Nigerian Journal Of Medicine[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
In-training continuing professional development in Nigeria.
Buowari YO
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283104
BACKGROUND: Residency programs are geared towards in-depth training in a particular specialty. Several academic programs are carried out to achieve this and a prerequisite in some departments for accreditation for traini...
BACKGROUND: Residency programs are geared towards in-depth training in a particular specialty. Several academic programs are carried out to achieve this and a prerequisite in some departments for accreditation for training of residents. METHOD: Review of literature on various residency training continuous medical education on clinical meeting also known as grand rounds in some hospitals/departments, anaesthetic risk assessment, journal club and case reviews. CONCLUSION: New findings are always made in medicine and thus the need for updates.
Under-reporting of gossipiboma in a third-world country. A sociocultural view.
Irabor DO
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283103
The paper looks at the reason for the low incidence of retained abdominal packs following an abdominal operation in a third world country like Nigeria. It is generally agreed that this unfortunate situation is underrepor...
The paper looks at the reason for the low incidence of retained abdominal packs following an abdominal operation in a third world country like Nigeria. It is generally agreed that this unfortunate situation is underreported. The reason for under-reporting is now given a socio-cultural perspective. Fear of litigation as would hold in the western world does not seem to be paramount here. Other explanations like fear of being made a scapegoat for something which may be due to spiritual attacks may be paramount. The paper concludes by recommending that the removal of impediments to disclosure of this adverse surgical event will lie in education, discouragement of scapegoatism and improvement in hospital services in the third world.
Angiosarcoma of the cervix: a case and literature review.
Ohayi SA, Ezugwu EC, Aderibigbe AS … +1 more , Udeh EI
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283102
BACKGROUND: Generally, sarcomas of the female genital tract are rare and angiosarcomas are extremely rare. They usually have poor prognosis and pose serious diagnostic challenges requiring special techniques namely speci...
BACKGROUND: Generally, sarcomas of the female genital tract are rare and angiosarcomas are extremely rare. They usually have poor prognosis and pose serious diagnostic challenges requiring special techniques namely special stains and immunohistochemistry for proper elucidation. METHOD: A case report of a 65 old para 8 (4 alive) widow, 17 years postmenopusal, who presented with history of foul smelling brownish vaginal discharge, progressive weight loss and cervical lesion. She had examination under anaesthesia and biopsy. RESULT: Histopathological result showed features in keeping with angiosarcoma of the uterine cervix. CONCLUSION: Although angiosarcoma of the cervix is very rare, it is occasionally seen in black women in Nigeria.
Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum: necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum in a Nigerian from the north. A case report.
Nwosu PU, Raphael S, Ekwebelem I … +1 more , Kalu AK
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283101
BACKGROUND: Necrobiosis lipoidica is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus.It is said to occur more often in people with diabetes,a family history of diabetes,tendency to develop diabetes mellitus and those with insul...
BACKGROUND: Necrobiosis lipoidica is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus.It is said to occur more often in people with diabetes,a family history of diabetes,tendency to develop diabetes mellitus and those with insulin dependent diabetes. METHOD: We report an evaluated case of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum residing in the northern part of Nigeria. RESULT: The patient was treated for 3 weeks in the hospital on admission and was followed up in the general-out-patient department (GOPD) and has been in good health. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To bring to the fore of clinicians this dermal complication of diabetes mellitus, the different medical treatments available and the medical treatment employed in our index patient. CONCLUSION: That necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum does exist in our environment and requires a high index of suspicion and scrupplelousness in making the diagnosis and treating the patient.
Esophagitis dissecans superficialis presenting with massive haematemesis in a patient with bullous pemphigoid.
Tijjani BM, Masoodi I, Hassan SN
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283100
The stratified squamous epithelial lining of the esophagus is similar to that of the skin, and occasionally conditions that affect the skin tend to have esophageal manifestations. Autoimmune dermatological conditions tha...
The stratified squamous epithelial lining of the esophagus is similar to that of the skin, and occasionally conditions that affect the skin tend to have esophageal manifestations. Autoimmune dermatological conditions that present with blisters are referred to as bullous dermatoses and have been found to rarely present with esophageal involvement. Esophageal epithelium is thought to be involved in rare occasions because of its identical epithelial lining to the skin and tends to be more frequent among patients with pemphigus vulgaris than in those with pemphigoid. Common symptoms from esophageal involvement in bullous dermatoses may include heartburn, odynophagia or dysphagia. Rarely, it may present with vomiting of sloughed cast of esophageal mucosa or haematemesis. We present S A, a 47 year old female who was on outpatient treatment in 2010 at King Fahad Medical City for bullous pemphigoid but developed progressive odynophagia with massive haematemesis. She was admitted and resuscitated, and endoscopy revealed sloughing of esophageal mucosa and bleeding in keeping with esophagitis dissecans superficialis. Although association of esophageal dissecans superficialis with pemphigus vulgaris has been sparsely reported; to our knowledge its association with bullous pemphigoid as in our case has been rarely reported in English medical literature.
Seizure disorder among chronic kidney disease patients in Enugu, South East Nigeria.
Onodugo OD, Onwuekwe IO, Arodiwe EB … +3 more , Ijoma CK, Ulasi II, Ubani-Ukoma CB
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283099
BACKGROUND: Seizures are the commonest neurological condition presenting in Africa. The pattern of non- epileptic seizures in systemic diseases including chronic kidney disease is unknown in South East Nigeria. OBJECTIVE...
BACKGROUND: Seizures are the commonest neurological condition presenting in Africa. The pattern of non- epileptic seizures in systemic diseases including chronic kidney disease is unknown in South East Nigeria. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the pattern of seizures in chronic kidney disease patients in Enugu, South East Nigeria. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of chronic kidney disease patients who presented to the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu (UNTH) from January 2007 December 2008. Data from subjects who satisfied the inclusion criteria were reviewed and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 13.5. Ethical clearance was obtained from the UNTH Ethics Committee. RESULTS: There were 145 patients, 95 males and 50 females. Mean age was 35 years. Only 5 patients (3,4%) had seizures (mostly generalized tonic-clonic) associated with severe hypertension. None had hypocalcaemia. Three patients (60%) received dialysis with benefit while 2 patients (40%) died before dialysis could be done. CONCLUSION: Seizures are infrequent in chronic kidney disease patients in Enugu; are commoner in males and those with severe disease. Dialysis improved survival in those with seizures. Larger multicentre studies are needed to further elucidate the spectrum of Nigeria.
Endoscopic retrograde JJ-stenting of the ureter without fluoroscopy guidance--an appraisal of outcome.
Shuaibu SI, Gidado S, Oseni-Momodu E
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283098
BACKGROUND: JJ- ureteral stenting is a means of relieving ureteric obstruction. It is done as a retrograde or antegrade procedure, usually under fluoroscopy guidance. We reviewed our results in 2 independent tertiary hea...
BACKGROUND: JJ- ureteral stenting is a means of relieving ureteric obstruction. It is done as a retrograde or antegrade procedure, usually under fluoroscopy guidance. We reviewed our results in 2 independent tertiary health centers in Nigeria which lack fluoroscopy units. METHODS: A 2 year retrospective review of data of patients who had retrograde JJ- ureteric stenting was done. Data relating to age, indication and outcome of procedure were retrieved and analysed. RESULTS: 22 (71%) patients had successful retrograde JJ- ureteric stenting out of 31 patients who were taken for the procedure. These 22 patients had stenting of 27 ureteric units. Mean age was 48.5 years. Commonest indication was carcinoma of the cervix (31.8%). Commonest complication was irritative lower urinary tract symptoms (43.5%). CONCLUSION: In spite of inherent complications, JJ-stenting is a simple and safe technique. Therefore, the decision to attempt JJ -stenting in carefully selected patients in the absence of fluoroscopy is acceptable.
Perception of infertility and acceptability of assisted reproduction technology in northern Nigeria.
Iliyasu Z, Galadanci HS, Abubakar IS … +3 more , Bashir FM, Salihu HM, Aliyu MH
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283097
BACKGROUND: Infertility is a stigmatized reproductive morbidity with severe psycho-social consequences, especially in developing countries. There has been little exploration of the public view of infertility and acceptan...
BACKGROUND: Infertility is a stigmatized reproductive morbidity with severe psycho-social consequences, especially in developing countries. There has been little exploration of the public view of infertility and acceptance of assisted reproduction in these countries, including Nigeria. OBJECTIVE: To determine the public perception of infertility, its causes and factors associated with acceptability of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) in Kano, Northern Nigeria. METHOD: Using interviewer administered questionnaires, a cross-section of 600 adults were interviewed about perceived definition, causes and acceptance of ART. RESULT: Majority of the respondents (n = 577, 99.3%) perceived infertility as a disease. Only 18.1% (n = 105) of the respondents would consider a couple infertile after one year of marriage. Causes of infertility mentioned by participants included paranormal events (n = 535, 92.1%), suprapubic pain (n = 321, 55.2%), induced abortion (n = 187, 32.2%) and sexually transmitted infections (n = 177, 30.5%). A minority of respondents (n = 161,27.7%) of participants mentioned blocked tubes and 24.6% (n = 143) irregular menstrual cycles. Although 36.1% of respondents were aware of ART; only 7.6% were willing to accept it. Being male [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) (95% CI)] 2.1 (1.55.72), childless [AOR (95% CI)] 2.2 (1.35.95), highly educated [AOR (95% CI)] 3.2 (1.326.72) and non-Muslim [AOR (95% CI)] 2.3 (1.23.76) were significant predictors of acceptance ofART. CONCLUSION: Infertility was correctly perceived as a disease, but there were misconceptions about its causes. The low acceptance of ART was influenced by socio-demographic factors. There is a need for sustained targeted information, education and communication regarding new reproductive technologies for fertility management.
Pattern and predictors of partner disclosure of HIV status among HIV positive pregnant women in Nnewi Nigeria.
Udigwe GO, Mbachu II, Oguaka V … +3 more , Onyegbule OA, Udegbunam O, Umeononihu OS
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283096
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa has continued to bear the greatest burden of HIV/AIDS epidemic in the world. Partner disclosure of status may create opportunities for support or rejection. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated...
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa has continued to bear the greatest burden of HIV/AIDS epidemic in the world. Partner disclosure of status may create opportunities for support or rejection. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the pattern of partner disclosure of HIV positive women, their partners' reaction and factors that affect disclosure of HIV status to partners. METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among pregnant women in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information from the subjects. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20 software. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty six women participated in this study. The mean age of the women was 30.4 years +/- 5 while the mean parity was 2.6 +/- 1. All the patients had at least primary education with 63.5% having secondary education as the highest educational attainment. One hundred and sixteen (92.1%) were in monogamous marriage. One hundred and fourteen 90.5%) had disclosed their HIV status to their partners. Eighty-three (66.7%) of the women did this by self. Partners initial reaction was supportive in 84 (66.7%) of the women. Partner's subsequent reaction showed that 103 (81.2%) were supportive, 7 (5.6%) were indifferent while 4 (3.2%) were abusive and violent. The partner's HIV status showed that 54 (42.9) tested positive to HIV antibodies while 52 (41.3%) tested negative to HIV antibodies and 20 (15.9%) do not know partner's HIV status. There was strong correlation between disclosure of HIV status with monogamous marriage and duration of illness. CONCLUSION: The partners' reaction to HIV status of their female partners was largely supportive. Disclosure of HIV status should be encouraged in view of the needed support of the partner in management of these women.
A survey of women's knowledge and perception of hormone replacement therapy (hrt) in Enugu, South East Nigeria.
Okeke TC, Akogu SP, Ekwuazi KE … +2 more , Ezenyeaku CC, Ikeako LC
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283095
BACKGROUND: As a result of alteration in the physiological, biochemical and psychological environment of a woman due to menopause, there may be need for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This concept is new in our poor...
BACKGROUND: As a result of alteration in the physiological, biochemical and psychological environment of a woman due to menopause, there may be need for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This concept is new in our poor resource setting, thus the knowledge and perception of HRT will be invaluable to appropriate adjustment to menopausal period. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and perception of hormone replacement therapy among women in Enugu South-East Nigeria. METHOD: This was a cross sectional survey of gynaecology clinic attendees at the university of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu. These women were randomly selected. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The primary method used was cross tabulation. RESULT: The knowledge and perception of HR among women of South East Nigeria is poor and related to the level of education. One hundred and sixty eight women (38.9%) had knowledge of HRT and only 48 (11.1%) had taken it in the past. Currently none was using HRT despite experiencing menopausal symptoms. Majority of women were ignorant of HRT and took climacteric symptoms as part of aging process. CONCLUSION: The knowledge and perception of HRT is poor and limited. Public enlightenment would help to improve awareness of climacteric symptoms. Women at high risk for menopausal diseases should be advised on HRT.
Awareness, ownership and utilization of insecticide treated nets in Abavo community of Delta State.
Okoh CE, Duru CB, Awunor NS … +4 more , Abah SO, Enahoro FO, Abejegah C, Naiho A
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283094
BACKGROUND: Despite free distribution of insecticide treated nets in Nigeria, the use it as a means of malaria prevention and control has not been fuIly embraced. AIM: The aim of this survey was to determine the level of...
BACKGROUND: Despite free distribution of insecticide treated nets in Nigeria, the use it as a means of malaria prevention and control has not been fuIly embraced. AIM: The aim of this survey was to determine the level of awareness, ownership and utilization of insecticide treated nets among residents of Abavo community, Delta State Nigeria METHOD: It is a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among 250 heads of households. RESULT: One hundred and seventy five (70%) respondents were aware of insecticide treated net as a means of prevention against malaria, 111 (44%) claimed to own insecticide treated nets. On further inspection of houses of those who claimed to own ITNs, seventy four (66%) actually had theirs hanged, the rest were either in their packs or not seen. Ninety five (38%) respondents out of the total sleep under insecticide treated net. About 92 (70%) households having under-five and 39 (81.3%) of households having pregnant women claim to use ITNs. It was observed that the level of education (chi2 = 48.35, p = 0.001), presence of under 5 children in a household ?2 = 7.229, p = 0.027) influenced ownership of Insecticide treated nets. In conclusion despite a high level of awareness about ITN found in this survey, ownership and utilization of insecticide treated nets were low.
An audit of diagnosis and treatment of sepsis in north-central Nigeria.
Isa SE, Iroezindu MO, Awang SK … +5 more , Simji GS, Onyedibe KI, Mafuka, Egah DZ, Crook D
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283093
BACKGROUND: We audited the diagnosis and antibiotic therapy of patients admitted with sepsis in a resource-limited Nigerian hospital setting in order to improve the quality of sepsis care. METHOD: We conducted a retrospe...
BACKGROUND: We audited the diagnosis and antibiotic therapy of patients admitted with sepsis in a resource-limited Nigerian hospital setting in order to improve the quality of sepsis care. METHOD: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the records of medical patients admitted for sepsis at the Jos University Teaching Hospital between September 2011 and August 2012. Data analysis included age, sex, appropriateness of sepsis diagnosis/severity, comorbidities, utility/yield of sample cultures, antibiotic therapy, duration of hospital stay and treatment outcome. RESULT: Only 94 out of 142 cases (66.2%) were judged to meet the diagnostic criteria for sepsis. Out of the 94 patients, 77 (82%) were appropriately classified for sepsis severity. Nineteen patients (20%) met criteria for severe sepsis/septic shock. The commonest comorbidity was HIV/AIDS (57.3%). All the patients received empirical antibiotic therapy but in 23 cases (24.5%), the empirical prescriptions were judged inappropriate and none was administered within one hour of diagnosis. Blood cultures were available to guide definitive antibiotic therapy in only 12.5% of cases. The median (range) duration of hospital stay was 12 (1-70) days while the in-hospital mortality rate was 53%. CONCLUSION: The management of sepsis was suboptimal in our setting and mortality was high. We recommend adoption of standard sepsis guidelines to ensure optimal management and improved outcome.
Giant inguino-scrotal hernias seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.
Kombo BB, Allison AB
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283092
BACKGROUND: Inguino-scrotal hernias are a common surgical problem especially in our rural areas. The aim of this study is to review six patients seen with giant inguinoscrotal hernias at the University of Port Harcourt T...
BACKGROUND: Inguino-scrotal hernias are a common surgical problem especially in our rural areas. The aim of this study is to review six patients seen with giant inguinoscrotal hernias at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients seen between 1985 and 1995 at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital with giant inguino-scrotal hernias was carried out. RESULTS: The duration of the hernias ranged from twelve to thirty years. All the patients were above fifty-five years of age and eighty percent of them worked as farmers. Ninety percent of the patients developed cardio-respiratory difficulties when reduction was attempted during the operation. One patient had his operation converted to a bowel resection in order to allow for easy reduction. All developed severe scrotal haematoma and sepsis, one a full blown scrotal gangrene and another faecal fistula that resulted in death. CONCLUSION: In view of the intensive care required following surgery and the complications of surgery, we are advocating a policy of wait and see till features of intestinal obstruction present for surgery to be contemplated.
Prevalence, presentation and management of polycystic ovary syndrome in Enugu, south east Nigeria.
Ugwu GO, Iyoke CA, Onah HE … +1 more , Mba SG
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283091
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common gynaecological endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age yet, its prevalence and management has not been documented in our area. OBJECTIVE: To determine the...
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common gynaecological endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age yet, its prevalence and management has not been documented in our area. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, presentation and management of polycystic ovary syndrome among women in Enugu, south east Nigerian. METHOD: A prospective descriptive study of women with polycystic ovaries seen in two major Infertility Clinics in Enugu, South East Nigeria over a 2 year period. RESULT: A total of 342 women presented with infertility in the centres within the two year period, out of whom 62 had PCOS. PCOS occurred in 18.1% of women in the infertility clinics of the two institutions. The common modes of presentation were: inability to conceive (infertility) in 52 (83.9%), oligomenorrhoea in 45 (72.6%), obesity in 32 (51.6%), LH/FSH ratio > 2 in 28 (45.2%), hyperprolactinaemia in 26 (41.9%) and hirsuitism in 19 (30.6%) women. Ovulation induction was carried out in 42 of the 50 women with anovulatory infertility only. For those 42 women, the mean number of induced cycles was 2.6 = 1.7 (range: 1-6) with 33 (78.6%) of the women being able to do only 3 induced cycles or less. The ovulation induction agents used were clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin either singly or in combination with tamoxifen or bromocryptine. Adjunctive treatments offered consisted of weight reduction in 20 (40.0%) women, metformin in 11 (22.0%) women and dexamethasone in 10 (20.0%) women. CONCLUSION: PCOS is fairly common occurring in approximately one in six infertile Nigerian women. Infertility, oligomenorrhoea, obesity, LH/FSH ratio > 2, hyperprolactinaemia and hirsutism are the commonest presenting features. On individualized management, about two-fifths of them conceive either spontaneously or following ovulation induction, despite poor compliance to recommended drug regimen.
Knowledge and utilization of computer-software for statistics among Nigerian dentists.
Chukwuneke FN, Anyanechi CE, Obiakor AO … +3 more , Amobi O, Onyejiaka N, Alamba I
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283090
BACKGROUND: The use of computer soft ware for generation of statistic analysis has transformed health information and data to simplest form in the areas of access, storage, retrieval and analysis in the field of research...
BACKGROUND: The use of computer soft ware for generation of statistic analysis has transformed health information and data to simplest form in the areas of access, storage, retrieval and analysis in the field of research. This survey therefore was carried out to assess the level of knowledge and utilization of computer software for statistical analysis among dental researchers in eastern Nigeria. METHOD: Questionnaires on the use of computer software for statistical analysis were randomly distributed to 65 practicing dental surgeons of above 5 years experience in the tertiary academic hospitals in eastern Nigeria. The focus was on: years of clinical experience; research work experience; knowledge and application of computer generated software for data processing and stastistical analysis. RESULT: Sixty-two (62/65; 95.4%) of these questionnaires were returned anonymously, which were used in our data analysis. Twenty-nine (29/62; 46.8%) respondents fall within those with 5-10 years of clinical experience out of which none has completed the specialist training programme. Practitioners with above 10 years clinical experiences were 33 (33/62; 53.2%) out of which 15 (15/33; 45.5%) are specialists representing 24.2% (15/62) of the total number of respondents. All the 15 specialists are actively involved in research activities and only five (5/15; 33.3%) can utilize software statistical analysis unaided. CONCLUSION: This study has i dentified poor utilization of computer software for statistic analysis among dental researchers in eastern Nigeria. This is strongly associated with lack of exposure on the use of these software early enough especially during the undergraduate training. This call for introduction of computer training programme in dental curriculum to enable practitioners develops the attitude of using computer software for their research.
Uterine rupture: trends and feto-maternal outcome in a Nigerian teaching hospital.
Akaba GO, Onafowokan O, Offiong RA … +2 more , Omonua K, Ekele BA
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283089
OBJECTIVE: To determine the trends, predisposing factors, maternal and fetal outcome of cases of uterine rupture managed at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. METHOD: A retrospective review of all cases of ruptur...
OBJECTIVE: To determine the trends, predisposing factors, maternal and fetal outcome of cases of uterine rupture managed at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. METHOD: A retrospective review of all cases of ruptured uterus managed at the University of Abuja teaching hospital, Gwagwalada, between January 2006 and December 2010 was conducted. RESULT: There were 9604 deliveries in the hospital during the period of review out of which 82 were cases ruptured uterus, giving an overall incidence of 0.85% or 1 in 117 deliveries. They were mainly women of low parity with a mean age of 31.8 years. The commonest predisposing factor was injudicious use of oxytocin occurring in 38.7% of cases and was followed closely by previous caesarean section scar (28.0%). Prolonged obstructed labour was the third commonest cause of uterine rupture (18.7%) and occurred only in the unbooked patients. There were 11 maternal deaths which gave a maternal case fatality rate of 14.7%. All the deaths occurred in women who had intrapartum care in places other than the teaching hospital. There were 68 perinatal deaths which gave a fetal case fatality rate of 90.7% and all the babies that survived were in patients that had intrapartum care in the teaching hospital. CONCLUSION: Ruptured uterus is a common obstetric emergency in Nigeria's Federal Capital territory and is associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It is however preventable when the quality of antenatal care, intrapartum care and medical facilities are improved.
Visual defects and commercial motorcycle accidents in south eastern Nigeria.
Achigbu EO, Fiebai B
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283088
BACKGROUND: Commercial motorcyclists are a regular part of our highways, especially with the decrease in the number and quality of good roads. This study is aimed at determining the role of vision if any in the increasin...
BACKGROUND: Commercial motorcyclists are a regular part of our highways, especially with the decrease in the number and quality of good roads. This study is aimed at determining the role of vision if any in the increasing number of road traffic accidents (RTA's) among commercial motorcyclists in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria. METHOD: A cross sectional survey with a multi stage random sampling design was used to select the 615 commercial motorcyclists in Enugu metropolis enrolled in the study. RESULT: Out of the 615 motorcyclists, seven (1.14% +/- 0.70%) motorcyclists had visual impairment (< 6/18-3/60). Visual field defect was noted in 2.3% +/- 0.98% while 2.6% +/- 0.98% had colour vision defect. The prevalence of road traffic accident (RTA) was 57.7%. Visual impairment was not significantly associated with RTA (P = 0.333) while visual field defect (P = 0.000), and colour vision defect (P = 0.003) were positively associated with RTA. Inexperienced riders had significantly more RTAs than their counterparts (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION; Visual field defect, and colour vision defect were significantly associated with RTA but this finding is in the backdrop of poor training, and inexperience which also significantly affected RTA among the predominantly young riders involved in RTA.
Oesophageal atresia and tracheooesophageal fistula: a 12 years experience in a developing nation.
Nwosu JN, Onyekwulu FA
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283087
OBJECTIVE: To document our 12 years experience in the management of oesophageal atresia and tracheooesophageal fistula. METHOD: The study was carried out at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu Nigeri...
OBJECTIVE: To document our 12 years experience in the management of oesophageal atresia and tracheooesophageal fistula. METHOD: The study was carried out at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu Nigeria between January 1997 and December 2008. The paediatric ward and theatre records of patients with oesophageal atresia and trachea oesophageal fistula were reviewed. The data extracted include: age at presentation, age at referral, reasons for delay referral (> 24 hrs from birth). Associated anomalies, Time interval from diagnosis to intervention, Operative procedure, and outcome. RESULT: Ten patients were studied, eight males and two females, ratio 4:1. They were all referred from outside the study centre. The average age at presentation was 5.3 days with a range of 2-12 days. The mean age at referral was 3.9 days. Two patients died before surgical intervention. The remaining eight that had surgery done, only one was discharged alive to surgical out patient but was lost to follow up. CONCLUSION: Delay in arriving at a diagnosis, late referral, associated congenital anomalies and comorbidities contributed to the poor out come. High index of suspicion, early diagnosis and referral, improved facilities and experience of the attending team will make for a favourable out come.
Regular screening among sportsmen in Nigeria: rationale and basis.
Akpa MR, Dodiyi-Manuel S
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283086
BACKGROUND: Participation in regular prolonged physical exercise is associated with specific adaptation in cardiac structure and function which could predispose to sudden cardiac death and has been recorded in celebrated...
BACKGROUND: Participation in regular prolonged physical exercise is associated with specific adaptation in cardiac structure and function which could predispose to sudden cardiac death and has been recorded in celebrated cases and with an increasing frequency in recent time especially in Nigerian footballers. There is no policy or strategy in place for preventing recurrence OBJECTIVE: To review the current literature on sudden death in athletes generally, identify current strategies that have been found useful and recommend measures to prevent or reduce prevalence in Nigerian sportsmen. METHOD: Internet search on the subject using Google and Medline web search engine. The search words were sudden death, athletes, Africans and sports screening. RESULT: Sudden death in young athletes is rare occurring in in n 100,000 to 1 in 280,000 persons per year and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the commonest cause and blacks are more affected than caucasians. Screening guidelines are available in some countries and mandatory pre participatory screening has reduced the incidence of sudden death in athletes in these countries. In Nigeria there is no legislation or policy on routine screening in sportsmen or measures to prevent or reduce incident of sudden death in athletes. CONCLUSION: There has been increased report of sudden death in Nigerian footballers in recent years and the investigations into these deaths are shrouded in secrecy. There is no policy for routine screening of sports participants in Nigeria, there is urgent need to develop a policy to ensure appropriate pre participation screening for all sportsmen and women each year or at the beginning of each sports season.
Cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and elderly residents in South-East Nigeria: the influence of urbanization.
Ejim EC, Onwubere BJ, Okafor CI … +5 more , Ulasi II, Emehel A, Onyia U, Akabueze J, Mendis S
Niger J Med · 2013 · PMID 24283085
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were previously considered a problem of the developed nations only. Emerging facts show that CVD and their risk factors are now prevalent in developing countries. We carried out a cross-sect...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were previously considered a problem of the developed nations only. Emerging facts show that CVD and their risk factors are now prevalent in developing countries. We carried out a cross-sectional, population-based survey to determine the relation between place residence (rural or urban) and the burden of CVD risk factors in South East Nigeria. Hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, abnormal blood glucose and obesity were assessed for, in middle-aged and elderly residents of two communities in Enugu, South East Nigeria. A total of 543 adults (308 at Ogwofia Owa and 235 at Emene) participated in the study. The mean and 95% CI for mean of the characteristics of subjects showed that they were in the middle-age group with apparently normal mean cardiovascular risk indices except for systolic and diastolic blood pressure indices which suggested pre-hypertension. The subjects residing in the rural area were older than those residing in the urban area but cardiovascular risk factors had higher mean values in urban residents except systolic blood pressure (SBP). The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors in the study group were hypertension and obesity. Urban residence was found to influence the prevalence of risk factors, specifically obesity and diastolic hypertension.
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