J Med Food [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Effect of spp. Supplementation for Improving Muscle Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Im JY, Jung EJ, Lee JG … +3 more , Han BK, Hong JY, Kim YJ
J Med Food · 2025 Sep · PMID 40719617 · Publisher ↗
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the quantitative effects of probiotic supplementation on improving muscle health, including muscle mass, lean mass, and hand grip strength, compared with a placebo...
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the quantitative effects of probiotic supplementation on improving muscle health, including muscle mass, lean mass, and hand grip strength, compared with a placebo. Databases were searched from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library through January 2024. Researchers independently reviewed the studies using the quality assessment tool. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to clarify the statistical heterogeneity of the included studies. Funnel plots and Egger's test were used to assess the potential for publication bias in the meta-analysis. The overall estimates showed that muscle mass (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03, 0.55; = .03) and hand grip strength [SMD = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.09, 1.04; = .02] were significantly increased. However, lean mass was not significantly changed (SMD = -0.05; 95% CI = -0.20, 0.10; = .51). The subgroup studies demonstrated a significant size effect on muscle mass over 10 weeks of probiotic supplementation (SMD = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.98; = 78%; < .01). Moreover, the ethnicity subgroup comparison between Asian and non-Asian participants evaluating the effects of probiotic supplementation on muscle mass showed that Asian participants (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.69) exhibited statistically significant heterogeneity ( = 65%; < .01) compared with non-Asian participants. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism and evaluate the scientific evidence and clinical verification of probiotic supplementation. In conclusion, long-term probiotic supplementation with spp. improved muscle function, increasing muscle mass and hand grip strength, especially among Asian participants, showing greater muscle strength gains from probiotic supplementation.
Apiaceous Vegetables Attenuated Inflammation Markers and Enriched Gut in Mice Fed Western Diets.
Lee HS, Narvaez RM, Gallaher DD … +5 more , Chai J, Zhao J, Pan J, Kim JK, Trudo SP
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40711972 · Publisher ↗
Western-style diets are positively correlated with many chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, coronary artery disease, inflammatory disease, and colon cancer. Western-style diets are characterized by high consum...
Western-style diets are positively correlated with many chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, coronary artery disease, inflammatory disease, and colon cancer. Western-style diets are characterized by high consumption of protein, fat, sugar, salt, and low intake of fruits and vegetables. Here, we compared the effect of western-style diets (diet-induced obesity [DIO] and the Total Western Diet [TWD]) on colonic inflammation and gut microbiome, and the effects of supplementing apiaceous vegetables (API; celery and parsnip) to those diets. Mice were fed the western-style diets with or without API for 12 weeks; control mice were given the AIN-93G diet. TWD-induced inflammatory gene expression (, , , ), which was reversed by API supplementation. DIO promoted p65 phosphorylation, which was suppressed by API supplementation. In microbiome analyses, -diversity was increased by DIO but decreased by TWD, which were not restored by API. Both DIO and TWD showed distinct microbial structures, as indicated by Bray-Curtis and Jaccard -diversity indices, compared with AIN-93G, and were distinct from each other. API supplementation led to differentiation from the DIO and TWD, except for TWD in Jaccard. Random forest analysis identified altered key taxa: [] was DIO- and TWD-specifically increased taxa, which was decreased by API supplementation, and was enriched by API in both DIO and TWD. In conclusion, DIO and TWD both altered microbial composition in ways that could contribute to colonic inflammation. API may mitigate this inflammatory compositional shift through modulating bacterial abundance belonging to family when supplemented to both DIO and TWD.
Flower Extract Decreases Interleukin-6 Production by Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophages.
Gerold MD, Paske SM, Nell KM … +2 more , Gibbons Johnson RM, Nell BP
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40711949 · Publisher ↗
is a flowering plant used as an herbal remedy due to its anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we sought to test the anti-inflammatory properties of a methanolic flower crude extract and found that the extract de...
is a flowering plant used as an herbal remedy due to its anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we sought to test the anti-inflammatory properties of a methanolic flower crude extract and found that the extract decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-6 cytokine production by RAW 264.7 macrophages. We went on to characterize potential anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds present in the methanolic extract of flower using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and molecular networking analysis. In total, 183 compounds were putatively identified. These findings contribute to our knowledge of the anti-inflammatory medicinal properties and underlying chemistry of .
Human Breast Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enhance Osteoblast Activation via BMP2/MAPK Signaling Pathways.
Kwon JH, Jang H, Kim JS … +5 more , Lee SH, Kim DH, Cho YE, Park HS, Cho YE
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40711941 · Publisher ↗
Human breast milk-derived extracellular vesicles (HMEVs) have various physiological functions, including immune regulation, cell regeneration, and inflammation suppression, as well as potential therapeutic applications;...
Human breast milk-derived extracellular vesicles (HMEVs) have various physiological functions, including immune regulation, cell regeneration, and inflammation suppression, as well as potential therapeutic applications; however, research on the role of HMEVs in bone growth and bone remodeling is insufficient. This study examined the effects of extracellular vesicles derived from human breast milk on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization and elucidated their role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The study's results showed that HMEVs significantly enhance osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization, as confirmed by increased expression of proteins and genes related to bone formation. These effects are mediated via the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In other words, this study suggests that HMEVs may have a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis by promoting differentiation and mineralization of bone cells through the BMP2 and MAPK signaling pathways.
(Pierre) WW Sm. Extract Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulating Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation and .
Gu DH, Kim MJ, Fauziah AN … +1 more , Jung SK
J Med Food · 2025 Sep · PMID 40711755 · Publisher ↗
Acute lung injury (ALI), primarily triggered by bacterial infection, occurs via intricate immune defense mechanisms within the lungs. This study aimed to investigate the potential of (Pierre) WW Sm. extract (CSE) as an...
Acute lung injury (ALI), primarily triggered by bacterial infection, occurs via intricate immune defense mechanisms within the lungs. This study aimed to investigate the potential of (Pierre) WW Sm. extract (CSE) as an anti-inflammatory agent in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced C57BL/6 mouse ALI model and RAW 264.7 macrophages. Results showed that oral CSE administration significantly suppressed LPS-induced ALI symptoms, including hemorrhage in alveolar spaces, thickened alveolar walls, and inflammatory cell infiltration; it also inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs. Additionally, oral CSE administration attenuated the LPS-induced iNOS expression in mouse lungs. CSE also inhibited the LPS-induced nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in RAW 264.7 cells. DCF-DA assay confirmed that CSE could reduce the LPS-induced reactive oxygen species production. Our findings suggested that CSE may be useful as a functional respiratory health material by regulating the inflammatory signaling pathway in alveolar macrophages in ALI induced by bacterial infections.
Leaf Extract Ameliorates Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Regulating Inflammation.
Son HG, Lee JY, Kim H … +2 more , Cho YM, Lee YH
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40681320 · Publisher ↗
, a Rosaceae family plant, is cultivated in East Asia and possesses various biological activities. It has a long history of use in traditional medicine practices. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological...
, a Rosaceae family plant, is cultivated in East Asia and possesses various biological activities. It has a long history of use in traditional medicine practices. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological issue in aging men. Although its exact etiology remains unidentified, it is believed to be caused by a combination of factors such as aging, inflammation, and hormonal imbalance. This study examined the effects of leaf 50% ethanol extracts (EJE) on human prostate epithelial BPH-1 cells and a BPH rat model developed testosterone propionate (TP) injection. In BPH-1 cells, EJE treatment suppressed the proliferation of the cells in a dose-response relationship. In addition, mRNA expression levels of androgen receptor (AR), steroid 5 alpha-reductase type 2 (SRD5A2), and Bcl-2 were decreased, and Bax expression and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were increased by EJE treatment. In the experiment, castrated Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were orally administered EJE at the following doses: 50-200 mg/kg of body mass. EJE administration reduced prostate weight, prostate ratio, serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, and serum testosterone levels. It also decreased intraprostatic DHT levels and 5-reductase 2 expression. Histological analysis revealed a reduced epithelial thickness and increased lumen area in the EJE treatment group. Furthermore, the expression of AR, Bcl-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, IL-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in prostate tissues was lowered by EJE administration. In conclusion, EJE effectively alleviated benign prostatic hyperplasia, both in cells and in animal models, by regulating inflammation, suggesting it is a potential candidate as a functional ingredient for alleviating BPH.
Protective Effect of Açai Seed Extract ( Mart.) Combined with Exercise Training on Cardiovascular Alterations, Oxidative Stress, and Loss of Physical Performance in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.
de Oliveira BC, de Andrade Soares R, de Menezes MP … +7 more , Cavalheira MA, da Silva DLB, de Bem GF, Ognibene DT, da Costa CA, de Moura RS, Resende AC
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40681308 · Publisher ↗
Hypertension increases the risk of mortality from cardiovascular complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE), a polyphenol-rich Amazonian plant, and moderate exerci...
Hypertension increases the risk of mortality from cardiovascular complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE), a polyphenol-rich Amazonian plant, and moderate exercise training (TR), in combination or not, exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular structural and functional changes, oxidative stress, and loss of physical performance (PP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Five groups were assigned: Control (CT), SHR, SHR + ASE (200 mg/kg/day by gavage), SHR + TR, and SHR + TR + ASE. The TR was performed on a treadmill for 8 weeks (5×/week) for 30 min. Blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured. Vascular reactivity was evaluated in the mesenteric arterial bed (MAB) and aortic ring. Aorta samples were obtained for biochemical, immunohistochemical, and morphological assessments. Running distance and exercise time increased in SHR + TR compared with the first maximal stress test. This performance was lost in the third test but restored with ASE. Hypertension, aorta hypertrophy, reduced acetylcholine-induced vasodilation, phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) expression, oxidative damage (3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine), and superoxide dismutase activity were improved by ASE but not TR. ASE and TR alone improved endothelial dysfunction in MAB and fibrosis in the aorta. The lipid profile and glutathione peroxidase activity improvement were observed only in SHR + TR + ASE, and additional p-eNOS expression and anti-hypertrophy effect were observed. In conclusion, ASE was superior to TR as an antihypertensive strategy because it improved vascular endothelial dysfunction, hypertrophy, and oxidative stress in SHR. The association of both strategies further improves vascular hypertrophy, antioxidant defense, the loss of PP, and lipid profile, which may benefit hypertension-related cardiovascular risks.
Taurine Alleviates the Number of Nuclear Apoptotic Hepatocytes Induced by Cyclosporine A in Rat Liver.
Yehia MAH, Foud KM, El Sayed HA … +2 more , Mohamed HM, Attia AM
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40658033 · Publisher ↗
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a powerful immunosuppressant drug most widely used in managing organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of taurine in alleviating the apoptot...
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a powerful immunosuppressant drug most widely used in managing organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of taurine in alleviating the apoptotic hepatocytes and oxidative stress caused by CsA in rats' livers. The four experimental groups were evaluated, including (GpI) vehicle control (olive oil), (GpII) Tau (5 mg/kg/day), (GpIII) CsA (50 mg/kg/day), and (GpIV) CsA + Tau. The biochemical assay in liver functions and antioxidant enzymes was assayed, and the histopathology of hepatic tissue and immunohistochemical staining of apoptotic protein (p53) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) were determined. Induction of CsA in rats caused severe hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by the elevation of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities, and alkaline phosphatase concentration and decreased catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities. The histopathological examination revealed mild to marked disorganization in the liver tissue, characterized by hepatocyte degeneration/necrosis, apoptotic hepatocytes, sinusoidal dilatation, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Whereas Tau treatment improved the liver function enzymes and increased the oxidative stress by elevating the antioxidant enzyme CAT and glutathione reductase. There is recovery of destructive liver tissue preserved hepatic trabecular architecture; dark nuclei with prominent nucleoli, hepatocytes, and mild dilated sinusoids; small area of pyknotic hepatocytes have vacuolated cytoplasm was seen, and the number of apoptotic cells detected by TUNEL and p53 protein was significantly decreased ( = .001). The results may contribute to the hepatoprotective role of Tau and its ability to ameliorate the oxidative stress and alleviate the apoptotic hepatocytes induced by CsA. So, Tau may have had a beneficial role in reducing tissue damage in patients exposed to CsA.
Effect of Microencapsulated and Nonencapsulated Aronia Extract on Paraoxonase 1 Gene Expression and Aortic Histopathology in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.
Koç ST, Kök S, Atalay S … +1 more , Ersoy O
J Med Food · 2025 Sep · PMID 40645756 · Publisher ↗
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of microencapsulated and nonencapsulated aronia () extract on paraoxonase 1 (PON1) mRNA expression, HDL cholesterol, and aortic atherosclerosis in rat blood and liver ti...
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of microencapsulated and nonencapsulated aronia () extract on paraoxonase 1 (PON1) mRNA expression, HDL cholesterol, and aortic atherosclerosis in rat blood and liver tissues. The study involved 42 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 10 weeks. The experimental groups were as follows: (1) standard diet control (CON), (2) high-fat diet (HF) control, (3) HF + 400 mg/kg aronia extract (HF400E), (4) HF + 200 mg/kg aronia extract (HF200E), (5) HF + 400 mg/kg microencapsulated aronia (HF400C), and (6) HF + 200 mg/kg microencapsulated aronia (HF200C). The rats were fed a HF between the 10th and 20th week, and at the end of the 20th week, all groups except CON were administered aronia extract (200-400 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, biochemical analyses and aortic histology evaluations were performed. The results showed that the HF significantly increased serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein levels, and hepatic malondialdehyde levels. However, administration of HF400E significantly reduced these parameters in hyperlipidemic rats. Serum PON1 enzyme activity was significantly higher in the HF400E group compared with both the CON ( < .001) and HF ( < .0025) groups. Although PON1 mRNA levels in the HF400E, HF200E, and HF200C groups were higher than in the CON and HF groups, the differences were not statistically significant. Evaluation of the aortic tissues showed normal tissue morphology in all experimental groups, with no signs of atherosclerotic plaques, hyaline or mucoid changes, or endothelial anomalies in the thoracic or aortic arch tissues. These findings suggest that aronia, rich in anthocyanins and other polyphenolic compounds, may help prevent and slow down atherosclerosis by enhancing PON1 enzyme activity, which is involved in preventing lipid oxidation, the first step in atherosclerosis.
Fruit Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Hypertension, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Glucose-Induced Hypertensive Rats.
Younis W, Alamgeer A, Malik MNH … +9 more , Alsahli TG, Manzoor W, Majid M, Imran MZ, Razzaq MA, Garcia AAK, Lourenço ELB, Marques AAM, Gasparotto Junior A
J Med Food · 2025 Sep · PMID 40631996 · Publisher ↗
is a native species of Pakistan. Its fruits are locally consumed for the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, heart failure, and vascular insufficiency. Despite its traditional use, data...
is a native species of Pakistan. Its fruits are locally consumed for the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, heart failure, and vascular insufficiency. Despite its traditional use, data regarding its effectiveness remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of fruit extract on glucose-induced hypertensive rats. First, the aqueous-methanol extract (AMECS) was obtained and subjected to phytochemical characterization. The antioxidant and cytotoxic properties were investigated . Acute toxicity as well as screening for hypotensive effects was also evaluated. The cardioprotective effects were assessed in glucose-induced hypertensive rats after 21 days of treatment with AMECS (500 mg/kg single-daily oral dose). At the conclusion of the treatments, we investigated hemodynamic and biochemical parameters as well as endothelium-dependent vascular reactivity and tissue redox state. AMECS exhibited a significant antioxidant effect . In addition, no evidence of acute toxicity was observed. In glucose-induced hypertensive rats, AMECS prevented the increase in systolic blood pressure, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic alterations induced by glucose. The data obtained led us to conclude that the fruit extract of presents a significant cardioprotective effect in glucose-induced hypertensive rats.
Antidiabetic Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides.
Ozcaliskan Ilkay H, Samur G
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40607937 · Publisher ↗
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by progressive insulin secretion defect based on insulin resistance, is one of the leading public health problems with high morbidity and mortality rates. Uncontrolled hyper...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by progressive insulin secretion defect based on insulin resistance, is one of the leading public health problems with high morbidity and mortality rates. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, which becomes a more severe indication with obesity in T2DM patients, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and retinal disorder. Effective diabetes treatment is possible with a comprehensive approach that includes controlling blood glucose levels, improving pancreatic β cell functions, and supporting insulin sensitivity through body weight management, nutritional therapy, and drug therapy. At this point, food-derived bioactive peptides and protein hydrolysates, which draw attention with their structural similarity to regulatory peptides in human metabolism, have great potential in treating T2DM and regulating glucose metabolism. Various glucoregulatory properties of bioactive peptides come to the fore through antidiabetic mechanisms such as the digestion of carbohydrates, the release of intestinal hormones, insulin function and secretion, glucose uptake, and adipose tissue modification. This review aims to evaluate the roles of food-derived bioactive peptides and protein hydrolysates in controlling glycemia and insulin sensitivity and their antidiabetic mechanisms of action and to examine the difficulties and opportunities related to the acquisition and research processes.
Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Lutein and Zeaxanthin via a Self-Emulsifying Delivery System: A Randomized, Double-Blind Cross-Over Study.
Choe BS, C A, Mk P … +3 more , Kim J, Baek KS, Park YK
J Med Food · 2025 Aug · PMID 40601523 · Publisher ↗
This study was conducted to evaluate and verify the improved bioavailability, as determined by the plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin, of the test supplement, XanMax® 2002 plus LuZeAbility™, as compared to th...
This study was conducted to evaluate and verify the improved bioavailability, as determined by the plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin, of the test supplement, XanMax® 2002 plus LuZeAbility™, as compared to the reference supplement, XanMax® 2002. For this purpose, this study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, two-group, two-period cross-over clinical trial research. A total of 24 male subjects participated in the clinical trial. They were randomized 1:1 into group 1 or 2 to consume two types of supplements in two separate periods. This study aimed to propose and demonstrate that the bioavailability and the plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the test supplement were significantly higher (110-132.8%) than in the reference supplement in all consecutive periods, such as 12 to 72 h after intake and at the time of maximum concentration. These results are expected to strengthen macular pigment optical density levels, ultimately providing a safe and effective intervention for comprehensively promoting eye health. Therefore, the findings of this study have significant pharmacokinetic implications and offer valid theoretical and practical insights for both academic research and the industrial development in the supplement market.
Ketogenic Diet for Epilepsy: The Olive Oil Effect to Optimization. A Narrative Review.
Zouganeli S, Yannakoulia M, Attilakos A … +4 more , Fessatou S, Mitsou EK, Kyriacou A, Dinopoulos A
J Med Food · 2025 Sep · PMID 40601495 · Publisher ↗
The ketogenic diet (KD) has long been used in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy, demonstrating significant beneficial health effects. Various modifications of the KD have been introduced as alternatives to the cla...
The ketogenic diet (KD) has long been used in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy, demonstrating significant beneficial health effects. Various modifications of the KD have been introduced as alternatives to the classical, more restrictive form, aiming to improve patient's adherence while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. Among these adaptations, the Mediterranean ketogenic diet (MedKD) has been primarily implemented in populations in the Mediterranean region. The MedKD integrates elements of the traditional Mediterranean diet, with olive oil as the primary fat source, leveraging its unique properties. This narrative review examines the possible connections between olive oil and the mechanisms of KD, proposing the extra virgin olive oil-rich MedKD as a healthier option with the potential for reduced adverse effects.
Effects of Hydrolysate on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Mice.
Zheng J, Jung S, Ha JH … +1 more , Jeong Y
J Med Food · 2025 Aug · PMID 40586486 · Publisher ↗
(LM) is an edible insect recognized as a valuable source of high-quality proteins, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is often associated with...
(LM) is an edible insect recognized as a valuable source of high-quality proteins, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is often associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver along with low-grade chronic inflammation. In addition, chronic metabolic dysfunction and hepatic lipid toxicity can induce acute liver injury (ALI). This study investigated the protective effects of LM hydrolysate against MASLD and the related liver pathophysiology. Mice were fed a high-fat, high-fructose, and high-cholesterol diet to induce MASLD, whereas ALI was induced using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and d-galactosamine (Gal). LM hydrolysate reduced liver weight by decreasing hepatic ectopic fat accumulation and downregulating lipogenic gene expression in the liver. In addition, LM hydrolysate improved dyslipidemia by lowering the serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. LM hydrolysate also demonstrated hepatoprotective properties by reducing the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 while enhancing antioxidant capacity, thereby mitigating liver damage induced by LPS/Gal under MASLD-promoting conditions. Thus, LM hydrolysate significantly attenuated the pathological changes in the hepatic tissue. These findings suggest that LM hydrolysate has potential as a functional food or dietary supplement for managing MetS-related disorders and protecting against liver pathology.
Efficacy and Safety of MT104, A Dietary Supplement Based on Seeds and Heat-Killed Probiotics, on Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 12-Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
Kim BH, Kwon M, Yim SV … +8 more , Park JW, Lee CN, Chae SW, Choi JG, Park SC, Sohn MW, Choi SZ, Lee JS
J Med Food · 2025 Aug · PMID 40583505 · Publisher ↗
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents the symptomatic predementia stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To delay the progression of MCI to AD, appropriate interventions capable of modulating the microbiota-gut-brain (M...
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents the symptomatic predementia stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To delay the progression of MCI to AD, appropriate interventions capable of modulating the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis are necessary. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of MT104, a dietary supplement comprising seeds and heat-killed probiotics, based on the biological mechanisms regulating the MGB axis in patients with MCI. This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. All patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the MT104 or placebo group. Global cognition was assessed using the Korean-Montreal Cognitive Assessment (K-MoCA) and Korean-Mini Mental State Examination at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. The visuospatial function was assessed using the copying performance from the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT), and verbal and visual memory functions were evaluated using the Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT) and RCFT. Differences between groups were analyzed using either the -test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Analyses of covariance and ranked analysis of covariance were performed. The mean changes in verbal memory function, as measured by the SVLT delayed recall, showed clinically significant improvement in the MT104 group relative to the placebo group in the intention-to-treat and per-protocol groups. Global cognition, as measured using the K-MoCA, also significantly improved in the per-protocol group. In addition, no significant findings were identified. This study highlighted the potential of dietary therapeutic strategies focused on reducing the risk of progression from MCI to AD.
Anticancer Effects of the Polysaccharide Fraction of Bioprocessed Black Rice Bran Extract in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Cells and Radiotherapy-Resistant TNBC Cells by Inhibiting Interactions with Endothelial Cells and Inducing Natural Killer Cell Activity.
Nam NB, Ko YS, Won JY … +6 more , Nsanzimana V, Yun SP, Park SW, Kim SP, Lee GW, Kim HJ
J Med Food · 2025 Nov · PMID 40566938 · Publisher ↗
The tumor microenvironment, comprising elements such as endothelial cells (ECs) and immune cells, plays a critical role in cancer progression, therapy resistance, and metastasis. Adhesion of cancer cells to the endotheli...
The tumor microenvironment, comprising elements such as endothelial cells (ECs) and immune cells, plays a critical role in cancer progression, therapy resistance, and metastasis. Adhesion of cancer cells to the endothelium, their transendothelial migration, and immune evasion by cancer cells contribute to these processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of the polysaccharide-rich fraction derived from bioprocessed black rice bran extract (BRB-F-P) on the interaction between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and radiotherapy-resistant TNBC (RT-R-TNBC) cells with ECs, as well as on the cytolytic function of natural killer (NK) cells. BRB-F-P treatment did not affect the viability of ECs, TNBC, or RT-R-TNBC cells. However, BRB-F-P (50 and 100 µg/mL) significantly suppressed the clonogenicity of TNBC and RT-R-TNBC cells and attenuated ATP-induced expression of vascular adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and Vimentin, along with the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial cadherin in ECs. Additionally, BRB-F-P markedly reduced cancer cell adhesion to ECs and inhibited their ability to transmigrate through ECs. Interestingly, BRB-F-P increased NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against TNBC and RT-R-TNBC cells by inducing granzyme B release and downregulating human leukocyte antigen-E expression in target cancer cells. These results suggest that BRB-F-P exerts anticancer effects in TNBC and RT-R-TNBC by inhibiting interactions with ECs and inducing NK cell activity without cytotoxicity.
Turcz. Water Extract Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway.
Lee Y, Park J, Jun W
J Med Food · 2025 Nov · PMID 40552989 · Publisher ↗
Skeletal muscles, attached to bones via tendons, enable physical movement in animals. Muscle atrophy is associated with a decline in muscle mass and function and can detrimentally impact quality of life, leading to muscl...
Skeletal muscles, attached to bones via tendons, enable physical movement in animals. Muscle atrophy is associated with a decline in muscle mass and function and can detrimentally impact quality of life, leading to muscle weakness, altered fiber properties, and, ultimately, sarcopenia. Turcz. (Korean name: Han-Sok-Dan) has been used as a herbal medicine in Southeast Asia since ancient times. Although several studies have explored the properties of Han-Sok-Dan, further research is warranted to establish its therapeutic benefits for muscle function. This study investigated the effects of Turcz. water extract (PUW) in mice subjected to dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. Mice exhibiting dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy experienced weight loss, reduced muscle mass, and functional decline. However, PUW administration effectively reversed these effects by maintaining muscle mass and strength, decreasing protein degradation-related marker expression, and enhancing signaling for protein synthesis. Notably, phosphorylations of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 were significantly enhanced in the PUW group, indicating the activation of anabolic signaling. Overall, PUW alleviates muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone by modulating the balance between protein degradation and synthesis through regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mTOR pathway. These findings reveal the potential of PUW as a natural therapeutic agent for preventing or managing muscle wasting.
Ethanolic Extract of Atractylodis Rhizoma Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Improving Intestinal Barrier Function Through the Rho-Associated Kinase/Myosin Light Chain Pathway.
Gao Z, Huang P, Yu X … +8 more , Dong R, Lin Y, Tu J, Chen L, Cao Y, Liu Y, Yang D, Cao G
J Med Food · 2025 Jul · PMID 40552462 · Publisher ↗
The utilization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for disease treatment dates back thousands of years. Atractylodis rhizoma (AR) is recognized as a premier TCM and has effective therapeutic properties for gastrointes...
The utilization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for disease treatment dates back thousands of years. Atractylodis rhizoma (AR) is recognized as a premier TCM and has effective therapeutic properties for gastrointestinal disorders. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms by which the ethanolic extract of Atractylodis rhizoma (EEAR) addresses ulcerative colitis (UC) remain ambiguous. This study aimed to clarify the potential molecular mechanisms by which EEAR ameliorated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in mouse models and Caco-2 cells. EEAR exhibited significant therapeutic effects in UC mice, including decreasing symptoms and reducing inflammation. It also upregulated the expressions of tight junction (TJ) proteins, which enhanced UC intestinal mucosal barrier protection. In addition, EEAR inhibited the expressions of matrix metalloprotein (MMP)-2/9 proteins and inactivated the RhoA/ROCK (Rho-associated kinase)/MLC (myosin light chain) pathway in UC mice. Consistent with the results of experiments, EEAR significantly increased cell viability and improved the barrier disruption in DSS-induced Caco-2 cells. EEAR increased the expressions of TJ proteins, regulated F-actin cytoskeletal remodeling, and inhibited the expressions of MMP-2/9 proteins and the RhoA/ROCK/MLC pathway. EEAR significantly decreased intestinal pathological injury. Its potential mechanism was related to its inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK/MLC pathway, decreased activation of MMP-2/9, and increased expressions of TJ proteins, thereby regulating cytoskeleton remodeling.
Water Extract of L. Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity Through Its Antioxidant Property.
Song JH, Lee J, Lee SH … +5 more , Hwang JT, Kim MS, Myoung J, Lee S, Choi HK
J Med Food · 2025 Aug · PMID 40551413 · Publisher ↗
Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline-based anticancer drug, is commonly used to treat various cancers, but its prolonged use may lead to cardiotoxicity. Despite extensive research efforts, effective strategies for managin...
Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline-based anticancer drug, is commonly used to treat various cancers, but its prolonged use may lead to cardiotoxicity. Despite extensive research efforts, effective strategies for managing DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DICT) remain limited. This study investigated the DICT-inhibitory efficacy of the water extract of L. (AVE) and its underlying mechanism. AVE protected mouse cardiomyocytes, H9c2 cells, from DOX-induced toxicity while not interfering with DOX's cytotoxic effect on the MDA-MB-231 cells, human breast cancer cells. DOX-induced abnormal heart rate, RR interval, cQT prolongation, and segmentation were normalized following AVE supplementation. Also, AVE reduced the serum levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase and suppressed myocardial fibrosis and cell death by DICT in the AVE-fed mice group. Moreover, AVE was shown to restore DOX-induced impaired electrophysiological changes in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, including reduced total activity and decreased conduction velocity, while also normalizing the beat period irregularity and beat period mean. A total of 57 metabolites were tentatively identified in the AVE sample. Furthermore, PCR microarray and western blot analyses confirmed that AVE reversibly increased the expression of antioxidant-related genes and proteins. Altogether, the antioxidant properties of AVE could be utilized as a new strategy for preventing and treating DICT.
Anti-Obesity Effects of Fatdizol, a Blend of and , in 3T3-L1 Cells and Obese Mouse Models.
Kim J, Lee Y, Park SH … +5 more , Jang Y, Park J, Lee JK, Park SJ, Kwon Y
J Med Food · 2025 Oct · PMID 40548691 · Publisher ↗
This study explored the anti-obesity potential of Fatdizol, a blend composed of L. and , in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. High-performance liquid chromatography...
This study explored the anti-obesity potential of Fatdizol, a blend composed of L. and , in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of Fatdizol verified the presence of two key bioactive constituents, rosmarinic acid and 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), which are recognized for their anti-obesity effects. In vitro, the influence of Fatdizol on adipogenesis and lipogenesis was assessed through glycerol release assays, Oil Red O staining, and Western blotting. Fatdizol treatment notably reduced lipid accumulation and triglyceride content while enhancing glycerol release in differentiated adipocytes. In vivo, obesity was induced in C57BL/6J mice by administration of a 60% HFD, followed by oral supplementation with Fatdizol for 16 weeks. Various analyses, including micro-computed tomography imaging, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of plasma, adipose tissue, and feces, histological evaluation by hematoxylin and eosin staining of adipose tissues and liver, and western blot analysis, were conducted. Fatdizol administration significantly attenuated body weight gain, reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue mass, improved serum lipid profiles, and decreased both systemic WAT accumulation and lipid droplet size. Mechanistically, Fatdizol inhibited adipogenic and lipogenic protein expression, enhanced lipolytic pathways, stimulated energy metabolism, activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling axis, and promoted glucose metabolism. Collectively, these findings suggest that Fatdizol holds significant promise as a therapeutic agent for obesity management and may serve as a functional ingredient for health-promoting food development if its efficacy can be confirmed in human clinical trials.
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