Nigerian Journal Of Medicine[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
MEDICAL AUDIT OF PATIENT CARE: A STUDY OF DOCTORS IN A TERTIARY HEALTH FACILITY IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA.
Ilesanmi OS, Alele FO
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353425
INTRODUCTION: The role of Medical Audit in patient care needs to beexplored. This study aimed to determine doctors' knowledge and practice of Medical Audit in a tertiary health facility in South West Nigeria. METHODS: Ac...
INTRODUCTION: The role of Medical Audit in patient care needs to beexplored. This study aimed to determine doctors' knowledge and practice of Medical Audit in a tertiary health facility in South West Nigeria. METHODS: Across-sectional study of 115 consenting doctors at Federal Medical Centre Owo was conducted. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequency tables and bar chart, age and year of practice were summarized as mean and standard deviation. Chi square-test was used to compare sociodemographic variables with doctor's knowledge of MedicalAudit. Level of statistical significant was 5%. RESULT: The mean age of the respondents was 32.5 ± 5.8 years. Males were 78%, and 61.7% were married. The mean duration of practice was 3.3 ± 2.2 years. Adequate knowledge of Medical Audit was found in 79% of the respondents while only 53% had practiced it. Formal training on Medical Audit has not been received by 91.3% of the respondents, 80.9% requested for training on Medical Audit. In all, 88.0% who had ≥ 3-years of practice had adequate knowledge compared with only 72.3% of those who had less than three years of practice (p = 0.040). CONCLUSION: Practice of MedicalAudit is low though adequate knowledge exist.Training of doctors on Medical Audit is required.
CRYSTALLOID PRELOAD SHOWS TRANSIENT SUPERIORITY OVER COLLOID, OR THEIR COMBINATION IN SPINAL ANAESTHESIA-INDUCED HYPOTENSION PROPHYLAXIS FOR CAESAREAN SECTION.
Osazuwa IH, Ebague A
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353424
BACKGROUND: Many studies comparing different intravenous fluid types usually do not use equipotent volumes of 3:1 crystalloid: colloid ratio in such comparisons. Conflicting results emanate from such studies. This study...
BACKGROUND: Many studies comparing different intravenous fluid types usually do not use equipotent volumes of 3:1 crystalloid: colloid ratio in such comparisons. Conflicting results emanate from such studies. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of equipotent volumes of crystalloid, colloid and combination of crystalloid/colloid in spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension prophylaxis. METHODOLOGY: Pregnant women scheduled for elective Caesarean section were prospectively randomized to three groups to each received either 1 500 ml of Ringers lactate, or 500 ml of 6% pentastarch or a combination of 250 ml of 6% pentastarch and 750 ml of Ringers lactate intravenous fluid preload, before spinal anaesthesia. Hemodynamic variables were monitored. RESULTS: First 10 minutes, crystalloid showed better efficacy in hypotension prophylaxis over the other regimen. In the next 30 minutes however, there were no significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: Crystalloids proved more effective than colloid or their combination in hypotension prophylaxis in the first 10 minutes after spinal anaesthesia.
PATTERNS OF SEMINAL FLUID ANALYSIS IN MALE PARTNERS OF INFERTILE COUPLES ATTENDING GYNAECOLOGY CLINIC AT FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE, ABEOKUTA.
Chukwunyere CF, Awonuga DO, Ogo CN … +2 more , Nwadike V, Chukwunyere KE
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353423
BACKGROUND: Infertility affects 19% of the general population I, and this constitutes a reproductive health concern for the affected couples. The contribution of male factors as cause of infertility is increasingly being...
BACKGROUND: Infertility affects 19% of the general population I, and this constitutes a reproductive health concern for the affected couples. The contribution of male factors as cause of infertility is increasingly being noted in the recent times and has become a source of concern to the affected couples with its attendant social and psychological effects and with the potential of threatening relationships. OBJECTIVES: To assess the seminal fluid analysis parameters in male partners of infertile couples presenting at gynaecological clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta and to determine the patterns of seminal fluid abnormalities in the seminalysis results. METHODOLOGY: The study is a 3 year retrospective review of seminal fluid analysis results of male partners in infertility cases at the Federal Medical Centre Abeokuta. Analysis was done using the WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen revised fifth edition. RESULTS: During this study period, a total of 214 semen samples were analysed for semen quality over a 3 year period. Sixty four (30%) of the men had normal semen parameters, while one hundred and fifty (70%) had abnormal semen parameters. The abnormal semen parameters consists of low volume (12.6%), prolonged liquefaction time (9.8%), oligospermia (28%), azoospermia (8%), asthenozoospermia (25%), teratozoospermia (9%), combined defects of oligo-asthenozoospermia (23.8%), oligo-teratozoospermia (9.8%), asthenoteratozoospermia (12.60%) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (11.20%). CONCLUSION: This study has confirmed that male factor infertility remains a significant contributor to infertility in our environment. Efforts should be made in enlightening men on the common aetiologies of abnormal semen and options of treatment of likely causes.
DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS -12 MONTHS PROSPECTIVE REVIEW OF PATTERN OF PRESENTATION AT ENUGU STATE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY TEACHING HOSPITAL, PARKLANE, ENUGU: A BASIS FOR DIABETIC FOOT CLINIC?
Isiguzo CM, Jac-Okereke C
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353422
INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot ulcer is a common complication of diabetes. This morbidity results in long hospitalization and high cost of management. It is a significant cause of non-traumatic amputation. Reduction in inci...
INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot ulcer is a common complication of diabetes. This morbidity results in long hospitalization and high cost of management. It is a significant cause of non-traumatic amputation. Reduction in incidence and progression to amputation will be highly desired. AIM: To highlight the pattern of presentation and to emphasize the need for multidisciplinary approach in prevention by integration of focused footcare plan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective interviewer administered questionnaire based study. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients were recruited with a male female ratio of 1.8:1. Mean age of presentation was 55.5 years and commoner in those that have had diabetes for 10 - 15 years. Low level of education had a direct relationship with occurrence of DFU. Neuropathy was a common predisposing factor to DFU. More than 60% had no knowledge of foot care even though they have been educated on dietary control here was average hospital stay of 48 days, amputation rate of 19.4% and mortality rate of 8.3%. CONCLUSION: A comprehensive foot care program should be incorporated in the management of diabetes as soon as diagnosis is made in other to reduce the huge burden of DFU.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DIABETES AND IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE IN A RURAL COMMUNITY OF NIGERIAN NIGER DELTA REGION.
Alikor CA, Emem-Chioma PC
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353421
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is reaching epidemic rates globally. It had an estimated global incidence of 220 million in 2010. Different studies in SSA and Nigeria in particular have reported increasin...
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is reaching epidemic rates globally. It had an estimated global incidence of 220 million in 2010. Different studies in SSA and Nigeria in particular have reported increasing prevalence of diabetes in the rural areas. This may be attributed to the rapid 'westernization' of lifestyle in the rural African community.Only few rural survey have been conducted in the Nigeria oil-rich Niger Delta region necessitating this study with the aim of determining the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey involving 500 subjects aged 15 years and above in a typical rural community of Rivers State, Niger Delta region of Nigeria. A questionnaire administered by face-to-face interview was used to assess socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects. Medical history such as prior knowledge of blood sugar status and family history of diabetes were all elicited by the questionnaire. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken in a standardized manner and body mass indices (BMI) calculated as weight in kilogram divided by the square of height in meters. Venous blood glucose was measured by the glucose oxidase method. Diabetes mellitus was defined using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 7.0 mmol/l (126 mg/dl) and individuals who were previously known to have diabetes based on history of treatment were also classified to have diabetes. Lipid profile and uric acid of patients were also checked. RESULTS: There were 156 males and 344 females with male to female ratio of 1:2.3.The females were relatively of younger age than the males (40.62 ± 16.6 years versus 42.84 ± 17.8).The overall mean age was 41.32 ± 17. The mean fasting plasma glucose among those with diabetes was 11.14?4. 00mmol/L while the mean for the subjects with impaired fasting glucose was 6.31 ± 0.25 mmol/l. The prevalence of diabetes was 2.2% with no significant gender difference (2.6% in males versus 2.0% in females; χ2 = 0.35; p = 0.84). The prevalence of Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was 2.4%with no significant gender difference (Female 2.6% versus males 1.9%; p = 0.88). The mean fasting glucose increased significantly with blood pressure (p = 0.05), waist circumference (p < 0.001), uric acid level (0.02), triglyceride level (< 0.001) and age (p = 0.02).The correlation analyses showed that age, systolic blood pressure, waist-hip-ratio and triglycerides are positively correlated with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in this study. CONCLUSION: There is a low prevalence of diabetes and IFG in this rural community which may be associated to the high level of physical activity found among the study subjects in this community. However, this study confirmed that increasing age, abdominal obesity, systolic blood pressure and triglyceride level have positive relationship with the prevalence of diabetes and IFG. There is hence more need for intensified screening for diabetes, pre-diabetes and associated risk factors in order to curb or at least reduce diabetes prevalence and its attendant complications.
HEALTH WORKERS' PERCEPTIONON THE QUALITY OF SERVICE AND CORPORATE CULTURE OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NIGERIA.
Akpan EE, Bassey OJ
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353420
BACKGROUND: Quality of service delivery remains the most important issue in hospitals since patients expect higher standard care and services. This quality service is rooted in the culture of the health care organization...
BACKGROUND: Quality of service delivery remains the most important issue in hospitals since patients expect higher standard care and services. This quality service is rooted in the culture of the health care organization. Therefore,this study seeks to determine health workers' perception on the quality of service and corporate culture at University of Uyo Teaching hospital, Uyo, Nigeria. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. Using structured questionnaire and convenient sampling technique, data were collected from 250 hospital workers.The responses on questions to elicit the hospital's quality of service and corporate culture were rated on a five-point Likert Scale as follows; Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Neutral(N), Disagree (D) and Strongly Disagree (SD). Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi Info 3.2.2 (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA). RESULTS: The minimum and maximum ages of the respondents were 21 years and 60 years respectively. The mean, median and mode ages in the respondents were 34.6 (± 7.88) years, 33 years, and 30 years respectively. Majority of the study respondents were in the age group of 31-40 years (30%), female (56.8%) and Doctors (36%). The respondents' positive perception on quality of service offered by the hospital was 69.2% (OR 5.05, 95% CI 3.39-7.52, P < 0.00001). The subjects' positive perception on the organization values for the individual worker was 54.4% (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.99- 2.06, P = 0.049). However, only 43.2% of the subjects accepted that the management of the hospital was flexible and understands the important of balancing their work/personal life (OR 0.58, 95%CI 0.40-0.84), P = 0.002).Thirty-eight percentages (38%) accepted that top management of the hospital communicates changes in decisions that affect employees (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.26-0.55), P < 0.00001). Majority of the workers in the various professions accepted that the hospital offer quality services as obtained in other hospitals. Majority of the workers in all the professions except Medical Doctors accepted that the hospital values the individual workers. Majority of the Pharmacists and Non-clinical staff accepted that the hospital management was flexible and understands the importance of balancing their work and personal life. Majority of the Doctors, Pharmacists and laboratory/image scientists did not accept that top management communicates changes in decisions that affect employees. CONCLUSION: The perception of health workers on the quality of service rendered by the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital was satisfactory. However, the hospital needs to improve on its corporate culture to achieve a higher quality of service.
LIMITED ELEVATIONS IN ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUG-INDUCED SERUM ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE (ALT) LEVELS IN A COHORT OF NIGERIANS ON TREATMENT FOR PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AND HIV INFECTION IN YENAGOA.
Ikuabe PO, Ebuenyi ID, Harry TC
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353419
BACKGROUND: This study, undertaken in a major tertiary hospital in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was designed to examine the incidence of elevation in serum alanine aminotransference (ALT) in our patients who were on...
BACKGROUND: This study, undertaken in a major tertiary hospital in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was designed to examine the incidence of elevation in serum alanine aminotransference (ALT) in our patients who were on treatment for HIV/AIDS with some of them on antituberculosis drugs. METHOD: Between January and December 2014, all admission records which include HIV status, Acid fast bacilli Status, Chest radiograph, CD4 cell count, degree of hepatotoxicity during antituberculosis drugs treatment according to WHO definition using clinical findings and ALT levels at baseline (ALTI) and at 4 weeks into treatment with antituberculosis drugs (ALT2) of all the patients on HAART with some on antituberculosis drugs were retrieved and retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of the total of 707 patients on HAART, 80 were on both HAART and anti-tuberculosis treatment.There was a statistically significant correlation between ALT I levels in the PTB negative and PTB positive cohort at baseline χ2 10.725,d.f4,P = 0.030. After 4 weeks of antituberculosis treatment and HAART ALT2 level in expectedly, generally showed downward trend with no statistically significant correlation between PTB status and ALT2 (χ2 = 0.789, d.f2.P = 0.674) CONCLUSION: Anti-tuberculosis drug induced elevation in alanine amino transference is unexpectedly low in our patients on treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infection. This is a key finding that requires further studies.
AN APPRAISAL OF RETAINED PLACENTA AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT TEACHING HOSPITAL: A FIVE-YEAR REVIEW.
John CO, Orazulike N, Alegbeleye J
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 26353418
BACKGROUND: Retained placenta is associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and evaluate the mode of presentation, risk...
BACKGROUND: Retained placenta is associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and evaluate the mode of presentation, risk factors and method of treatment of patients with retained placenta. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective review of retained placenta managed at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt over a 5 year period (January 2009 to December 2013). Data obtained were analyzed using statistical software SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: There were 93 cases of retained placenta out of 15,789 deliveries, giving an incidence of 0.59%.85 patients' case records were available for analysis. Majority of the patients 69 (81.2%) were unbooked (had no antenatal care) with 60 (70.6%) having home deliveries. Previous history of dilatation and curettage and preterm deliveries, accounted for the major identifiable risk factors at 55 (64.7%) and 22 (25.9%) respectively. At presentation, 22(25.9%) were in hypovolemic shock. Manual removal of the placenta was the commonest treatment modality (87.1%).There was one maternal death giving rise to a case fatality rate of 1.18%. CONCLUSION: Retained placenta is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality from postpartum haemorrhage and other complications related to its removal. The incidence can be reduced by antenatal care, skilled birth attendance and provision of emergency obstetrics care services.
Utero-vaginal prolapse complicating pregnancy: a case report.
Oranu EO, Ojule JD, Mmom CF
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807681
BACKGROUND: Uterovaginal prolapse in pregnancy is an infrequent but potentially harmful condition when not properly handled. There is no standard guideline on its management; however discretion is used to treat individua...
BACKGROUND: Uterovaginal prolapse in pregnancy is an infrequent but potentially harmful condition when not properly handled. There is no standard guideline on its management; however discretion is used to treat individual case on its merit. Vaginal delivery is possible but elective caesarean section seems a better alternative. METHOD: We present the case records of 24 year old Gravid 2 Para 1 + 0 (alive) who presented in labour with a second degree uterovaginal prolapse at term. Literature review using medline and manual library search was done. RESULT: She tested positive to HIV I and II: and had emergency caesarean section for dystocia with the delivery of a live 3.5kg female baby. She was managed conservatively on bed rest, local antiseptics and physiotherapy. She was however lost to follow up. CONCLUSION: Uterovaginal prolapsed in pregnancy is rare. Opinion is divided on delivery options but most are agreed on caesarean delivery and conservative follow up post partum. Prevention of pelvic organ prolapsed through antenatal care, supervised delivery, physiotherapy and fertility regulation remains key to favourable out-come.
Management of a fully edentulous mandible using an implant supported overdenture: a case report.
Egesi E, Uguru C
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807680
The choice for rehabilitation of an edentulous mandible by an implant supported overdenture is now the recommended minimally accepted option. This prosthesis has many advantages over conventional dentures and root or too...
The choice for rehabilitation of an edentulous mandible by an implant supported overdenture is now the recommended minimally accepted option. This prosthesis has many advantages over conventional dentures and root or tooth supported overdentuers. We present a case of a failed conventional long span bridge which was treated satisfactorily using a four implant supported over denture and discuss our treatment option along with its advantages. This is a new and developing treatment option in our country.
Secondary brain choriocarcinoma: a case report.
Mandong BM, Emmanuel I, Vandi KB … +3 more , Shilong D, Karshima JA, Olowu BA
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807679
Choriocarcinoma metastasizes widely. One in every ten choriocarcinoma that leaves its primary site, metastasizes to the brain. This 27 years old patient presented with symptoms of space occupying lesion that was confirme...
Choriocarcinoma metastasizes widely. One in every ten choriocarcinoma that leaves its primary site, metastasizes to the brain. This 27 years old patient presented with symptoms of space occupying lesion that was confirmed by CT-SCAN. There was no history of vaginal bleeding and amenorrhoea was concealed by unmarried patient. Chest X-ray was normal. Tumor was excised after craniotomy. Histology of tumor was that of secondary choriocarcinoma. Patient responded excellently to chemotherapy and was well one year after. We strongly recommend a high index of suspicion of choriocarcinoma in management of brain tumors. β-HCG assay should be included in investigation of all patients with intracranial tumors irrespective of sex.
Epidemiology and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer--the Nigerian setting in view.
Okuchukwu EH, Olayiwola OA
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807678
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is the 5th most common cancer globally and the 3rd most common killer cancer, although in Nigeria it is the 9th most common cancer with a dismal prognosis. AIM: To review the epidemiological an...
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is the 5th most common cancer globally and the 3rd most common killer cancer, although in Nigeria it is the 9th most common cancer with a dismal prognosis. AIM: To review the epidemiological and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer in Nigeria in the last two decades. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Original articles and review articles published about gastric cancer in Nigeria in the last two decades were reviewed. RESULTS: Most studies that have been done on gastric cancer in Nigeria, and which have been included in this review are hospital-based studies. With the exception of the lower prevalence of the disease and the younger peak age prevalence of gastric cancer in the Nigerian population, the epidemiological and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer are similar to those from other populations. Also, there has been an improvement in the overall survival of gastric cancer in Nigeria over the last three decades. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of gastric cancer in the Nigerian population has remained relatively low over the decades while it continues to share similar mode of presentation with other populations, with some improvement in prognosis.
Evaluation of serum ferritin levels and blood counts in apparently normal individuals in Nnewi, South-east Nigeria.
Okocha CE, Aneke CJ, Ibeh N … +2 more , Onah CE, Okafor N
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807677
INTRODUCTION: Serum ferritin levels as well as blood counts are variously affected in diverse disease conditions, particularly those characterized by inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between serum fe...
INTRODUCTION: Serum ferritin levels as well as blood counts are variously affected in diverse disease conditions, particularly those characterized by inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between serum ferritin levels and blood counts in apparently healthy Nigerian subjects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Five (5ml) of venous blood was collected for full blood count, malaria parasite, serum ferritin and C- reactive protein (CRP) estimation from 88 apparently healthy subjects. Those positive for malaria parasite (on blood film examination) or had elevated serum CRP were excluded. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 16; (SPSS Inc., Chicago IL). Associations were tested between parameters using Pearson's correlation, set at a coefficient of p < 0.05. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board and all participants gave informed consent. RESULTS: The median, mean and modal ages of subjects were 23.50 years, 25.25 years and 16.00 years, respectively while the mean packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell (TWBC), platelet count and serum ferritin level were 0.37L/L, 7.10 x 10(9)/L, 246.39 x 10(9)/L and 18.35 ng/ml, respectively. Age of subjects varied significantly with serum ferritin, platelet count and TWBC (p > 0.05). The PCV, platelet count and TWBC varied significantly across the different age groups of the study population (p < 0.05), likewise the PCV in males, compared to females (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum ferritin level in our apparently healthy subjects is lower than previously reported but did not vary significantly with blood counts.
Preconception care in a southern Nigeria tertiary institution.
Oranu EO, Ojule JD, Nnah EW
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807676
BACKGROUND: The concept of preconception care has been evident from ancient times, and had gained momentum over the past two to three decades especially in the developed world. However, this knowledge and practice is alm...
BACKGROUND: The concept of preconception care has been evident from ancient times, and had gained momentum over the past two to three decades especially in the developed world. However, this knowledge and practice is almost non-existent in developing countries like Nigeria. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross sectional survey of 194 antenatal attendees at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. RESULT: Only 35.05% of the respondent was aware of preconception care, however 86.60% of them thought it was important and should be encouraged in our society. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of preconception care was generally poor among the studied population and this is directly proportional to their educational status. Education of the girl child and improved counseling will advance preconception care in our environment.
Normal pregnancy and coagulation profile: from the first through the third trimester.
Ibeh N, Okocha CE, Aneke CJ … +3 more , Onah CE, Nwosu AO, Nkwazema KA
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807675
BACKGROUND: Normal pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state; a physiological safety valve aimed at preventing excessive maternal blood loss at delivery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of normal pregnancy on blood coagu...
BACKGROUND: Normal pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state; a physiological safety valve aimed at preventing excessive maternal blood loss at delivery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of normal pregnancy on blood coagulation and to explore changes in activity from the first through the third trimester. SUBJECT AND METHODS: Sixty (60) apparently healthy pregnant women (20 from each trimester) and 20 healthy non-pregnant age-matched controls were recruited. Each participant had Prothrombin time (PT). Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelet count done. Multiple comparisons were made between control values and coagulation profile at different stages of pregnancy using the Bonferroni statistics. Results were expressed as means and standard deviations, p < 0.01 was significant at 95 % CI. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional review board. RESULTS: The means of the APTT were significantly lower in the first, second and third trimesters compared with controls (35.59 ± 4.95 seconds, 32.22 ± 5.79 seconds and 29.60 ± 3.66 seconds, respectively, vs. 40.55 ± 5.95 seconds; p = 0.01). Correspondingly, the platelet count was significantly lower in the 3 trimester of pregnancy compared with controls (178.35 ± 41.52 x 10(9)/L vs. 233.86 ± 55.34 x 10(9)/L; p < 0.01) and equally with level in the 2nd trimester (178.35 ± 41.52 x 10(9)/L vs. 232.10 ± 48.67 x 10(9)/L; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The APTT and platelet counts are significantly lower in the 3 trimester of normal pregnancy.
Assessing medical students' perception of effective teaching and learning in Nigerian medical school.
Chinawa JM, Manyike P, Chukwu B … +3 more , Eke CB, Isreal OO, Chinawa AT
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807674
BACKGROUND: Medical education is always in a state of dynamic equilibrium with continuous evolution of new techniques in teaching and learning. OBJECTIVES: Objective of this study is to determine medical students' percep...
BACKGROUND: Medical education is always in a state of dynamic equilibrium with continuous evolution of new techniques in teaching and learning. OBJECTIVES: Objective of this study is to determine medical students' perception on preferences of teaching and learning. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 207 medical students participated in the study. Most (73.9%) of them were males while the modal age group was 23-25 years. Majority (57.5%) of the students belong the middle socioeconomic class and 65.7% resided within the hostel. RESULTS: Majority of the students (48.8%) believe two hours is enough to per lecture. Among the five different teaching-learning methods investigated, use of multimedia methods was found to be most effective. There exist a statistically significant association was found only in gender with regular oral examinations (Χ2 = 4.5, df = 1, p = 0.03) and socioeconomic class with dictation of lecture notes (Χ2 = 17.9, df = 9, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The present day medical student will end up as a good clinician if modern techniques of teaching and communication skills of the lecturers are adopted.
Job-related risk factors for low back pain in adults attending a tertiary hospital in Uyo, Nigeria.
Jiman AC, Etukumana EA, Ukot IA … +2 more , Udoh SB, Akinbami SO
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807673
BACKGROUND: Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder. However, there is very little information about low back pain in the general population in developing Countries. This study was aimed at identifying the job...
BACKGROUND: Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder. However, there is very little information about low back pain in the general population in developing Countries. This study was aimed at identifying the job-related risk factors for low back pain in adults attending the General Out-patient Clinic of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was utilized. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from Four Hundred (400) consenting adults aged 18 years and above, attending the General Out-patient Clinic of University of Uyo Teaching Hospital from May 2011 to July 2011. The data obtained was analyzed using Epi Info statistical software version 3.2.2. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 38 ± 14.2 years. There were 176 male subjects and 224 female subjects in ratio 1:1.3. The prevalence of low back pain was 31%. Statistically significant job-related risk factors were heavy lifting activity (Χ2 = 27.52, P = 0.0001) and stressful jobs (Χ2 = 29.57. P < 0.0001). Low job satisfaction (Χ2 = 1.22, P = 0.26) and prolonged sitting or bending (Χ2 = 0.28, P = 0.50) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: This study showed that stressful jobs, and jobs involving heavy lifting activity are significantly associated with low back pain. Health education on proper lifting techniques and the reduction of stress at work should be encouraged.
Assessment of awareness, perception and utilization of health services among patients attending clinic at the Muslim Ummah Hospital, Kisi, South-west, Nigeria.
Ahmed AK, Agbana BE
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807672
BACKGROUND: Health has been a prime concern of humanity since the dawn of history. People aspire to improve their health and also that of their household and communities. Healthcare utilization by the community is greatl...
BACKGROUND: Health has been a prime concern of humanity since the dawn of history. People aspire to improve their health and also that of their household and communities. Healthcare utilization by the community is greatly influenced by their awareness and perception. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive study of the Awareness, Perception and Utilization of the Muslim Ummah Hospital, Kisi was carried out using a structured, interviewer administered questionnaire. Three hundred and eighty (380) participated in the study. A systematic sampling technique was utilized in sample selection. RESULT: The mean age of respondent was 36.9 + 2.95 years. Female respondents constituted 58.92% while the male counterpart were 41.08%. Awareness among the respondents is quite encouraging, as 198 (52%) of women respondents showed knowledge of the presence of the health center. A total of 38.1% (145) believed the service is very good while only 6.5% (25) considered it to be poor. On utilization profile 56.7% (215) had one time or the other attended the Outpatient Department; 43 (11.3%) for General Surgery, 7.4% (28) immunization, 15.4% (59) Delivery service and 9.2% (35) for Antenatal care. CONCLUSION: Health service utilization of the Muslim Ummah Comprehensive Hospital was shown to be greatly influenced by the community awareness of the service provided and their perception of the quality of service.
Childhood rhabdomyosarcoma in Kano, Nigeria: a retrospective analysis of 52 cases.
Raphael S, Yusuf I, Imam I
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807671
BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children ≤ 15 years of age. There is, however, a paucity of reports on the pattern of its occurrence in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. OBJECTIVE:...
BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children ≤ 15 years of age. There is, however, a paucity of reports on the pattern of its occurrence in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to highlight the age and sex distribution, anatomical location and morphological characteristics of rhabdomyosarcoma among children in Kano, northwestern Nigeria. PATIENTS AND METHOD: This is a 14 year retrospective study of all cases of rhabdomyosarcomas occurring in children diagnosed at the Pathology Department of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Clinical data obtained included sex, age, tumour site and histologic subtype. RESULTS: Fifty two children were seen with a male to female ratio of 1 : 1.3. The ages of these Patients ranged from 4 months to 15 years with a mean (SD) age of 6.99 (4.1) years and peak age frequency in the 0 to 5 years age group. The embryonal variant was the most common histological subtype (69%). The others were alveolar (27%) and pleomorphic (4%) variants. The head and neck was the most affected region (44%) and the most common primary site was the orbit (19.2%). CONCLUSION: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common childhood soft tissue sarcoma in Kano. It occurs in females more frequently than males and the most common histologic subtype is embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma affecting predominantly the orbit.
Role of warm saline mouth rinse in prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomized controlled trial.
Osunde OD, Bassey GO
Niger J Med · 2015 · PMID 25807670
BACKGROUND: The present study was aimed at determining the role warm saline rinse in the prevention of alveolar osteitis following dental extractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Apparently patients aged 16 and above who were...
BACKGROUND: The present study was aimed at determining the role warm saline rinse in the prevention of alveolar osteitis following dental extractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Apparently patients aged 16 and above who were referred to the Oral Surgery Clinic of our institution, with an indication for non-surgical extraction of pathologic teeth were prospectively and uniformly randomized into warm saline group and control. The experimental group (n = 80) were instructed to gargle 6 times daily with warm saline and no such instructions were given to the second group (n = 80) to serve as controls. Information on demographic, indications for extraction, and development of alveolar osteitis were obtained and analyzed. Comparative statistics were done using Pearson's chi square or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The demographic and other baseline parameters such as indications for extractions were comparable among the study groups (p > 0.05). The overall prevalence of alveolar osteitis was 13.7%. There was a statistical significant difference between the study groups with respect to development of alveolar osteitis (X2 = 15.00, df = 1, p = 0.001).The risk of development of alveolar osteitis was 4 times higher in the control group (OR = 4.33, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Warm saline mouth rinse instruction is beneficial in the prevention of development of alveolar osteitis after dental extractions.
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