Int J Adolesc Med Health [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Cross-cultural adaptation and preliminary validation of the adolescent obesity environmental questionnaire (AOEQ) in LMICs: family, school, and peer contexts.
Erlena E, Nurjannah I, Achadiono DN … +1 more , Wibawa T
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Jul · PMID 42393014 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Although adolescent obesity is a growing concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), culturally adapted tools to assess environmental risk factors are limited. This study developed and conducted a pr...
OBJECTIVES: Although adolescent obesity is a growing concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), culturally adapted tools to assess environmental risk factors are limited. This study developed and conducted a preliminary validation of the Adolescent Obesity Environmental Questionnaire (AOEQ), with a design intended to be relevant for LMIC contexts. METHODS: Items were generated via literature review, adaptation of existing tools, and focus group discussions. Forward-backward translation and expert panel review ensured content validity. Five experts rated items using Content Validity Index (CVI), and face validity was evaluated with adolescents (FVI). RESULTS: The preliminary AOEQ included 40 items across three domains: family (27), school (6), and peer (7). Expert review showed high content validity (S-CVI/Ave=0.90; I-CVI 0.83-1.00). Face validity confirmed clarity and cultural appropriateness (S-FVI/Ave=0.94). Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α=0.813-0.948). CONCLUSIONS: The AOEQ is a reliable, culturally valid tool for assessing obesogenic environments among Indonesian adolescents, with potential applicability to other adolescents in LMIC settings.
Statistical insights into premenstrual syndrome and dysphoric disorder: understanding menstrual health challenges in pre-university students.
You HW, Izzati NS
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295345 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), which typically occurs during the luteal phase, one week prior to menstruation. Menstrual health challenges encompass a...
OBJECTIVES: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), which typically occurs during the luteal phase, one week prior to menstruation. Menstrual health challenges encompass a spectrum of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. These challenges can significantly affect quality of life, academic performance, and social functioning among young women. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence and severity of PMS and PMDD among pre-university students. METHODS: A total of 100 students were randomly selected as participants, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The instrument comprised three sections, including demographic information, menstrual patterns and the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). Classification of PMS and PMDD was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV (DSM-IV) criteria embedded within the PSST. RESULTS: Findings revealed that seven respondents met the criteria for PMDD, while 46 and 47 respondents were categorized as experiencing no/mild PMS and moderate to severe PMS, respectively. Students diagnosed with PMDD reported higher levels of menstrual pain and more frequent premenstrual symptoms compared to those with no/mild or moderate to severe PMS. These symptoms were found to interfere with daily activities and social interactions, underscoring the psychosocial burden of menstrual health challenges. Furthermore, PMS symptoms are known to persist across the reproductive lifespan and may continue during the menopausal transition. CONCLUSIONS: Given these implications, raising awareness of PMS and PMDD is essential to safeguard the overall well-being of women, particularly in educational settings where menstrual health challenges can disrupt academic engagement and psychosocial development.
A latent class analysis of co-occurring substance use, suicidality, and violence-related behaviors among Moroccan adolescents.
El Kazdouh H, Boubih S, El-Ammari A … +3 more , El Achhab Y, El-Ammari A, Bouftini S
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 May · PMID 42204963 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Adolescents face co-occurring health risk behaviors contributing synergistically to adverse health outcomes. Evidence on these patterns of co-occurrences in low- and middle-income countries is limited. This s...
OBJECTIVES: Adolescents face co-occurring health risk behaviors contributing synergistically to adverse health outcomes. Evidence on these patterns of co-occurrences in low- and middle-income countries is limited. This study aimed to identify latent classes based on patterns of substance use, suicidality, and violence-related behaviors among Moroccan adolescents and examine sociodemographic, risk, and protective factor correlates of class membership. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2016 Morocco GSHS, which included 6,745 adolescents aged 13-17 years. Latent class analysis was performed using 12 binary indicators of violence, bullying, injury, suicidality, and substance use. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the associations between latent class membership and covariates, including sociodemographic factors, risk behaviors, and protective factors. RESULTS: A four-class solution provided the best fit. Class 1 ("low engagement in risk behaviors" 54.2 %) showed minimal involvement in all risks. Class 2 ("high violence, low suicidality and substance use" 21.3 %) was marked by elevated violence. Class 3 ("moderate violence and high suicidality" 12.5 %) was dominated by suicidality coupled with moderate violence. Class 4 ("high violence, moderate suicidality and high substance use," 12.0 %) reflected poly-risk engagement. Rural residence, parental tobacco use, secondhand smoke exposure, and having no close friends significantly increased the odds of poly-risk class membership. Consistent school attendance emerged as a significant protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: Distinct clusters of adolescent health risk behaviors were identified. Integrated, context-specific interventions that enhance family engagement, school connectedness, and multi-component prevention could mitigate compounded risks and improve adolescent health in Morocco.
Translation and validation of the Greek version of the Children and Adolescent Participation in Decision Making Questionnaire (CAP-DMQ).
Varela P, Togas C, Saridi M … +4 more , Fradelos E, Toska A, Papathanasiou IV, Mavroforou A
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 May · PMID 42173088 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To translate the Children and Adolescents Participation in Decision-Making Questionnaire (CAP-DMQ) into Greek and to assess its psychometric characteristics. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional approac...
OBJECTIVES: To translate the Children and Adolescents Participation in Decision-Making Questionnaire (CAP-DMQ) into Greek and to assess its psychometric characteristics. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional approach with a convenience sample of 300 students aged 12 to 16 from four high schools and two middle schools in Larissa, Greece, achieving a 100% response rate. Data were gathered over four months, from January to April 2025. Statistical analyses were performed utilizing SPSS version 29. Exploratory Factor Analysis was employed to examine the factor structure of the Greek adaptation of the CAP-DMQ. RESULTS: The analysis revealed a one-factor structure of the CAP-DMQ, based on Kaiser's criterion (eigenvalue > 1), which accounted for 34.2% of the total variance. All items had factor loadings greater than 0.40 on the single factor. The highest loading was observed for item 7, while the lowest was for item 8. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 10 items was 0.862, and McDonald's ω was 0.865, both indicating good internal consistency. The mean CAP-DMQ score was 1.497 (SD = 0.145), reflecting a high level of participation in decision-making. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the Greek version of the CAP-DMQ has a single-factor structure and demonstrates strong internal consistency reliability. This version serves as a concise and reliable instrument for evaluating the involvement of children and adolescents in decision-making among Greek-speaking individuals.
The silent trajectory: unaddressed adolescent arecanut chewing and early onset of oral submucous fibrosis.
Shetty A, Shetty P, Hegde U
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 May · PMID 42154732 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Arecanut chewing is common in many parts of South and Southeast Asia, but its effects on young people are often ignored. Many adolescents start this habit early, which is concerning because it is linked to...
INTRODUCTION: Arecanut chewing is common in many parts of South and Southeast Asia, but its effects on young people are often ignored. Many adolescents start this habit early, which is concerning because it is linked to early development of Oral Submucous Fibrosis-a condition that can cause serious problems and may progress to cancer. CONTENT: A structured review was done using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar, including English studies from 2000 to 2025. Studies were included if they reported arecanut use in adolescents, focusing on age of initiation and oral fibrotic changes. Studies limited to adults or without age-specific data were excluded. Out of 25 studies, 12 focused on adolescents. Arecanut use was found to begin in early teenage years, influenced by peers, family habits, and low awareness of risks. Early signs of OSMF, such as reduced mouth opening, have been reported, with prevalence ranging from 3.4 % to 8.8 %. Processed arecanut products appear to increase early onset and severity. SUMMARY: Adolescence is a vulnerable period for both starting arecanut use and developing early features of OSMF, requiring greater clinical and public health attention. OUTLOOK: Arecanut use in adolescents should not be seen as a harmless cultural habit. Early detection, awareness, and prevention at school and community levels are essential. Better regulation of processed arecanut products is needed to reduce early exposure and prevent long-term oral health problems, including oral potentially malignant disorders.
Associations between physical activity and mental well-being among adolescents in the Danish health behaviour in school-aged children study.
Braendgaard K, Troest LS, Toftager M
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 May · PMID 42132271 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: There has been increasing global attention on the rise of negative mental health among adolescents. Much research has examined the relationship between negative mental health states and physical activity (PA)...
OBJECTIVES: There has been increasing global attention on the rise of negative mental health among adolescents. Much research has examined the relationship between negative mental health states and physical activity (PA) among adolescents. However, the association between positive mental health states (e.g. mental well-being), and PA has not been as extensively investigated. This study aimed to investigate the association between PA and mental well-being in adolescents and whether sex moderated the association. METHODS: Data stem from a Danish nationally representative sample of 3,732 adolescents aged 13 and 15 from the 2022 cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. PA was assessed using two measures: meeting the guidelines of 60-min daily moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and time spent on leisure time vigorous PA (VPA). Mental well-being was assessed using the SWEMWBS scale. Logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Our findings show significant positive associations between different measures for PA and mental well-being. The strongest association was found for meeting the MVPA guidelines. Adolescents who met the MVPA guidelines were more likely to report high mental well-being (OR=2.01, 95 % CI: 1.61-2.52). There was also a positive association between the other PA measures, however the positive association was lower with more VPA included in the exposure. The relationship between PA and mental well-being was not moderated by sex. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that PA may be beneficial for mental well-being among adolescents. Further research is needed to understand the causal relation and mechanisms involved in the association.
Proceedings of the 13 International Association for Adolescent Health World Congress.
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 42102348 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Association of social environment and body image with dietary diversity among adolescents in Pekanbaru, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study.
Mitra M, Mahkota R, Rany N … +2 more , Dewi O, As Syifa ED
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 May · PMID 42101828 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Inadequate intake of macro- and micronutrients or low dietary diversity can lead to nutritional problems among adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association between social environment, body image,...
OBJECTIVES: Inadequate intake of macro- and micronutrients or low dietary diversity can lead to nutritional problems among adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association between social environment, body image, and dietary diversity among senior high school students in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. METHODS: This quantitative cross-sectional study involved 223 students selected using simple random sampling from two senior high schools in Pekanbaru. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, social environment, body image, nutritional knowledge, and household food security. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall and the Individual Dietary Diversity Score. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (Chi-square), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) analyses. RESULTS: Overall, 43.5 % of adolescents had low dietary diversity, while 32.7 % were exposed to an unfavorable social environment and 41.3 % reported a negative body image. Multivariate analysis showed that adolescents in a favorable social environment were more than twice as likely to have a diverse diet compared to those in an unfavorable environment (POR=2.08; 95 % CI: 1.15-3.74; p=0.015). Adolescents with a positive body image were 1.72 times more likely to consume a diverse diet than those with a negative body image, indicating a potential association (POR=1.72; 95 % CI: 0.97-3.04; p=0.062). CONCLUSIONS: A supportive social environment and a positive body image are essential for promoting dietary diversity among adolescents. Interventions should focus on strengthening family and peer support, promoting positive nutrition messages through social media, and encouraging the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, and dairy products through school- and family-based nutrition education programs.
Pattern of smartphone use and its influence on psychosocial features among health professional course scholars: a cross-sectional study.
Deka K, Pranathi TNVSL, Nayak MM … +1 more , Krishnan S
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 42065960 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Patterns of smartphone use vary across ages; however, adolescents and young adults may be at particular risk, with more behavioral addictions and adverse health effects. This study explored the prevalence of...
OBJECTIVES: Patterns of smartphone use vary across ages; however, adolescents and young adults may be at particular risk, with more behavioral addictions and adverse health effects. This study explored the prevalence of smartphone addictions among health adolescent professional students and examined how problematic smartphone usage interferes with their level of physical activity as well as health-related quality of life. METHODS: A cross-sectional Analytical study based on self-perceived outcome measures such as the smartphone addiction scale-short version, the 'International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form', and 'Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29'-item profile was done with a sample of 400 participants. RESULTS: A total of 400 individuals (125 Males & 275 females) with mean age being 20.8 + 2.06 years recruited for the study. Smartphone addiction was most prevalent in dentistry students (43 %), followed by medicine (32 %) and allied health science (30.5 %), with no statistically significant differences in the addiction rate among the three programs. Compared with smartphone-addicted individuals, nonaddicted individuals had marginally greater physical function (mean difference =0.670, p<0.001), and those addicted to smartphones had significantly higher. anxiety (mean difference = 2.776, p<0.001), depression (mean difference =2.264, p< 0.001), and fatigue (mean difference =2.264, p<0.001). Physical activity was found to have no statistically significant difference between addicted and non-addicted individuals and except for sleep disturbance, none of the domains of PROMISE-29 showed any statistically significant correlation with physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight the need for recommendation for setting a time limit for the usage of smartphones for formal and informal academic activities, as well as policy measures to promote normal smartphone use.
Reflections of a transnational Adolescent Medicine physician on gender social transition and language.
Kanbur N
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Apr · PMID 42033654 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Gender diverse adolescents and young adults (AYAs) can have the opportunity to live authentic self publicly only after social transition. Name and pronoun changes consistent with AYA's affirmed gender are amo...
OBJECTIVES: Gender diverse adolescents and young adults (AYAs) can have the opportunity to live authentic self publicly only after social transition. Name and pronoun changes consistent with AYA's affirmed gender are among the significant markers of social transition, with its recognition by others indicating a greater extent of social integration. METHODS: From the gender perspective, globally there are three types of languages which are natural gender, gendered and genderless languages. RESULTS: The challenges of pronoun changes are on a wide spectrum from to , depending on the language spoken. There is no mention of any relationship between the social transition of gender diverse AYAs and the spoken language in the literature. In this paper, I would like to share my personal experience and reflections as a transnational adolescent medicine physician on the impact of spoken language on gender social transition. Within my clinical experience over the years, I believe the more gender expressions in the spoken language, the harder the social transition of a gender diverse youth. CONCLUSIONS: I believe the health care providers serving gender diverse AYAs need to be cognizant of the potential impact of spoken language on social transition, especially in countries which have a wide linguistic diversity.
Adolescent male sexual behavior and consistent condom use in La Romana, Dominican Republic.
Baez P, Messina L, Halpern M … +1 more , Amesty S
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41849217 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To describe sexual behaviors and condom use among young males from La Romana, Dominican Republic. METHODS: We surveyed young males about their sexual behavior, recent sexual activity, and condom use. The cate...
OBJECTIVES: To describe sexual behaviors and condom use among young males from La Romana, Dominican Republic. METHODS: We surveyed young males about their sexual behavior, recent sexual activity, and condom use. The categories of self-reported condom use were: >90 %=consistent use; between 10 % and 89 %=inconsistent use; <10 %=never used condom. RESULTS: A total of 358 young males aged 15-24 years participated (median age 18.9 IQR 17-20); 84 % reported having had intercourse (median age at first sex 13.9 SD 2.5). Of the total, 178 (52 %) reported having sex in the past 30 days, of which 72 (45 %) reported consistent condom use. One-third reported always using condoms in the last 12 months and 121 (36 %) reported discussing contraception before having sex with their last sexual partner. Having sex in the past 30 days was associated with being married (p=0.03), dropping out of school, and having income in the past 12 months (<0.01 each), while consistent condom use was associated with younger age (p=0.05). The largest distribution of participants reporting consistent condom use in the past 30 days, past 12 months, and talking about contraception before having sex were participants whose mothers completed 11th grade (79 %, 60%, and 49 %). CONCLUSIONS: Our study presents young male's sexual behaviors similar to other countries in Latin America, emphasizing the importance of the mother's level of education in the patterns of sexual behavior among young males, and indicating possible topics for educational programs designed for Dominican male youth.
The cognitive-serotonergic interface of gaming: understanding how mobile game-play shapes the young adult brain.
Katiyar SS, Jain P, Mahajan AS … +2 more , Kaushik S, Kapoor M
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41843933 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: In recent years mobile gaming has become the preferred leisure activity especially among young adults. Although behavioural and cognitive effects of gaming have been widely examined, far less attention has be...
OBJECTIVES: In recent years mobile gaming has become the preferred leisure activity especially among young adults. Although behavioural and cognitive effects of gaming have been widely examined, far less attention has been given to its biochemical foundations - particularly the role of serotonin, a neurotransmitter crucial for impulse regulation, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. Therefore, in the present study we assessed and compared the cognitive performance and serum serotonin levels among gamers playing action mobile game (AMG) and puzzle mobile game (PMG) genres and also evaluated the predictive role of gaming characteristics on cognition and serum serotonin levels of mobile gamers. METHODS: 30 participants each, who played ≥5 h/week of respective mobile game genre in past 6 months were recruited into AMG and PMG group. 30 participants who had not played any genre of mobile-game for ≥1 h/week in past 6 months and are non-gamers (NG) were recruited as controls. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Cognitive functions were assessed using pen-paper version of trail making test (TMT), Stroop colour word test (SCWT), letter cancellation test (LCT) and Ruffs figural fluency test (RFFT). Auditory and visual reaction times were recorded with the help of audio-visual reaction timer. Serum serotonin levels were assessed by immunoassay. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis revealed a significant effect of gaming group on combined cognitive measures (Pillai's trace=0.657, (26,140)=2.63, p<0.001, =0.328). The action mobile gamers exhibited faster auditory reaction time (ART) compared to the puzzle gamers (p<0.05) as well as had significantly lower serum serotonin levels than both puzzle gamers as well as non-gamers (p<0.001). Regression analyses model showed that gaming characteristics like gaming frequency, duration, age of onset, and expertise, accounted for 22 % of variance in ART (p=0.017) and 66 % of variance in serum serotonin levels (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings illustrate a genre-specific effect of mobile gaming on cognitive-serotonergic profile among young adults. Results further demonstrate that both the type and intensity of gameplay contribute to cognitive and neurochemical outcomes. However, no statistically significant differences emerged across groups in broader executive-function tasks suggesting that mobile gaming is not a uniform cognitive stimulus; rather, its effects are selective, genre-dependent, and influenced by the intensity and duration of engagement, linking gameplay behaviour to both cognitive performance and peripheral neurochemical profiles.
From social media exposure to disordered eating: mechanisms, risks and protective factors in children and adolescents.
Kuş AB, Barutçu A
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41842834 · Publisher ↗
Social media (SM) has emerged as an important environmental context associated with children's and adolescents' eating behaviors, body image and psychological well-being, fueled by the proliferation of visual and appeara...
Social media (SM) has emerged as an important environmental context associated with children's and adolescents' eating behaviors, body image and psychological well-being, fueled by the proliferation of visual and appearance-focused content. Trends such as "thinspiration" and "fitspiration" have been widely linked to the internalization of unrealistic body ideals and higher levels of body dissatisfaction, particularly among adolescent girls. Concurrently, exposure to digital marketing of high-fat, sugar and salt (HFSS) foods has been associated with less healthy nutritional preferences and dietary norms among youth. This narrative review synthesizes recent evidence (2020-2025) to examine the association between SM exposure and disordered eating in children and adolescents, with a particular focus on underlying psychosocial, neurobiological and environmental mechanisms. Key mechanisms discussed include social comparison processes, appearance-related pressure, dopamine-mediated reward-reinforcement cycles and algorithm-driven amplification of appearance and food-related content. In addition to risk mechanisms, this review highlights protective factors that may mitigate adverse outcomes. Media literacy, supported by parental guidance and psychoeducation, emerges as a promising preventive framework capable of strengthening adolescents' digital resilience and reducing vulnerability to disordered eating behaviors. From a public health perspective, media literacy should be considered not only an individual skill but also a scalable preventive strategy integrated into educational and health promotion initiatives. Overall, SM represents a complex digital ecosystem that poses both risks and opportunities for youth health. Conceptual integration of behavioral, neurobiological and public health evidence underscores the need for multidisciplinary and preventive approaches to promote healthier digital engagement among children and adolescents.
An exploration of psychosocial aspects of the school-home food environment in addressing double and triple burden of malnutrition among adolescent girls.
Patimah S, Thamrin H, Yasin YK … +4 more , Nurhayati, Asmuni, Arundhana AI, Rachmat M
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41791801 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the psychosocial aspects [attitudes, awareness, motivation, and self-efficacy] of key actors in the adolescent food environment, including parents, school food vendors, and teacher...
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the psychosocial aspects [attitudes, awareness, motivation, and self-efficacy] of key actors in the adolescent food environment, including parents, school food vendors, and teachers. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using focus group discussions [FGDs], semi-structured interviews, and document reviews with 28 participants from four secondary schools in Majene District, West Sulawesi. Participants included guidance counsellors, school health program coordinators, school principals, food vendors, and parents of adolescent girls. Teachers, food vendors, and parents were selected through school principals' recommendations. Data were analyzed using thematic and narrative analysis. RESULTS: The findings indicate that collaborative attitudes, contextual awareness, multidimensional motivation [emotional and policy-related], and high self-efficacy among various actors play a significant role in addressing adolescent malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: This study concludes that psychosocial aspects [attitudes, awareness, motivation, and self-efficacy] are crucial in shaping supportive school and home food environment to address the dual-triple burden of malnutrition among adolescent girls. It recommends cross-sector collaboration among schools, families, food vendors, and government, strengthening nutrition education, healthy canteen regulations, and community empowerment through psychosocial approaches to supports adolescent health in a sustainable manner.
Mental and physical quality of life among patients with scoliosis in Jordan: a cross-sectional study.
Obeidat SM, Nazzal MS, Audat Z … +4 more , Ismael N, Mansi M, Hawamdeh M, Kanaan SF
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41791229 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Individuals with scoliosis may experience physical symptoms such as pain, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. They may also experience psychological symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem....
OBJECTIVES: Individuals with scoliosis may experience physical symptoms such as pain, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. They may also experience psychological symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Consequently, this leads to a decrease in their quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to assess the mental and physical QOL levels of individuals with scoliosis in Jordan and their associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 109 individuals with scoliosis. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire including the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODASS II), the Short Form (SF-12) Health Survey, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). RESULTS: Participation in low physical activity levels (β=-1.315, p=0.049), high WHODASS II overall score (β=-0.060, p<0.001), presence of ankle and foot pain (β=-1.905, p=0.002), and high DASS21-Depression score (β=-0.094, p=0.002) were associated with lower levels of the physical component of QOL. While high DASS21-Depression (β=-0.150, p=0.003) and DASS21-Stress score (β=-0.189, p=0.005), low DASS21-Anxiety score (β=0.122, p=0.001), presence of neck pain (β=-1.479, p=0.011), presence of hip pain (β=-1.378, p=0.022), and high WHODASS II overall score (β=-0.046, p=0.003) were significantly associated with the lower levels of the mental component of QOL. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that assessing quality of life (QOL) in individuals with scoliosis and screening its predictors can provide practical strategies to improve QOL. These strategies may include increasing physical activity, psychological counseling, and pain management.
Excessive screen time on posture, musculoskeletal pain, and quality of life in generation Z adolescents: a cross-sectional study with comparison between the sexes.
Lavarda do Nascimento G, Cardoso AS, Claudino GV … +4 more , da Silva Rangel G, Noll M, Faquin A, Sonza A
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41764664 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Excessive use of electronic devices can cause postural changes, pain, and negatively impact generation Z adolescents' quality of life (QoL). The goals of this study were to evaluate and compare between sexes...
OBJECTIVES: Excessive use of electronic devices can cause postural changes, pain, and negatively impact generation Z adolescents' quality of life (QoL). The goals of this study were to evaluate and compare between sexes the static posture, postural self-perception, screen time, musculoskeletal pain, and QoL in generation Z adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with adolescents. Postural analysis was conducted using the Software SAPo, self-reported posture, back pain, and screen time were assessed with the BackPei-CA, and QoL was evaluated using the Kidscreen-27 questionnaire. Statistical analyses included t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation, and adjusted logistic regression, with correction for multiple comparisons (p≤0.05). RESULTS: 408 adolescents were included (204 of each sex), with a mean age of 14.58 ± 1.98 years (males) and 14.56 ± 1.84 years (females). Postural assessment revealed head anteriorization and pelvic misalignment, with females showing greater head and pelvic angular deviations. No significant associations were found between cell phone use and cervical or pelvic alignment. Cell phones/tablets were the most frequently used devices, with higher daily use among females. Musculoskeletal pain was highly prevalent, particularly in the cervical and lumbar regions, and more frequent in females; however, cell phone use was not independently associated with musculoskeletal pain after adjustment. The total sample of adolescents has a good QoL. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents, especially females, showed head anteriorization and pelvic misalignments, high screen time, and self-perceived inadequate postural habits. Musculoskeletal pain was frequent and more prevalent among females, despite good quality of life. Screen time alone was not associated with postural changes or pain, indicating a multifactorial etiology.
Raising environmental awareness: evaluating microplastic education interventions in Jakarta's high schools.
Endarti AT, Anggarini IM, Sekarrini L
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Feb · PMID 41730020 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Microplastics have emerged as a growing environmental and public health concern, found in air, water, and food, with potential health impacts including respiratory, digestive, and endocrine disruption. Theref...
OBJECTIVES: Microplastics have emerged as a growing environmental and public health concern, found in air, water, and food, with potential health impacts including respiratory, digestive, and endocrine disruption. Therefore, the preventive effort needs to be amplified. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different microplastic education interventions, lecture-based education, peer group education, and infographic distribution, among high school students in DKI Jakarta. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was employed involving 334 students from six schools, with pre- and post-intervention assessments of knowledge and attitudes. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Kruskal-Wallis Test, followed by Dunn's post hoc test. RESULTS: Findings revealed that peer group and infographic interventions significantly improved knowledge scores, with the peer group showing the most substantial gains. However, lecture-based education did not yield significant improvement in knowledge. Attitude changes across all interventions were not statistically significant, although numerical improvements were observed, especially in the peer group. The Kruskal-Wallis test indicated significant differences in knowledge improvement across groups (p=0.0041), and Dunn's test confirmed a statistically significant difference between peer group and lecture-based education. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that interactive and peer-driven educational approaches may be more effective in enhancing students' understanding of microplastic pollution compared to traditional lectures. However, attitude change may require more prolonged or multifaceted interventions that integrate psychosocial and behavioral elements. Given the formative nature of adolescence and their potential as agents of environmental change, incorporating targeted and participatory education into school curricula is essential. These findings underscore the importance of using context-specific, engaging methods for environmental health education, contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 12 and SDG 13.
The association of sleep duration, wake-up time, and lifestyle habits with obesity in adolescents.
Turhan B, Büyükyılmaz G, Taş D … +2 more , Sungur MA, Boyraz M
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Feb · PMID 41701916 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Obesity is linked to excessive caloric intake, sleep behaviors, and the environment. Few studies explore the connection between wake-up time and obesity. This research aims to examine sleep patterns, timing,...
OBJECTIVES: Obesity is linked to excessive caloric intake, sleep behaviors, and the environment. Few studies explore the connection between wake-up time and obesity. This research aims to examine sleep patterns, timing, lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors associated with obesity among adolescents aged 15-17. METHODS: This cross-sectional study at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital's Pediatric Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic from December 2023 to November 2024 included 453 adolescents (217 normal weight, 236 obese) without comorbidities. Data on demographics, sleep patterns, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet were collected via face-to-face questionnaires. Obese participants were classified into Class 1 and Class 2-3 based on body mass index. RESULTS: Obese participants woke up significantly later on weekdays (p=0.001). While normal-weight adolescents often woke between 7:00 and 8:00 AM, more obese adolescents woke after 9:00 AM. They also slept for more than 9 h more often (p=0.002). Obese adolescents spent more than 3 h in sedentary activity (p=0.022). Those with Class 2-3 obesity who did not exercise and had prolonged sedentary time were more common. Bedtimes did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: A delayed morning wake-up time was significantly associated with obesity among adolescents. Sleep timing appears to be as relevant to metabolic health as sleep duration. Reduced physical activity coupled with increased sedentary behavior is associated with obesity. Therefore, advocating for improved sleep hygiene, fostering consistent physical activity routines, and implementing behavioral awareness training in adolescents should be regarded as essential elements of obesity prevention initiatives.
"It's a sin against God": understanding how Ghanaian adolescents frame suicide as sin, taboo, and crime.
Azasu EK, Lateef A, Zulu G … +5 more , Ali E, Obeng YA, Abubakar AT, Kpeklu S, Aidoo-Frimpong G
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Feb · PMID 41700340 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Suicide remains a significant public health concern among adolescents in Ghana, yet limited research exists on how young people conceptualize suicide within their cultural context. This study aimed to examine...
OBJECTIVES: Suicide remains a significant public health concern among adolescents in Ghana, yet limited research exists on how young people conceptualize suicide within their cultural context. This study aimed to examine how Ghanian high school students conceptualize suicide in relation to religious, cultural, and legal frameworks that shape their understanding. METHODS: This descriptive qualitative study was conducted as part of the 2024 Ghana Youth Mental Health Survey. Twenty junior high school students were purposively selected from rural, peri-urban, and urban schools across four major regions to ensure diverse representation. In-depth, semi-structured cognitive interviews were conducted in English. Data was analyzed using Braun and Clarke's approach, with multiple coders contributing to thematic development and refinement. RESULTS: Participants described suicide through four overlapping constructs: as a sin, taboo, mental health issue, and crime. Religious framings emphasized divine ownership of life, biblical teachings, and spiritual consequences. Cultural perspectives focused on shame, communal identity, and ancestral values. Others associated suicide with criminality and police involvement. Across interviews, students expressed coexisting views, drawing from diverse belief systems to explain suicide occurrence and treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Ghanaian adolescents do not conceptualize suicide in singular terms. Their understandings are shaped by the interplay of religious, cultural, psychological, and institutional narratives. Suicide prevention must be grounded in these lived meanings and avoid one-size-fits-all approach. Preventive strategies should engage religious leaders, affirm community values, reduce mental health stigma, and provide safe spaces for adolescents to alleviate distress. Addressing the nuanced logics adolescents draw upon is essential to designing interventions that resonate with their realities.
First appointment with a gynecologist in Poland.
Walewska Z, Suchońska B
Int J Adolesc Med Health · 2026 Feb · PMID 41620852 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: According to media reports, young women in Poland are not fully aware of the importance of regular gynecological examinations. The Expert Group of the Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians recomme...
OBJECTIVES: According to media reports, young women in Poland are not fully aware of the importance of regular gynecological examinations. The Expert Group of the Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians recommends that girls have their first visit between the ages of 12 and 15. These recommendations differ from the prevailing norms in Polish population. The purpose of this study was to determine the age of female patients and analyze their perceptions about their first visit. METHODS: An online survey was conducted among 970 women between the ages of 16 and 30 in February 2024. RESULTS: The number of 144 respondents (15 %) had never visited a gynecologist. The age range in this group was 16-27. The most common reason reported was fear and shame (72 %). In the second group of patients who had already had their first consultation, the average age at the first visit was 18. When asked about their choice of specialist, 42 % said their decision was influenced by their mother's experience, and additional 55 % preferred a female doctor. The main reason for the first visit was a health check (32 %). Most female respondents (47 %) had a positive experience. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirmed that young women attend their first gynecological consultation later than recommended.
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