Journal Of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology[JOURNAL]
Sun
168 papers
White light-emitting, biocompatible, water-soluble metallic magnesium nanoclusters for bioimaging applications.
Srivastava P, Verma VK, Sabbarwal S … +4 more , Singh M, Sahoo K, Koch B, Kumar M
Nanotechnology · 2022 Dec · PMID 36537740 · Publisher ↗
Ultra-small (1.6 nm), water-soluble, white light-emitting (WLE), highly stable (∼8 months) BSA templated metallic (Mg) nanoclusters (fluorescent magnesium nanoclusters = FMNCs) is developed using the green and facile rou...
Ultra-small (1.6 nm), water-soluble, white light-emitting (WLE), highly stable (∼8 months) BSA templated metallic (Mg) nanoclusters (fluorescent magnesium nanoclusters = FMNCs) is developed using the green and facile route. Synthesis was facilitated by the reduction of magnesium salt, where template bovine serum albumin is utilized as a reducing agent and ascorbic acid act as a capping agent to impart stability in water, thereby obtaining stabilized Mgnanoclusters In solution, stabilized Mgnanoclusters produce white light (450-620 nm with FWHM ∼120 nm) upon 366 nm light excitation. This white light emission was found to have a CIE coordinate of 0.30, 0.33 [pure white light CIE (0.33, 0.33)]. Taking advantage of WLE and ultrasmall size, FMNCs were used forfluorescence imaging of HaCaT cell lines, yielding blue (= 2.94 ns, with a relative of QY = 1.2 % w.r.t QS), green (= 3.07 ns; relative quantum yield of 4.6% w.r.t R6G) and red (= 0.3 ns) images. Further, incubation of FMNCs with HEK293 (Human embryonic kidney cell) and cancerous MDA-MB-231 (Breast cancer cell line) human cell lines yielded 100 % cell viability. Current work is envisioned to contribute significantly in the area of science, engineering, and nanomedicine.
Cyclic transitions of DNA origami dimers driven by thermal cycling.
Chen Z, Chen K, Xie C … +3 more , Liao K, Xu F, Pan L
Nanotechnology · 2022 Nov · PMID 36332233 · Publisher ↗
It is widely observed that life activities are regulated through conformational transitions of biological macromolecules, which inspires the construction of environmental responsive nanomachines in recent years. Here we...
It is widely observed that life activities are regulated through conformational transitions of biological macromolecules, which inspires the construction of environmental responsive nanomachines in recent years. Here we present a thermal responsive DNA origami dimers system, whose conformations can be cyclically switched by thermal cycling. In our strategy, origami dimers are assembled at high temperatures and disassembled at low temperatures, which is different from the conventional strategy of breaking nanostructures using high temperatures. The advantage of this strategy is that the dimers system can be repeatedly operated without significant performance degradation, compared to traditional strategies such as conformational transitions via i-motif and G-quadruplexes, whose performance degrades with sample dilution due to repeated addition of trigger solutions. The cyclic conformational transitions of the dimers system are verified by fluorescence curves and AFM images. This research offered a new way to construct cyclic transformational nanodevices, such as reusable nanomedicine delivery systems or nanorobots with long service lifetimes.
Nanoparticles-based delivery system and its potentials in treating central nervous system disorders.
Liu T, Xie Q, Dong Z … +1 more , Peng Q
Nanotechnology · 2022 Aug · PMID 35917704 · Publisher ↗
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), have become severe health concern worldwide. The treatment of the CNS diseases is of great challenges due largely to...
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), have become severe health concern worldwide. The treatment of the CNS diseases is of great challenges due largely to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). On the one hand, BBB protects brain from the harmful exogenous molecules via inhibiting their entry into the brain. On the other hand, it also hampers the transport of therapeutic drugs into the brain, resulting in the difficulties in treating the CNS diseases. In the past decades, nanoparticles-based drug delivery systems have shown great potentials in overcoming the BBB owing to their unique physicochemical properties, such as small size and specific morphology. In addition, functionalization of nanomaterials confers these nanocarriers controlled drug release features and targeting capacities. These properties make nanocarriers the potent delivery systems for treating the CNS disorders. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in nanoparticles-based systems for the CNS delivery, including the conventional and innovative systems. The prerequisites, drawbacks and challenges of nanocarriers (such as protein corona formation) in the CNS delivery are also discussed.
Active targeting of CD4T lymphocytes by PEI-capped, peptide-functionalized gold nanoparticles.
Ncobeni N, de la Torre BG, Albericio F … +2 more , Kruger HG, Parboosing R
Nanotechnology · 2022 Jul · PMID 35700711 · Publisher ↗
Active targeting is a promising approach for the treatment of viral infections. In particular, site-specific formulations for the treatment of HIV infection may overcome challenges associated with current ARV regimens. I...
Active targeting is a promising approach for the treatment of viral infections. In particular, site-specific formulations for the treatment of HIV infection may overcome challenges associated with current ARV regimens. In this study we explored active targeting by synthesizing a gold nanoparticle construct decorated with an anti-CD4 cyclic peptide. The aim was to demonstrate selectivity of the system for the CD4 receptor and to deliver the RNA payload into T-lymphocytes. Colloidal gold nanoparticles functionalized with-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP) were formed by a one-pot synthesis method where thiol modified polyethyleneimine (PEI) was mixed with chloroauric acid. PEI-SPDP AuNPs (gold nanoparticles) were conjugated to an anti-CD4 peptide and loaded with RNA. We measured toxicity and uptake using TZM-bl and HeLa cells. Our findings show that the nanoparticles bind selectively to CD4 + cells. UV-vis characterisation of the nanoparticles revealed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 527 nm, corresponding to a 6 nm diameter. HRTEM of the complete nanoparticles visualised circular shaped particles with average diameter of ∼7 nm. The polydispersity index was calculated to be 0.08, indicating monodispersity of complete NPS in solution. Through the pyridine-2-thione assay each nanoparticle was calculated to carry 1.37 × 10SPDP molecules available for peptide binding. Flow cytometry showed that 13.6% of TZM-bl cells, and 0.14% of HeLa cells retained fluorescence after an overnight incubation, an indication of system binding. No internal RNA delivery was demonstrated. Further work is required to improve internalization.
Protein adsorption onto nanomaterials engineered for theranostic applications.
Nienhaus K, Xue Y, Shang L … +1 more , Nienhaus GU
Nanotechnology · 2022 Apr · PMID 35294940 · Publisher ↗
The key role of biomolecule adsorption onto engineered nanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes has been well recognized by the nanobiotechnology community, and our mechanistic understanding of nano-bio inte...
The key role of biomolecule adsorption onto engineered nanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes has been well recognized by the nanobiotechnology community, and our mechanistic understanding of nano-bio interactions has greatly advanced over the past decades. Attention has recently shifted to gaining active control of nano-bio interactions, so as to enhance the efficacy of nanomaterials in biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize progress in this field and outline directions for future development. First, we briefly review fundamental knowledge about the intricate interactions between proteins and nanomaterials, as unraveled by a large number of mechanistic studies. Then, we give a systematic overview of the ways that protein-nanomaterial interactions have been exploited in biomedical applications, including the control of protein adsorption for enhancing the targeting efficiency of nanomedicines, the design of specific protein adsorption layers on the surfaces of nanomaterials for use as drug carriers, and the development of novel nanoparticle array-based sensors based on nano-bio interactions. We will focus on particularly relevant and recent examples within these areas. Finally, we conclude this topical review with an outlook on future developments in this fascinating research field.
Targeted drug delivery vehicles mediated by nanocarriers and aptamers for posterior eye disease therapeutics: barriers, recent advances and potential opportunities.
Zhang T, Jin X, Zhang N … +5 more , Jiao X, Ma Y, Liu R, Liu B, Li Z
Nanotechnology · 2022 Jan · PMID 34965522 · Publisher ↗
Nanomedicine and aptamer have excellent potential in giving play to passive and active targeting respectively, which are considered to be effective strategies in the retro-ocular drug delivery system. The presence of clo...
Nanomedicine and aptamer have excellent potential in giving play to passive and active targeting respectively, which are considered to be effective strategies in the retro-ocular drug delivery system. The presence of closely adjoined tissue structures in the eye makes it difficult to administer the drug in the posterior segment of the eye. The application of nanomedicine could represent a new avenue for the treatment, since it could improve penetration, achieve targeted release, and improve bioavailability. Additionally, a novel type of targeted molecule aptamer with identical objective was proposed. As an emerging molecule, aptamer shows the advantages of penetration, non-toxicity, and high biocompatibility, which make it suitable for ocular drug administration. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the recent studies on the effectiveness of nanoparticles as a drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. This paper also creatively looks forward to the possibility of the combined application of nanocarriers and aptamers as a new method of targeted drug delivery system in the field of post-ophthalmic therapy.
Pseudo single domain NiZn-FeOcolloidal superparamagnetic nanoparticles for MRI-guided hyperthermia application.
Kim JW, Wang J, Kim H … +1 more , Bae S
Nanotechnology · 2022 Jan · PMID 34911046 · Publisher ↗
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided magnetic nanofluid hyperthermia (MNFH) is highly desirable in cancer treatment because it can allow for diagnosis, therapeutics, and prognosis simultaneously. However, the applicat...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided magnetic nanofluid hyperthermia (MNFH) is highly desirable in cancer treatment because it can allow for diagnosis, therapeutics, and prognosis simultaneously. However, the application of currently developed iron-oxide based superparamagnetic nanoparticles (IOSPNPs) for an MRI-guided MNFH agent is technically limited by the low AC heat induction power at the physiologically tolerable range of AC magnetic field (), and the low transverse-relaxivity responsible for the insufficient heating of cancers, and the low resolution of contrast imaging, respectively. Here, pseudo single domain colloidal NiZn-FeO( = 0.6) superparamagnetic nanoparticle (NiZn-FeOPSD-SPNP) physically and theoretically designed at the, specifically by the applied frequency, is proposed for a highly enhanced MRI-guided MNFH agent application. The NiZn-FeOPSD-SPNP showed the superparamagnetic characteristics, significantly enhanced AC heat induction performance (ILP = 6.3 nHmkg), highly improved saturation magnetization (= 97 emu gFe, 3.55 × 10A m) and-relaxivity ( = 396 mMs) that are desirable for highly efficient MRI-guided MNFH agent applications. According to the analyzed results, the remarkably enhanced effective relaxation time constant and its dependent out-of-phase magnetic susceptibility, as well as the DC/AC magnetic softness optimized by the PSD-SPNP at thewere revealed as the main physical reason for the significance. All the fundamentalandexperimental results demonstrated that the physically designed NiZn-FeOPSD-SPNP is bio-technically feasible for a highly efficient MRI-guided MNFH agent for future cancer nanomedicine.
Citrate-capped gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 14 nm alter the expression of genes associated with stress response, cytoprotection and lipid metabolism in CaCo-2 cells.
Wusu AD, Sibuyi NRS, Moabelo KL … +3 more , Goboza M, Madiehe A, Meyer M
Nanotechnology · 2021 Dec · PMID 34814123 · Publisher ↗
Advancements in nanotechnology have provided insight into the unique opportunities for the application of nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in medicine due to their remarkable properties, which includes lo...
Advancements in nanotechnology have provided insight into the unique opportunities for the application of nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in medicine due to their remarkable properties, which includes low toxicity, large surface area, and the ease of synthesis and conjugation to other molecules. Therefore, AuNPs are often preferred for bio-applications. Citrate-capped AuNPs (cAuNPs) have been reported to be non-cytotoxic and are used in numerous studies as drug delivery vehicles to treat various diseases. However, the limitations of bioassays often used to assess the toxicity of AuNPs have been well documented. Herein, we investigate the cytotoxicity of 14 nm cAuNPs in the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell line. Treatment conditions (i.e. dose and exposure time) that were established to be non-toxic to Caco-2 cells were used to investigate the effect of cAuNPs on the expression of a Qiagen panel of 86 genes involved in cytotoxicity. Out of 86 studied, 23 genes were differentially expressed. Genes involved in oxidative stress and antioxidant response, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response, heat shock response, and lipid metabolism were more affected than others. While low concentrations of 14 nm cAuNPs was not cytotoxic and did not cause cell death, cells treated with these nanoparticles experienced ER and oxidative stress, resulting in the activation of cytoprotective cellular processes. Additionally, several genes involved in lipid metabolism were also affected. Therefore, 14 nm cAuNPs can safely be used as drug delivery vehicles at low doses.
Nanofibrous drug delivery systems for breast cancer: a review.
Hussain T, Ramakrishna S, Abid S
Nanotechnology · 2021 Dec · PMID 34757956 · Publisher ↗
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is one of the preferred approaches for treating non-invasive or early-stage breast cancers. However, local-regional recurrence...
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is one of the preferred approaches for treating non-invasive or early-stage breast cancers. However, local-regional recurrence (LRR) is one of the critical risk factors after BCS. As many as 10%-20% of BCS cases may show LRR within 5 years and almost 50% within 10 years after surgery. Radiation therapy is one of the preferred treatments used to prevent LRR after BCS. However, because of possible side-effects of radiation therapy, targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) based on nanofibers loaded with anti-cancer drugs have been explored in recent years to control LRR. This paper aims to review different polymers and anti-cancer drugs used for developing nanofibrous DDS against various breast cancer cell lines for their efficacy and advantages. It was observed that the utilization of nanofibers scaffolds after mastectomy could decrease the recurrence of breast cancer cells to a great extent as these nanofibrous scaffolds release drugs in a sustained manner for a prolonged time eliminating the need for radiations. Besides, the side effects of chemotherapy or other aggressive anticancer treatment on healthy cells could also be avoided.
Smart arginine-equipped polycationic nanoparticles for p/CRISPR delivery into cells.
Moradi P, Hasanzadeh A, Radmanesh F … +10 more , Rajai Daryasarei S, Hosseini ES, Kiani J, Shahbazi A, Nourizadeh H, Eslami M, Dorgalaleh A, Sahlolbei M, Hamblin MR, Karimi M
Nanotechnology · 2021 Nov · PMID 34727527 · Publisher ↗
An efficient and safe delivery system for the transfection of CRISPR plasmid (p/CRISPR) into target cells can open new avenues for the treatment of various diseases. Herein, we design a novel nonvehicle by integrating an...
An efficient and safe delivery system for the transfection of CRISPR plasmid (p/CRISPR) into target cells can open new avenues for the treatment of various diseases. Herein, we design a novel nonvehicle by integrating an arginine-disulfide linker with low-molecular-weight PEI (PEI) for the delivery of p/CRISPR. These PEI-Arg nanoparticles facilitate the plasmid release and improve both membrane permeability and nuclear localization, thereby exhibiting higher transfection efficiency compared to native PEIin the delivery of nanocomplexes composed of PEI-Arg and p/CRISPR into conventional cells (HEK 293T). This nanovehicle is also able to transfect p/CRISPR in a wide variety of cells, including hard-to-transfect primary cells (HUVECs), cancer cells (HeLa), and neuronal cells (PC-12) with nearly 5-10 times higher efficiency compared to the polymeric gold standard transfection agent. Furthermore, the PEI-Arg nanoparticles can edit the GFP gene in the HEK 293T-GFP reporter cell line by delivering all possible forms of CRISPR/Cas9 system (e.g. plasmid encoding Cas9 and sgRNA targeting GFP, and Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) as well as Cas9 expression plasmid and-prepared sgRNA) into HEK 293T-GFP cells. The successful delivery of p/CRISPR into local brain tissue is also another remarkable capability of these nanoparticles. In view of all the exceptional benefits of this safe nanocarrier, it is expected to break new ground in the field of gene editing, particularly for therapeutic purposes.
Innovative nanochemotherapy for overcoming cancer multidrug resistance.
Tan H, Zhang M, Wang Y … +5 more , Timashev P, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Liang XJ, Li F
Nanotechnology · 2021 Nov · PMID 34700307 · Publisher ↗
Tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon in which drug-resistant tumor cells are resistant to multiple other unexposed antitumor drugs with different structures and targets. MDR of cancer is a primary cause of cl...
Tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon in which drug-resistant tumor cells are resistant to multiple other unexposed antitumor drugs with different structures and targets. MDR of cancer is a primary cause of clinical chemotherapy failure. With the progress of nanotechnology in the medical field, more and more research works have developed many nanotechnology-based strategies to challenge drug resistance. This review details the recent studies at the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology utilizing various nanochemotherapy strategies for overcoming chemotherapy resistance of tumor. We discuss the benefits and limitations of the diverse strategies, as well as possible ways to overcome these limitations. Importantly, in order to combat cancer chemotherapy resistance with nanomedicine, the mechanisms of drug endocytosis and subsequent fate need to be explored and focused on. In the meanwhile, due to the complexity and diversity of chemotherapy resistance mechanisms, the development of more intelligent and controllable nanodrugs may have greater scope for clinical application.
Cytocompatibility of carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotubes in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.
Oliveira ER, Fayer L, Zanette RSS … +5 more , Ladeira LO, de Oliveira LFC, Maranduba CMC, Brandão HM, Munk M
Nanotechnology · 2021 Nov · PMID 34700304 · Publisher ↗
Carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH) presents unique properties due to nanoscale dimensions and permits a broad range of applications in different fields, such as bone tissue engineering and regenerative...
Carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH) presents unique properties due to nanoscale dimensions and permits a broad range of applications in different fields, such as bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the cytocompatibility of MWCNT-COOH with human stem cells is poorly understood. Thus, studies elucidating how MWCNT-COOH affects human stem cell viability are essential to a safer application of nanotechnologies. Using stem cells from the human exfoliated deciduous teeth model, we have evaluated the effects of MWCNT-COOH on cell viability, oxidative cell stress, and DNA integrity. Results demonstrated that despite the decreased metabolism of mitochondria, MWCNT-COOH had no toxicity against stem cells. Cells maintained viability after MWCNT-COOH exposure. MWCNT-COOH did not alter the superoxide dismutase activity and did not cause genotoxic effects. The present findings are relevant to the potential application of MWCNT-COOH in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields.
A versatile modular preparation strategy for targeted drug delivery systems against multidrug-resistant cancer cells.
Wang H, Ning X, Wang X … +2 more , Ding F, Wang Y
Nanotechnology · 2021 Nov · PMID 34670212 · Publisher ↗
Nanotechnology is widely used in targeted drug delivery, but different drug delivery systems need to 're-determine' different synthesis schemes, which greatly limits the further expansion of targeted nanomedicine applica...
Nanotechnology is widely used in targeted drug delivery, but different drug delivery systems need to 're-determine' different synthesis schemes, which greatly limits the further expansion of targeted nanomedicine applications. In this study, we propose a facile and versatile modular stacking strategy to fabricate targeted drug delivery systems to enable tailored designs for patient-specific therapeutic responses. The systems were constructed by a pH-sensitive prodrug module and a mitochondrial targeting module via self-assembly. Using this modular strategy, we successfully prepared two targeting nano-drug delivery systems, TPP-DOX and PK-DOX, where the mitochondrial targeting molecules were triphenylphosphonium (TPP) and 1-(2-Chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide (PK11195), respectively. Confocal laser microscopy and flow cytometry tests revealed that TPP-DOX and PK-DOX exhibited high mitochondria targeting capability and greatly improved the drug retention in drug-resistant cells. The antitumor activity tests showed that the IC50 values of TPP-DOX and PK-DOX in MCF-7/ADR cells were 2.5- and 8.2-fold lower than that of free DOX, respectively. These results indicated that PK was more effective than TPP. The studies on their therapeutic effects on human breast cancer resistant cells verified the feasibility of the modular approach, indicated that the two modular targeted drug delivery systems: (1) retain the drug toxicity and cell-killing effect of the prodrug module, (2) have precise targeting capabilities due to mitochondrial targeting module, (3) enhance drug uptake, reduce drug efflux and reverse the multidrug resistance effect to a certain extent. The results show that modular stacking is a practical, effective and versatile method for preparing targeting drugs with broad application prospects. This study provides an easy approach on preparing customizable targeted drug delivery systems to improve precision therapies.
Rapid and delayed effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes in glioma cells.
Golubewa L, Kulahava T, Timoshchenko I … +3 more , Shuba M, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P
Nanotechnology · 2021 Oct · PMID 34547739 · Publisher ↗
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) demonstrate a strong potential as an optically activated theranostic nano-agent. However, using SWCNTs in theranostics still requires revealing mechanisms of the SWCNT-mediated eff...
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) demonstrate a strong potential as an optically activated theranostic nano-agent. However, using SWCNTs in theranostics still requires revealing mechanisms of the SWCNT-mediated effects on cellular functions. Even though rapid and delayed cellular responses can differ significantly and may lead to undesirable consequences, understanding of these mechanisms is still incomplete. We demonstrate that introducing short (150-250 nm) SWCNTs into C6 rat glioma cells leads to SWCNT-driven effects that show pronounced time dependence. Accumulation of SWCNTs is carried out due to endocytosis with modification of the actin cytoskeleton but not accompanied with autophagy. Its initial stage launches a rapid cellular response via significantly heightened mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide anion radical production, satisfying the cell demand of energy for SWCNT transfer inside the cytoplasm. In the long term, SWCNTs agglomerate to micron-sized structures surrounded by highly active mitochondria having parameters return to control values. SWCNTs postponed effects are also manifested themselves in the suppression of the cell proliferative activity with further restoration after five passages. These results demonstrate relative cellular inertness and safety of SWCNTs eliminating possible side effects caused by optically activated theranostic applications.
Biomimetic synthesis of a novel O-regeneration nanosystem for enhanced starvation/chemo-therapy.
Song S, Peng J, Wu Y … +6 more , Li C, Shen D, Yang G, Liu J, Gong P, Liu Z
Nanotechnology · 2021 Oct · PMID 34544066 · Publisher ↗
Glucose oxidase-mediated starvation therapy that effectively cuts off energy supply holds great promise in cancer treatment. However, high glutathione (GSH) contents and anoxic conditions severely reduce therapy efficien...
Glucose oxidase-mediated starvation therapy that effectively cuts off energy supply holds great promise in cancer treatment. However, high glutathione (GSH) contents and anoxic conditions severely reduce therapy efficiency and cannot fully kill cancer cells. Herein, to resolve the above problem, this study constructed a biomimetic nanosystem based on nanreproo-MnOwith porous craspedia globose-like structure and high specific surface area, and it was further modified with dopamine and folic acid to guarantee good biocompatibility and selectivity toward cancer cells. This nanosystem responsively degraded and reacted with GSH and acid to regenerate O, which significantly increased intracellular Olevels, accelerated glucose consumption, and improved starvation therapy efficiency. Moreover, anticancer drug of camptothecin was further loaded, and notably enhanced cancer growth inhibition was obtained at very low drug concentrations. Most importantly, this novel therapy could unprecedentedly inhibit cancer cell migration to a very low ratio of 19%, and detailed cell apoptosis analyses revealed late stage apoptosis contributed most to the good therapeutic effect. This work reported a new train of thought to improve starvation therapy in biomedicine, and provided a new strategy to design targeted nanocarrier to delivery mixed drugs to overcome the restriction of starvation therapy and develop new therapy patterns.
Recent advances in assembled AIEgens for image-guided anticancer therapy.
Ren X, Zhang S, Liu L … +2 more , Xu B, Tian W
Nanotechnology · 2021 Oct · PMID 34469876 · Publisher ↗
Image-guided therapy, with simultaneous imaging and therapy functions, has the potential to greatly enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer therapy, and reduce the incidence of side effects. Fluorescence imaging h...
Image-guided therapy, with simultaneous imaging and therapy functions, has the potential to greatly enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer therapy, and reduce the incidence of side effects. Fluorescence imaging has the advantages of easy operation, abundant signal, high contrast, and fast response for real-time and non-invasive tracking. Luminogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics (AIEgens) can emit strong luminescence in an aggregate state, which makes them ideal materials to construct applicative fluorophores for fluorescence imaging. The opportunity for image-guided cancer treatment has inspired researchers to explore the theranostic application of AIEgens combined with other therapy methods. In recent years, many AIEgens with efficient photosensitizing or photothermal abilities have been designed by precise molecular engineering, with superior performance in image-guided anticancer therapy. Owing to the hydrophobic property of most AIEgens, an assembly approach has been wildly utilized to construct biocompatible AIEgen-based nanostructures in aqueous systems, which can be used for image-guided anticancer therapy. In the present review, we summarize the recent advances in the assembled AIEgens for image-guided anticancer therapy. Five types of image-guided anticancer therapy using assembled AIEgens are included: chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, gene therapy, and synergistic therapy. Moreover, a brief conclusion with the discussion of current challenges and future perspectives in this area is further presented.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with fluorescent coumarin-5-fluorouracil conjugates as mitochondrial-targeting theranostic probes for tumor cells.
Yang X, Chen DF, Li LS … +2 more , Zhao XJ, Zhao MX
Nanotechnology · 2021 Aug · PMID 34340227 · Publisher ↗
In this study, a nanodrug carrier (mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-SS-cysteamine hydrochloride (CS)-hyaluronic acid (HA)) for targeted drug delivery was prepared using MSNs, in which HA was used as a targeting ligan...
In this study, a nanodrug carrier (mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-SS-cysteamine hydrochloride (CS)-hyaluronic acid (HA)) for targeted drug delivery was prepared using MSNs, in which HA was used as a targeting ligand and blocking agent to control drug release. Coumarin is a fluorescent molecule that targets mitochondria. Two conjugates (XDS-DJ and 5-FUA-4C-XDS) were synthesized by chemically coupling nitrogen mustard and 5-fluorouracil with coumarin, which was further loaded into MSN-SS-CS-HA nanocarriers. MTT analysis demonstrated that the nanocomposite MSN-SS-CS@5-FUA-4C-XDS/HA displayed stronger cytotoxicity toward HCT-116 cells than HeLa or QSG-7701 cells. Furthermore, MSN-SS-CS@5-FUA-4C-XDS/HA was able to target the mitochondria of HCT-116 cells, causing decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and excessive production of reactive oxygen species. These results indicate that MSN-SS-CS@5-FUA-4C-XDS/HA has the potential to be a nanodrug delivery system for the treatment of colon cancer.
Antioxidant and anti-aging carbon quantum dots using tannic acid.
Son MH, Park SW, Jung YK
Nanotechnology · 2021 Jul · PMID 34297003 · Publisher ↗
Overexpression of collagenase, elastase, and tyrosinase is caused by external factors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation and stress, resulting in wrinkle formation and freckles through the loss of skin elasticity and ski...
Overexpression of collagenase, elastase, and tyrosinase is caused by external factors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation and stress, resulting in wrinkle formation and freckles through the loss of skin elasticity and skin pigmentation. In this study, we developed novel carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with antioxidant and anti-aging properties using tannic acid as a carbon source through a simple microwave-assisted pyrolysis method. The synthesized tannic acid-derived CQDs (T-CQDs) showed bright blue fluorescence (QY = 28.2 ± 4.0%), exhibiting maximum emission at 430 nm under 350 nm excitation. Even though small amount of the T-CQDs (3g ml) was used, they exhibited excellent free radical scavenging ability (82.8 ± 4.3%). Also, the T-CQDs (10g ml) revealed remarkable inhibitory activity against skin aging-related collagenase (77.6 ± 4.8%), elastase (52.6 ± 1.0%), and tyrosinase (44.2 ± 1.3%), demonstrating their antioxidant and anti-aging effects. Furthermore, their antioxidant and anti-aging properties were superior to those of tannic acid, L-ascorbic acid, and quercetin used as positive controls. Finally, the T-CQDs effectively suppressed UV-induced reactive oxygen species generation by 30% at the cellular levels and showed high cell viability (99.7 ± 0.8%) even at 500g ml. These results demonstrate that the T-CQDs with superior antioxidant, anti-aging properties, and low cytotoxicity can be utilized as novel anti-aging materials in cosmetic and nanomedicine fields.
Biomedical application of graphitic carbon nitrides: tissue deposition, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell viability in tumor cells.
Freire TM, Sant'Anna C, Yoshihara N … +10 more , Hu R, Qu J, Alencar LMR, Oliveira da Silva de Barros A, Helal-Neto E, Fernandes LR, Simoes RL, Barja-Fidalgo C, Fechine PBA, Santos-Oliveira R
Nanotechnology · 2021 Aug · PMID 34271563 · Publisher ↗
The urgency for new materials in oncology is immediate. In this study we have developed the g-CN, a graphitic-like structure formed by periodically linked tris-s-triazine units. The g-CNhas been synthesized by a simple a...
The urgency for new materials in oncology is immediate. In this study we have developed the g-CN, a graphitic-like structure formed by periodically linked tris-s-triazine units. The g-CNhas been synthesized by a simple and fast thermal process. XRD has shown the formation of the crystalline sheet with a compacted structure. The graphite-like structure and the functional groups have been shown by Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. TEM image and AFM revealed the porous composed of five or six C-N layers stacked. DRS and Photoluminescence analyses confirmed the structure with band gap of 2.87 eV and emission band at 448 nm in different wavelengths excitation conditions. The biological results showed inhibitory effect on cancer cell lines and non-toxic effect in normal cell lines. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work demonstrating the cytotoxic effects of 2D g-CNin a cancer cell line, without any external or synergistic influence. The biodistribution/tissue accumulation showed that g-CNpresent a tendency to accumulation on the lung in the first 2 h, but after 24 h the profile of the biodistribution change and it is found mainly in the liver. Thus, 2D-g-CNshowed great potential for the treatment of several cancer types.
Assembling BH3-mimic peptide into a nanocluster to target intracellular Bcl2 towards the apoptosis induction of cancer cell.
Zhang X, Gao R, Yan H … +3 more , Zhao Z, Zhang J, You W
Nanotechnology · 2021 Dec · PMID 34261054 · Publisher ↗
Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, is always overexpressed in tumor cells to suppress the pro-apoptotic function of Bax, thereby prolonging the life of the tumor. However, BH3 proteins could directly activate Bax via anta...
Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, is always overexpressed in tumor cells to suppress the pro-apoptotic function of Bax, thereby prolonging the life of the tumor. However, BH3 proteins could directly activate Bax via antagonizing Bcl-2 to induce apoptosis in response to the stimulation. Thus, mimicking BH3 proteins with a peptide is a potential strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Unfortunately, clinical translation of BH3-mimic peptide is hindered by its inefficacious cellular internalization and proteolysis resistance. Herein, we translated a BH3-mimic peptide into a peptide-auric spheroidal nanocluster (BH3-AuNp), in which polymeric BH3-Auric precursors [Au-S-BH3]areself-assembled on the surface of gold nanoparticles by a one-pot synthesis. Expectedly, this strategy could improve the anti-proteolytic ability and cytomembrane penetrability of the BH3 peptide. As a result, BH3-AuNp successfully induced the apoptosis of two cancer cell lines by an order of magnitude compared to BH3. This therapeutic and feasible peptide nano-engineering strategy will help peptides overcome the pharmaceutical obstacles, awaken its biological functions, and possibly revive the research about peptide-derived nanomedicine.
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