Annals Of Behavioral Medicine[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Behavioral interventions-past, present, and future: Proceedings of the 5th International Behavioural Trials Network International Hybrid Meeting.
Bacon SL, Lavoie KL, Buckeridge D … +11 more , Dietz WH, Freedland KE, Grimshaw JM, Jaworski BK, Laur C, Marques MM, Michie S, Powell LH, Rothman AJ, Whitmarsh L, 5th IBTN Meeting Faculty
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39873378 · Publisher ↗
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Glass "half full" on obesity and anti-obesity medication health communication.
Hsu R, Eiselt AK, Kompala T
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39801283 · Publisher ↗
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Provided and received positive and negative social control, relationship satisfaction, and sedentary behavior in parent-child dyads.
Siwa M, Banik A, Szczuka Z … +7 more , Kulis E, Boberska M, Wietrzykowska D, Knoll N, DeLongis A, Knäuper B, Luszczynska A
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39789895 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The close relationship processes and health model and the dyadic health influence model posit that relationship beliefs (eg, relationship satisfaction) and influence strategies (eg, provision and receipt of p...
BACKGROUND: The close relationship processes and health model and the dyadic health influence model posit that relationship beliefs (eg, relationship satisfaction) and influence strategies (eg, provision and receipt of positive and negative social control) mediate health behavior change. However, evidence for such mediation in parent-child dyads is limited. PURPOSE: Two complementary mediation hypotheses were tested: (1) social control forms indirect relationships with sedentary behavior (SB), via relationship satisfaction acting as a mediator; and (2) relationship satisfaction forms indirect relationships with SB, with social control operating as a mediator. METHODS: Data from 247 parent-child dyads (9- to 15-year-old children) were analyzed using manifest mediation models. SB was measured with GT3X-BT accelerometers at Time 1 (T1; baseline) and Time 3 (T3; 8-month follow-up). Relationship satisfaction and social control were assessed at T1 and Time 2 (T2; 2-month follow-up). Path analysis models, controlling for baseline SB, were fit. RESULTS: Received positive control (children, T1) was associated with higher relationship satisfaction in both children and parents (T2), which in turn were related to lower and higher parental SB at T3, respectively. Provided positive control (parents; T1) was related to higher SB (T3) in children. Relationship satisfaction among children (T1) predicted higher levels of received positive and negative control (children, T2). CONCLUSIONS: Provided and received positive social control may form direct and indirect associations with SB in parent-child dyads. Future research may need to consider further subtypes of positive control, which may explain the divergent effects of this form of control on SB.
Correction to: Implementation of a Telehealth Smoking Cessation Program in Primarily Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Black Patients: Courage to Quit Rolling-Virtual (CTQ-RV).
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39786537 · Full text
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A scoping review of empirical research on firearms and firearm violence among sexual and gender minority populations in the United States.
Correll-King WM, Crifasi C, Gamarel KE
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39774605 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Firearms-related health sciences research has documented disparities in fatal and nonfatal firearm injury impacting populations in the United States defined by race and ethnicity, age, gender, and geography....
BACKGROUND: Firearms-related health sciences research has documented disparities in fatal and nonfatal firearm injury impacting populations in the United States defined by race and ethnicity, age, gender, and geography. Recent reports from research and advocacy organizations have highlighted a need for this research to include sexual and gender minority (ie, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer [LGBTQ+]) populations to guide public health efforts to prevent homicide, suicide, and injury. PURPOSE: The current review examines and summarizes existing research related to firearms and LGBTQ+ populations in the United States. METHODS: A search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, LGBT Life, and Scopus was conducted in May 2024 using search strings related to LGBTQ+ populations, firearms, and suicide. Articles were included in this review if they were peer-reviewed, empirical studies assessing any construct related to firearms among LGBTQ+ people in the United States. RESULTS: Ultimately, 35 studies were included. Constructs examined in included studies were suicide (n = 6), homicide (n = 4), responses to the Pulse nightclub shooting (n = 9), nonfatal interpersonal violence (n = 4), and firearm access and ownership (n = 12). CONCLUSIONS: Findings identified substantial gaps in the literature, underscoring an urgent need for LGBTQ+ health researchers and firearm injury prevention researchers to collaboratively extend and improve the evidence base on firearms among LGBTQ+ populations. Key recommendations include improving Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity data collection in firearms research, collecting original data to address LGBTQ+-specific and LGBTQ+-inclusive research questions regarding firearms, broadening the scope of firearms constructs assessed among LGTBQ+ populations, and using intersectionality to guide future research.
Health-related social control in overweight romantic couples: daily associations with physical activity and affect for targets and agents.
Küng P, Berli C, Höhener PS … +2 more , Tobias R, Scholz U
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39774604 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Physical activity is essential for health and wellbeing. However, many individuals fail to reach the recommended levels and obesity rates are increasing. Health-related social control refers to strategies emp...
BACKGROUND: Physical activity is essential for health and wellbeing. However, many individuals fail to reach the recommended levels and obesity rates are increasing. Health-related social control refers to strategies employed by 1 person (agent) to influence another person's (target) health behavior. These strategies can be classified into persuasion (eg, encouraging or motivating) or pressure (eg, nagging or coercing). However, much of the existing research is cross-sectional and mostly focuses on the experiences of the targets. PURPOSE: This study investigates how persuasion and pressure within overweight romantic couples relate to outcomes in both agents and targets. Specifically, it examines same-day associations with positive and negative affect, as well as physical activity. METHODS: This study is a secondary analysis of the 14-day follow-up period from a randomized controlled trial. Accelerometers and daily diaries tracked 99 overweight romantic couples. For each outcome and each partner, separate multilevel models were fitted. RESULTS: Daily persuasion used by agents was associated with increased physical activity in targets and a more favorable affect in agents. Daily pressure was not associated with the physical activity of either partner but was linked to a more unfavorable affect in the agent. Both persuasion and pressure were unrelated to the targets' affect. CONCLUSIONS: Health-related social control in romantic relationships relates to same-day outcomes of both agents and targets. Our findings suggest that health behavior change interventions and weight loss programs could benefit from encouraging persuasion and limiting pressure.
Exploring novel determinants of exercise behavior: a lagged exposure-wide approach.
Lee HH, Kim ES, Kim Y … +2 more , Conroy DE, VanderWeele TJ
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39756405 · Full text
UNLABELLED: Many middle-aged to older adults do not engage in regular exercise at all, despite its importance for healthy aging. Extensive research grounded in behavioral and social science theories has identified numero...
UNLABELLED: Many middle-aged to older adults do not engage in regular exercise at all, despite its importance for healthy aging. Extensive research grounded in behavioral and social science theories has identified numerous determinants of exercise. However, few studies used an exposure-wide approach, a data-driven exploratory method particularly useful for identifying novel determinants. METHODS: We used data from 13 771 participants in the Health and Retirement Study, a diverse, national panel study of adults aged >50 years in the United States, to evaluate 62 candidate determinants of exercise participation. Candidate predictors were drawn from the following domains: health behaviors, physical health, psychological well-being, psychological distress, social factors, and work. We used Poisson regression with robust error variance to individually regress exercise in the outcome wave (t2: 2014/2016) on baseline candidate predictors (at t1: 2010/2012) controlling for all covariates in the previous wave (t0: 2006/2008). RESULTS: Some physical health conditions (eg, physical functioning limitations and lung disease), psychological factors (eg, health mastery, purpose in life, and positive affect), and social factors (eg, helping others, religious service attendance, and volunteering) were robustly associated with increased subsequent exercise. Among factors related to psychological distress, perceived constraints stood out as a factor in reducing exercise. CONCLUSIONS: We identified potentially novel exercise determinants, such as helping friends/neighbors/relatives, religious attendance, and volunteering, that have not been captured using a theory-driven approach. Future studies validating these findings experimentally in midlife and older adults are needed.
Effectiveness of behavior change techniques to address barriers to follow-up colonoscopy: results from an online survey and randomized factorial experiment.
Kerrison RS, Gil N, Stoffel S … +5 more , Hirst Y, Whitaker KL, Rees C, Duffy S, von Wagner C
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39739614 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Nonattendance at colonoscopy is associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. PURPOSE: The aim of this research was to quantify barriers to colonoscopy and test the effectiveness of behavior chang...
BACKGROUND: Nonattendance at colonoscopy is associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. PURPOSE: The aim of this research was to quantify barriers to colonoscopy and test the effectiveness of behavior change techniques (BCTs) to address them. METHODS: Two studies were conducted. In the first study, participants were asked to imagine their next CRC screening result was abnormal, and were presented with the standard abnormal result letter used in the English CRC Screening Programme. Participants then completed a short survey. Multivariate regression tested associations between perceived barriers and intentions. In the second study, participants were randomly presented with a modified version of the abnormal results letter, which incorporated one or more BCTs, designed to target barriers identified in study 1, using a 28 factorial design. Participants then completed the same survey used in study 1. Multivariate regression tested the effectiveness of the BCTs to modify target barriers and intentions. RESULTS: In study 1, 5 items were associated with intentions, namely "Lack of understanding that CRC can be asymptomatic," "Perceived importance of screening," "Transport/travel," "Shared decision making and family influenced participation," and "Fear of pain and discomfort" (all P's < .05). In study 2, the inclusion of a social support message, targeting "shared decision-making and family influenced participation," facilitated independent decision making and increased intentions (both P's < .05). There was no evidence to support the remaining 7 BCTs to modify barriers or intentions (all P's < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Inclusion of a social support message facilitated independent decision-making and improved intentions.
Changes in daily stress reactivity and changes in physical health across 18 years of adulthood.
Rush J, Charles ST, Willroth EC … +3 more , Cerino ES, Piazza JR, Almeida DM
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39729502 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Stress plays a pivotal role in physical health. Although many studies have linked stress reactivity (daily within-person associations between stress exposure and negative affect) to physical health outcomes,...
BACKGROUND: Stress plays a pivotal role in physical health. Although many studies have linked stress reactivity (daily within-person associations between stress exposure and negative affect) to physical health outcomes, we know surprisingly little about how changes in stress reactivity are related to changes in physical health. PURPOSE: The current study examines how change in stress reactivity over 18 years is related to changes in functional health and chronic health conditions. METHODS: Three measurement bursts from the National Study of Daily Experiences (N = 2880; 55% female) each included daily measures of stressor exposure and negative affect across 8 consecutive days, yielding 33 944 days of data across 18 years of adulthood. At each wave, participants reported their functional health limitations (ie, basic activities of daily living [ADL] and instrumental activities of daily living [IADL]) and chronic health conditions. Multilevel structural equation models simultaneously modeled stress reactivity at Level 1, longitudinal changes in stress reactivity at Level 2, and the association between changes in stress reactivity and changes in functional limitations and chronic conditions at Level 3. RESULTS: Higher levels of stress reactivity at baseline were associated with more functional health limitations 18 years later (ADLs: Est. = 0.90, P = .001; IADLs: Est. = 1.78, P < .001). Furthermore, individuals who increased more in their stress reactivity across the 18-year period also showed greater increases in their functional health limitations (ADLs: Est. = 4.02, P = .017; IADLs: Est. = 5.74, P < .001) and chronic conditions (Est. = 11.17, P = .008). CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the strong connection between health and stress in daily life, and how they travel together across adulthood.
Changing mindsets about methotrexate in the rheumatology clinic to reduce side effects and improve adherence: a randomized controlled trial.
Yielder R, Leibowitz K, Crum AJ … +3 more , Manley P, Dalbeth N, Petrie KJ
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39715363 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Patients' negative expectations about medication can exacerbate side effect burden leading to low adherence and persistence. A novel intervention involves targeting mindsets about non-severe symptoms; reframi...
BACKGROUND: Patients' negative expectations about medication can exacerbate side effect burden leading to low adherence and persistence. A novel intervention involves targeting mindsets about non-severe symptoms; reframing them as encouraging signs of medication working. PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess whether a brief symptom-mindset intervention can improve symptom experience and adherence in patients starting methotrexate to treat an inflammatory rheumatic disease. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with patients starting methotrexate. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to a mindset intervention or standard information control condition. Symptom mindset was assessed after 4 weeks to check intervention efficacy. The primary outcome was symptom experience after 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes were adherence and motivation to take methotrexate (4 weeks), as well as continuation and C-reactive protein (12 weeks). RESULTS: Forty-seven participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 24) or control group (n = 23). All participants completed the study. After 4 weeks, compared to the control group, intervention participants endorsed more positive symptom mindsets, experienced less symptom burden (mean difference -2.70 [95% CI, -4.50, -0.90] P = .005), fewer general symptoms (3.53 [-6.99, .79] P = .045) and a similar number of methotrexate-specific symptoms (-0.79 [-2.29, 0.71] P = .295). The intervention group had better motivation and adherence to methotrexate at 4 weeks and better continuation, and C-reactive protein at 12 weeks than the control group. There was no difference in side effect attribution. CONCLUSIONS: In patients starting methotrexate, a mindset intervention reframing the role of non-severe side effects is a promising approach for improving symptom experience and early stage medication persistence.
Dulce Digital-Me: results of a randomized comparative trial of static versus adaptive digital interventions for Latine adults with diabetes.
Philis-Tsimikas A, Fortmann AL, Clark T … +11 more , Spierling Bagsic SR, Farcas E, Roesch SC, Schultz J, Gilmer TP, Godino JG, Savin KL, Chichmarenko M, Jones JA, Sandoval H, Gallo LC
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39707158 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of a static, text-based diabetes education and support intervention (Dulce Digital, DD) versus a dynamic approach with personalized feedback and goal setting (Dulce Digital-Me, DD-...
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of a static, text-based diabetes education and support intervention (Dulce Digital, DD) versus a dynamic approach with personalized feedback and goal setting (Dulce Digital-Me, DD-Me) in improving diabetes outcomes. DESIGN AND METHODS: Comparative effectiveness trial in 310 Latine adults with poorly managed type 2 diabetes in a Federally Qualified Health Center in Southern California, randomized to DD, DD-Me-Auto (algorithm-driven text-based personalized feedback), or DD-Me-Tel (coach delivered personalized feedback). Changes in HbA1c (primary outcome), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and patient-reported outcomes were examined across 6 and 12 months, with the primary comparison being DD versus DD-Me (combined automated and telephonic). RESULTS: Participants were 52.1 (±10.2) years old, 69.7% female, with HbA1c 9.3% (±1.6) at baseline. Across groups, there was a statistically significant improvement in HbA1c at 6 months (mean∆ per month = -0.17, 95% CI -0.20, -0.14; P < .001) and 12 months (mean∆ per month = -0.07, 95% CI -0.09, -0.05; P < .001). However, there were no time-by-group interaction effects indicating group differences in clinical outcomes across 6 or 12 months. The DD-Me groups showed greater improvements across time than the DD group for diabetes self-management behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Static and adaptive digital interventions for Latine adults with type 2 diabetes had similar and clinically significant effects on HbA1c across 12 months. Simple digital approaches can be integrated within primary care-based chronic care models to reduce diabetes disparities. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV REGISTRATION: NCT03130699, Initial Release 04/24/2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03130699?term=NCT03130699&draw=2&rank=1.
Stigmas experienced by sexual and gender minority people with HIV in the Dominican Republic: a qualitative study.
Budhwani H, Ruiz De León I, Waters J … +7 more , Nash P, Bond CL, Varas-Díaz N, Naar S, Nyblade L, Paulino-Ramírez R, Turan JM
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39688954 · Full text
BACKGROUND: As part of a study to test the feasibility and acceptability of the Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH) intervention to reduce stigmas and improve HIV viral suppression, our team collected qu...
BACKGROUND: As part of a study to test the feasibility and acceptability of the Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH) intervention to reduce stigmas and improve HIV viral suppression, our team collected qualitative data from men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV, transgender women with HIV, and HIV healthcare providers for their perspectives on different stigmas in Dominican Republic healthcare settings. PURPOSE: We aimed to develop an understanding of the causes, consequences, and domains of stigma among sexual and gender minorities with HIV in Dominican Republic HIV clinics. METHODS: Data collection occurred in Santo Domingo and Santiago (2020-2021) and included four focus groups with MSM with HIV (n = 26), in-depth interviews with transgender women with HIV (n = 14), and in-depth interviews with HIV healthcare providers (n = 16). All data collection occurred in person and was audio recorded. Standardized guides were used for focus groups and in-depth interviews. Using a deductive process, 2 research associates thematically coded data in the NVivo software. RESULTS: On average, focus groups were 81 minutes, provider in-depth interviews were 24 minutes, and transgender women in-depth interviews were 32 minutes. We identified 4 key themes that mapped to 4 domains of stigma affecting MSM and transgender women with HIV: migrant stigma, religious stigma, sexual and gender minorities (SGM) stigma, and HIV stigma. All participant types noted the persistence of stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings in the Dominican Republic. The consequences of these stigmas were reported as being significant, including attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to reduce stigma experienced by SGM populations with HIV should address structural barriers, including inner and outer contexts of HIV care provision and cultural norms and values that propagate stigma. Findings offer insights about which stigmas could be targeted in future studies and how to potentially address stigma to improve population health in the Dominican Republic.
Behavioral medicine in the GLP-1 era.
Tomiyama AJ
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39657161 · Full text
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist medications are receiving high levels of attention because of their dramatic efficacy in causing weight loss. This commentary discusses several ways that those in behavioral medici...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist medications are receiving high levels of attention because of their dramatic efficacy in causing weight loss. This commentary discusses several ways that those in behavioral medicine and health psychology might think about these medications-whether they should be fully in support of them or whether they pose a risk. The positive aspects of GLP-1s include their great promise in improving health independent of weight loss and the perspective that their efficacy frees individuals from the difficulties of behavioral weight maintenance and the associated stigma of "failing" to lose weight. However, GLP-1 agonist medications also risk medicalizing weight and increasing weight stigma (in addition to those on GLP-1 medications being stigmatized for taking the "easy way out"). From a social identity perspective, GLP-1 medications could even be perceived as a tool to eradicate an entire social group-those that identify as higher weight. In terms of clinical care, a patient-centered, weight-inclusive approach will allow for individuals to receive the treatment that fits with their own social and health context. In terms of research, behavioral medicine should shift away from weight loss interventions simply to lower body mass index, and instead intervene on actual health markers, disease endpoints, or healthy behaviors. Doing so will improve health regardless of a person's weight or whether they are on GLP-1 agonist medications.
Perceived Control and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review.
Magin ZE, Emrich M, Park CL … +2 more , Peña I, Lyn L
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39657143 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Perceived control, defined as an individual's belief in their ability to influence life events and circumstances, has been implicated in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some research has de...
BACKGROUND: Perceived control, defined as an individual's belief in their ability to influence life events and circumstances, has been implicated in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some research has demonstrated a link between perceived control and blood pressure, a major CVD risk factor. However, methodological differences across studies, including variability in definitions and measures of perceived control, preclude a clear understanding of this relationship. PURPOSE: This systematic review describes the evidence regarding the association between perceived control and blood pressure, with a specific focus on integrating the literatures across multiple control-related constructs to provide a comprehensive understanding of their relationship with blood pressure. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted across five databases. Data were extracted from 24 studies that quantitatively examined the relationship between perceived control and blood pressure and met inclusion criteria. Results across studies were narratively synthesized. RESULTS: Limited evidence emerged across studies showing a negative relationship between perceived control and both resting blood pressure and ambulatory blood pressure, but no studies reviewed found that perceived control was associated with lower blood pressure reactivity to a lab stressor. CONCLUSIONS: The findings here provide preliminary evidence that perceived control may serve as an important protective factor against high blood pressure. The findings highlight the need for additional quality research to examine this link more thoroughly. Recommendations for future research are provided.
Yes I can! Exploring the impact of self-efficacy in a digital weight loss intervention.
Cleare AE, Gardner CD, King AC … +1 more , Patel ML
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39673768 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Self-efficacy is a modifiable intervention target in behavioral weight loss interventions. However, its role in the context of digital interventions is less clear. PURPOSE: To determine change in self-efficac...
BACKGROUND: Self-efficacy is a modifiable intervention target in behavioral weight loss interventions. However, its role in the context of digital interventions is less clear. PURPOSE: To determine change in self-efficacy in a digital weight loss intervention, and whether self-efficacy is associated with engagement in self-monitoring diet or weight loss. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of the GoalTracker study among 100 adults with overweight or obesity enrolled in a 12-week standalone digital weight loss intervention emphasizing daily self-monitoring. At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months, we assessed self-efficacy for controlling eating (via the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire; WELQ) and self-efficacy for tracking diet. Dietary self-monitoring engagement data were collected from the MyFitnessPal app. Weight was collected in person on a calibrated scale. Analyses included participants with complete data (N range: 72-99). RESULTS: Positive change from baseline to 1 month in self-efficacy for controlling eating was associated with higher dietary self-monitoring engagement (r = 0.21, P = .008) but not with 3-month weight change (r = -0.20, P = .052). Meanwhile, positive change from baseline to 1 month in self-efficacy for tracking diet was associated in a beneficial direction with both outcomes (r = 0.57, P < .001; r = -0.35, P < .001, respectively). However, on average, self-efficacy for controlling eating did not change over time while self-efficacy for tracking diet decreased (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Improvements in self-efficacy-particularly for tracking diet-early on in a digital weight loss intervention served as a mechanism of greater engagement and weight loss, highlighting the need for strengthening intervention strategies that promote early self-efficacy within a digital context.
Heterogeneous depressive symptom trajectories among women with type 2 diabetes: findings from the Women's Interagency HIV Study.
Perez NB, D'Eramo Melkus G, Fletcher J … +10 more , Allen-Watts K, Jones DL, Collins LF, Ramirez C, Long A, Cohen MH, Merenstein D, Wilson TE, Sharma A, Aouizerat B
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39671516 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Depression affects 33% of women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and leads to increased risks of premature mortality. Fluctuation and variation of depressive presentations can hinder clinical identification. PURPOS...
BACKGROUND: Depression affects 33% of women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and leads to increased risks of premature mortality. Fluctuation and variation of depressive presentations can hinder clinical identification. PURPOSE: We aimed to identify and examine subgroups characterized by distinct depressive symptom trajectories among women with T2D. METHODS: This retrospective analysis leveraged the Women's Interagency HIV Study data to identify depressive symptom trajectories based on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scores (2014-2019) among women with and without HIV. Descriptive statistics characterized sample demographics (eg, age, race, income), clinical indices (eg, hemoglobin A1C [HbA1c], BMI, HIV status), and psychosocial experiences (eg, discrimination, social support, anxiety, pain). We used growth mixture modeling to identify groups defined by distinct depressive symptom trajectories and parametric and non-parametric tests to examine demographic, clinical, and psychosocial differences across subgroups. RESULTS: Among the 630 women included, the mean age was 50.4 (SD = 8.3) years, 72.4% identified as Black and non-Hispanic, and 68.2% were living with HIV. Five subgroups were identified and distinguished by severity and symptom type. Participants with lower incomes (P = .01), lower employment (P < .0001), lower social support (P = .0001), and experiences of discrimination (P < .0001) showed greater membership in threshold, moderate, and severe depressive subgroups. Subgroup membership was not associated with metabolic indices (BMI, HbA1c) or HIV status. Anxiety, pain, and loneliness (all P = .0001) were worse in subgroups with higher depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Among women with T2D, depressive symptom trajectories differ across clinical and social contexts. This study advances precision by delineating subgroups within a broad clinical category.
Associations of nonoccupational sedentary behaviors with cardiometabolic outcomes: coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA).
Zieff G, Bancks MP, Gabriel KP … +5 more , Barone Gibbs B, Moore JB, Reis JP, Stone K, Stoner L
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39671511 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The association between sedentary behavior (SB) and cardiometabolic risk may differ by SB domain and context. Nonoccupational SB is particularly important because it is discretionary and more amenable to chan...
BACKGROUND: The association between sedentary behavior (SB) and cardiometabolic risk may differ by SB domain and context. Nonoccupational SB is particularly important because it is discretionary and more amenable to change. This study estimated associations of nonoccupational SB contexts with hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: A total of 3370 middle-aged adults (50.1 ± 3.6 years; 56% F) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study were included. Cross-sectional and 5-year prospective associations between self-report total SB and 6 context-specific SBs (television-TV, computer, transportation, phone, music, and paperwork) with HTN and DM were tested using logistic regression. Fully adjusted models controlled for sociodemographic variables, body mass index, and self-report moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity. RESULTS: Prevalences of HTN and DM at baseline were 48% (1618 cases) and 10% (320 cases), respectively. Each hour per day of total-SB was cross-sectionally associated with HTN (OR: 1.03, 95% CI, 1.01-1.05) but not DM, with nonsignificant prospective associations for HTN and DM. Of the context-specific SBs, only TV-SB was significantly associated with HTN or DM. Each hour of TV-SB was cross-sectionally associated with HTN (OR: 1.09, 95% CI, 1.03-1.15) and DM (OR: 1.18, 95% CI, 1.09-1.29), and prospectively with HTN (OR: 1.14, 95% CI, 1.04-1.26) but not DM. CONCLUSION: When comparing total-SB and the 6 context-specific SBs, TV-SB was most robustly associated with HTN. The findings were less clear for DM. Behavior change strategies that target TV-SB reduction may be effective at reducing HTN risk in middle-aged adults.
Systematic review of family-based interventions integrating cultural and family resilience components to improve Black adolescent health outcomes.
Quattlebaum M, Wilson DK, Simmons T … +1 more , Martin PP
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39661961 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Past reviews have shown that culturally salient resilience interventions buffer the negative effects of racial discrimination on psychological and behavioral outcomes among Black youth. However, these prior r...
BACKGROUND: Past reviews have shown that culturally salient resilience interventions buffer the negative effects of racial discrimination on psychological and behavioral outcomes among Black youth. However, these prior reviews neglect to integrate trials targeting physical health and/or health-promoting outcomes, synthesize trials based on methodological rigor, or systematically assess efficacy or resilience intervention components. PURPOSE: This systematic review expands on past research by (1) providing an up to-date literature review on family-based cultural resilience interventions across a range of health-related outcomes (physical health, health behaviors, health risk-taking behaviors, and psychological), (2) evaluating the rigor of these interventions, (3) analyzing the efficacy of rigorous interventions, and (4) describing the resilience intervention components of rigorous interventions. METHODS: Using the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted from 1992 to 2022. Studies were included if they were family-based resilience interventions targeting health-related outcomes among Black adolescents ages 10-17 years. RESULTS: Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria, 10 of which were not included in past reviews. Overall, 10 trials demonstrated high methodological rigor, 9 of which were efficacious. Most rigorous, efficacious trials targeted health risk-taking behaviors outcomes (~66%), whereas none targeted health promotion behaviors (physical activity, diet). Resilience components of rigorous efficacious interventions included racial socialization (racial coping, cultural pride) and family resilience (communication, routine), with fewer integrating racial identity (self-concept, role models) and cultural assets (spirituality, communalism). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest the need to replicate existing rigorous strengths-based resilience interventions and address broader outcomes, including health-promoting behaviors, in the future.
Stability and change of illness identity in Belgian youth with type 1 diabetes: a latent transition analysis.
Van Laere E, Oris L, Schepers K … +5 more , Vanderhaegen J, Campens S, Moons P, Hilbrands R, Luyckx K
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39661959 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are tasked with integrating their illness into their identity, a process conceptualized as illness identity. To date, longitudinal person-centered studies are lacking that sub...
BACKGROUND: Youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are tasked with integrating their illness into their identity, a process conceptualized as illness identity. To date, longitudinal person-centered studies are lacking that substantiate qualitative research capturing illness identity as a process. PURPOSE: First, the current study examined patterns of stability and change among illness identity profiles in youth with T1D. Second, the study investigated how these profiles and patterns are related to background and medical characteristics, psychological, and contextual variables. METHODS: This 4-wave longitudinal study (covering 3 years) included 558 adolescents and emerging adults with T1D at baseline recruited from the Belgian Diabetes Registry (age range = 14-26 years, 54% female). Latent transition analysis was used to examine (1) illness identity profiles and (2) patterns of stability and change among these profiles. Multinomial logistic regression models examined the profiles' and patterns' associations with the background and medical characteristics, psychological, and contextual variables. RESULTS: Three illness identity profiles emerged: the more-integrated profile, the less-integrated profile, and the least-integrated profile. Although most individuals remained within their profile across 3 years, several meaningful transitions occurred as well. Age, self-esteem, diabetes distress, and psychological control were related to profile membership, whereas only illness duration was related to transitional patterns. CONCLUSION: The present study informed both theory and clinical practice on how illness identity is experienced by youth with T1D from a person-centered perspective. In addition, the results provided insight into which aspects are meaningfully related to illness identity integration, supporting tailored interventions for youth with T1D.
Effects of Government Mistrust and Group-Based Medical Mistrust on COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among a Sample of African Americans.
Manning M, Dailey R, Levy P … +3 more , Towner E, Cresswell S, Thompson HS
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 39661958 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Despite the demonstrated efficacy of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines, higher rates of vaccine hesitancy among African Americans remain concerning. As determinants of vaccine hesitancy, the simultaneou...
BACKGROUND: Despite the demonstrated efficacy of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines, higher rates of vaccine hesitancy among African Americans remain concerning. As determinants of vaccine hesitancy, the simultaneous roles of government mistrust and group-based medical mistrust have not been examined via from a cognitive information perspective among African Americans. PURPOSE: We examined the direct and indirect effects of government mistrust and group-based medical mistrust on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a sample of African Americans. METHODS: We obtained data from 382 African Americans in South-East Michigan via an online survey. We assessed demographic variables, government mistrust, group-based medical mistrust, COVID risk and COVID worry, and positive and negative beliefs regarding the COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., vaccine pros and cons), and vaccine hesitancy. We examined our hypotheses with path analyses. RESULTS: Results indicated significant direct effects of government mistrust on vaccine hesitancy; however, despite a significant correlation, there was no direct effect of group-based medical mistrust on vaccine hesitancy. The effect of group-based medical mistrust was fully mediated by both vaccine pros and cons, whereas the effect of government mistrust was partially mediated by vaccine pros. COVID risk and COVID worry did not mediate the effects of mistrust to vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSION: Negative effects of group-based medical mistrust on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among African Americans may be amenable to interventions that focus on beliefs about the vaccine rather than beliefs about vulnerability to the virus. However, given its direct effect, it may be necessary to focus directly on government mistrust to diminish its effects on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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