Casopis Lekaru Ceskych[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Health aspects of the behaviour of the Czech population during the COVID-19 pandemic from a public health perspective.
Hnilicová H, Kučera Z, Těšinová JK
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37474287
The paper presents the outcomes of the WHO European Region research project, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic and the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University which concerned Czech population behaviour durin...
The paper presents the outcomes of the WHO European Region research project, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic and the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University which concerned Czech population behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the Czech Republic the research was carried out in three waves on a representative sample of respondents using methodology of a questionnaire survey. The results showed that the risk perception in connection with the pandemic was low in the Czech environment, regardless of the growing number of infected and deceased. Optimism persisted about the perception of personal susceptibility to infection and self-efficacy. General wellbeing was above average after successfully coping with the first wave, but it decreased slightly in connection with the worsening of the pandemic situation. Compliance with preventive measures has been relatively low for a long time and the trend has been rather declining. By the time, it became increasingly difficult to understand the communication of state authorities regarding the measures being implemented, and trust in the media decreased. A positive finding was the increase in the proportion of those who tried to improve the lifestyle in connection with the pandemic.
Seasonal and weekly fluctuations in alcohol use in the Czech Republic.
Barták M, Vacek J, Petruželka B … +2 more , Nejedlá M, Rogalewicz V
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37474286
Sezónní a týdenní výkyvy v užívání alkoholu patří mezi doposud neanalyzované aspekty epidemiologického výzkumu užívání alkoholu českou dospělou populací. Cílem studie je nabídnout deskriptivní a analytický pohled na sezó...
Sezónní a týdenní výkyvy v užívání alkoholu patří mezi doposud neanalyzované aspekty epidemiologického výzkumu užívání alkoholu českou dospělou populací. Cílem studie je nabídnout deskriptivní a analytický pohled na sezónní a týdenní vzorce užívání alkoholu u české dospělé populace. Výzkum byl realizován na reprezentativním vzorku 809 osob v rámci on-line šetření v prostředí Českého národního panelu. Sledovanými proměnnými jsou užívání alkoholu, sezónní užívání a užívání alkoholu v rámci dní v týdnu. Výsledky ukazují, že nejčastější je konzumace v pátek, případně v sobotu, s výjimkou lidí v důchodovém věku, kteří alkohol užívání rovnoměrněji v rámci celého týdne. Z hlediska měsíců v roce je nejvyšší spotřeba uváděna v létě (červen, červenec, srpen) a v prosinci. Respondenti s vyšším skóre dotazníku AUDIT užívají alkohol více v letních měsících než v prosinci. Výsledky výzkumu mohou přispět k lepšímu časovému zacílení preventivních i klinických aktivit.
Otakar Tardy, the founder of the ENT department in Litomyšl - commemoration on the 45th anniversary of his death.
Kalivoda I
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37185041
Otakar Tardy was born on June 14th 1907 in Kutná Hora. He graduated from the medical faculty of Masaryk university in Brno and trained at the local ENT clinic under the supervision of professor František Ninger. In 1938...
Otakar Tardy was born on June 14th 1907 in Kutná Hora. He graduated from the medical faculty of Masaryk university in Brno and trained at the local ENT clinic under the supervision of professor František Ninger. In 1938 he founded the ENT department in Litomyšl, one of the largest in Czechoslovakia. He significantly contributed to the development of organized health care in the East Bohemian region and was very involved in social life. He headed the department until 1971 when he retired. He died in 1978.
Therapeutic effect of lymphography in the postoperative chylothorax - case reports and literature review.
Chovanec V, Žbánková Š, Krajina A … +3 more , Maršík L, Hanke I, Hanáček R
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37185040
Postoperative chylothorax is a well-known rare complication of thoracic surgery. It is a serious complication that is fatal in cases of inadequate treatment. The authors present 2 cases of postoperative chylothorax that...
Postoperative chylothorax is a well-known rare complication of thoracic surgery. It is a serious complication that is fatal in cases of inadequate treatment. The authors present 2 cases of postoperative chylothorax that were successfully treated by performing pedal and/or intranodal lymphography. In one case, the patient underwent lymphography after previous unsuccessful surgical ligation of the thoracic duct. The presented case reports describe therapeutic importance of conventional lymphography as a minimally invasive treatment of the postoperative chylothorax.
Obesity pharmacotherapy - update 2023.
Haluzík M, Müllerová D, Sucharda P … +9 more , Boženský J, Holéczy P, Fried M, Hainer V, Kunešová M, Málková I, Slabá Š, Šrámková P, Braunerová RT
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37185039
The increasing prevalence of obesity and its associated complications leads to the need to intensify its prevention and treatment. The treatment of obesity is currently based on lifestyle modification, which often fails...
The increasing prevalence of obesity and its associated complications leads to the need to intensify its prevention and treatment. The treatment of obesity is currently based on lifestyle modification, which often fails in the long term. For the next decade, the long-term administration of anti-obesity drugs, i.e. drugs that have a positive effect not only on the reduction of excess weight but also on the health risks associated with obesity, seems to be a necessary part of obesity treatment, along with surgical approaches. This text provides an overview of the current options for the pharmacotherapy of obesity, including their indications, appropriate patient selection and adverse effects of treatment. It also provides an overview of studies that demonstrate the long-term efficacy and safety of these treatments. Although effective and safe anti-obesity drugs are currently available, it is not even partially covered by general health insurance. However, the cost of treatment is unaffordable in the long term for a large proportion of the obese. The virtual unavailability of effective antiobesity drugs for indicated patients has serious health-economic consequences. Failure to take advantage of effective therapeutic options, confirmed by evidence-based medicine, results in a high prevalence of obesity-related diseases, which are even more costly to treat economically and, in the case of type 2 diabetes, even less effective. We consider at least partial reimbursement of antiobesity drugs from general health insurance for cooperating patients under clearly defined conditions to be a necessary step towards improving the situation, and clearly cost-effective in its consequences.
Hypercapnic respiratory failure - review.
Vykopal M, Mizera J, Jakubec P … +2 more , Genzor S, Pobeha P
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37185038
This review summarizes the issue of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Acute respiratory failure is a condition in which the respiratory system is unable to fulfill its basic function, i.e. enriching the blood with o...
This review summarizes the issue of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Acute respiratory failure is a condition in which the respiratory system is unable to fulfill its basic function, i.e. enriching the blood with oxygen and excreting carbon dioxide. Chronologically, we divide it into acute and chronic, and according to the manifestation into hypoxemic or hypoxemic with hypercapnia. Multiple factors, such as reduced ventilation and increased dead space, contribute to the development of hypoxemic-hypercapnic (global) respiratory failure. Both the patient's clinical presentation and laboratory examination of blood gases and acid-base balance (preferably from arterial blood) are used for diagnosis. In the absence of contraindications, non-invasive ventilation is used to establish normocapnia.
Adipose tissue in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.
Stefanis AJ
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37185037
Tuková tkáň je komplexní orgán s různými funkcemi. Působí jako zásobárna energie, tepelný izolant a tlumič nárazů a zastává také roli v endokrinním systému. V posledních letech byl objeven její regenerační a protizánětli...
Tuková tkáň je komplexní orgán s různými funkcemi. Působí jako zásobárna energie, tepelný izolant a tlumič nárazů a zastává také roli v endokrinním systému. V posledních letech byl objeven její regenerační a protizánětlivý potenciál. Za tyto funkce jsou zodpovědné různé typy progenitorových, kmenových a zralých buněk jiných než adipocyty, které se nacházejí v tukové tkáni a souhrnně se označují jako stromální vaskulární frakce. V retikulární dermis tukové buňky obklopují vlasové folikuly a úzce regulují vlasový cyklus. Intradermální progenitorové adipocyty jsou metabolicky aktivní a vylučují řadu signálních molekul, které jsou zodpovědné za indukci anagenní fáze a růst nových vlasů. V tomto přehledu se zabýváme účinností kmenových buněk odvozených z tukové tkáně při léčbě alopecie v klinických studiích.
Current possibilities and risks of donating some tissues, cells, and organs from living donors.
Konečná H, Čermáková Z, Honzová I … +7 more , Chmel R, Jindra P, Krbcová J, Navrátilová J, Pastor Z, Turek P, Větrovcová H
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 37185036
Transfusion, transplantation, and regenerative medicine are rapidly developing fields. The authors of the text want to inform about upcoming legislative changes at the EU level and briefly describe and compare the diffic...
Transfusion, transplantation, and regenerative medicine are rapidly developing fields. The authors of the text want to inform about upcoming legislative changes at the EU level and briefly describe and compare the difficulty of some donation procedures from the point of view of a living donor, as well as their risks, including psychosocial risks. The study is based on a qualitative expert investigation. Comparing the complexity of procedures from the perspective of donors is important, for example, for setting compensations. The tables show that the current compensations are disproportionate.
Trends in spa and balneology in postcovid era, outcomes, and perspectives.
Kinkorová J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868844
The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected spa and balneology not only in the Czech Republic. Generally, almost two years without spa patients and clients led to a dramatic outflow of labor. The article main purpose...
The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected spa and balneology not only in the Czech Republic. Generally, almost two years without spa patients and clients led to a dramatic outflow of labor. The article main purpose is to analyze pandemic impact on the structure of spa patients and clients, to identify main current spa problems to be overcome, and to summarize possible future trends in modern spa and balneology for current and future spa clients. Spa will remain an important medical solution for treatment of some diagnoses using healing mineral-medical waters and natural sources, but they must innovate their services and treating programs to answer current questions and clients 'demands. It will be a complex patient care combining body and mental treatment and care with the use of so-called therapeutic landscape, a unique landscape surrounding spa towns and places, as well as wellness aspects. Modern spa must be an integral part of health care systems in Europe.
COVID-19 infection elicits textbook immune response.
Krátká Z, Fürst T, Fejt V
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868843
Imunita po prodělané infekci SARS-CoV-2 byla dlouhodobě zpochybňována. Z jiných typů respiračních onemocnění však víme, že buňky, které se vytvoří při první infekci, dlouhodobě přežívají a při opakované infekci je díky n...
Imunita po prodělané infekci SARS-CoV-2 byla dlouhodobě zpochybňována. Z jiných typů respiračních onemocnění však víme, že buňky, které se vytvoří při první infekci, dlouhodobě přežívají a při opakované infekci je díky nim imunitní reakce rychlejší a účinnější. Popisuje se zvýšení hladin protilátek, jejich lepší avidita a vznik nových variant. Již existující paměťové B a T lymfocyty jsou použity jako "prototyp", který se dále vylepšuje. U reinfikovaných osob tak logicky klesá riziko vážných průběhů onemocnění. V předkládaném článku jsou uvedeny výsledky dlouhodobého měření hladiny IgG protilátek proti proteinům S a N a IgA protilátek proti proteinu S u 4 osob, které prodělaly opakované infekce SARS-CoV-2 spojené s nárůstem hladin protilátek a s méně závažným průběhem, než měla primoinfekce. Tyto zkušenosti potvrzují i závěry z naší předchozí dlouhodobé studie imunity u seniorů z roku 2020, v níž byla také pozorována reaktivace imunity u rekonvalescentů po pravděpodobné nové expozici SARS-CoV-2, ale bez prodělaného onemocnění. Prezentované výsledky potvrzují již dříve publikovaná fakta, tedy že prodělání nemoci neposkytuje dlouhodobou ochranu před reinfekcí, zvláště novou variantou viru, ale pokud již k reinfekci dojde, bývá její průběh méně závažný než při primoinfekci.
The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of critical course of pneumonia.
Genzor S, Šimek M, Jakubec P … +5 more , Pobeha P, Mizera J, Vykopal M, Kiml J, Sova M
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868842
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is the highest form of resuscitation care in management of patients with respiratory failure. In the case of acute respiratory distress syndrome, the veno-venous setting is more often...
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is the highest form of resuscitation care in management of patients with respiratory failure. In the case of acute respiratory distress syndrome, the veno-venous setting is more often used. ECMO support enables, in case of lung function failure, to obtain the necessary time for the onset of the causal treatment effect or is used as a bridge to transplantation Mortality of the patients varies according to the underlying cause and presence of risk factors (e.g., age, complications or comorbid diseases). The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in the need for ECMO. The quality of life of patients after ECMO is significantly reduced, but most patients do not experience permanent disability.
Low levels of vitamin D in population exposed to significant environmental pollution.
Richter J, Větvička V, Král V … +4 more , Šíma P, Stiborová I, Richterová S, Dobiášová LR
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868841
In recent years, monitoring of vitamin D levels and possible use of supplementation is gaining attention. Numerous studies showed low levels of vitamin D in winter months followed by improvement during summer. These chan...
In recent years, monitoring of vitamin D levels and possible use of supplementation is gaining attention. Numerous studies showed low levels of vitamin D in winter months followed by improvement during summer. These changes are mostly dependent on the level of sun exposure, but also on geographical location, genetic factors, social-economic status, quality of nutrition and environmental pollution. In this observation we found significant decrease in vitamin D levels in populations exposed to extreme environmental pollution in area of central Europe. This region is known for extreme burden from microparticles originating in chemical industry, surface coal mining and cold-based power stations. Vitamin D levels in all patients was determined by ELISA. Using 540 patients in our department of clinical immunology and allergology we measured the levels of vitamin D in 2016 to 2021 period. In only 4 patients (0.74 %) we found vitamin D levels higher than 30 ng/ml. The curve of observed values does not reflect dependency on sun exposure and does not change during the year. We discuss the effect of environmental contaminants, lifestyle and economic and social factors. From our observations, we propose to directly supplement population with vitamin D, particularly children and seniors. From our observations, we propose to directly supplement population with vitamin D, particularly children and seniors.
Prescription rules of hormone replacement therapy and its alternative.
Fait T
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868840
Hormone replacement therapy is still the most effective treatment for acute climacteric syndrome and prevention of osteoporosis. When starting treatment within 10 years of menopause, i.e., before the onset of irreversibl...
Hormone replacement therapy is still the most effective treatment for acute climacteric syndrome and prevention of osteoporosis. When starting treatment within 10 years of menopause, i.e., before the onset of irreversible changes in the vessel wall and nervous tissues, it is a window of opportunity to prevent atherosclerosis and dementia. At a later start, on the contrary, it worsens these processes. To increase the safety of the treatment, especially in affecting the breast tissue, we choose the lowest effective dose of estrogen and give preference to gestagens structurally close to progesterone. For women who, for objective or subjective reasons, prefer non-hormonal treatment, they can choose from an extensive range of complementary and alternative medicines. Unfortunately, it does not always reliable documentation of efficacy and safety from well-performed studies. However, the data for fermented soybean extract DT56a, pollen extract PI82/GC Fem, and some traditional Chinese medicine procedures offer an interesting opportunity. Physical activity cannot be forgotten in a comprehensive approach.
Permanent urethral catheter - a good servant, but bad master: Guidelines for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
Šámal V, Krhut J, Zachoval R … +2 more , Matoušková M, Ák MB
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868839
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are among the most common healthcare-associated infections, which increase morbidity, mortality, prolong the length of hospitalization and have a significant impact on...
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are among the most common healthcare-associated infections, which increase morbidity, mortality, prolong the length of hospitalization and have a significant impact on the cost of treatment. The most efficient preventive method is removing catheters as soon as possible and avoid unnecessary catheterizations. Treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria is not recommended. In cases of serious CAUTI, vigorous antibiotic therapy covering multidrug-resistant uropathogens should be initiated. These recommendations are intended for all medical specialties to improve the care of patients with indwelling catheters in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CAUTI in primary care and subsequent long-term care.
Practical recommendations for the management of children after kidney and liver transplantation.
Zieg J, Bauer D, Krejčová V … +1 more , Gonsorčíková L
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868838
The number of pediatric solid organ transplantations is growing. This therapy leads often to better quality of life but also brings some specific complications. Our review summarizes practical recommendations for long-ti...
The number of pediatric solid organ transplantations is growing. This therapy leads often to better quality of life but also brings some specific complications. Our review summarizes practical recommendations for long-time care of the children after kidney and liver transplantation. The knowledge of the issues related to transplantation is essential for the first contact physicians, whose cooperation with transplant centre contributes highly to adequate management of these children.
Innovative Bariatric Procedures and Ethics in Bariatric Surgery: the IFSO Position Statement.
Haddad A, Kow L, Herrera MF … +4 more , Cohen RV, Himpens J, Greve JW, Shikora S
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868837
With the rise in obesity and bariatric procedures worldwide, there has been a surge in new and innovative procedures that has been increasingly offered to patients. In this position statement, IFSO highlights the importa...
With the rise in obesity and bariatric procedures worldwide, there has been a surge in new and innovative procedures that has been increasingly offered to patients. In this position statement, IFSO highlights the importance of surgical ethics in innovation and when offering new procedures. Furthermore, the task force reviewed the current literature to describe which procedures can be offered as mainstream outside research protocols versus those that are still investigational and need further data.
Ethical principles for the usage and sharing of genomic data from researc.
Franková V, Svozilová H, Stránecký V … +6 more , Kozubík KS, Srovnal J, Benešová L, Uvírová M, Macek M, Pospíšilová Š
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 36868836
The current significant development of human genome/exome sequencing in biomedical research is one of the important paths leading to personalized medicine. However, sequencing of human genetic information generates poten...
The current significant development of human genome/exome sequencing in biomedical research is one of the important paths leading to personalized medicine. However, sequencing of human genetic information generates potentially sensitive and exploitable data, which leads to ethical, legal, and security issues. For this reason, it is necessary to follow several measures when working with these data, applying to their entire life cycle - i.e., acquisition, storage, processing, usage, sharing, archiving, and reuse. In addition, importance of good practice during the whole data life cycle is emphasized by current European trends towards open science and digital transformation. Therefore, the following recommendations have been developed, establishing principles for work with the whole human genome sequences or parts of it in research context. The recommendations are based on two documents published by the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) and on foreign literature, thus summarizing recent relevant guidance on most aspects of working with human genomic data.
Western medicine as a stimulant of scientific progress in Tokugawa Japan.
Kodet R
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 38981727
Until the 17th century, Japan was almost exclusively influenced by the Chinese medical tradition. A brief experience with European medicine was interrupted in the mid-17th century by edicts that isolated the country from...
Until the 17th century, Japan was almost exclusively influenced by the Chinese medical tradition. A brief experience with European medicine was interrupted in the mid-17th century by edicts that isolated the country from outside world. However, thanks to the Dutch presence in Nagasaki, some Japanese intellectuals maintained contact with Western physicians. Thanks to them, the latest medical publications and textbooks gradually spread to Japan. This intellectual exchange led to a surge of interest in new discoveries and stimulated the development of scientific research. Medicine thus played a crucial role in Japan's subsequent modernization.
Influence of nutritional intervention combined with vitamin D on the development of sarcopenia.
Koribaničová T, Kubešová HM
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 38981726
The aim of the review article was to analyze studies dealing with the implementation of nutritional intervention with vitamin D content and nutritional intervention including vitamin D in combination with resistance exer...
The aim of the review article was to analyze studies dealing with the implementation of nutritional intervention with vitamin D content and nutritional intervention including vitamin D in combination with resistance exercise. All these interventions are being investigated in patients with and without sarcopenia. PubMed, CINAHL and MEDLINE databases were used to search for studies. Studies from 2017-2022, in Czech and English, were searched for. All studies had to be freely accessible in fulltext and had to focus on patients older than 65 years. Only meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the review. A total of 5 RCTs were included in the review. These can be thematically divided into studies devoted to nutritional intervention (1) and studies devoted to nutritional intervention in combination with resistance exercise (4), where the results were most reliable. It can be concluded that the administration of nutritional intervention enriched with vitamin D, with is combined with resistance exercise, can improve vitamin D values, muscle strength and physical fitness in seniors over 65 years of age.
Optimizing nutrition for the treatment of lipedema: new pathways to improved quality of life.
Kunzová M
Cas Lek Cesk · 2023 · PMID 38981725
Lipedema, a chronic disease characterized by excessive fatty tissue deposition in the hips, buttocks, and lower legs, significantly negatively impacts the quality of life of those affected. This disease, which almost exc...
Lipedema, a chronic disease characterized by excessive fatty tissue deposition in the hips, buttocks, and lower legs, significantly negatively impacts the quality of life of those affected. This disease, which almost exclusively affects women, is often underdiagnosed, and confused with obesity. Diagnosis of lipedema is crucial for initial treatment and improvement of the patient's quality of life. Hormonal changes, inflammation, and tissue fibrosis play an essential role in the pathogenesis of lipedema. This article presents nutritional strategies that may bring relief to patients with lipedema. Nutritional intervention for lipedema patients could be an adjunct to traditional treatment, improving quality of life and reducing pain. However, these findings must be subjected to further research and clinical trials. The exact mechanism by which diet affects lipedema remains incompletely understood and, therefore, requires further study. However, this work provides hope and direction for future therapeutic approaches and research in treating lipedema.
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