Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Dec · PMID 39835601
·
Publisher ↗
Social norms, the informal rules that influence behavior, play essential roles in shaping people's behavior. Community-based norms-shifting interventions (NSIs) identify gender and other social norms linked to unhealthy...Social norms, the informal rules that influence behavior, play essential roles in shaping people's behavior. Community-based norms-shifting interventions (NSIs) identify gender and other social norms linked to unhealthy behaviors and implement activities to promote collective change by encouraging communities to reflect on and question these norms. Though NSIs are gaining international traction in social and behavior change programming for health promotion, how change occurs needs to be clearly understood in African and other contexts. To build understanding and guidance for future NSI design, the applied-research Passages Project and collaborating non-governmental organizations in West and Central Africa conducted realist evaluations of four NSIs focused on adolescent/youth sexual and reproductive health, operating in Democratic Republic of Congo, Niger, and Senegal. The evidence base for the realist synthesis came from four quasi-experimental outcome evaluations and 19 rapid implementation studies, which confirmed the four program Theories of Change. The synthesis findings identified eight norms-shifting mechanisms common across NSIs: information provision; dialogical, experiential approaches; role modeling; safe spaces; within-community meetings; planned diffusion; cross-community meetings of change agents; and community-service linkages. NSIs directly, at times indirectly, engaged reference groups that uphold norms, explaining their theoretical roles operationally. These findings led to middle-range theory showing how NSI activities, mechanisms, and reference group engagement should, over time, lead to norms-shifting outcomes. Design implications include developing a fuller understanding of how program components, as norms-change mechanisms, lead to effects; being deliberate about when and how to engage reference groups; and recognizing systems complexity and the subsequent need for NSI implementation elasticity.
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Dec · PMID 39834145
·
Publisher ↗
Dado el aumento constante en la tasa de incidencia del VIH en Chile, se han impulsado estrategias de prevención conjunta, con la promoción del testeo de VIH como uno de sus pilares fundamentales. El presente estudio se p...Dado el aumento constante en la tasa de incidencia del VIH en Chile, se han impulsado estrategias de prevención conjunta, con la promoción del testeo de VIH como uno de sus pilares fundamentales. El presente estudio se propuso identificar los determinantes sociales del testeo de VIH en la población chilena a partir de datos secundarios provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud, Sexualidad y Género 2022-2023. Se contó con un diseño transversal y una muestra representativa de 20392 adultos chilenos residentes en sectores urbanos. La variable dependiente fue la realización del test de VIH en los últimos 12 meses, mientras que las variables independientes fueron los determinantes estructurales (edad, género, macrozona de residencia, pertenencia a pueblos originarios y nivel educacional) e intermediarios (previsión de salud, religión, orientación sexual, situación de pareja, educación sexual, calidad de vida, salud percibida). Se llevaron a cabo modelos de regresión logística binomial múltiple, con estimaciones de datos basadas en encuestas para diseños de estudios complejos. De acuerdo con el modelo estimado, las personas de 40 años o más, de género masculino, con nivel educacional primario, orientación heterosexual, que no tenían pareja y con una mayor percepción de salud, tenían una menor probabilidad de haberse realizado un test de VIH en el último año. Es crucial identificar los determinantes sociales del testeo de VIH, con el fin de desarrollar políticas públicas e intervenciones de promoción efectivas. Los resultados presentados permiten identificar grupos de población que tienen un menor acceso a servicios de testeo, hacia los cuales orientar los esfuerzos para la promoción de la detección oportuna.
Prinkey T, Lundqvist A, García Velázquez R
… +2 more, Lilja E, Skogberg N
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Dec · PMID 39831430
·
Full text
AimsThere is limited information on changes in body mass index (BMI) due to the COVID-19 pandemic among persons of migrant origin. The aim of the present study was to examine factors associated with changes in BMI among...AimsThere is limited information on changes in body mass index (BMI) due to the COVID-19 pandemic among persons of migrant origin. The aim of the present study was to examine factors associated with changes in BMI among the general- and migrant-origin populations in Finland.MethodsLongitudinal data to explore individual-level changes in self-reported BMI among migrant-origin persons ( = 3313) were obtained from the FinMonik Survey conducted in 2018 and the MigCOVID Survey conducted 2020-2021. Data for the general population reference group were obtained from the FinHealth 2017 Study conducted 2017-2018 and its follow-up conducted in 2020 ( = 2982). Logistic regression was applied to examine whether age, sex, education, economic activity, length of residence in Finland, language skills, smoking, alcohol usage, sleep, physical activity, snacking, and fruit and vegetable consumption were associated with an increase or decrease in BMI. A change in BMI was defined as a 5% or greater increase or decrease.ResultsTwenty-seven per cent of the migrant-origin population experienced an increase in BMI, while 14% had a decrease in BMI. These results corresponded to figures observed among the general population in Finland (27% and 14%). Persons of migrant origin who were other than students or employed faced greater odds of an increase in BMI of at least 5% (OR = 1.71). In the general population, an increase in BMI of at least 5% had greater odds of occurring among women (OR = 1.61), those who were other than students or employed (OR = 1.68), those who increased their alcohol intake (OR = 1.64), those who increased their snacking (OR = 1.40) and decreased their fruit and vegetable intake (OR = 1.85).ConclusionsMost examined factors applied differently to general- and migrant-origin populations and by migrant-origin group. These differences must be considered when planning future public health promotion efforts, particularly those during crisis situations.
Angélica Saldías Fernández M, González-Santa Cruz A, Martínez Órdenes M
… +1 more, Parra-Giordano D
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Dec · PMID 39673510
·
Full text
OBJETIVO: identificar las características sociodemográficas y/o sociosanitarias comunes de quienes solicitaron prestaciones para la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo (IVE) en Chile mediante un análisis de clases laten...OBJETIVO: identificar las características sociodemográficas y/o sociosanitarias comunes de quienes solicitaron prestaciones para la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo (IVE) en Chile mediante un análisis de clases latentes, con el fin de examinar la relación entre estos patrones y la decisión de interrumpir el embarazo.Métodos:análisis de clases latentes a partir de una cohorte retrospectiva basada en registros anonimizados a nivel nacional. Gestantes que solicitaron las prestaciones contempladas en la Ley 21.030 de la red sanitaria pública en Chile, entre los años 2018 y 2022 ( = 3789). RESULTADOS: modelo de cinco clases latentes: C1 "Extranjeras con alta vulnerabilidad que ingresan por violación" (4.3 %), C2 "Chilenas con baja vulnerabilidad" (11.8 %), C3 "Extranjeras con alta vulnerabilidad que ingresan por inviabilidad fetal o riesgo de vida para la persona gestante" (13.3 %), C4 "Chilenas con vulnerabilidad media" (55.6 %) y C5 "Chilenas con alta vulnerabilidad" (15.1 %). Las gestantes pertenecientes a las C3 (OR = 0.91, IC 95 % [0.88, 0.95]) y C4 (OR = 0.87, IC 95 % [0.84, 0.90]) tienen menores probabilidades de interrupción en comparación con las que pertenecen a la C2. Las gestantes C3 (0.94 [IC 95 % = 0.88, 0.99]) son quienes presentan mayores probabilidades de solicitar IVE, seguidas por C2 (0.93 [IC 95 % = 0.90, 0.97]) y C5 (0.92 [IC 95 % = 0.89, 0.95]). CONCLUSIONES: los perfiles sociodemográficos de las personas solicitantes de la IVE revisten de complejidad y presentan características heterogéneas. En Chile, los patrones distintivos identificados en las personas gestantes que solicitaron la IVE durante el periodo de estudio apuntan a vulnerabilidades sociales que pueden limitar los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de las personas gestantes. Las políticas públicas debieran poner foco en personas migrantes que solicitan prestaciones IVE.
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Sep · PMID 39654265
·
Full text
To achieve 'Sustainable Healthy Diets', it is critical to address the observed gender discrepancy in meal preparation time allocation. Japanese fathers spend significantly less time on food-related housework (foodwork) t...To achieve 'Sustainable Healthy Diets', it is critical to address the observed gender discrepancy in meal preparation time allocation. Japanese fathers spend significantly less time on food-related housework (foodwork) than mothers. This study aimed to investigate the association between fathers' childhood meal preparation experiences and their current cooking skills in preparing healthy meals for their children, as well as their involvement in foodwork in Japan. An online cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2022 with 500 Japanese fathers living in dual-earner households with children aged 3-6 years. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine the above-mentioned associations, with fathers' age and education as control variables. This study examined 463 fathers who did not live with their children's grandparents. We evaluated the fathers' cooking skills on a scale and obtained an average score of 6.9, ranging from 3 to 15; foodwork involvement was assessed similarly, resulting in an average score of 4.1, ranging from 0 to 8. ANCOVA results showed that fathers with experience in meal preparation from childhood were more likely to have higher cooking skills scores (adjusted mean (SEM) = 7.8 (0.35)) than fathers with no experience (adjusted mean (SEM) = 6.5 (0.24), adjusted < 0.05). They were also more likely to have higher foodwork involvement scores (adjusted mean (SEM) = 4.9 (0.26)) than fathers with no experience (adjusted mean (SEM) = 3.8 (0.18)) or experiences from adulthood (adjusted mean (SEM) = 4.0 (0.28), adjusted < 0.05). Therefore, fathers' childhood meal preparation experience may impact their current cooking skills and foodwork involvement. Hence, age-appropriate programs are required that continually encourage children to prepare meals at home.
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Sep · PMID 39643941
·
Full text
This commentary is intended as a response to ongoing concerns expressed about fundamental limitations of current research, policy, and practice surrounding health literacy. These concerns emphasise the individualistic an...This commentary is intended as a response to ongoing concerns expressed about fundamental limitations of current research, policy, and practice surrounding health literacy. These concerns emphasise the individualistic and reductionist approaches which often dominate health literacy work, as well as a neglect of broader structural factors in addressing pressing public health issues. The potential of critical health literacy as a concept and practical approach which responds to these critiques is presented. A case is made that critical health literacy, as a concept that operates at both the community and individual level, offers an opportunity to address and eventually overcome these basic limitations in current health literacy approaches.
Fall-related injuries are the leading cause of injury, death and disability among older adults, and their health care costs are high. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of an educational intervent...Fall-related injuries are the leading cause of injury, death and disability among older adults, and their health care costs are high. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of an educational intervention, based on the health belief model, on the prevention and fear of falling among older people. We conducted this experimental study on 140 older people in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran, in 2023. We selected the subjects using a simple sampling method. The educational intervention for the experimental group included three 30-min sessions. We analyzed the data using SPSS 22 software, employing chi-square, independent -tests and paired -tests. The results showed that before the educational intervention, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of knowledge, perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, cues to action, and performance; however, three months after the educational intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in each of the mentioned variables except the perceived barriers. Additionally, after the educational intervention, the mean score of fear of falling in the experimental group showed a statistically significant decrease. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the health belief model in preventing falls and reducing the fear of falls in older people. Therefore, we suggest using training based on this model to prevent and reduce falls among older people.
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Sep · PMID 39582181
·
Full text
BACKGROUND: Communities of Practice (CoPs) are increasingly used in health and non-health sectors globally. Evidence suggests that CoPs can support health promotion activities, but the research mainly encompasses formal,...BACKGROUND: Communities of Practice (CoPs) are increasingly used in health and non-health sectors globally. Evidence suggests that CoPs can support health promotion activities, but the research mainly encompasses formal, professional contexts: the role and contribution of CoPs in community-centred health promotion has not been explored. This paper presents a process evaluation of a CoP that aimed to facilitate social innovation among voluntary, community, faith and social enterprise (VCFSE) organisations. Hosted by a city-region government in England, VCFSE organisations were invited to join a CoP to enable the development and implementation of their ideas for addressing gambling harms. METHODS: The process evaluation sought to develop mid-level programme theory for the use of CoPs in community-centred health promotion. Data collection consisted of 33 qualitative interviews with stakeholders, as well as project reporting. Data were organised using a framework approach which supported the construction of themes and a complex intervention model. The research team reflected on these to develop the programme theory. RESULTS: The CoP facilitated the development of community-centred interventions for addressing gambling harms through a two-track process: first, a community of VCFSE staff was formed, whose understanding of gambling harms was nurtured through discussions led by people with Lived Experience; second, the CoP contributed to project development via collaboration, knowledge sharing and an integrated referral pathway, although project-level benefits were uneven. Learning was generated in community engagement, training, education, support and social campaigns. CONCLUSIONS: The findings confirm the combined effectiveness of a CoP, varied VCFSE projects and people with Lived Experience to co-create an evolving knowledge-base for a city-region government's gambling harms reduction strategy. CoPs may therefore complement partnership working in community settings, although additional training support may be required in comparison with CoPs involving health professionals. The city-region government's approach could be replicated in other emerging public health areas.
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Sep · PMID 39569978
·
Full text
The pressing global health crises highlight the need for professional health promotion (HP). Debates on the professionalization of HP are still overlaid by questions regarding the conceptualization of HP, yet literature...The pressing global health crises highlight the need for professional health promotion (HP). Debates on the professionalization of HP are still overlaid by questions regarding the conceptualization of HP, yet literature is scarce regarding this point. Therefore, this article aims to (a) provide an overview of the current state of professionalism in HP with a focus on the Swiss context, and (b) identify facilitators, gaps and barriers of professionalism in HP. By investigating these aims, we contribute to specifying the conceptualization of the specialist HP professional profile. To analyse professionalism in HP, we examined individual and institutional aspects of sociological theories on professions. We selected seven aspects as a theoretical foundation for the analysis: (1) specific knowledge base, (2) specific field of action, (3) specific education, (4) professional association, (5) specific competencies, (6) professional identity, and (7) professional practice. Analysing each aspect of professionalism in HP, we see a clear progression within the last decades internationally as well as in Switzerland. The development of a Core Competency Framework - the CompHP - is a milestone in the professionalization of HP. Some major gaps and barriers are identifiable, which should be proactively faced by the specialist HP professionals. To further flourish as HP professionals, a unity regarding contents and levels of education needs to be discussed. Therefore, an investment in professional identity formation of the specialist HP workforce is likely to promote their engagement, competencies and shared values, which are essential promotors of professionalism in HP.
This article explores the role of population health intervention research (PHIR) in enhancing health promotion in France, stressing the importance of a more in-depth understanding and thorough analysis of healthcare inte...This article explores the role of population health intervention research (PHIR) in enhancing health promotion in France, stressing the importance of a more in-depth understanding and thorough analysis of healthcare interventions. Established in 2022, the So-RISP network aims to structure the PHIR field, consolidating expertise from renowned teams specializing in PHIR, primary cancer prevention, and addiction. In January 2023, So-RISP members convened a national workshop. The workshop aimed to share the specificities of PHIR and particularly to clarify the use of theories in PHIR. A qualitative analysis of this workshop was conducted to aid in building a shared and well-defined knowledge base for PHIR stakeholders. Results highlight the necessity of developing a unified terminology and increasing reflexivity among PHIR stakeholders for enhanced effectiveness. The article also identifies key challenges, including the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, facilitating social transformation, and integrating various contexts in intervention analysis.
Community-academic partnerships can be useful models for sustainable interventions. The Jerusalem Community-Academic Partnership (J-CAP) was established to address local health needs identified by a population survey. It...Community-academic partnerships can be useful models for sustainable interventions. The Jerusalem Community-Academic Partnership (J-CAP) was established to address local health needs identified by a population survey. It engaged stakeholders and public health students as part of their training. We describe the establishment and processes of this partnership over a 3-year period.Part 1 of the program entailed mapping and undertaking a quality assessment of health promotion (HP) programs in Jerusalem. Part 2 (Years 2 and 3), described herein, entailed a participatory process wherein a particular neighborhood, with a predominantly Ultra-Orthodox population, was chosen for intervention. A local steering committee was set up, and students assessed assets and needs by direct observation, in-depth interviews, and focus groups, followed by the development of intervention programs using a participatory process. Neighborhood assets and needs identified in the first year served as a basis for the participatory process of developing intervention programs. Assets identified included the local community center and swimming pool. Barriers to a healthy lifestyle included a lack of health literacy, time constraints, socioeconomic factors, and local lifestyle and environmental characteristics. Students focused on public spaces, preschool children, and young women and mothers when designing, together with local leaders, intervention programs related to healthy nutrition and physical activity. The participatory process contributed to strengthening partnerships among several services and agencies investing in the health of Jerusalem residents. The students' critical service-learning contributed to their understanding of HP in the real world and the local community. The students' reports, which were submitted to the community center management, could serve to inform future interventions.
Villanueva-Blasco VJ, Guillamó-Mínguez C, Lozano-Polo A
… +2 more, Villanueva-Silvestre V, Vázquez-Martínez A
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Dec · PMID 39535075
·
Publisher ↗
UNLABELLED: Introducción:la pandemia de la COVID-19 expuso a los profesionales sanitarios a circunstancias que incrementaron su estrés, recurriendo al consumo de sustancias como estrategia de afrontamiento. OBJETIVOS: co...UNLABELLED: Introducción:la pandemia de la COVID-19 expuso a los profesionales sanitarios a circunstancias que incrementaron su estrés, recurriendo al consumo de sustancias como estrategia de afrontamiento. OBJETIVOS: conocer el patrón de consumo de alcohol, tabaco y cannabis en profesionales sanitarios españoles en el periodo prepandemia y durante la fase pandémica aguda (FPA), diferenciando en función de la profesión y estableciendo si hubo diferencias entre ambos periodos.Métodos:estudio descriptivo no probabilístico con muestreo por conveniencia. Participaron 630 profesionales sanitarios. Se utilizó una encuesta en línea con categorización de la profesión sanitaria, AUDIT-C para consumo de alcohol, preguntas para tabaco, y CAST para cannabis. Se realizó análisis de frecuencia y diferencia de medias ( de Student, Wilcoxon), reportando el tamaño del efecto y Phi. RESULTADOS: el 57.1 % de los profesionales sanitarios mostró consumo de la riesgo de la alcohol antes de la FPA; disminuyendo al 42.4 % en la FPA. Entre los consumidores, la proporción de consumidores de riesgo previa a la FPA fue del 95 % en todas las profesiones sanitarias y superior al 65 % durante la FPA. Entre ambos periodos, únicamente hubo un descenso significativo en médicos/as (χ MN = 8.108; < 0.004). Respecto al tabaco, el 14.1 % afirmó consumirlo, observándose un incremento significativo del consumo medio de cigarrillos entre ambos periodos ((80) = -3.994; < 0,001), explicado por el incremento entre psicólogos/as ((42) = -3.245; < 0.002). Respecto al cannabis, el 2.7 % afirmó haberlo consumido, presentando el 14.3 % adicción moderada y el 7.1 % dependencia. CONCLUSIONES: durante la crisis sanitaria se produjo una reducción del consumo de alcohol, tabaco y cannabis entre profesionales sanitarios, siendo desigual por categoría profesional. Sin embargo, se detectaron incrementos del consumo y consumos de riesgo en algunos colectivos, señalándose las implicaciones para su salud y labor sanitaria. Se propone impulsar medidas de promoción de la salud mental en los centros sanitarios que incorporen estrategias de abordaje de sustancias.
Leavy JE, Abercromby M, Della Bona M
… +2 more, Nimmo L, Crawford G
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Sep · PMID 39523447
·
Full text
BACKGROUND: Preventing drowning in adults is a complex, multifaceted injury prevention issue. The adult drowning rate in Australia is continuing to rise. In 2023, more than half of those who drowned were aged over 45 yea...BACKGROUND: Preventing drowning in adults is a complex, multifaceted injury prevention issue. The adult drowning rate in Australia is continuing to rise. In 2023, more than half of those who drowned were aged over 45 years. While there has been a call for robust, evidence-informed drowning prevention interventions across the life course, evidence of evaluated, drowning prevention programmes for adults is lacking. For more than a decade, drowning prevention researchers and practitioners in Western Australia (WA) have worked in partnership to design and evaluate evidence-informed programmes. This paper describes formative research to develop 'Make the Right Call' (MTRC), an adult water safety programme in WA. METHODS: A staged, mixed-methods, formative evaluation was undertaken to inform the design of MTRC.Stages:The approach involved cluster analysis of coronial data 2008-2018 ( = 93), interviews with adults aged 45-64 years ( = 10) and 65 years and older ( = 15), theory mapping, survey design, content and face validity testing of a baseline questionnaire with content experts ( = 11) and a refined instrument to collect knowledge, and data on norms and water-based activity. The subsequent MTRC programme comprised a media campaign, community swimming and safety classes, lifejacket trade-in, subsidised first-aid training and community education. DISCUSSION: The results of each stage informed the design and evaluation of a new evidence-informed and theory-driven drowning prevention programme for adults aged 45 years and older, delivered by the peak drowning prevention agency in WA, Royal Life Saving Western Australia. An investment in mixed-methods research by the partnership added rigour and credibility to the programme and evaluation design. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first adult water safety programme to apply a theory-driven, evidence-informed approach to its development, implementation and evaluation. The partnership was vital in maximising and accelerating the acceptable transfer of results to enhance knowledge creation and, ultimately, the design of the MTRC drowning prevention programme.
Malengreaux S, Doumont D, Lambert AS
… +1 more, Aujoulat I
Glob Health Promot
· 2025 Sep · PMID 39506392
·
Full text
INTRODUCTION: L'évaluation réaliste est de plus en plus plébiscitée dans le champ de la promotion de la santé. Pourtant, cette démarche d'évaluation est encore très peu utilisée par, ou même avec, des équipes de terrain,...INTRODUCTION: L'évaluation réaliste est de plus en plus plébiscitée dans le champ de la promotion de la santé. Pourtant, cette démarche d'évaluation est encore très peu utilisée par, ou même avec, des équipes de terrain, ce qui vient limiter sa portée pour les pratiques de terrain. Notre étude propose d'explorer les conditions favorables à la pratique de l'évaluation réaliste par des équipes de promotion de la santé.Méthodes :Cette étude s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une étude de cas multiples impliquant une chercheuse et quatre équipes de promotion de la santé en Région de Bruxelles-Capitale. Des données qualitatives ont été collectées tout au long de l'expérimentation de l'évaluation réaliste de projets de promotion de la santé avec les quatre équipes bruxelloises.Résultats :Nos résultats montrent l'intérêt de l'évaluation réaliste pour orienter les pratiques évaluatives des acteurs de terrain vers des pratiques favorables à la réflexivité. Ils montrent aussi les difficultés rencontrées et les ressources sur lesquelles s'appuyer pour les surmonter. Quatre conditions sont ainsi mises en évidence pour mener une évaluation réaliste de manière participative et capacitante. CONCLUSION: Notre étude encourage à envisager de nouveaux repères pour une pratique pragmatique de l'évaluation réaliste dans le champ de la promotion de la santé, axée sur la participation et la capacitation des parties prenantes.