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International Journal For Vitamin And Nutrition Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International De Vitaminologie Et De Nutrition[JOURNAL]
International Journal For Vitamin And Nutrition Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International De Vitaminologie Et De Nutrition[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Dietary patterns according to vitamin supplement use. A cross-sectional study in Switzerland.
Patriota P, Guessous I, Marques-Vidal P
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Oct · PMID 32885731 · Publisher ↗
: consumers of dietary supplements (DS) or vitamin-mineral supplements (VMS) have a better health profile than nonconsumers; whether this also applies to healthier dietary patterns has seldom been assessed. We aimed to a...
: consumers of dietary supplements (DS) or vitamin-mineral supplements (VMS) have a better health profile than nonconsumers; whether this also applies to healthier dietary patterns has seldom been assessed. We aimed to assess the dietary intake of subjects according to their consumption of DS or VMS. : Cross-sectional, population-based studies conducted in 2009-2012 (3773 participants, 52.4% women, 57.0 ± 10.0 years) and 2014-2017 (2536 participants, 52.4% women, 60.0 ± 10 years) in Lausanne, Switzerland. Dietary intake was assessed via a 97-item food frequency questionnaire. Nutrients, consumption of specific food groups, dietary scores, and compliance with the Swiss nutritional guidelines were compared between VMS/DS consumers and nonconsumers. : In 2009-2012, after multivariable adjustment for gender, age, body mass index, education, smoking, country of birth, sedentariness, diet and total energy intake, VMS/DS consumers had a higher score for the "Fruits & vegetables"(-0.09 ± 0.02 vs. 0.15 ± 0.05) dietary pattern and a lower score for the "Fatty & sugary" dietary pattern (0.02 ± 0.02 vs. -0.14 ± 0.04) and had a lower likelihood to comply with the guideline on total fat [odds ratio and 95 %CI: 0.72 (0.57-0.89)] than nonconsumers. In 2014-2017, after multivariable adjustment, no differences (at p < 0.005) were found between VMS/DS consumers and nonconsumers. : VMS/DS consumers tend to have healthier dietary choices than nonconsumers. The beneficial effect of VMS and/or DS consumption is decreased, as it does not target subjects who really need them.
Lycopene hampers lung injury due to skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion in rat model.
Kirisci M, Guneri B, Seyithanoglu M … +1 more , Kazanci U
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Jul · PMID 32856544 · Publisher ↗
This study investigates lycopene's preventive efficacy in skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced lung injury. Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned to control group, lycopene group, I/R group and I/R + lycop...
This study investigates lycopene's preventive efficacy in skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced lung injury. Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned to control group, lycopene group, I/R group and I/R + lycopene group. In the lycopene and I/R + lycopene groups, the rats initially received 10 mg/kg/day lycopene orally for 15 days. Then, dissection around the abdominal aorta was performed in all rats under general anesthesia. The aorta was clamped at the infrarenal level in the I/R group and I/R + lycopene group for two hours before two hours of reperfusion. The mean serum levels of malondialdehyde (53.0 ± 20.14 nmol/mL) and superoxide dismutase (1.03 ± 0.16 U/mL) were higher and lower in the I/R group than the other three groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean serum IMA level of I/R + lycopene group (0.42 ± 0.04 abs/u) was lower than the I/R group (0.47 ± 0.04 abs/u) (p = 0.015). The mean tissue malondialdehyde levels of I/R group (69.10 ± 11.55 nmol/mL) and I/R + lycopene group (68.36 ± 21.17 nmol/mL) were high compared to the control group (49.87 ± 6.52 nmol/mL) and lycopene group (47.82 ± 4.44 nmol/mL) (p = 0.002). The mean tissue glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.001) and superoxide dismutase (p = 0.001) levels of I/R group (121.81 ± 43.59 nmol/mL and 25.17 ± 8.69 U/mL) were low compared to the control group (236.12 ± 18.01 nmol/mL and 46.30 ± 5.17 U/mL), lycopene group (227.52 ± 16.92 nmol/mL and 45.82 ± 4.02 U/mL), and I/R + lycopene group (176.02 ± 24.27 nmol/mL and 35.20 ± 4.85 U/mL). The histopathological analyses of I/R + lycopene group indicated less significant changes than the control group. Tissue damage in the I/R + lycopene group was less prominent than the I/R group. These findings suggest oral lycopene supplementation as a promising prevention against skeletal muscle I/R caused lung injury.
Vitamin D can be effective on the prevention of COVID-19 complications: A narrative review on molecular aspects.
Shiravi AA, Saadatkish M, Abdollahi Z … +3 more , Miar P, Khanahmad H, Zeinalian M
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Mar · PMID 32811354 · Publisher ↗
The widespread COVID-19 pandemic has been, currently, converted to a catastrophic human health challenge. Vitamin D (VD) and its metabolites have been used as a palliative treatment for chronic inflammatory and infectiou...
The widespread COVID-19 pandemic has been, currently, converted to a catastrophic human health challenge. Vitamin D (VD) and its metabolites have been used as a palliative treatment for chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases from ancient times. In the current study, some molecular aspects of the potential effects of VD against COVID-19 side-effects have been discussed. An arguable role in autophagy or apoptosis control has been suggested for VD through calcium signaling at the mitochondrial and ER levels. 1,25(OH)2D3 is also an immunomodulator that affects the development of B-cells, T-cells, and NK cells in both innate and acquired immunity. The production of some anti-microbial molecules such as defensins and cathelicidins is also stimulated by VD. The overexpression of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and down-regulation of NADPH oxidase are induced by VD to reduce the oxidative stress. Moreover, the multi-organ failure due to a cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV2 in COVID-19 may be prevented by the immunomodulatory effects of VD. It can also downregulate the renin-angiotensin system which has a protective role against cardiovascular complications induced by COVID-19. Given the many experimental and molecular evidences due to the potential protective effects of VD on the prevention of the COVID-19-induced morbidities, a VD supplementation is suggested to prevent the lethal side-effects of the infection. It is particularly recommended in VD-deficient patients or those at greater risk of serious or critical effects of COVID-19, including the elderly, and patients with pre-existing chronic diseases, especially those in nursing homes, care facilities, and hospitals.
Low carbohydrate diet score and odds of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A case-control study.
Rezaeimanesh N, Jahromi SR, Ghorbani Z … +4 more , Moghadasi AN, Hekmatdoost A, Moghadam NB, Sahraian MA
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Oct · PMID 32795169 · Publisher ↗
: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating inflammatory disease of The Central nervous system. We aimed to investigate the association between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and NMOSD odds. : Sevent...
: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating inflammatory disease of The Central nervous system. We aimed to investigate the association between low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and NMOSD odds. : Seventy NMOSD patients with definite diagnosis and 164 hospital-based controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Dietary data was obtained using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. To determine the LCD score, participants were stratified into 11 groups according to carbohydrate, protein, fat, animal fat, animal protein, vegetable fat and vegetable protein intakes. Higher intake of protein and fat, and lower intake of carbohydrate received a higher score between 0-10. Macronutrients scores were summed together and LCD scores calculated. The association between LCD scores and likelihood of being assigned to NMOSD group was investigated using multiple regression models. : Total LCD scores increased from the median of 21.00 in the first decile to 53.00 in the tenth decile of LCD score. After adjustment for confounding factors including age, gender, BMI, energy intake, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, an inverse association was detected between LCD scores and odds of NMOSD. The odds of suffering from NMOSD declined significantly about 78% (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05-0.87) and 76% (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.06-0.93) in the fifth and sixth deciles of LCD score compared to the first decile. : From the obtained results it can be speculated that higher carbohydrate and lower protein and fat intakes may be associate with the increased odds of NMOSD. However, further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: Results from an Italian clinical trial.
Derosa G, D'Angelo A, Martinotti C … +4 more , Valentino MC, Di Matteo S, Bruno GM, Maffioli P
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Mar · PMID 32795167 · Publisher ↗
: to evaluate the effects of Vitamin D3 on glyco-metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. : one hundred and seventeen patients were randomized to placebo and 122 patients to Vitamin D3. We...
: to evaluate the effects of Vitamin D3 on glyco-metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. : one hundred and seventeen patients were randomized to placebo and 122 patients to Vitamin D3. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glyco-metabolic control, and parathormone (PTH) value at baseline, after 3, and 6 months. : a significant reduction of fasting, and post-prandial glucose was recorded in Vitamin D3 group after 6 months. A significant HbA decrease was observed in Vitamin D3 (from 7.6% or 60 mmol/mol to 7.1% or 54 mmol) at 6 months compared to baseline, and to placebo (p < 0.05 for both). At the end of the study period, we noticed a change in the amount in doses of oral or subcutaneous hypoglycemic agents and insulin, respectively. The use of metformin, acarbose, and pioglitazone was significantly lower (p = 0.037, p = 0.048, and p = 0.042, respectively) than at the beginning of the study in the Vitamin D3 therapy group. The units of Lispro, Aspart, and Glargine insulin were lower in the Vitamin D3 group at the end of the study (p = 0.031, p = 0.037, and p = 0.035, respectively) than in the placebo group. : in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency, the restoration of value in the Vitamin D standard has led not only to an improvement in the glyco-metabolic compensation, but also to a reduced posology of some oral hypoglycemic agents and some types of insulin used.
Factors affecting the fate of β-carotene in the human gastrointestinal tract: A narrative review.
Maurya VK, Singh J, Ranjan V … +3 more , Gothandam KM, Bohn T, Pareek S
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Oct · PMID 32781911 · Publisher ↗
Carotenoids and their metabolites play crucial roles in human health such as in immunity, cell differentiation, embryonic development, maintenance of plasma membrane integrity, and gastrointestinal functions, in addition...
Carotenoids and their metabolites play crucial roles in human health such as in immunity, cell differentiation, embryonic development, maintenance of plasma membrane integrity, and gastrointestinal functions, in addition to counteracting night blindness and other eye-related diseases. However, carotenoid bioavailability is highly variable and often low. The bioavailability of β-carotene, among the most frequently consumed carotenoid from the diet, is determined by food matrix related factors such as carotenoid dose, its location in food the matrix, the physical state in food, the presence of other food compounds in the matrix such as dietary fiber, dietary lipids, other micronutrients present such as minerals, and food processing, influencing also the size of food particles, and the presence of absorption inhibitors (fat replacers and anti-obesity drugs) or enhancers (nano-/micro-formulations). However, also host-related factors such as physiochemical interactions by gastrointestinal secretions (enzyme and salts) and other host-related factors such as surgery, age, disease, obesity, and genetic variations have shown to play a role. This review contributes to the knowledge regarding factors affecting the bioavailability of β-carotene (food and host-relegated), as well as highlights models employed to evaluate β-carotene bioavailability aspects.
Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and serum lipids among adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
Farhangi MA, Vajdi M, Fathollahi P
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Oct · PMID 32777987 · Publisher ↗
: In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to summarize the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and lipid profile in adult population. : The electronic databas...
: In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to summarize the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and lipid profile in adult population. : The electronic databases of Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library were searched for relevant studies from inception to October 2019. The effect size was indicated as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by using random effects model. The I index and Cochran's Q-test were used for evaluating heterogeneity. : From 2,469 studies identified, thirty-four studies (nineteen cross-sectional studies, thirteen cohort studies, two case-control studies) were included in the meta-analysis. According to our results, higher categories of TAC were associated with significantly lower serum triglyceride concentartions (TG; WMD: -7.58; CI: -11.42, -3.75; P < 0.001) and waist circumference (WC; WMD: -1.17; 95% CI: -1.47, -0.87; P < 0.001); while no significant change in body mass index (BMI; WMD: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.35, 0.01; P = 0.12), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; WMD: 0.61; 95% CI: -0.16, 1.40; P = 0.12), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; WMD: 1.34; 95% CI: -0.61, 3.30; P = 0.17) and total cholesterol (TC; WMD: 1.19; 95% CI: -1.46, 3.855; P = 0.37) was reported. : Higher dietary TAC was related to reduced prevalence of central obesity, reduced WC and TG concentrations in the current meta-analysis. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that TAC measurement index, geographical area, dietary assessment tool, health status and gender were potential sources of heterogeneity.
Is vitamin C an effective agent for the prevention of COVID-19 and treatment of severe infection in the ICU?
İzol Torun AN
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Oct · PMID 32744166 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Postprandial glycemia and insulin secretion following glutamine administration: A randomized controlled trial.
Mansour A, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Qorbani M … +3 more , Ghamari M, Larijani B, Hosseini S
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2020 Oct · PMID 32729784 · Publisher ↗
: The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of glutamine administration on postprandial glycemia, insulin, and C-peptide concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes. : A randomized, double-blind...
: The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of glutamine administration on postprandial glycemia, insulin, and C-peptide concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes. : A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on patients with type 2 diabetes so that 33 subjects were recruited in each group. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either 30 g/d glutamine or placebo (with instructions to take in half glass of ice-cold water 5 to 10 min before each main meal) for 6 weeks. Postprandial C-peptide, insulin, and glucose were measured at the baseline and at the end of the study at 30 and 90 min after consuming a meal comprising wheat-cake and reduced fat milk. : The repeated measures ANOVA revealed no significant difference between the groups for glucose and insulin after 6 weeks of intervention ( > 0.05). However, C-peptide was reduced in both intervention groups at all measurement points. Between-group differences remained significant by the end of the study ( = 0.02). : Glutamine supplementation before each main meal does not represent an effective nutritional strategy to improve postprandial glycemic control or postprandial insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes patients.
Positive effect of curcumin on experimental peridontitis via suppression of IL-1-beta and IL-6 expression level.
Yetkin Ay Z, Bakır B, Bozkurt ŞB … +2 more , Kayis SA, Hakki SS
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Jul · PMID 32718217 · Publisher ↗
This study examined the effect of curcumin on T-helper (Th17) and T-regulatory (Treg) cells regarding the mRNA of cytokines/mediators in the gingiva. Thirty-five male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Gro...
This study examined the effect of curcumin on T-helper (Th17) and T-regulatory (Treg) cells regarding the mRNA of cytokines/mediators in the gingiva. Thirty-five male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Group 1: periodontitis (n = 9); Group 2: periodontitis with curcumin treatment (n = 8); Group 3: periodontally healthy with curcumin treatment (n = 10); and Group 4: periodontally healthy (n = 8). Curcumin was administered via oral gavage (30 mg/kg/day) for a total of 15 days. The gingival tissues were investigated regarding mRNA expressions of Th17/Treg cytokines with qRT-PCR. The distributional properties of the data were evaluated using the Anderson-Darling normality test. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed for multiple group comparisons. Partial least squares regression discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to evaluate the degree of contribution of each mRNA to the separation of treatment groups. When the periodontitis groups were compared, curcumin treatment resulted in lower IL-1β (Group 2 median: 0.002, Group 1 median: 0.12) and IL-6 (Group 2 median: 0.031, Group 1 median: 0.078) and higher IL-17 (Group 2 median: 1.07, Group 1 median: 0.583) relative mRNA expression in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p < 0.001). Group 3 also had higher IL-10 relative expression (median: 0.067) than Groups 1 and 4 (median: 0.028, 0.007, respectively. p < 0.001). These results indicate that curcumin might be a promising agent for the prevention and/or treatment of periodontal diseases due to its decreasing effect on IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression.
β-Carotene inhibits NF-κB and restrains diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic inflammation in Wistar rats.
Latief U, Ahmad R
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Oct · PMID 32686990 · Publisher ↗
β-Carotene exhibits antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities a multitude of biochemical mechanisms. However, the action mechanism involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of this carotene in chronic live...
β-Carotene exhibits antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities a multitude of biochemical mechanisms. However, the action mechanism involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of this carotene in chronic liver diseases is not fully understood. In the present investigation, we have attempted to outline a plausible mechanism of β-carotene action against liver fibrosis in albino Wistar rats. To induce hepatic fibrosis, diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was administered in experimental rats for two weeks. DEN treated rats were divided into four groups, wherein each group comprised of five rats. β-Carotene supplement attenuated DEN-induced elevation in LFT markers (P < 0.05); averted depletion of glycogen (24%, P < 0.05) and, increased nitrite (P < 0.05), hydroxyproline (~67%, P < 0.05) and collagen levels (~65%, P < 0.05). Confocal microscopy of tissue sections stained with picrosirius red revealed accrued collagen in DEN-administered group, which was found to be reduced by β-carotene supplementation. Furthermore, β-carotene decreased the expression of iNOS/NOS-2 and NF-κB, as revealed by immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting. Collectively, these results demonstrate that β-carotene mitigates experimental liver fibrosis inhibition of iNOS and NF-κB . Thus, β-carotene may be suggested as a possible nutraceutical to curb experimental liver fibrosis.
COVID-19 and Vitamin D deficiency; the two pandemics. Are they correlated?
Alshahawey M
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2021 Sep · PMID 32674673 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Nutrient pattern of unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E increase resting metabolic rate of overweight and obese women.
Yarizadeh H, Setayesh L, Roberts C … +2 more , Yekaninejad MS, Mirzaei K
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Jul · PMID 32672509 · Publisher ↗
: Obesity plays an important role in the development of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. A low resting metabolic rate (RMR) for a given body size and composition is a risk factor for obesit...
: Obesity plays an important role in the development of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. A low resting metabolic rate (RMR) for a given body size and composition is a risk factor for obesity, however, there is limited evidence available regarding the association of nutrient patterns and RMR. The aim of this study was to determine the association of nutrient patterns and RMR in overweight and obese women. : This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 women who were overweight or obese. : Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative standard food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient patterns were also extracted by principal components analysis (PCA). All participants were evaluated for their body composition, RMR, and blood parameters. : Three nutrient patterns explaining 64% of the variance in dietary nutrients consumption were identified as B-complex-mineral, antioxidant, and unsaturated fatty acid and vitamin E (USFA-vit E) respectively. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the nutrient patterns. High scores of USFA-vit E pattern was significantly associated with the increase of RMR (β = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.79 to 68.16, p = 0.04). No significant associations were found among B-complex-mineral pattern (β = -0.00, 95% CI = -49.67 to 46.03, p = 0.94) and antioxidant pattern (β = 0.03, 95% CI -41.42 to 22.59, p = 0.56) with RMR. : Our results suggested that the "USFA-vit E" pattern (such as PUFA, oleic, linoleic, vit.E, α-tocopherol and EPA) was associated with increased RMR.
Vitamin A does not influence mRNA expression of hormone hepcidin but other biomarkers of iron homeostasis in young male Wistar rats.
Restrepo-Gallego M, Díaz LE
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Jul · PMID 32672503 · Publisher ↗
The effects of an adequate supply of vitamin A and iron, in comparison with diets low or absent in vitamin A and low in iron, on the mRNA expression of some biomarkers of iron homeostasis as hepcidin (), transferrin rece...
The effects of an adequate supply of vitamin A and iron, in comparison with diets low or absent in vitamin A and low in iron, on the mRNA expression of some biomarkers of iron homeostasis as hepcidin (), transferrin receptor-1 (), iron regulatory protein-2 () and ferritin () in rats were investigated. 35 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 dietary groups: control, sufficient in iron and insufficient in vitamin A (FesvAi), sufficient in iron and depleted in vitamin A (FesvAd), insufficient in iron and sufficient in vitamin A (FeivAs) and insufficient in both iron and vitamin A (FeivAi). After 6 weeks rats showed no significant effects of variations in vitamin A on the expression of relative to the control group (FesvAi: 1.37-fold; FesvAd: 1.22-fold); however, iron deficiency showed significant reduction on it relative to the control group (FeivAs: 71.4-fold, P = 0.0004; FeivAi: 16.1-fold, P = 0.0008). Vitamin A deficiency (FesvAd) affects expression of independent of low dietary iron in spleen (0.29-fold, P = 0.002) and duodenum (5.15-fold, P = 0.02). Variations of dietary iron and vitamin A showed significant effects relative to the control group for expression of in spleen (FesvAd: 0.18-fold, P = 0.01; FeivAs: 0.24-fold, P < 0.0001; FeivAi: 0.42-fold, P = 0.014), in spleen (FeivAs: 3.7-fold, P < 0.0001; FeivAi: 2.9-fold, P < 0.0001) and in duodenum (FeivAs: 2.68-fold, P = 0.012; FeivAi: 2.60-fold, P = 0.014). These results show that vitamin A and iron must be supplied together to regulate some of the main biomarkers of iron metabolism as a strategy to reduce prevalence of iron deficiency anemia.
Development of new predictive equations for basal metabolic rate in Iranian healthy adults: negligible effect of sex.
Nikooyeh B, Shariatzadeh N, Kalayi A … +2 more , Zahedirad M, Neyestani TR
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Oct · PMID 32654630 · Publisher ↗
Some studies have reported inaccuracy of predicting basal metabolic rate (BMR) by using common equations for Asian people. Thus, this study was undertaken to develop new predictive equations for the Iranian community and...
Some studies have reported inaccuracy of predicting basal metabolic rate (BMR) by using common equations for Asian people. Thus, this study was undertaken to develop new predictive equations for the Iranian community and also to compare their accuracy with the commonly used formulas. Anthropometric measures and thyroid function were evaluated for 267 healthy subjects (18-60 y). Indirect calorimetry (InCal) was performed only for those participants with normal thyroid function tests (n = 252). Comparison of predicted RMR (both kcal/d and kcal.kg.wt.d) using current predictive formulas and measured RMR revealed that Harris-Benedict and FAO/WHO/UNU significantly over-estimated and Mifflin-St. Jeor significantly under-estimated RMR as compared to InCal measurements. In stepwise regression analysis for developing new equations, the highest r (=0.89) was from a model comprising sex, height and weight. However, further analyses revealed that unlike the subjects under 30 y, the association between age and the measured RMR in subjects 30 y and plus was negative (r = -0.241, p = 0.001). As a result, two separate equations were developed for these two age groups. Over 80 percent of variations were covered by the new equations. In conclusion, there were statistical significant under- and over-estimation of RMR using common predictive equations in our subjects. Using the new equations, the accuracy of the calculated RMR increased remarkably.
Low intakes of vitamins C and A are associated with obesity in early adulthood.
Correa-Rodríguez M, Luis Gómez-Urquiza J, Medina-Martínez I … +3 more , González-Jiménez E, Schmidt-RioValle J, Rueda-Medina B
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Jul · PMID 32646290 · Publisher ↗
To evaluate the relationships between the intake of individual antioxidants as well as the dietary antioxidant quality score and obesity-related measures. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 562 young adults. Fat ma...
To evaluate the relationships between the intake of individual antioxidants as well as the dietary antioxidant quality score and obesity-related measures. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 562 young adults. Fat mass, fat-mass percentage, and fat-free mass were measured using a body composition analyzer. The intake of antioxidant nutrients including vitamins C, E, and A, selenium, zinc, and magnesium were calculated based on a 72-hour diet recall interview. We observed significant differences in the vitamin C (88.6 ± 72.6 mg/day vs. 70.7 ± 60.6 mg/day, = 0.010), vitamin A (635.8 ± 519.8 μg/day vs. 492.6 ± 318.9 μg/day, = 0.014), and selenium (135.3 ± 88.7 μg/day vs. 139.3 ± 79.3 μg/day, = 0.034) intake between normal-weight and overweight or obese young adults. When the Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score (DAQS) was analyzed, there were no significant differences between normal-weight versus overweight or obese young adults after adjusting for confounders. Logistic regression analysis revealed that vitamin C intake (odds ratio (OR) 0.995, 95% CI 0.992-0.999, p = 0.013) and vitamin A intake (OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.999-1.000, p = 0.016) were independent predictors of overweight/obesity after adjusting for age, sex and energy intake. In contrast, a higher selenium intake was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity (OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.000-1.006, p = 0.034). Future longitudinal investigations of dietary antioxidant intake in relation to the development of obesity would be of interest to better understand the effect of dietary antioxidants on obesity.
Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity in a Brazilian population.
Dutra JDM, Lisboa QC, Ferolla SM … +4 more , Carvalho CMML, Mendes CCM, Ferrari TCA, Couto CA
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2021 Sep · PMID 32639223 · Publisher ↗
Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and ins...
Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.
High coenzyme Q10 plasma levels improve stress and damage markers in professional soccer players during competition.
Sánchez-Cuesta A, Cortés-Rodríguez AB, Navas-Enamorado I … +5 more , Lekue JA, Viar T, Axpe M, Navas P, López-Lluch G
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2022 Jul · PMID 32639220 · Publisher ↗
Ubiquinol, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q (CoQ), is a key factor in bioenergetics and antioxidant protection. During competition, professional soccer players suffer from considerable physical stress causing high risk of...
Ubiquinol, the reduced form of Coenzyme Q (CoQ), is a key factor in bioenergetics and antioxidant protection. During competition, professional soccer players suffer from considerable physical stress causing high risk of muscle damage. For athletes, supplementation with several antioxidants, including CoQ, is widely recommended to avoid oxidative stress and muscle damage. We performed an observational study of plasma parameters associated with CoQ levels in professional soccer players of the Spanish First League team Athletic Club de Bilbao over two consecutive seasons (n = 24-25) in order determine their relationship with damage, stress and performance during competition. We analyzed three different moments of the competition: preterm, initial phase and mid phase. Metabolites and factors related with stress (testosterone/cortisol) and muscle damage (creatine kinase) were determined. Physical activity during matches was analyzed over the 2015/16 season in those players participating in complete matches. In the mid phase of competition, CoQ levels were higher in 2015/16 (906.8 ± 307.9 vs. 584.3 ± 196.3 pmol/mL, p = 0.0006) High levels of CoQ in the hardest phase of competition were associated with a reduction in the levels of the muscle-damage marker creatine kinase (Pearsons' correlation coefficient (r) = - 0.460, p = 0.00168) and a trend for the stress marker cortisol (r = -0.252, p = 0.150). Plasma ubiquinol was also associated with better kidney function (r = -0.287, p = 0.0443 for uric acid). Furthermore, high CoQ levels were associated with higher muscle performance during matches. Our results suggest that high levels of plasma CoQ can prevent muscle damage, improve kidney function and are associated with higher performance in professional soccer players during competition.
Increased monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio in vitamin B12 deficiency: Is it related to cardiometabolic risk?
Kayhan S, Kirnap NG, Tastemur M
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2021 Sep · PMID 32639203 · Publisher ↗
Vitamin B12 deficiency may have indirect cardiovascular effects in addition to hematological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It was shown that the monocyte count-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR)...
Vitamin B12 deficiency may have indirect cardiovascular effects in addition to hematological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It was shown that the monocyte count-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) is a novel cardiovascular marker. In this study, the aim was to evaluate whether MHR was high in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and its relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors. The study included 128 patients diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency and 93 healthy controls. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), MHR, C-reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid levels compared with the controls (median 139 vs 115 mmHg, p < 0.001; 80 vs 70 mmHg, p < 0.001; 14.2 vs 9.5, p < 0.001; 10.2 vs 4 mg/dl p < 0.001; 6.68 vs 4.8 mg/dl, p < 0.001 respectively). The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was higher in vitamin B12 deficiency group (43.8%) than the control group (8.6%) (p < 0.001). In vitamin B12 deficiency group, a positive correlation was detected between MHR and SBP, CRP and uric acid (p < 0.001 r:0.34, p < 0.001 r:0.30, p < 0.001 r:0.5, respectively) and a significant negative correlation was detected between MHR and T-CHOL, LDL, HDL and B12 (p < 0.001 r: -0.39, p < 0.001 r: -0.34, p < 0.001 r: -0.57, p < 0.04 r: -0.17, respectively). MHR was high in vitamin B12 deficiency group, and correlated with the cardiometabolic risk factors in this group, which were SBP, CRP, uric acid and HDL. In conclusion, MRH, which can be easily calculated in clinical practice, can be a useful marker to assess cardiovascular risk in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency.
Chemopreventive activity of hydroethanolic leaves extract (HEMKLE) against chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in mice.
Kaur S, Dogra S, Sadwal S … +1 more , Aniqa A
Int J Vitam Nutr Res · 2021 Sep · PMID 32580686 · Publisher ↗
The present study aimed to examine the chemoprotective effect of Hydroethanolic leaves extract (HEMKLE) on murine skin carcinogenesis model. For the study, male LACA mice divided into four groups (n = 15 per group). Gro...
The present study aimed to examine the chemoprotective effect of Hydroethanolic leaves extract (HEMKLE) on murine skin carcinogenesis model. For the study, male LACA mice divided into four groups (n = 15 per group). Group I (Control), Group II (DMBA/TPA), Group III (HEMKLE), and Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA). Skin tumors were induced in Group II (DMBA/TPA) and Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) by topical application of 7, 12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) [500 nmol/100 μL of acetone, twice a week for two weeks] and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) [1.7 nmol/100 μL of acetone, twice a week for eighteen weeks] and HEMKLE (200 mg/kg b. w.) was administered orally (instilled by oral gavage). The chemoprotective response of HEMKLE was evident by inhibition in tumor incidence, mean tumor volume, mean tumor burden, total number of tumors, and tumor size in Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) when compared to Group II (DMBA/TPA). HEMKLE administration also decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and increased the antioxidants enzyme activities in Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) when compared to Group II (DMBA/TPA) that suggests its antioxidant potential. HEMKLE administration also increased the mRNA and protein expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and decreased the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 in Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) when compared to Group II (DMBA/TPA) that suggest its apoptosis-inducing effect on DMBA/TPA induced skin carcinogenesis.
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