predicting DR presence was 8.8983, with a sensitivity of 61.00%, specificity of 48.50%, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.555. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with T2DM, TyG-WHR was significantly elevated in those with DR and independently associated with an increased risk of DR presence in Chinese patients. This implies that TyG-WHR could potentially serve as a valuable and dependable biomarker for DR, underscoring the importance of giving greater consideration to T2DM patients with elevated TyG-WHR to effectively prevent and mitigate the onset of DR and associated adverse health outcomes.
Association Between Prediabetes and Risk, Mortality of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.
Ding X, Deng L, Cen C … +1 more , Yang Y
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38830240 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: As the high-risk stage of diabetes, the role of prediabetes in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we undertook a meta-analysis to investigate the...
BACKGROUND: As the high-risk stage of diabetes, the role of prediabetes in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we undertook a meta-analysis to investigate the potential association between the prediabetic stage and HCC. METHODS: In this study, two independent investigators conducted a comprehensive search for relevant articles published up until May 2023 in several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. The results were then summarized using STATA 12.0 software. RESULTS: Our analysis included a total of 6 cohort studies involving 1,490,752 participants, as well as 1 case-control study with 220 participants. The research aimed to examine the association between prediabetes and the risk of HCC. Our meta-analysis revealed that prediabetes was significantly associated with an elevated risk of HCC (odds ratio (OR)/relative risk (RR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06 to 1.48, I = 57.2%, = 0.012), using a random-effects model. Moreover, four cohort studies, encompassing 1,362,847 participants, explored the relationship between prediabetes and HCC mortality. The meta-analysis showed that prediabetes was associated with a higher mortality rate of HCC, also utilizing a random-effects model (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.36, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.81, I = 55.8%, = 0.060). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our findings highlight a significant association between prediabetes and an increased risk of HCC and suggest that prediabetes may also contribute to higher mortality rates among HCC patients.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of In-Hospital Exercise Rehabilitation in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Combined with Sarcopenia Effect of Lifestyle Management on Disease Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Shi J, Yin G, Shi Z … +4 more , Zhang S, Wei J, Xue T, Su X
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38762774 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of in-hospital exercise rehabilitation on glucose and lipid metabolism and healthy physical fitness in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mel...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of in-hospital exercise rehabilitation on glucose and lipid metabolism and healthy physical fitness in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with sarcopenia, and to provide a reference for the effective implementation of exercise rehabilitation for middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM combined with sarcopenia in healthcare institutions. METHODS: This study retrospectively included 122 patients with T2DM combined with sarcopenia treated at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from August 2017 to August 2020 and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was given conventional treatment and the experimental group was given exercise rehabilitation in the hospital for 12 weeks to compare the indexes related to glucose and lipid metabolism and healthy fitness in the two groups. RESULTS: After the intervention, the experimental group showed significant decreases in fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) and body fat percentage ( < 0.05), while high-density cholesterol (HDL-C), grip strength, lower limb extension, lower limb flexion, peak oxygen uptake were significantly higher ( < 0.05) and were more significant at 12 weeks compared to the 6-week intervention ( < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes in any of the glucose metabolism indicators in the control group before and after the intervention. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA showed that at control baseline levels, HbA1c decreased significantly in the experimental group after both 6 and 12 weeks of intervention compared to the control group ( < 0.05). After 6 weeks of intervention, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in body fat percentage and a significant increase in grip strength. After 12 weeks of intervention, the experimental group showed an increase in glycemic control from 33.3% to 73.3%, a significant decrease in body fat percentage and a significant increase in grip strength, lower limb extension and lower limb flexion strength and peak oxygen uptake. CONCLUSION: In-hospital exercise rehabilitation can effectively improve the glycemic and lipid profiles of patients with T2DM combined with sarcopenia and enhance their health fitness, with good clinical rehabilitation effects.
Possible sarcopenia and risk of chronic kidney disease: a four-year follow-up study and Mendelian randomization analysis.
Xiong Y, Jiang X, Zhong Q … +4 more , Zhang Y, Zhang H, Liu Z, Wang X
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38739204 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common risk factor for sarcopenia. However, whether sarcopenia increases the risk of CKD remains unclear. To investigate the longitudinal and causal associations between po...
INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common risk factor for sarcopenia. However, whether sarcopenia increases the risk of CKD remains unclear. To investigate the longitudinal and causal associations between possible sarcopenia and CKD, this study was performed. METHODS: Possible sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019. Participants aged ≥ 40 years were recruited from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and followed up for four years. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between possible sarcopenia, low muscle strength, low physical performance and CKD. Propensity score matching was used to balance the intergroup differences. Subgroup and interactive analyses were adopted to identify potential interactive effects. Mendelian Randomization analysis was used to assess the causal association between appendicular lean mass (ALM) and CKD. RESULTS: After data cleansing, a total of 7296 participants were included in the baseline survey. In the cross-sectional analyses, the odds ratios (ORs) of prevalent CKD were 1.50 (95% CI = 1.23-1.84, < 0.001) for possible sarcopenia, 1.37 (95% CI = 1.10-1.70, < 0.01) for low muscle strength and 1.42 (95% CI = 1.16-1.74, < 0.001) for low physical performance in the full models. No significant interaction effects of covariates were detected (all for interaction > 0.05). After four years of follow-up, an increased risk of incident CKD was also observed in participants with possible sarcopenia (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.13-2.44, = 0.010) and low physical performance (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.16-2.45, = 0.006), but not in participants with low muscle strength (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.75-1.88, = 0.469). In the Mendelian Randomization analysis, the inverse variance weighted estimator showed that a 1-standard deviation increase of genetically predicted ALM was associated with a lower risk of CKD (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85-0.99, = 0.035). All the sensitivity analyses supported the main findings. CONCLUSIONS: Possible sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for CKD and may serve as a predictor of CKD for early identification and intervention.
Association Between the Serum α-Klotho Level and Insulin Resistance in Adults: NHANES 2007-2016.
Xiao Y, Hou Y, Zeng J … +2 more , Gong Y, Ma L
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38725277 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum α-Klotho levels and insulin resistance (IR), a precursor to type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The study analyzed data from 4,758 adult participants in the...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum α-Klotho levels and insulin resistance (IR), a precursor to type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The study analyzed data from 4,758 adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2016. The relationship between α-Klotho concentration and IR was assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and odds ratios (OR) derived from logistic regression models. RESULTS: Results showed that every 1-ln increase in α-Klotho concentration raised the HOMA-IR value by 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.35-0.74) and the odds of IR by 64% (odds ratio 1.64; 95% confidence interval 1.28-2.1). The odds of IR was 40% greater in highest tertile than in the lowest tertile. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study underscore a significant correlation between increased serum α-Klotho levels and the prevalence of IR.
Family History of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Association with Beta Cell Function and Lipid Profile in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.
Chi D, Zhu M, Dong G … +4 more , Gao H, Xiang W, Ye Q, Fu J
Endocr Res · 2024 · PMID 38676343 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between a family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and beta-cell function, as well as lipid profile, in pediatric patients newly diagnosed with type 1...
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between a family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and beta-cell function, as well as lipid profile, in pediatric patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on children under 14 years of age who were newly diagnosed with T1D at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University between August 2018 and August 2022. Clinical features, metabolic profiles, beta-cell function, and lipid profile were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 316 children were diagnosed with new-onset T1D. Among them, 28.2% had a family history of T2D. Patients with T1D who had a family history of T2D experienced a later onset of the disease ( = 0.016), improved HOMA2-%B levels ( = 0.003), and increased concentrations of HDL-C ( = 0.005). In addition, no statistically significant differences in age at onset, HOMA2-%B levels, or HDL-C were found when assessing the interaction between family history of T2D and type of diabetes mellitus (autoimmune T1D/idiopathic T1D). CONCLUSION: A family history of T2D may contribute to the heterogeneity of T1D patients in terms of HOMA2-%B levels and lipid profile. This highlights the significance of taking into account T2D-related factors in the diagnosis and treatment of T1D.
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