Nigerian Journal Of Medicine[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Comparative effects of single shot low dose spinal bupivacaine only and bupivacaine with fentanyl on labour outcome.
Otokwala JG, Fyneface-Ogan S, Mato CN
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283084
BACKGROUND: Childbirth has been recognised as the most painful experience known to women. This study aimed at studying the efficacy and safety of the single shot spinal analgesia for pain relief in labour. MATERIALS AND...
BACKGROUND: Childbirth has been recognised as the most painful experience known to women. This study aimed at studying the efficacy and safety of the single shot spinal analgesia for pain relief in labour. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twelve parturients in labour were randomized into two groups of 55 paturients each. Group B received 2.5 mg of spinal plain bupivacaine only while Group BF had 2.5 mg plain bupivacaine with 25 gg of fentanyl. Onset of sensory block, time to achieve maximum sensory block, duration of sensory and motor block and the level of block were recorded. The need for oxytocin augmentation, instrumental delivery, neonatal Apgar scores and umbilical artery blood pH were recorded. RESULTS: The numeric rating pain scores for groups B and BF were significantly reduced from a mean prespinal score of 8.17 +/- 0.96 cm and 8.30 +/- 0.23 cm respectively to a mean post-spinal pain score of 0.23 +/- 0.45 cm and 0.09 +/- 0.47 cm respectively, p = 0.000. The mean duration of analgesia in Group B was 61.60 +/- 6.47 mins while it was 128.98 +/- 21.61 mins in Group BF, p = 0.000. CONCLUSION: The study showed that low dose spinal bupivacaine either alone or in combination with fentanyl is safe for labour analgesia, but the combination f bupivacaine with fentanyl provided much more prolonged pain relief
Neonatal head injury unrelated to birth trauma in South-East Nigeria.
Uche EO, Emejulu JK, Ekenze SO … +2 more , Okorie E, Uche NJ
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283083
BACKGROUND: Neonatal head trauma resulting from causes other than birth trauma has rarely been the focus of many a research theme in the literature. AIM/OBJECTIVE: To highlight the occurrence of non-birth trauma related...
BACKGROUND: Neonatal head trauma resulting from causes other than birth trauma has rarely been the focus of many a research theme in the literature. AIM/OBJECTIVE: To highlight the occurrence of non-birth trauma related neonatal head injury, and evaluate the causes and outcome of treatment. METHODS: A 3 year retrospective review of neonatal patients with head injury from two tertiary hospitals in South-East Nigeria between July 2009 and June 2012 (n-37). Data was collected from patients' birth and medical records. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 15. RESULT: Among the one hundred and seventy-six cases (11.78)% pediatric head injury cases seen, thirty seven (2.48)% occurred in neonatal patients. The most common cause of head injury was fall 22 cases [59.5%]. Children of mothers with low educational qualification were more likely to sustain falls 22 cases (59.5%). Road traffic accident (n = 15) was associated with more severe injuries and poorer outcome. Operative treatment was associated with increased mortality (two of three cases). The mortality rate in our series is 8.10%. CONCLUSION: Reduction of neonatal head trauma could be achieved through improved maternal education.
Non-immune hydrops fetalis.
Okeke TC, Egbugara MN, Ezenyeaku CC … +1 more , Ikeako LC
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283082
BACKGROUND: Non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is a rare fetal condition with a very high mortality in spite of advances in prenatal diagnostic techniques, early detection, and individualized management. Despite advanceme...
BACKGROUND: Non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is a rare fetal condition with a very high mortality in spite of advances in prenatal diagnostic techniques, early detection, and individualized management. Despite advancement in fetal therapy and rapidly developing new knowledge about the aetiology and prenatal diagnosis, its management has remained controversial. METHODS: This is a descriptive review ofNIHF. RESULTS: NIHF is a rare fetal condition that presents in an extremely acute manner with almost 90% mortality. Fetal cardiac anomalies are the most common cause and chromosome anomalies are the second-most-common cause. The worst prognosis was related to prematurity, severe hydrops, anaemia, cardiac malformations, chromosomal disorders and congenital infections. Fetal interventions includeboth medical and surgical modalities. CONCLUSION: NIHF is a rare condition with high prenatal mortality. The exact pathophysiology is still poorly understood. It is important to detect NIHF early, diagnose the underlying cause and institute appropriate treatment. There is need for autopsy of all fetuses or neonates who die from NIHF.
Doctors and exercise.
Okechi UC
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283081
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Choriocarcinoma in Enugu, South east Nigeria: a need for a shift from mortality to survival.
Dim CC, Ezegwui HU
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180158
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of cancer in Nigeria is often translated to mean an imminent death for the patients. This contrasts the situation in some developed settings where cancer survivorship and its management have evo...
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of cancer in Nigeria is often translated to mean an imminent death for the patients. This contrasts the situation in some developed settings where cancer survivorship and its management have evolved. Choriocarcinoma is a rare but curable tumour so; it became necessary to review cases of this curable cancer managed at a tertiary health center in a typical resourced-constrained setting. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of consecutive choriocarcinoma cases managed at a tertiary hospital in Enugu, South-eastern Nigeria over a five year period. Data analysis was descriptive. RESULTS: Five non-metastatic and 10 metastatic cases of choriocarcinoma were managed. The mean age of patients was 33.6 +/- 9.1 years. All patients had vaginal bleeding with a mean duration of 4 +/- 5.19 months. The commonest predisposing factor and metastatic site were abortion (46.7%) and lungs (40.0%) respectively. The mean unit of blood transfusion during treatment was 5.3 +/- 3.8 units. Eight patients (53.3%) died on admission while 7 (46.7%) were lost to follow-up during chemotherapy 20.0% or after chemotherapy (26.7%). CONCLUSION: The case fatality for choriocarcinoma and loss of patients to follow-up in Enugu, Nigeria were high. To shift from this situation of high mortality to that of survival, an improved follow-up of post-abortal patients and aggressive tracing of defaulters are recommended.
Vision 2020 the right to sight: where exactly are we in Nigeria?
Adio AO, Nathaniel GI
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180157
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Sideswipes injuries of upper limbs: a case series report and review of literature.
Nwadinigwe CU, Ekwunife RT
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180156
BACKGROUND: Sideswipe injuries are consequent to object striking an elbow on the window edge of a moving vehicle. It often results in severe soft tissue and bony injuries or partial amputation of the upper limb. Function...
BACKGROUND: Sideswipe injuries are consequent to object striking an elbow on the window edge of a moving vehicle. It often results in severe soft tissue and bony injuries or partial amputation of the upper limb. Functional outcome in most patients is poor. The aim is to highlight the occurrence and functional outcome of these injuries. METHOD: In our series we report three cases which presented to us in succession within four weeks. RESULTS: Two of the patients were passengers of commercial buses while one patient is the driver of a private car. Two were males. All were protruding their arm from the open vehicle window at the time of impact. All presented within five hours of injury. All sustained open fracture-dislocations. All were managed with external fixation and soft tissue cover. They all had poor outcome as evidenced by joint stiffness. CONCLUSION: The functional outcome of such injuries is usually poor especially if the dominant limb is involved. Therefore the need for prevention cannot be overemphasized. Simple measures like ensuring that no part of the limb is Sticking outside a moving vehicle, winding up glass up to mid window level etc will greatly reduce the occurrence of these injuries.
An unusual foreign body in the ear of an elderly Nigerian patient.
Sogebi OA, Oloko MA, Adebajo AO … +1 more , Anifowose OT
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180155
This was a case of an incidental finding of an unusual foreign body in the right ear of an elderly Nigerian patient. The mode of presentation, the manner of discovery and how it was managed successfully were highlighted....
This was a case of an incidental finding of an unusual foreign body in the right ear of an elderly Nigerian patient. The mode of presentation, the manner of discovery and how it was managed successfully were highlighted. We reported this case to create awareness, and encourage physicians to always observe effluents obtained from irrigation of body cavities for confirmation of diagnosis and documentation.
Management outcomes of abruptio placentae at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Igwegbe AO, Eleje GU, Okpala BC
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180154
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to determine incidence, risk factors and management outcomes of abruptio placentae (AP) and comparing them with cases without AP who delivered within the same period. METHODS: A...
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to determine incidence, risk factors and management outcomes of abruptio placentae (AP) and comparing them with cases without AP who delivered within the same period. METHODS: A 10 year retrospective study of AP managed at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria, between January 2001 and December 2010 was undertaken. Proforma was initially used for data collection before transfer to Epi-info 2008 software. Test of associations were evaluated and P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Sixty nine cases out of a total delivery of 8,811 were seen, giving an incidence of 0.8%. The mean age and parity of women with AP were 30.8 +/- 0.9 years and 4.1 +/- 0.6 respectively and majority (78.3%) of cases were unbooked (p = 0.0019). Grand multiparity and age = 35 years were significant risk factors ( p < 0.05). Fifty two (75.4%) cases were delivered by caesarean section (c/s) ( P = 0.0000). The sex ratio was 160 ( p = 0.0134). The overall maternal mortality ratio during the study period was 987 per 100,000 live births with AP contributing 3.8% of the maternal deaths while perinatal mortality rate was 52.2%. CONCLUSION: A significant number of cases have high perinatal mortality. Unbooked, high parity, advanced maternal age and previous c/s scar were significant aetiological risk factors.
Irreducible inguinal hernias in the paediatric age group.
Ezomike UO, Ekenze SO, Amah CC
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180153
BACKGROUND: An inguinal hernia is said to be irreducible when the content fails to return into the peritoneal cavity without surgical intervention. Irreducibility is an ever present risk in untreated inguinal hernias and...
BACKGROUND: An inguinal hernia is said to be irreducible when the content fails to return into the peritoneal cavity without surgical intervention. Irreducibility is an ever present risk in untreated inguinal hernias and its management remains an important part of pediatric surgery practice. When a hernia is irreducible, morbidity and mortality increase This risk of irreducibility is more in some patient groups. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all irreducible inguinal hernias in children of both sexes from neonatal age to 15 years who presented at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital from January 2000 to June 2010 and needed emergency groin exploration when reduction failed on conservative management. RESULTS: There were 25 irreducible inguinal hernias requiring emergency groin exploration. This represents 10.2% of all inguinal hernias managed within the period, with a male:female ratio of 11.5:1. Nineteen (76%) were on the right while six (24%) were on the left. Forty percent (40%) of the irreducible hernias were in older infants. Sixty-seven (67%) of the neonatal hernias presented as irreducible. There were 3 bowel resections (12% bowel resection rate), 2 testicular losses (8% testicular loss rate) and one death (4% mortality). CONCLUSION: There is a high rate of irreducibility of inguinal hernias in neonates, and in right-sided hernias Identification of risk factors in and risk stratification of patients with uncomplicated inguinal hernias will help reduce the rate of irreducible inguinal hernias and their attendant morbidities.
The clinical and laboratory features of plasma cell neoplasialn the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.
Omunakwe HE, Korubo KI, Onodingene N … +1 more , Nwauche CA
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180152
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and laboratory features of Multiple Myeloma at presentation in a tertiary centre in Port Harcourt Southern Nigeria. METHODS: The medical records of all patients diagnosed for plasma cel...
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and laboratory features of Multiple Myeloma at presentation in a tertiary centre in Port Harcourt Southern Nigeria. METHODS: The medical records of all patients diagnosed for plasma cell neoplasia within a 10 year period at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical presentation, investigation results, support and specific therapy used were documented. RESULTS: A total 20 patients were diagnosed with multiple myeloma, 70% were male, the mean age was 61.30 +/- 8.8 years, 50% of them had pathological fractures. The mean duration before presentation was 11.89 +/- 11.7 months (Median = 7 months) and associated with poor outcome. The most common method treatment was chemotherapy with Melphalan and Predisolone. CONCLUSION: MM is a disease of the elderly that can negatively impact on the quality of life due to the complications associated with it. A long duration of symptoms before presentation is a common problem and it has been associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in this study.
Patients' satisfaction with the healthcare services at a north central Nigerian tertiary hospital.
Adekanye AO, Adefemi SA, Okuku AG … +3 more , Onawola KA, Adeleke IT, James JA
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180151
BACKGROUND: This study sought to determine the level of satisfaction of patients with the healthcare services at Federal Medical Centre, Bida (FMCB) Nigeria and the factors associated with patients' satisfaction. METHODS...
BACKGROUND: This study sought to determine the level of satisfaction of patients with the healthcare services at Federal Medical Centre, Bida (FMCB) Nigeria and the factors associated with patients' satisfaction. METHODS: The study utilized exit interview of 480 patients, sampled at the 9 service points of the Centre. The questions covered socio-demographic factors and the 3 core elements of healthcare service delivery namely quality, access and interpersonal issues. The evaluation of satisfaction on the 5 point Likert scale were categorized into dissatisfied {very dissatisfied, dissatisfied and Neutral} and satisfied {satisfied and very satisfied}, setting the threshold for satisfaction at a relatively higher level. RESULTS: On the overall, 78.5% of them were satisfied with the hospital services and 78.3% had their expectations met. Satisfaction was lowest (72.7%) at the revenue section and highest (96.1%) at the maternity section. Nine of every 10 respondents (91.7%) would recommend the facility to a friend. The patients' satisfaction had significant positive correlation with promptness of staff, communication level of staff, staff relationship with patients, environmental cleanliness and comfort facilities. Cost of services and delay in obtaining services had negative but relatively weak correlation with satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The observed level of patients' satisfaction at FMC Bida is high. This can be maintained and enhanced by improvement in waiting time, sustenance of the satisfactory hospital ambiance and staff attitude/aptitude. However, enlightenment of the hospital patients on the status of the hospital and the nature of services offered is necessary.
Oral health practices of adult inhabitants of a traditional community in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Lawal FB, Taiwo JO, Oke GA
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180150
BACKGROUND: Although, the association between oral health care practices and sociodemographic characteristics of populations have been documented, information is sparse on sociodemographic indices influencing oral health...
BACKGROUND: Although, the association between oral health care practices and sociodemographic characteristics of populations have been documented, information is sparse on sociodemographic indices influencing oral health practices of residents of traditional communities. The study aimed to describe the oral health practices of adult inhabitants of a traditional community in Nigeria. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving adult residents in randomly selected houses in Idikan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Data on their oral health care practices was obtained with the use of structured interviewer administered questionnaires. Data was analysed with SPSS and test of association carried out using Chi square. RESULTS: A total of 390 adult residents participated in the study, of which 56.2% were males. A total of 196 (50.3%) participants used toothbrush solely to clean their teeth, 72 (18.5%) used chewing sticks alone while 119 (30.5%) used both tooth brush and chewing stick. Older residents of the community, those with no formal education and in lower occupational classes were more likely to use chewing stick (p < 0.05). The majority (68.7%) cleaned their teeth once daily, 30% cleaned twice while 1.3% cleaned infrequently. Educational level attained and occupational class were significantly related to frequency of oral hygiene. Nearly all (95.4%) of the participants knew that oral health services are available in most hospitals, yet only 35.9% had ever visited a dental centre with a significantly higher proportion being males (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study showed that the oral health practices of a typical traditional community in Nigeria are highly influenced by socioeconomic considerations.
Single dose of dexamethasone for prevention of nausea and vomiting after major gynaecological surgery.
Olajumoke TO, Afolayan JM, Fashanu AO … +1 more , Adekunle MA
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180149
BACKGROUND: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complications following general anaesthesia and is a leading cause of morbidity following surgery. The mainstay of management them is by the use of antiem...
BACKGROUND: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complications following general anaesthesia and is a leading cause of morbidity following surgery. The mainstay of management them is by the use of antiemetic. METHOD: It was a randomized double blind placebo controlled study. The sample size was calculated as 90 from previous study with 10% attrition to make the 100. They were randomly divided into two groups; group B received dexamethasone prophylactically at induction while group A received placebo also at induction. All patients had balanced general anaesthesia and were taken to the recovery room postoperatively where incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting were recorded. Patients with incidences of nausea and vomiting were treated with 10 mg metoclopramide intravenously while postoperative complications that may be associated with dexametnasone prophylaxis were also noted. RESULTS: The groups were comparable with respect to demographic characteristics. More patients in group A (placebo group)) had incidence of nausea than group B (dexamethasone group) with p value of 0.01 and also more patients in group A had vomiting than group B with p value of 0.02; which was significant. The duration of stay in the recovery room for both groups A and B were however comparable with no statistical difference. CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone when given prophylactically at induction reduces incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynaecological surgeries.
Predictors of indoor insecticides spray utilization in the prevention of malaria related mosquito bites in Ogun State, Nigeria: a community based study.
Amoran OE, Ladi-Akinyemi AO, Fatugase OK
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180148
BACKGROUND: Modern medicine tends to interpret health in terms of medical interventions and to overemphasize the importance of medical technology. It is important to promote the concept of health as the result of the int...
BACKGROUND: Modern medicine tends to interpret health in terms of medical interventions and to overemphasize the importance of medical technology. It is important to promote the concept of health as the result of the interaction of human beings and their total environment. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A cluster sampling technique was used to select the participants into the study. The study was carried out between January 2012 and February 2012. One participant per household was selected into the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant information which was collated and analyzed using SPSS 15 statistical software. RESULTS: A total of 400 households were recruited into the study. The prevalence of insecticide spray utilization in the last 6months was 18.5%. Source of information on the use of insecticides included the radio/TV 174 (43.5%), Relatives 78 (19.5%), Health workers 54 (13.5%), friends 68 (17.0%) and others 26 (6.5%). Reasons for not using insecticides included being expensive (cost) 94 (23.5%), fear of side effect 16 (4.0%), Inconvenience 38 (9.5%) and un-availability 74 (18.5%). Predictors of utilization of insecticide spray were young age (< 30 yrs) of heads of household (OR = 5.10, CI = 1.06-21.7), tertiary education (OR = 9.14 CI = 1.13-53.08), Nuclear family structure (OR = 2.45 CI = 1.13-3.74) and availability of insecticide spray CONCLUSION: The study shows that households with heads that are young and educated are more likely use insecticide spray. The study indicates that programs that will be geared towards increasing the knowledge and awareness of indoor insecticide spray in the prevention of Malaria should be introduced at the community level.
An overview on the use of the laryngeal mask airway amongst anaesthesia practitioners in a developing country.
Onyekwulu FA, Nwosu AD
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180147
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to provide an overview on the use of the Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) amongst anaesthesia practitioners in Nigeria MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a multicentre questionnaire based stud...
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to provide an overview on the use of the Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) amongst anaesthesia practitioners in Nigeria MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a multicentre questionnaire based study involving eight tertiary health care institutions in Nigeria. The questionnaires were administered to anaesthetists. They were standardised open- and close-ended questions which were completed in person. The questionnaire was subdivided into a set of questions which include: status of the anaesthetist; the routine use of LMA in general anaesthesia and as a device for airway management in difficult airway. Statistical analyses were done by simple percentages. RESULTS: The numbers of respondents were seventy; 38 were junior residents, 20 were senior residents and 12 were consultants. Sixty (85.7%) respondent had personally used LMA, while 10 had never used it and they were all junior residents. Classic LMA was most commonly used (88%), followed by intubating LMA (7.5%), and proseal LMA (4.5%). Most of the respondents (67.1%) have used LMA in difficult airway management while 10% of respondents had used it in airway management during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The reason for not using LMA routinely for general anaesthesia was due to unavailability in 15.7% of respondents, inexperience in 8.6% and habitual in 30%. CONCLUSION: Airway management is a vital discipline in the specialty of anaesthesia. The use of LMA as an airway device in the practice of anaesthesia in our setting is inadequate. Training, re-training and continuous medical education of anaesthetists' very necessary to improve our practice.
Trend in the use of intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD ,TCU 380A), in Enugu, Nigeria.
Ezegwui HU, Nwogu-Ikojo EE, Ikeako LC … +1 more , Nweze S
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180146
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the acceptance rate and trend of Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) use in Enugu, Nigeria PATIENTS AND METHODS: A review of all new acceptors of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) over...
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the acceptance rate and trend of Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) use in Enugu, Nigeria PATIENTS AND METHODS: A review of all new acceptors of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) over a nine year period (1999-2007). RESULTS: A total of 133,375 clients were seen at the UNTH family planning clinic between 1999 and 2007. Out of 6,947 users of IUCD, during the period, 1,659 were new acceptors. The IUCD acceptance rate was 5.21%. Majority of the clients (29.7%) were aged 40 years and above. Eight hundred and forty seven (51.4%) had attained post secondary education. Majority of the clients (99.4%) were married . Twenty-six percent (26.0%) had completed their desired family size. Majority 1,359 (82.4%) did not use any method contraception prior to IUCD insertion. The commonest complication was menorrhagia (5.8%) and this was responsible for removal in 3.0% of cases. Eight (0.5%) and nine (0.6%) requested for removal for fear of causing cancer and migration to the brain or heart respectively. Two (0.1%) became pregnant while having the IUCD in-situ. Majority of the clients (50.5%) had the knowledge of lUCD through friends. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that IUCD (TCU 380A) is both safe and effective in Enugu, Nigeria. Its use is for both child spacing and limiting family size.
Prevalence of hyperuricaemia in a rural population of Nigerian Niger Delta region.
Alikor CA, Emem-Chioma PC, Odia OJ
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180145
INTRODUCTION: Hyperuricemia is a cardiovascular disease risk factor that has been poorly researched into in Africa and its prevalence is largely unknown in the rural areas in Nigeria and in the Niger Delta region of Nige...
INTRODUCTION: Hyperuricemia is a cardiovascular disease risk factor that has been poorly researched into in Africa and its prevalence is largely unknown in the rural areas in Nigeria and in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria in particular. METHODS: A cross-sectional rural survey involving 500 subjects aged 15 years and above. Demographic and social data were obtained using a questionnaire. Anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference) and blood pressure measurements were taken. Blood samples were taken for blood uric acid, glucose and lipid check. RESULTS: The mean age of the study subjects was 41.32 +/- 17.0 (males, 42.84 +/- 17.8; females, 40.62 +/- 16.6) with a range of 15 years to 95 years. The male to female ratio was 1:2.3. The mean serum uric acid was 337.58 +/- 94.59 mmol/l with a significant higher mean for females (males 333.20 +/- 88.70, females 339.56 +/- 97.21, p < 0.001). Hyperuricemia was found in 86 subject giving a prevalence of 17.2% with higher prevalence in males (males 25%, females 13.7%; x2 = 7.75, p = 0.006). Correlational analysis of serum uric acid with other parameters revealed that waist circumference, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and gender had significant association with uric acid. Male gender was found to be a significant predictor for hyperuricaemia following a logistic regression. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hyperuricemia is high in this rural community of study. There is need for more research considering the cardiovascular and other implications of hyperuricaemia.
Sleep disturbances in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Abbasi M, Yazdi Z, Rezaie N
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180144
BACKGROUND: Sleep problems are frequent in chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study was conducted to determine frequency of sleep disturbances and their relations with disease severity. METHODS:...
BACKGROUND: Sleep problems are frequent in chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study was conducted to determine frequency of sleep disturbances and their relations with disease severity. METHODS: The present case-control study was performed on 100 rheumatoid patients who were referred to the rheumatology clinic at the Avicenna hospital. A hundred age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited in the study as a control group. Pittsburgh Sleep, 1Quality questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index questionnaire and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used. The disease activity was caIculated with the disease activity score 28. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 19. RESULTS: Mean scores of the sleep quality were 6.2 +/- 4.3 in patients and 4.6 +/- 2.5 in control group. 28% of the patients had good sleep quality whereas 72% had poor sleep quality. Daytime sleepiness was present in 24.8% of the patients and 15% of the control group. Multiple logistic regressions showed that insomnia, pain and disease intensity were the most important factors that determine patients' sleep quality. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that sleep disturbances are frequent in patients with RA and may contribute to disease severity. It is recommended that rheumatoid patients be evaluated for sleep disturbances during routine examinations.
The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a diabetic clinic in Enugu South-East Nigeria.
Eze CO, Onwuekwe IO, Agu CE … +1 more , Kalu UA
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24180143
BACKGROUND: Orthostatic Hypotension is a serious and common complication of diabetes mellitus. AIMS: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of Orthostatic Hypotension in type 2 diabetic patients in a diabetes melli...
BACKGROUND: Orthostatic Hypotension is a serious and common complication of diabetes mellitus. AIMS: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of Orthostatic Hypotension in type 2 diabetic patients in a diabetes mellitus clinic in Enugu South-East Nigeria. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A structured questionnaire was administered to the eligible and consenting seventy type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The supine and erect blood pressures of each patient were recorded. The patients with Orthostatic Hypotension were compared with those without Orthostatic Hypotension for different clinical and biochemical parameters. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 software. Odds ratio was calculated for the presence of Orthostatic Hypotension amongst the variables and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of Orthostatic Hypotension in type 2 diabetic patients was 23.3%. Orthostatic Hypotension had statistically significant association with the presence of peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy and proteinuria. CONCLUSIONS: Orthostatic Hypotension is a common complication in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients seen at Enugu. It is recommended that measurement of erect and supine blood pressures should be part of the standard care of type 2 diabetic patients.
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