Pośpiech J, Kowalczyk KA, Stefura T
… +2 more, Robak R, Wysocki WM
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899079
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INTRODUCTION: Acute cholecystitis (AC) is a condition that requires surgical treatment. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is considered the gold standard. Based on routine blood tests, it is possible to determine the neu...INTRODUCTION: Acute cholecystitis (AC) is a condition that requires surgical treatment. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is considered the gold standard. Based on routine blood tests, it is possible to determine the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which accurately characterizes the body's systemic inflammatory response. The NLR is used as a prognostic tool in many gastrointestinal diseases and may therefore be useful in the diagnosis of AC. AIM: The objective of this study is to assess the prognostic value of the NLR index in the course of AC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of patients with AC who underwent LC. The study analyzed the following factors: emergency or elective admission, white blood cell count and bilirubin levels which are the part of preoperative laboratory tests, intraoperative complications such as gallbladder perforation and empyema formation, surgery duration, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: The study involved 306 patients treated with LC. In the group of patients with NLR >5, there was a statistically significant correlation with higher risk of emergency admission, elevated bilirubin levels, higher risk of empyema, longer surgery time and hospital stay. We did not find an association between the NLR index and the risk of gallbladder perforation or patient gender. CONCLUSIONS: High NLR values are associated with an increased risk of complications during AC. Therefore, this predictor can be successfully used in clinical practice to identify the severe course of cholecystitis.
Krefft M, Mulek R, Pakiet A
… +2 more, Janik M, Major P
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899078
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INTRODUCTION: Bariatric surgery is critical for management of pathological obesity. In Poland, there is a paucity of data regarding bariatric care in the private sector. AIM: This study evaluates the characteristics of p...INTRODUCTION: Bariatric surgery is critical for management of pathological obesity. In Poland, there is a paucity of data regarding bariatric care in the private sector. AIM: This study evaluates the characteristics of private bariatric centres in terms of performed procedure types, regional distribution, and the level of care in comparison to public facilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An online survey was distributed to bariatric centres in Poland. Collected data included numbers and types of bariatric procedures performed in 2023 and centre characteristics. Responses were analysed using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with significance set at p <0.05. RESULTS: 7 of 54 surveyed centres were private and performed 872 bariatric surgeries (9.1% of the total procedures in Poland). The most common type of surgery was laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in both sectors (70.1% in private, 83.1% in public). Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) was exclusive to private centres. Significant regional disparities were noted. The level of care was comparable with public hospitals. Private centres offered significantly shorter wait times (median 1.5 months vs. 4 months in public). DISCUSSION: Private centers demonstrated comparable care standards to public facilities, with certified surgeons, multidisciplinary teams, and postoperative support. Factors such as cost and regional disparities can limit the access to private healthcare. CONCLUSIONS: One in ten bariatric procedures in Poland are performed in private centers. These centers offer similar procedure types and quality standards as public hospitals while providing shorter wait times and procedures unavailable in the nationalized healthcare system, such as ESG.
Jaglarz-Biały K, Konturek A, Jagła J
… +4 more, Orzeł A, Król-Dyrek K, Frączek J, Krośniak M
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899077
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UNLABELLED: Anthocyanins are a group of organic compounds believed to show anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antioxidant, pro-apoptotic effects. For these reasons, anthocyanins may potentially be lied in the cancer...UNLABELLED: Anthocyanins are a group of organic compounds believed to show anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antioxidant, pro-apoptotic effects. For these reasons, anthocyanins may potentially be lied in the cancer chemoprevention as well as in providing a metabolic support during oncological treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the antioxidant activity and analyze the content of bioactive substances in selected freeze-dried fruit species in order to determine the optimal source of anthocyanins for subsequent clinical trials involving patients undergoing treatment for colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study employed freeze-dried fruits of chokeberry, blackberry, strawberry and raspberries: black, yellow and red. The total antioxidant activity was determined using the FRAP, the DPPH method and total polyphenol by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Chokeberry exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, as measured by the FRAP method, followed by black raspberry, blackberry, strawberry, yellow and red raspberry. The highest content of polyphenols was found in chokeberry and black raspberry, while the other fruits had relatively lower levels. Black raspberry fruits contained the highest concentration of anthocyanins. The highest concentration of vitamin C was detected in yellow raspberry fruits. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Based on biochemical analysis and considering organoleptic properties, particularly taste and the potential for good tolerance of the formulation by patients, freeze-dried fruits of black raspberry and strawberry were selected for clinical study on the use of anthocyanins in the nutritional and metabolic support of patients undergoing treatment for colorectal cancer.
Kozlov M, Ehsaei B, Winkler G
… +4 more, Fogel J, Chopuryan Z, Moraru L, Ivanyuk M
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899076
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BACKGROUND: Bereavement support can benefit caregivers suffering from the loss of a loved one. We report successes and challenges of a randomized clinical trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to supportive...BACKGROUND: Bereavement support can benefit caregivers suffering from the loss of a loved one. We report successes and challenges of a randomized clinical trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to supportive care counseling for caregivers. METHODS: We recruited caregivers of individuals who previously received palliative care treatment and were now deceased. The study was conducted in a public hospital in New York City predominantly serving low-income patients. Treatments were either CBT or supportive care counseling. Treatment consisted of eight sessions over six months. Outcomes were measured at three and six months. Outcomes were the Bereavement Experience Questionnaire-24 (BEQ-24) which contains three subscales of existential loss/emotional needs, guilt/blame/anger, and preoccupation with thoughts of deceased and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) which measures depressive symptoms. RESULTS: Only two people were enrolled in the trial and 101 people declined to participate. For both CBT and supportive care counseling, there were reduced bereavement symptoms for BEQ-24 existential loss/emotional needs, BEQ-24 preoccupation with thoughts of deceased, and PHQ-9 depressive symptoms from baseline to six months. For supportive care counseling, BEQ-24 guilt/blame/anger increased from baseline to six months while CBT had the same value from baseline to six months. The most common reason (87.1%) for declining to participate was that support was available elsewhere. CONCLUSIONS: Both treatment approaches appear beneficial for improving bereavement and depressive symptoms except for BEQ-24 guilt/blame/anger. Clinicians recruiting those with bereavement from public hospitals serving low-income patients may find it challenging to recruit participants.
Czupryna A, Kózka M, Wawok P
… +2 more, Ciszowski K, Gryglewski RW
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899075
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Jan (Johann) Mikulicz-Radecki (1850-1905) was one of the most illustrious surgeons in the history of medicine, and eponyms in modern medicine bearing his name are still numerous. In this paper we present only a small par...Jan (Johann) Mikulicz-Radecki (1850-1905) was one of the most illustrious surgeons in the history of medicine, and eponyms in modern medicine bearing his name are still numerous. In this paper we present only a small part of his achievements, focusing on oncological aspects and narrowing our investigation to the period of 1882-1887, when Mikulicz was a professor in the Medical Faculty of Jagiellonian University, in Krakow.
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899074
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BACKGROUND: Eye injuries are a serious problem and may result in reduced visual acuity. The most common eye injuries include corneal damage, often involving the presence of a foreign body. OCT examination of the anterior...BACKGROUND: Eye injuries are a serious problem and may result in reduced visual acuity. The most common eye injuries include corneal damage, often involving the presence of a foreign body. OCT examination of the anterior segment - AS OCT - may be a valuable test in the diagnostics and follow-up of patients in whom the presence of a foreign body after eye trauma is suspected. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors present the case of a young man diagnosed with multiple, glass, intrastromal corneal foreign bodies. A 30-year-old patient visited an ophthalmologist a few days after an eye injury accompanied by the breaking of a glass object. Initially, only a non-penetrating corneal wound was diagnosed. During the examination, the ophthalmologist noticed a small shard of glass coming from the wound. The small glass foreign body was removed and the patient was advised to consult a center of higher reference. The patient reported to the Department of Ophthalmology and Ocular Oncology at Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Poland, 2 weeks after the injury. Slit lamp examination did not provide a clear answer as to the presence of glass fragments in the cornea. The wound was healed. The eyeball showed no signs of irritation. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was performed, which revealed small pieces of glass. The patient did not consent to wound revision. The patient's follow-up lasted 4 years. During this time, no signs of post-traumatic eye irritation or corneal edema were observed, and visual acuity did not deteriorate. CONCLUSIONS: AS-OCT examination enables accurate diagnosis of the presence and location of glass foreign bodies in the cornea. Glass, as an inert material, does not tend to cause inflammation of the cornea and anterior segment. The patient requires further regular ophthalmological follow-up.
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899073
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In 2022, an estimated 660 000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer worldwide and about 350 000 women died from the disease. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infecti...In 2022, an estimated 660 000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer worldwide and about 350 000 women died from the disease. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. However, only a small percentage of high-risk (HR) HPV infections progress to cervical precancer and cancer. In this study, we presented the role of the cervicovaginal microbiome(CVM) in the natural history of HPV infection. Non-viral factors associated with the outcomes of HR-HPV infections have not been fully elucidated. While smoking, hormonal contraceptive use, and parity are associated with developing precancer and cancer, systemic and local immune responses are thought to be important for clearance and control of infection. In addition, specific host immune regulatory alleles are associated with risk of cervical cancer development. There is a strong association between changes in vaginal microbiota and persistent HPV infection, and improving vaginal microbial environment would reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.
Kurnik-Łucka M, Khan N, Skowron K
… +5 more, Boryczko A, Jurczyk M, Stach P, Latacz G, Gil K
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 40899072
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Studies have shown important interactions between the local renin-angiotensin and monoaminergic systems in physiology and pathophysiology. Yet the understanding of such interactions in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and...Studies have shown important interactions between the local renin-angiotensin and monoaminergic systems in physiology and pathophysiology. Yet the understanding of such interactions in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and GI-associated diseases is the least understood. Thus, the aim of our study was to characterize the expression pattern of DDC and ACE2 along the GI tract (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon) of control female Wistar rats.
Cibor D, Jablonski K, Owczarek D
… +1 more, Zwolińska-Wcisło M
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970364
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OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism of IL-6-174G/C and the disease course in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: 105 patients...OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism of IL-6-174G/C and the disease course in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: 105 patients (aged 18-75 years) with diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 50 with CD, and 55 with UC, were involved in the study. The controls consisted of 124 healthy individuals. In all patients, the following parameters were evaluated: disease duration, location, presence of complications, and past surgical procedures. Morphology, biochemical parameters, fibrinogen, interleukin 6 (IL-6) level, and IL-6 single nucleotide (174 G/C) polymorphism were assessed in all subjects. Associations of those markers with disease activity, location, complications, and inflammatory markers were evaluated. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences in IL-6 single nucleotide (174 G/C) polymorphism were observed between patients with UC, CD, and controls. In IBD patients with the GG genotype, a higher mean IL-6 level was noticed than in patients with other genotypes (4.685 ± 5.9 vs. 2.715 ± 5.1 in GC and 3.186 ± 3.6 in CC). A positive correlation was found between IL-6 and fibrinogen levels and CRP in UC and CD patients with GG and GC genotypes. In IBD patients with CC genotype, no correlation between IL-6 and fibrinogen was found (p = 0.48). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of developing IBD appears not connected with IL-6 polymorphism. However, IL-6 variation might influence the course of the disease in UC patients.
Dworak M, Stolcman-Mrugała K, Gałuszka Z
… +3 more, Pasierb K, Chrzan R, Składzień J
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970363
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Intraorbital foreign bodies still remain an unsolved and serious diagnostic problem. Due to the complicated anatomical orbital structure, both the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries are considered to be one of the...Intraorbital foreign bodies still remain an unsolved and serious diagnostic problem. Due to the complicated anatomical orbital structure, both the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries are considered to be one of the most challenging. We present a case of a metallic foreign body (a bullet) imbeded in the orbit of a 10-year-old boy. Only after performing computed tomography imaging using the metal artifacts reduction algorithm it was possible to properly localize the foreign body. The issue of intraorbital foreign bodies is interdisciplinary and requires the co-operation between many specialists, including ophthalmologists, otorhinolaryngologists and radiologists.
Tęsiorowski M, Rembiasz K, Czupryna A
… +2 more, Pawlik W, Gryglewski RW
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970362
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Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) is now an obvious part of forensic medicine, a discipline with its own methodology, scientific aims and practical goals. Roots of it are in experimental work of Polish physician Eduard P...Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) is now an obvious part of forensic medicine, a discipline with its own methodology, scientific aims and practical goals. Roots of it are in experimental work of Polish physician Eduard Piotrowski, with results published in 1895. Significance of it was not immediately recognized. In this paper we aim to show why and how Piotrowski's model for BPA was finally incorporated into the realm of medical tradition.
Nowak J, Sikora M, Drabik M
… +4 more, Kurek M, Wieczorek-Surdacka E, Chyrchel B, Popiela T
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970361
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Myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) expansion is associated with myocardial abnormalities such as interstitial fibrosis, inflammation or amyloid deposition. Our aim was to search for correlates of ECV fraction (ECVF) d...Myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) expansion is associated with myocardial abnormalities such as interstitial fibrosis, inflammation or amyloid deposition. Our aim was to search for correlates of ECV fraction (ECVF) derived from routine cardiac computed tomography (CT) of real-world patients. We retrospectively derived ECVF from archived chest CT scans performed in 103 patients (51 women and 52 men; mean age: 66 ± 13 years) during a diagnostic work-up based on clinical indications. From recorded echocardiographic images, we calculated indices of left ventricular (LV) structure and function, including systolic (S') and diastolic (E' and A') mitral annular velocities. There were no significant relations between ECVF and clinical or echocardiographic parameters. LV function was comparable according to median ECVF (24.7%) (S': 10.4 ± 4.1 vs. 9.5 ± 8.0 cm/s; E': 9.2 ± 3.4 vs. 9.4 ± 3.1 cm/s; E'/A' ratio: 1.0 ± 0.6 vs. 1.2 ± 0.9; E/E' ratio: 9.0 ± 4.8 vs. 9.4 ± 5.8 for ECVF above and below the median, respectively). S' and E' were positively correlated in 52 subjects with an over-median ECVF (r = 0.46, p = 0.001), in contrast to their 51 counterparts with a below-median ECVF (r = 0.15, p = 0.3). In conclusion, ECV expansion might be associated with a marked interdependence of S' and E', corresponding to systolic and early diastolic LV performance, respectively. As E' is a rough surrogate index of LV active relaxation, these findings could reflect a contribution of LV fibrosis to early LV diastolic dysfunction, known to coincide with discrete LV long-axis systolic dysfunction. Further studies are warranted to investigate relations between CT-derived ECVF and LV mechanics.
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970360
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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a descriptive term for a complex of symptoms and signs, including pain, swelling and vasomotor disturbances. The disease causes also functional impairment of the affected extremit...Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a descriptive term for a complex of symptoms and signs, including pain, swelling and vasomotor disturbances. The disease causes also functional impairment of the affected extremity and limitation in daily activities. Even after effective treatment, the condition frequently leaves residual symptoms and impairment of the limb. The objective of this study was assessment of the level of functional impairment in patients who got over CRPS. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients, 45 women (86%) and 7 men (14%) in a mean age of 57 years who were got over CRPS were asked to fill 2 questionnaires for assessment of function of their upper limbs in daily living. The questionnaires included the Raadboud Skills Questionnaire (the RASQ) and the Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (the DASH). Results of this study show statistically significant differences in functional impairment of the limbs between the groups with different recovery status and duration of CRPS: the patients with longer lasting disease and those, who did not feel recovered showed greater functional impairment of their limbs than remaining patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that, in spite of a satisfactory outcome of treatment, significant long- term sequelae of the disease impair function of the affected limbs and reduce quality of life in a proportion of patients.
Stawarz-Janeczek M, Curlej-Wądrzyk A, Pytko-Polończyk J
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970359
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Magnesium is one of the bioelements necessary for proper human functioning. It is classified as a macronutrient. Together with calcium and phosphorus, it is the main building component of teeth. It has antibacterial prop...Magnesium is one of the bioelements necessary for proper human functioning. It is classified as a macronutrient. Together with calcium and phosphorus, it is the main building component of teeth. It has antibacterial properties, as consequence of which it can impede the formation of biofilm and thus reduce inflammation caused by bacterial toxins. Along with calcium, phosphorus and vitamins, magnesium helps maintain the health of the human body. The scientific literature contains an increasing number of studies describing new methods for preventing caries resulting from interference with the oral microbiome. Modification of the microbiome and the use of prebiotics may prove to be groundbreaking. Magnesium may have the potential to function as a prebiotic because it promotes the colonization of commensal streptococci in the oral cavity. By changing the oral microbiome, it could play an important role in dental caries prevention. Nanotechnology is a new concept of material production that has emerged both in dentistry and other fields. In view of the resistance of certain bacteria to antibiotics and other bactericidal agents, alternative dental materials with increased antibacterial properties are being sought by adding antibacterial nanoparticles (NP) to their composition. One of the most commonly used metal oxides is magnesium oxide. Its antibacterial action involves disrupting the bacterial cell membrane. It seems that nanoparticles may be promising fillers for dental composites. However, due to the limited character of the clinical trials to date, there is a need for further experiments.
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970358
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Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a muscular subset of temporomandibular joint disorders, that can cause orofacial pain. They can be triggered by overactive masticatory muscles due to prolonged disclusion times (DT),...Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a muscular subset of temporomandibular joint disorders, that can cause orofacial pain. They can be triggered by overactive masticatory muscles due to prolonged disclusion times (DT), occlusal interferences, and occlusal surface friction. Regarding diagnostics, digital occlusal analysis systems are used to determine the parameters of opposing tooth contact and pressure, the ratio of forces on the right and left sides of the oral cavity, to accurately calculate disclusion and occlusion times, and to precisely measure resultant force during maximum and partial intercuspidation. Even though they can be an appropriate tool in modern orthodontic and prosthodontics treatments, these methods are rarely used for patients undergoing multidisciplinary treatment. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on the clinical application of digital occlusal analysis in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders using next-generation systems (T-Scan Novus III, Occlusense) and to identify future research directions for the use of this technology.
Sporek M, Dumnicka P, Maziarz B
… +2 more, Laskowska A, Kuśnierz-Cabala B
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970357
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INTRODUCTION: Recent decades brought important insights into the role of vitamin D, showing, among others, its anti-inflammatory properties. Studies linked vitamin D deficiency with higher incidence and worse outcomes of...INTRODUCTION: Recent decades brought important insights into the role of vitamin D, showing, among others, its anti-inflammatory properties. Studies linked vitamin D deficiency with higher incidence and worse outcomes of acute inflammatory conditions. Several studies reported low vitamin D status in acute pancreatitis (AP), however, its association with AP severity is not clear, and there are no such studies in Polish population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations of 25-OH-D at the early phase (the first three days) of AP, to assess the changes in vitamin D concentrations in that period, and to study the relationship with AP severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective observational study included adult patients with AP admitted within the first 24 h from the onset of symptoms. Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured at 24, 48 and 72 h from the AP onset, using electrochemiluminescent assay. RESULTS: Initial 25-OH-D was not associated with AP severity. In patients who developed moderately severe to severe AP and pancreatic necrosis, the decrease in 25-OH-D over two consecutive days was higher comparing to mild AP. The change in 25-OH-D concentrations during the first three days of AP was significantly correlated with inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, leukocyte count, D-dimer), total calcium, hematocrit, and platelet count. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed the decrease in 25-OH-D in AP; however, it cannot be reliably used as an early prognostic factor of severity in AP as it appears too late from the onset of symptoms and its diagnostic accuracy is low.
Pihut M, Kulesa-Mrowiecka M, Olszewski A
… +1 more, Gala A
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970356
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UNLABELLED: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD), occurring in the form of articular disc displacement with- out reduction is one of the most serious and common forms of dysfunction. The aim of this article was to present a...UNLABELLED: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD), occurring in the form of articular disc displacement with- out reduction is one of the most serious and common forms of dysfunction. The aim of this article was to present a complete sequence of procedures and intervention that consequently led to the resolution of symptoms in most patients, associated with disc displacement without reduction and the resolution of joint's pain, as well as favorable results of treatment of disc displacement with reduction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A group of 128 patients (86 females, 42 males) aged 20 to 42 years old, diagnosed with disc displacement without reduction undertook treatment at the Prosthodontics Clinic of the University Dental Clinic in Krakow, in period January 2020 - June 2024. Diagnosis of the condition was made on the basis of the DC/TMD (Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) questionnaire axis I (reduction in mouth opening <35 mm, oblique lowering path of mandibular motion, pain of the joint) and the results of ultrasonography (USG) of the temporomandibular joints. 121 patients reported experiencing intrinsic pain and 7 patients presented for treatment without feeling pain. RESULT: Analysis of the results of the carried-out tests (maximal mouth opening, mandibular lowering trajectory deviation and pain intensity VAS + VNRS scale indicate that the displaced articular disc was unblocked and a statistically significant improvement in the clinical condition of the temporomandibular joints was achieved. CONCLUSION: The proposed sequence of procedures carried out is an effective treatment for displacement of the articular disc with no reduction.
Doroszewska K, Zapała B, Stefura T
… +1 more, Milewicz T
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970355
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Gestational diabetes is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy. Numerous studies have shown the gut microbiota changes significantly during pregnancy and intestinal microbiota also influences the dev...Gestational diabetes is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy. Numerous studies have shown the gut microbiota changes significantly during pregnancy and intestinal microbiota also influences the development of diabetes during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to review the studies about gut microbiome in gestational diabetes.
Michalak P, Polak-Ślósarczyk P, Dyduch-Dudek W
… +5 more, Kęsek B, Zarzecka-Francica E, Styrna M, Czekaj Ł, Zarzecka J
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970354
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The aim was to analyse the results of the oral mycological examination and the relationship with selected parameters of the questionnaire and clinical examination. The study included 50 residents of the Municipal Health...The aim was to analyse the results of the oral mycological examination and the relationship with selected parameters of the questionnaire and clinical examination. The study included 50 residents of the Municipal Health Centre for Older and Dependent Individuals and 30 participants in a three-month rehabilitation programme at the Daily Medical Care House. The study examined the following: type of prosthetic restorations, hygiene of removable dentures using the Ambjörnsen index, denture stomatitis according to Newton's classification, pathologies of the oral mucosa according to the classification of Górska and their localisation, mycological examination. Mycological examination was mostly positive (MHCOD 80%, DMCH 81%). The Ambjörnsen index indicated that 72% of residents with a positive mycological result had inadequate denture hygiene. The most frequently isolated fungal species were Candida albicans (89%) and Candida glabrata (39%). In 51% of the cases more than 1 fungal species was isolated. Fungal infection of the oral cavity often took place without ac- companying subjective symptoms and increased the risk of red lesions. Abundant and very abundant growth increased a risk of white lesions on the tongue. Senior patients are at an increased risk of developing oral fungal lesions. As infections often occur without subjective symptoms, it is important to include this group in systematic check-ups. Oral candidiasis is typically identified incidentally during routine examination or in instances of intense proliferation, manifesting as mucosal lesions. This emphasises the role of a detailed examination of the whole mouth. Because of the lack of adherence to proper hygiene is a risk factor for fungal infection, it is crucial to educate both seniors and care staff regarding proper oral hygiene.
Folia Med Cracov
· 2024 Dec · PMID 39970353
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The paper entitled "Ethics in cardiac surgery, the new times. Philosophy in the background" concentrates on the currently most preoccupying issues of medical deontology which are related to practicing the profession of a...The paper entitled "Ethics in cardiac surgery, the new times. Philosophy in the background" concentrates on the currently most preoccupying issues of medical deontology which are related to practicing the profession of a cardiac surgeon. In the background of his considerations the author refers to the philosophy of medicine. The paper discusses the dilemmas resulting from the lack of understanding of the essence of camaraderie, excessive ambition and responsibility in everyday activity in cardiac surgery. The article ends with sad reflections on the constant problems with which the Polish medicine has to struggle when faced with the degradation of the profession of a physician, excessive bureaucracy, endless haste, legal requirements obligatory in the modern highly commercialized world, underfinancing of the health care sector and shortage of personnel.