The present study provides a supplementary morphological description, the first molecular analysis, and the first description of female of Nurjirana, Gustiano, Haryono & Wibowo, 2025. In addition, the first distribution...The present study provides a supplementary morphological description, the first molecular analysis, and the first description of female of Nurjirana, Gustiano, Haryono & Wibowo, 2025. In addition, the first distributional record of the species from outside Enggano Island is noted, based on underwater photographs from Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Although recently described, the original account lacked both molecular data and female diagnostic characters. Phylogenetic and morphological evidence confirms placement within the " group" characterized by generally having 14 pectoral fin rays and a smaller adult body size (usually < 40 mm SL). differs from its congeners by the following characteristics: males possess a pointed first dorsal fin, with an elongated, filamentous fourth spine, fewer premaxillary tricuspid teeth, a belly entirely covered by cycloid scales, and a slightly pointed caudal fin. Coloration also distinguishes both sexes from congeners: males with a blue head with a brown snout, body greyish, median fins orange, and a distinct black blotch at caudal fin base; females with orange to red first, second dorsal, and anal fins, and a caudal fin proximally red to orange with four or five rows of brown spots.
The genus Sharp, 1882 is represented in Bolivia by one species, Hinton, 1935. A series of this species was originally collected by Germain in the Yungas of Cochabamba and, in 1935, described by Hinton based on a single...The genus Sharp, 1882 is represented in Bolivia by one species, Hinton, 1935. A series of this species was originally collected by Germain in the Yungas of Cochabamba and, in 1935, described by Hinton based on a single specimen that is in poor condition and lacks several key characters. Here, we redescribe based on additional material collected by Germain and describe a new species, ., from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, which exhibits striking male sexual dimorphism in the protarsi. Both species are illustrated with photographs of the habitus and drawings of the male genitalia, and for . also the female genitalia. Germain's journey in Bolivia and its known elmid fauna are briefly discussed. Additionally, Grouvelle, 1896 and Grouvelle, 1896, both from Bolivia, are formally transferred to Sharp, 1882. The lectotype of the latter species is designated.
The taxonomic classification of oysters, particularly within the genus , remains poorly resolved due to limitations in traditional morphological and single-gene approaches. To address this, we sequenced the mitochondrial...The taxonomic classification of oysters, particularly within the genus , remains poorly resolved due to limitations in traditional morphological and single-gene approaches. To address this, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of four specimens ( MBSR 211-214) from Hainan Island. The complete mitochondrial genomes (16,280-16,289 bp) revealed a conserved gene arrangement, including 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 23 transfer RNA (tRNA), and two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes on a single strand, with a fragmented 16S rRNA gene as a distinctive feature. Different OTU delimitation methods consistently identified these four lineages as two novel operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Within one of the OTUs, there are high levels of intraspecific divergence, exhibiting the potential for independent evolution. Our analysis reclassified the publicly available mitochondrial genomes of into nine OTUs, further revealing significant mislabeling on GenBank as indicated by previous studies. The study adds new mitogenomic resources for Saccostrea and provides data useful for future integrative taxonomic work.
The Bermuda fireworm, Verrill, 1900, is a marine polychaete that displays a unique bioluminescent mating ritual. Despite the first sighting of more than 534 years ago, molecular data have been limited. Several syllid m...The Bermuda fireworm, Verrill, 1900, is a marine polychaete that displays a unique bioluminescent mating ritual. Despite the first sighting of more than 534 years ago, molecular data have been limited. Several syllid mitogenomes are currently available; however, there are only three published genes for : two partial mitochondrial genes (16S [508 bp] and [653 bp]; 1,161 bp total) and one partial nuclear gene (18S [1,339 bp]). This study bioinformatically mined previously published transcriptomes of for mitochondrial reads and subsequently assembled and annotated a partial mitochondrial genome (10,172 bp). The partial mitogenome includes nine (of 13) protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, and seven (of 22) complete tRNAs. We place the Bermuda fireworm in phylogenetic context using all available syllid mitogenomes, analyze intraspecific variation among three female partial mitogenomes, and propose a putative location for the mitochondrial origin of replication using a DNA Walker analysis.
The classification of the - complex has long been controversial due to overlapping morphological characteristics and inconsistent phylogenetic tree topology based on short mtDNA fragments. In order to better clarify the...The classification of the - complex has long been controversial due to overlapping morphological characteristics and inconsistent phylogenetic tree topology based on short mtDNA fragments. In order to better clarify the species relationship within the genus , the complete mitochondrial genome of was determined for the first time, and the mitochondrial genome of was newly sequenced independently for comparative analysis. The results showed that the nucleotide composition of mtDNA of (16,470 bp) and (16,900 bp) was similar. The total AT content of the two fish species was 58.9% and 58.2%, respectively. RSCU and amino acid composition showed that A/T-ending synonymous codons, and Leu was the most abundant amino acid. However, there are significant differences in the length and structure of the control region between the two species, especially in the tandem repeats and conserved structural units. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on ML and BI methods strongly supported the monophyly of genus . The was clustered with within the genus, followed by and , and obtained a higher phylogenetic resolution than previous studies between and its related genera such as and . This study provides the first complete mitochondrial genome of , reveals the structural variations in the genome, particularly within the control regions, among the closely related species of , enriches the phylogenetic data of the genus , and provides new mitochondrial genome-scale evidence for the long-controversial - complex.
The Swedish fauna of thrips (Thysanoptera) within the family Thripidae is reviewed in this study. Thripidae is one of the most diverse thrips families, containing many economically important pest species, as well as spec...The Swedish fauna of thrips (Thysanoptera) within the family Thripidae is reviewed in this study. Thripidae is one of the most diverse thrips families, containing many economically important pest species, as well as species of ecological significance. The current investigation updates the knowledge of this family in Sweden, detailing the distribution, ecological associations, and providing the first comprehensive checklist for Swedish Thripidae. We present new records, including first records for Sweden and several regional records, with a detailed morphological identification key. Ten new species are recorded for Sweden, and a total of 98 new provincial records are presented. A total of 567 COI barcode sequences were generated, representing 49 species, and uploaded to BOLD.
The legless anguid lizard Gray, 1853 is one of the most secretive and least studied lizard groups. Historically, two (Squamata: Anguidae) names have been applied to Taiwanese material: (Boulenger, 1899), originally de...The legless anguid lizard Gray, 1853 is one of the most secretive and least studied lizard groups. Historically, two (Squamata: Anguidae) names have been applied to Taiwanese material: (Boulenger, 1899), originally described from Fujian, China and characterized by conspicuous bluish dorsal blotches, and (Kishida, 1930), described from Taiwan and reported to lack such markings. Taiwanese specimens were long treated as representing two species until Lin et al. (2003) synonymized with after finding no consistent molecular or scalation differences, and interpreted the presence/absence of bluish blotches as sexual dichromatism. Because topotypic was not examined in that study and the original type material of has been lost, the application of these names to Taiwanese populations has remained uncertain. Here, we designate a neotype for and provide a detailed redescription based on vouchered specimens from Taiwan. We present standardized morphometric and meristic datasets, including X-ray-based vertebral counts, and generate new mitochondrial sequences to document genetic variation. With the aim of facilitating repeatable comparisons within the East Asian species complex, all measurements and counts are made openly available to support future integrative taxonomic reassessments and to improve nomenclatural stability for this rarely encountered lineage. Taken together with currently available lines of evidence, these results suggest recognizing (Kishida, 1930) as a distinct evolutionary lineage, pending a formal systematic revision of the genus.
The Philippine archipelago is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity and high endemism, particularly among amphibians and reptiles. Samar Island, the third largest in the country and a key element of the Greater Minda...The Philippine archipelago is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity and high endemism, particularly among amphibians and reptiles. Samar Island, the third largest in the country and a key element of the Greater Mindanao Pleistocene Aggregate Island Complex, still harbors swathes of old-growth forest and limestone karst systems, making it a critical site for understanding biogeographic and evolutionary patterns in the Philippines. The herpetofaunal diversity of Samar remains poorly documented, with data scattered and woefully outdated. Early collections date back to the mid-19 century, and while recent efforts have incrementally improved species inventories, a comprehensive and updated assessment remains lacking. Here, we present the results of recent intensive surveys conducted within the Samar Island Natural Park (SINP) and adjacent protected areas. Our study reports 79 species from SINP and a total of 104 species from Samar Island, including three new island records, and confirms the continued presence of historically documented taxa. The rediscovery of is reported and the most updated checklist of the island's amphibian and reptile species provided. These findings highlight the importance of sustained biodiversity assessments across the Philippine archipelago to inform conservation strategies.
The Doñana Biosphere Reserve is one of the most recognized and studied natural areas in the world, hence the importance of having an openly accessible species checklist. Previous lists are outdated, often have limited ta...The Doñana Biosphere Reserve is one of the most recognized and studied natural areas in the world, hence the importance of having an openly accessible species checklist. Previous lists are outdated, often have limited taxonomic scope, lack clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, or are practically inaccessible. Here, an updated checklist of vertebrate species for the Doñana Biosphere Reserve based on explicit spatial, temporal, and biological criteria is presented, reviewed and complemented by expert zoologists. The resulting inventory includes 700 vertebrate species, with birds (60%) and fishes (26%) being the most diverse groups. Seven species are considered extinct in the region, two are possibly extinct (i.e., have not been recorded in the past decade), and 32 are classified as exotic. This updated and curated checklist fills a critical gap in regional biodiversity knowledge and establishes a robust foundation for future monitoring, research, and conservation efforts in this ecologically unique and increasingly threatened area of southwestern Europe.
We describe . (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), a new species from material collected in Austria and Hungary during recent fieldwork. The collected specimens were found only in these countries within the Pannonian Biogeogra...We describe . (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), a new species from material collected in Austria and Hungary during recent fieldwork. The collected specimens were found only in these countries within the Pannonian Biogeographical Region, and were exclusively associated with (L.) Link (Fabaceae). The taxonomic status of the new species was determined by applying traditional macro- and micromorphological methods and genetic analysis, including genitalia examinations and DNA barcoding (cytochrome oxidase subunit I). In addition to the results of morphological comparisons and genetic analysis, we present further information on the habitat, life history, and larval food plant of this species. Our results revealed that the examined individuals belong to a species new to science, which is a member of the Stainton, 1857 species group, and described here as . Based on the molecular results, the closest relative of the new taxon is , a species described from southern Italy. Although the examined barcoding sequence poorly differentiated these taxa, the micromorphological features of the genitalia revealed their separate status.
We describe ., a sand-dwelling armoured catfish from the Itapocú River, Jaraguá do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by a distinctive combination of characters: (1) four lateral plate series, wit...We describe ., a sand-dwelling armoured catfish from the Itapocú River, Jaraguá do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by a distinctive combination of characters: (1) four lateral plate series, with the mid-dorsal series absent; (2) abdomen only partially covered by central plates that do not reach the pectoral-fin insertion; (3) plates of the central abdominal complex arranged in an approximately triangular pattern; (4) cleithral (scapular) region entirely naked or bearing a few small, isolated plates; and (5) presence of five dark transverse bars on the dorsal surface of the body. Mitochondrial COI data corroborate species distinctiveness, and phylogenetic inference under the GTR model recovers as a well-supported lineage. The species is currently known only from the type locality, a shallow (< 1 m), sandy reach showing early siltation, suggesting potential vulnerability. Although it exhibits canonical traits of sand-dwelling groups (four lateral plate series, broad naked snout, filamentous upper caudal ray), it differs from sand-dwelling congeners by displaying an abdominal plating pattern typical of rock-dwelling groups. This raises hypotheses about the origin and functional role of ventral plates in and highlights conservation needs for low-order sandy habitats.
In this study, the phylogenetics of an ornamental neritid snail, (Mienis, 1973), a species native to Southeast Asia and commercially distributed in Chinese markets are studied for the first time. The first complete mito...In this study, the phylogenetics of an ornamental neritid snail, (Mienis, 1973), a species native to Southeast Asia and commercially distributed in Chinese markets are studied for the first time. The first complete mitochondrial genome and nuclear ribosomal RNA gene cluster are reported. Phylogenetic trees based on all mitochondrial genes strongly support the division of Neritidae into two subfamilies: Neritinae and Neritininae. Our phylogenetic analysis placed within Neritininae, where it forms a distinct evolutionary lineage. The monophyly of the genus remains unresolved because only one species is involved. The relationships among genera within Neritininae were poorly resolved because of the discordant topologies across datasets. Our investigation of mitochondrial gene order in Neritidae revealed highly conserved arrangements. How taxonomic misidentifications and labeling errors in public databases may impact phylogenetic inferences is discussed. This research provides baseline data for aquatic ornamental pet species, contributes to a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within Neritoidea and highlights some problems in phylogenetic analysis.
Two species of Latreille, 1804 are described, including one new species, . (♀♂) from Sichuan and Shaanxi Provinces, and one Chinese newly recorded species, Okuma, 1987 from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan...Two species of Latreille, 1804 are described, including one new species, . (♀♂) from Sichuan and Shaanxi Provinces, and one Chinese newly recorded species, Okuma, 1987 from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province. Detailed descriptions, photographs, and a distribution map of both species are provided.
., a new cusk eel species from the South China Sea, is described based on 14 specimens collected at a depth of 400 m near Nan'an Reef. This species is readily distinguished from all congeners by the unique presence of tw...., a new cusk eel species from the South China Sea, is described based on 14 specimens collected at a depth of 400 m near Nan'an Reef. This species is readily distinguished from all congeners by the unique presence of two (rarely three) distinct black ocelli on the mid-flank, a trait absent in all other species. It further lacks stripes, fin ocelli, or dark fin margins. The meristic features include dorsal-fin rays 107 (90-115), anal-fin rays 93 (80-94), pectoral-fin rays 25 (21-27), total vertebrae 62 (58-64), and 9-11 developed gill rakers. The complete mitochondrial genome (17,287 bp) was sequenced, exhibiting the typical vertebrate structure with an A+T bias of 55.1%. Phylogenetic analyses based on both the gene and the complete mitogenome robustly supported . as a distinct monophyletic lineage, sister to in the mitogenome phylogeny. This integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphology, meristics, otolith morphology, and mitogenomic data, confirms the establishment of this new species, which lies outside any existing species group within the genus due to its unique flank ocelli.
The genus Wunderlich, 2004 is recorded from China for the first time, with two new species described here from Xizang: Mi & Wang, . (♂♀) and Mi & Wang, . (♂♀). Additionally, two species, (Tanikawa, 2017), . and (Ger...The genus Wunderlich, 2004 is recorded from China for the first time, with two new species described here from Xizang: Mi & Wang, . (♂♀) and Mi & Wang, . (♂♀). Additionally, two species, (Tanikawa, 2017), . and (Gertsch, 1964), . are transferred from F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902.
The plant bug genus Kirkaldy is reviewed from Vietnam. Four species are recognized, including a new species, Kim, Chérot & Jung, ., and new distributional records of and from Vietnam. Detailed diagnoses, descriptions...The plant bug genus Kirkaldy is reviewed from Vietnam. Four species are recognized, including a new species, Kim, Chérot & Jung, ., and new distributional records of and from Vietnam. Detailed diagnoses, descriptions, and a key to the Vietnamese species are provided. Male and female genitalia of and female genitalia of are described and illustrated for the first time. In addition to reviewing the Vietnamese fauna, distributional records from neighboring countries were also examined, leading to updated occurrence data for the genus. A particular focus is given to the potential broad-range distribution of , considering whether this pattern reflects a truly widespread species or unresolved conspecificity with taxa described from tropical regions. Furthermore, for several Southeast Asian species that were described long ago, the early 19 century, but remain poorly known, we provide photographs of the type specimens and summarize the essential key characters based on the images examined and the original descriptions. These notes are intended to encourage future comprehensive taxonomic research on the genus and its related taxa.
Fu, Xue & Cui, . () collected from Beijing, China, and Fu, Xue & Cui, . () collected from Henan Province and Beijing, China, are described and illustrated. Keys to the Chinese males of the genus and to the Chinese spec...Fu, Xue & Cui, . () collected from Beijing, China, and Fu, Xue & Cui, . () collected from Henan Province and Beijing, China, are described and illustrated. Keys to the Chinese males of the genus and to the Chinese species of the genus are provided. Digital illustration techniques were used to depict the habitus, frontal head views, and terminalia of the two species. The type specimens are preserved in the Insect Museum of Henan Institute of Science and Technology and the Shanghai Entomological Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
A new species of , . is described from the Zuojiang river basin, a tributary of the Pearl River system. The new species can be differentiated from other members of the genus by morphological characters and molecular evi...A new species of , . is described from the Zuojiang river basin, a tributary of the Pearl River system. The new species can be differentiated from other members of the genus by morphological characters and molecular evidence. In morphology, the new species can be distinguished from other congeneric species by having scaled cheeks, the postcleithrum present, 12 or 13 branched pectoral fin rays, six branched pelvic fin rays, 11-15+3 infraorbital canal pores, and 6-10 supraorbital canal pores. A Bayesian inference phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial Cyt gene strongly supports the validity of .; the uncorrected -distance is 5.18-7.67%.
Hübner, [1825] (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Aristoteliinae) is a widely distributed moth genus comprising 153 described species, many of which have striking forewings. The variation in genitalia morphology among some membe...Hübner, [1825] (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Aristoteliinae) is a widely distributed moth genus comprising 153 described species, many of which have striking forewings. The variation in genitalia morphology among some members suggests that, as currently circumscribed, the genus is probably not monophyletic. The only Chilean species of previously described inhabits the central region of the country. A second Chilean representative, ., is described and illustrated based on adults reared from larvae collected on (Phil.) Ulibarri (Fabaceae) in the Atacama Desert. The genetic divergence between DNA barcode sequences of the new species was 0.3% (K2P), while it ranged from 11% to 17.1% for other members of the genus. This study reveals a new piece of the puzzle, adds a new member to the poorly known gelechiid fauna of northern Chile, and highlights the need to continue fieldwork to reveal the moth diversity that remains overlooked in underexplored Neotropical environments.
A small waterfall in Yunnan Province, China, was sampled for heptageniid nymphs and an unknown species was found, which is characterised by having expanded femora and short tibiae, tarsi, and lamellae of gills I. Further...A small waterfall in Yunnan Province, China, was sampled for heptageniid nymphs and an unknown species was found, which is characterised by having expanded femora and short tibiae, tarsi, and lamellae of gills I. Furthermore, the reared male imagos have longer hindtarsi than tibiae and almost totally fused penes. Based on these key characters and the hygropetric particularity of the new species, a new genus is established in the subfamily Ecdyonurinae. Molecular and morphological evidence demonstrate . is closely related to and . Two modified keys to common Oriental genera in the subfamily Ecdyonurinae are also provided.