Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
CHILDREN’S EATING BEHAVIOR QUESTIONNAIRE: FACTORIAL VALIDATION AND DIFFERENCES IN SEX AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL IN THAI SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN.
Sirirassamee T, Hunchangsith P
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634198
The purposes of this study were to test the validity of the Thai version Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and to describe the variation in eating style among school-age children. This school-based, cross s...
The purposes of this study were to test the validity of the Thai version Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and to describe the variation in eating style among school-age children. This school-based, cross sectional study was conducted in five primary public schools selected from Bangkok and the three regions of Thailand (North, Northeast, South). Six hundred and eighty students from the first and fourth grade classes were included in our study. The CEBQ was used to assess the eating styles among these children. Factor analysis revealed an eight-factor solution accounted for 57.1% of the total variance. Most of the scale items loaded as expected and their factor loadings were comparable to those obtained from the original study in England. The reliability coefficients are all within acceptable ranges (more than 0.7), with the exceptions of the subscales of ‘slowness in eating’ and ‘emotional under eating’ with the coefficients of 0.64 and 0.69, respectively. There were some significant differences in eating behaviors between sex and educational level. Boys scored higher on ‘enjoyment of food’ compared with girls (p<0.05), as well as on ‘desire to drink’ (p<0.05). Children in Grade 1 scored higher on ‘satiety responsiveness’ (p<0.001) and ‘slowness in eating’ (p<0.001) compared with those in Grade 4. This study supported the use of CEBQ as an appropriate tool for measuring the eating behaviors among Thai school-age children.
ASSOCIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND ADIPOSITY IN THAI SCHOOL CHILDREN: A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING APPROACH.
Wimonpeerapattana W, Rojroongwasinkul N, Boonpraderm A … +5 more , Thasanasuwan W, Senaprom S, Purttiponthanee S, Bragt MCE, Deurenberg P
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634197
This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine associations between environmental factors and indicators of adiposity. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional Southeast Asian Nutritional Survey of 1,161 Th...
This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine associations between environmental factors and indicators of adiposity. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional Southeast Asian Nutritional Survey of 1,161 Thai children aged 7.0-12.9 years who were recruited by multi-stage sampling. Standardized questionnaires provided data on socio-economic, health status, and physical activity, while a 24-hour dietary recall provided dietary intake data. SEM analysis show that socio-economic, health status, physical activity, and nutrient intake were not associated directly with adiposity, but their relationship with adiposity was via the environment. This analysis confirms many relationships between possible causal factors and adiposity, and it enables insight into the complex mechanisms leading to higher body fat. As such, it could serve as a working model to combat the increasing prevalence of obesity (excess body fat) affecting many countries.
ADIPOQ POLYMORPHISMS AMONG THAIS WITH PRE-DIABETES.
Chaikhiandee S, Phonrat B, Tungtrongchitr A … +4 more , Suriyaprom K, Chuengsamarn S, Uttamachai C, Tungtrongchitr R
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634196
Studies have shown that polymorphisms of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) are associated with risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no studies have investigated the association between genetic variants of...
Studies have shown that polymorphisms of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) are associated with risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no studies have investigated the association between genetic variants of ADIPOQ and pre-diabetes, a group at higher risk for developing T2DM. A total of 75 pre-diabetes and 130 normal subjects were recruited from volunteers in Bangkok, Thailand. Individuals with pre-diabetes were selected based on American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. Six ADIPOQ polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. ADIPOQ polymorphism rs266729 C>G is significantly associated with pre-diabetes (p = 0.006). CG/GG genotypes were found among 60% and 40% of pre-diabetes and normal subjects, respectively. SNP rs266729 C>G was associated with increased pre-diabetes risk (OR = 2.64; 95% CI: 1.18-5.89, p = 0.018). No significant differences were found between pre-diabetes and normal subjects for other ADIPOQ polymorphisms. However, haplotype analysis revealed that haplotype GGTAAT is significantly associated with pre-diabetes when compared with GCGAAC reference haplotype (OR = 22.31; 95% CI: 1.37-361.93, p = 0.03). Our data indicate that ADIPOQ rs266729 C>G polymorphism may contribute to the genetic risk of pre-diabetes and provide preliminary data useful in genetic screening for pre-diabetes among Thais.
ANEMIA AMONG LACTATING MOTHERS IN KOKANG, MYANMAR.
Zhao A, Cao S, Gao H … +3 more , Xiao Q, Win N, Zhang Y
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634195
Anemia is an important public health problem among lactating mothers in the developing countries. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anemia in lactating mothers in Kokang, Myanmar and its associated...
Anemia is an important public health problem among lactating mothers in the developing countries. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anemia in lactating mothers in Kokang, Myanmar and its associated risk factors. We conducted a cross sectional study of 65 lactating mothers during June-October 2014. Each participant filled out a questionnaire asking about diet, source of drinking water, health status, socioeconomic and demographic factors. Each participant was also evaluated anthropometrically and had blood taken to determine their hemoglobin and their iron, copper, zinc, calcium, and magnesium levels. The prevalence rate of anemia (hemoglobin 81-120 g/l) in study subjects was 73.8%, and 10.8% had severe anemia (hemoglobin ≤ 80 g/l). Factors of malnutrition (mid-upper arm circumference < 23.5 cm, p = 0.013), iron deficiency (serum iron concentration < 6.6 mmol/l, p = 0.008), and source of drinking water (p = 0.031) were related to anemia. Fifty-six point three percent of women with anemia had a low serum iron level. Anemia was common among study subjects in Kokang. Since a large portion of women in our study with anemia had a low serum iron level, we conclude the major cause of anemia in our study was iron deficiency.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANTIBIOTIC OPTIONS INDEX FOR ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE MONITORING.
Manomayitthikan T, Borlace GN, Kessomboon N
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634194
Using antibiogram data to indicate the overall antibiotic resistance of a pathogen is complicated by the multiple antibiotic susceptibilities reported in the antibiogram. The objectives of this study were to develop and...
Using antibiogram data to indicate the overall antibiotic resistance of a pathogen is complicated by the multiple antibiotic susceptibilities reported in the antibiogram. The objectives of this study were to develop and determine the benefits of an Antibiotic Options Index (AOI); an index that summarizes antibiotic susceptibility data for a pathogen by presenting it as the availability of antibiotic treatment options. The AOI was calculated using antibiogram data for the seven most commonly isolated pathogens from the National Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Center of Thailand between 1998 and 2014 and was classified as acceptable (AOI ≥ 0.8) or unacceptable (AOI < 0.8) based on the availability of treatment options. The AOI identified two problematic pathogens: Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For A. baumannii, the probability of having at least two viable antibiotic treatment options (AOIm2) decreased from an acceptable level (0.93) in 1998 to an unacceptable level (0.53) in 2014 and for MRSA the AOIm2 decreased from an acceptable level (0.82) in 1998 to an unacceptable level (0.47) in 2014. By including the idea that the problem with increasing antibiotic resistance is a problem with treating infections, the AOI effectively compiles susceptibility data to present it as the probability of having effective antibiotic treatment. This index is calculated from widely available antibiogram data, making it more suitable to be used to monitor antibiotic resistance at the hospital, provincial and national levels.
MULTILOCUS SEQUENCE TYPING OF BRUCELLA ISOLATES FROM THAILAND.
Chawjiraphan W, Sonthayanon P, Chanket P … +3 more , Benjathummarak S, Kerdsin A, Kalambhaheti T
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634193
Although brucellosis outbreaks in Thailand are rare, they cause abortions and infertility in animals, resulting in significant economic loss. Because Brucella spp display > 90% DNA homology, multilocus sequence typing (M...
Although brucellosis outbreaks in Thailand are rare, they cause abortions and infertility in animals, resulting in significant economic loss. Because Brucella spp display > 90% DNA homology, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was employed to categorize local Brucella isolates into sequence types (STs) and to determine their genetic relatedness. Brucella samples were isolated from vaginal secretion of cows and goats, and from blood cultures of infected individuals. Brucella species were determined by multiplex PCR of eight loci, in addition to MLST based on partial DNA sequences of nine house-keeping genes. MLST analysis of 36 isolates revealed 78 distinct novel allele types and 34 novel STs, while two isolates possessed the known ST8. Sequence alignments identified polymorphic sites in each allele, ranging from 2-6%, while overall genetic diversity was 3.6%. MLST analysis of the 36 Brucella isolates classified them into three species, namely, B. melitensis, B. abortus and B. suis, in agreement with multiplex PCR results. Genetic relatedness among ST members of B. melitensis and B. abortus determined by eBURST program revealed ST2 as founder of B. abortus isolates and ST8 the founder of B. melitensis isolates. ST 36, 41 and 50 of Thai Brucella isolates were identified as single locus variants of clonal cluster (CC) 8, while the majority of STs were diverse. The genetic diversity and relatedness identified using MLST revealed hitherto unexpected diversity among Thai Brucella isolates. Genetic classification of isolates could reveal the route of brucellosis transmission among humans and farm animals and also reveal their relationship with other isolates in the region and other parts of the world.
MULTIDRUG RESISTANT AND EXTENDED SPECTRUM b-LACTAMASE PRODUCING SALMONELLA ENTERICA ISOLATED FROM FOOD ANIMALS IN PHATTHALUNG, THAILAND.
Lertworapreecha M, Noomee S, Sutthimusik S … +2 more , Utarapichat B, Tontikapong K
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634192
This study investigated antimicrobial resistance profiles and genes of b-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica, isolates from animal feces and meat samples at small-scale rural farms in Phatthalung Province, Thailand....
This study investigated antimicrobial resistance profiles and genes of b-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica, isolates from animal feces and meat samples at small-scale rural farms in Phatthalung Province, Thailand. Of 40 isolates from swine feces 50%, 47%, 17%, 17%, and 15% were resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, respectively; of 29 isolates from chicken feces 33%, 27%, 7%, and 3% were resistant to streptomycin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, and ampicillin, respectively; and of 6 isolates from cattle feces 67% were resistant to sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline, and 33% resistant to ampicillin, nalidixic acid and streptomycin. Of the 23 isolates from chicken meat 96%, 96%, 78%, 73%, 61%, 30%, and 9% were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin, respectively; and of 31 isolates from pork meat 87%, 77%, 39%, 32%, 10% and 10% were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, and chloramphenicol, respectively. Three ampicillin-resistant isolates from swine feces carried the same extended-spectrum b-lactamase gene belonging to blaCTX-M group 1. The results of this study confirm the existence of ESBL in S. enterica isolated from food animals. Occurrence of an ESBL producing strain of S. enterica constitutes a public health threat through transmission of these strains to humans via contaminated food or transfer of antimicrobial resistant genes to human pathogens.
DETECTION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES IN SALIVA SAMPLES OF ASYMPTOMATIC PERSONS IN NORTHEAST THAILAND.
Tirapattanun A, Namwat W, Kanthawong S … +4 more , Wongboot W, Wongwajana S, Wongphutorn P, Chomvarin C
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634191
The aims of the study were to develop nested-PCR (targeting vacA and cagA), SYBR green quantitative PCR (targeting 16S rDNA) tests and compared them with indirect fluorescent-monoclonal antibody (IFA) method for determin...
The aims of the study were to develop nested-PCR (targeting vacA and cagA), SYBR green quantitative PCR (targeting 16S rDNA) tests and compared them with indirect fluorescent-monoclonal antibody (IFA) method for determination of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in 118 saliva samples from asymptomatic individuals in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Detection limit of both PCR-based assays was one cell. Prevalence of H. pylori in saliva samples was 55% based on the criterion of positivity of IFA test and one of the PCR-based methods or positivity of both PCR assays. Forty-nine percent of H. pylori detected carried cagA, encoding a cytotoxin associated with severe clinical outcomes. These results imply that the mouth may be an important reservoir for H. pylori, with nearly 50% of the virulent type that could possibly lead to gastroduodenal disease.
MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT AND RISK MITIGATION OF INDIAN ROJAK (DEEP FRIED READYTO-EAT FOOD) IN SINGAPORE.
Aung KT, Lo JACY, Chau ML … +5 more , Kang JSL, Yap HM, Gutiérrez RA, Yuk HG, Ng LC
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634190
We conducted a microbiological assessment of Indian Rojak, a popular deep fried food in Singapore to evaluate its overall microbial quality, assess the effectiveness of reheating and identify key food items that could co...
We conducted a microbiological assessment of Indian Rojak, a popular deep fried food in Singapore to evaluate its overall microbial quality, assess the effectiveness of reheating and identify key food items that could contribute to the microbial load of the dish. In 2009, an outbreak of foodborne illness associated with this food led to 154 reported cases of acute gastroenteritis, 48 were hospitalized and 2 died. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from the patients. We evaluated 455 Indian Rojak ingredients from 35 stalls; no Salmonella spp, Vibrio cholerae/parahaemolyticus or Escherichia coli O157:H7 were recovered from the studied samples. The reheating by the food handlers significantly reduced the overall median Standard Plate Count (SPC) of food from 4.5 to 2.7 log colony forming units (CFU)/g (p<0.05). The cooked ingredients with the highest microbial loads were tofu and fish cake, with those purchased from wet markets having significantly higher bacterial loads than those purchased from supermarkets (p<0.05). The Rojak gravy had the lowest median bacterial load (1.9 log CFU/g). Raw, ready-to-eat vegetables, namely green chillis, cucumbers and onions had higher levels ranging from 5.9 to 6.1 log CFU/g. Contamination with E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus was seen with some of the ready-to-eat raw vegetables. Repeated education of food handlers with emphasis on good hygiene practices should be conducted to reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.
CHARACTERIZATION OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE ISOLATED FROM DIARRHEAL PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY-CARE HOSPITAL, KARNATAKA, SOUTH INDIA.
Rituparna C, Mamatha B, Mukhyaprana PM … +3 more , Manjunatha HH, Gururaja PP, Thandavarayan R
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634189
Increase in Clostridium difficile infection in tertiary-care hospitals in Karnataka, South India with a paucity of data on antibiotic susceptibility and genetic characteristics of the pathogen from this region of the cou...
Increase in Clostridium difficile infection in tertiary-care hospitals in Karnataka, South India with a paucity of data on antibiotic susceptibility and genetic characteristics of the pathogen from this region of the country necessitated this study. From April 2012 to December 2014, 480 hospitalized antibiotic-associated diarrhea cases with a history of antibiotic treatment in the previous three weeks were enrolled. Sixteen percent of the samples were positive for C. difficile toxins A and B by rapid enzyme immunoassay, anaerobic culture and multiplex PCR. In 40 representative strains, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined by E-test revealed that 39 strains were resistant to imipenem and moxifloxacin (MIC > 32 μg/ml), 38 to clindamycin (MIC > 256 μg/ml) and 19 to tetracycline (MIC > 4 μg/ml), while all 40 strains were susceptible to ampicillin (MIC < 2 μg/ml), ampicillin sulbactam (MIC < 8 μg/ml), metronidazole (MIC < 8 μg/ml) and vancomycin group (MIC < 2 μg/ml). Pulsed field gel-electrophoresis (PFGE) of 13 representative strains grouped them into three clusters: cluster A consisting of two strains having > 65% similarity, cluster B of 6 strains with 100% similarity (considered clonal) and 3 strains with > 85% similarity, and cluster C of 2 strains with 50% similarity. Clusters A and C contained unrelated strains having different antibiograms. Periodic monitoring of resistance profiles with epidemiological typing by PFGE should aid in interpretation of emerging drug resistant C. difficile clones.
TREATMENT OUTCOMES AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS IN THAILAND.
Satung J, Kaewkungwal J, Silachamroon U … +4 more , Pokaew P, Rattanajiamrangsree S, Kasetjareon Y, Lawpoolsri S
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634188
Tuberculosis (TB) is common in Thailand and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing. We conducted this study to determine the impact of DM on the outcome of pulmonary TB treatment in northern Thailand by r...
Tuberculosis (TB) is common in Thailand and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing. We conducted this study to determine the impact of DM on the outcome of pulmonary TB treatment in northern Thailand by retrospectively reviewing TB registry data. Data for all pulmonary TB patients being treated at 95 TB clinics in eight provinces from northern Thailand during January 2010-December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. TB treatment outcomes were assessed by sputum tests at 2 months and 6 months after starting treatment, and the overall success rate at the end of the treatment course was determined. Factors associated with treatment outcome were evaluated. A total of 7,807 new pulmonary TB patients were included in the analysis. Among those, 555 (7%) had history of diabetes. At 2-month after the intensive phase treatment, a negative sputum result was found in 85% of all tested patients. The proportion of negative sputum at 2-month was similar in both TB with and without DM (85%). The overall treatment success rate was 77%. TB treatment outcomes were not significantly different between TB patients with DM (84%) and without DM (77%). In conclusion, having DM did not affect the TB treatment outcome in the studied population. More detailed studies of TB treatment outcome and level of DM control are underway.
RISK FACTORS FOR LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AMONG HEALTH-CARE WORKERS IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND.
Nonghanphithak D, Reechaipichitkul W, Chaiyasung T … +1 more , Faksri K
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634186
Health-care workers (HCWs) are a high-risk population for acquiring Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Understanding the risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) could provide information to facilitate an...
Health-care workers (HCWs) are a high-risk population for acquiring Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Understanding the risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) could provide information to facilitate an appropriate tuberculosis (TB) control program. We aimed to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for LTBI among HCWs in northeastern Thailand. Between 1 November 2013 and 30 September 2015, we examined 112 HCWs at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen Province in northeastern Thailand using the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) assay. Twenty-one [18.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 11.5- 26.0%] HCWs had a positive QFT result — all of whom were determined to have LTBI. The exposure risks and demographic data obtained from a questionnaire were compared between the 21 subjects who had a positive QFT assay and the 91 subjects who had a negative QFT assay. Multivariate analysis showed factors significantly associated with a positive QFT assay were: age ≥30 years (OR=18.88; 95%CI: 1.52-234.36), having worked as a nurse (OR=2.78; 95%CI: 1.19-6.49), having been employed at that job for ≥10 years (OR=8.78; 95%CI: 1.26-61.29) and having been exposed to known TB patients (OR=13.32: 95%CI: 1.61-110.04). Appropriate guidelines need to be developed, especially for these at-risk workers to prevent LTBI. These high-risk workers should also be considered for regular TB screening.
TRENDS IN THE PREVALENCE OF SYPHILIS AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN SHANDONG, CHINA.
Liu D, Yang Y, Xiu C … +3 more , Li Z, Chu T, Tian H
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634185
The epidemiology of syphilis among older adults in China has not been well studied. We studied changes over time in the prevalence of syphilis among older adults in Shandong, China to inform a syphilis intervention progr...
The epidemiology of syphilis among older adults in China has not been well studied. We studied changes over time in the prevalence of syphilis among older adults in Shandong, China to inform a syphilis intervention program in order to develop management strategies. We retrospectively reviewed passive surveillance data of syphilis among older adults in Shandong, China during 2008-2013, reported by clinicians in medical facilities. The data included the stage of syphilis, age of patient and gender by year. The prevalences for first, second, latent and overall syphilis by age among adults aged ≥60 years in Shandong were 0.92, 0.70, 2.37 and 3.92 cases per 100,000 population in 2008 and 2.66, 1.99, 9.11 and 13.95 cases per 100,000 population in 2013; giving average yearly increases of 23.66%, 23.24%, 30.90% and 28.90%, respectively. The reported overall prevalence of syphilis among those aged ≥80 years was greater than the general population (8.25 vs 4.38 cases per 100,000 population in 2008; 21.99 vs 13.95 cases per 100,000 population in 2013). The prevalence of syphilis is increasing in the study population. Age appropriate interventions are needed to reduce the prevalence of syphilis in the study population.
WILLINGNESS TO PAY, QUALITY OF LIFE, AND KNOWLEDGE ON HERPES ZOSTER AMONG THAI PATIENTS PRIOR ZOSTER VACCINE ERA.
Chayangsu O, Jiamton S, Leeyaphan C … +3 more , Prasertworonun N, Omcharoen V, Kulthanan K
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634184
Herpes zoster is a devastating condition affecting patients’ wellbeing. Policy on zoster vaccine in developing countries needs more data on the disease burden. This study was designed to assess willingness to pay, qualit...
Herpes zoster is a devastating condition affecting patients’ wellbeing. Policy on zoster vaccine in developing countries needs more data on the disease burden. This study was designed to assess willingness to pay, quality of life, and the patients’ knowledge on herpes zoster disease. All of the patients were asked to complete questionnaires about the willingness to pay for zoster treatment using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaires in Thai version and basic knowledge about herpes zoster. The demographic and clinical data were all recorded. Eighty-two from one hundred and eighteen patients in this study were female (69.5%), and the mean (SD) age was 57.6 (14.9) years. The median of their willingness to pay for zoster treatment was THB500 (range of THB50-10,000) or only 4.2% of median income per month. The mean of total DLQI score (SD) was 10.7 (6.2), which indicated moderate to severe impact on quality of life. From multiple linear regression analysis, three factors were related to inferior patients’ quality of life including facial involvement (regression coefficients, b=4.789, p=0.001), presence of zoster complications (b=5.018, p=0.001) and advanced pain score (b=0.883, p<0.001). Moreover, more than half of them still had mistaken knowledge about the disease.
SALMONELLA SEPTIC BURSITIS OF THE ANKLE IN A HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENT: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW.
Hiransuthikul A, Hiransuthikul N
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634182
Salmonella is an unusual cause of septic bursitis of the ankle. A 48-yearold male fish-merchant with a history of HIV infection with a CD4 cell count of 79 cells/ml presented with pain of the left ankle for 2 weeks and f...
Salmonella is an unusual cause of septic bursitis of the ankle. A 48-yearold male fish-merchant with a history of HIV infection with a CD4 cell count of 79 cells/ml presented with pain of the left ankle for 2 weeks and fever for 1 day. The bursal fluid was aspirated and culture of the fluid revealed Salmonella group D. He was treated initially with intravenous ceftriaxone 2g once daily for 5 days, followed by oral ciprofloxacin 500mg twice daily for 4 weeks to give a treatment course of 5 weeks. Follow-up visit revealed complete recovery without any residual defects. Salmonella should be considered in the differential of the etiology of immunosuppressed patient with septic bursitis.
ASSESSING THE COST BURDEN OF DENGUE INFECTION TO HOUSEHOLDS IN SEREMBAN, MALAYSIA.
Mia MS, Begum RA, Er AC … +1 more , Pereira JJ
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634177
Dengue is endemic in all parts of Malaysia. However, there is limited data regarding the cost burden of this disease at household level. We aimed to examine the cost of dengue infection at the household level in Seremban...
Dengue is endemic in all parts of Malaysia. However, there is limited data regarding the cost burden of this disease at household level. We aimed to examine the cost of dengue infection at the household level in Seremban District, Malaysia. This cost assessment can provide an insight to policy-makers about economic impact of dengue infection in order to guide and prioritize control strategies. The data were collected via interview. We evaluated120 previous dengue infection patients registered at the Tuanku Ja’afar Hospital, Seremban District, Malaysia. The average duration of dengue illness was 9.69 days. The average household days lost was 18.7; students lost an average of 6.3 days of school and patients and caregivers lost an average of 12.5 days of work. The mean total cost per case of dengue infection was estimated to be USD365.16 with the indirect cost being USD327.90 (89.8% of the total cost) and the direct cost being USD37.26 (10.2% of the total cost). Our findings suggest each episode of dengue infection imposes a significant financial burden at the household level in Seremban District, Malaysia; most of the burden being indirect cost. This cost needs to be factored into the overall cost to society of dengue infection. This data can inform policy makers when allocating resources to manage public health problems in Malaysia.
PREVLENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR OPISTHORCHIS VIVERRINI INFECTION AMONG CATS AND DOGS IN SIX DISTRICTS SURROUNDING THE UBOLRATANA DAM, AN ENDEMIC AREA FOR HUMAN OPISTHORCHIASIS IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND.
Aunpromma S, Kanjampa P, Papirom P … +8 more , Tangkawattana S, Tangkawattana P, Tesana S, Boonmars T, Suwannatrai A, Uopsai S, Sukon P, Sripa B
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634175
Opisthorchis viverrini is a zoonotic liver fluke that causes opisthorchiasis among humans in endemic areas, such as northeastern Thailand. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for...
Opisthorchis viverrini is a zoonotic liver fluke that causes opisthorchiasis among humans in endemic areas, such as northeastern Thailand. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for O. viverrini infection among cats and dogs in six districts surrounding Ubolratana Dam. Fecal samples of 1,018 dogs and 249 cats were collected between 2008 and 2013 to examine for O. viverrini infection using a modified formalin-ether concentration technique. The prevalence of O. viverrini infection among cats (77 of 249, 30.92%) was higher than dogs (2 of 1,018, 0.20%). Age and the eating habits of cats were associated with O. viverrini infection. Cats aged >3 years were more likely than those aged <1 year [Odds ratio (OR)=2.96; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.01- 8.35; p = 0.044] of being infected. Cats that consumed raw fish were significantly more likely to be infected than those that consumed other foods (OR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.05-3.16; p = 0.032). Cats had a higher prevalence of O. viverrini infection than dogs and may play an important role in the transmission and maintenance of this disease in the study area.
EFFECTS OF SUGAR CONCENTRATION ON FECUNDITY, BITING BEHAVIOR AND SURVIVABILITY OF FEMALE AEDES (STEGOMYIA) ALBOPICTUS (SKUSE).
Aiman M, Kassim NFA, Jong ZW … +1 more , Webb CE
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634162
This study was conducted to better understand the effect of different sucrose concentrations on Aedes albopictus fecundity, biting behavior and survival. Laboratory strain Ae. albopictus females were raised at four diffe...
This study was conducted to better understand the effect of different sucrose concentrations on Aedes albopictus fecundity, biting behavior and survival. Laboratory strain Ae. albopictus females were raised at four different sucrose concentrations (10%, 30%, 50%, and 70%) and their fecundity, host biting on and survival rates were determined. Mosquitoes fed on high (50% or 70%) showed higher mean fecundity rate compared to those on low (10% or 30%) sucrose concentration, and had higher daily biting rate. On the other hand, mosquitoes fed on the low (10% or 30%) sucrose concentrations recorded higher survival rate. These results suggest female mosquitoes deficient in nutrient intake during sugar feeding may regain nutrients needed during blood feeding, whereas those fed on high sucrose concentration have high fecundity due to high biting rate but have low survivability due to low sucrose intake during sugar feeding. Thus, Ae. albopictus females have a capability to regulate their metabolic needs based on sugar nutrient availability.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PREVALENCE OF ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES INFECTION AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN A PLANTATION COMMUNITY, KANDY DISTRICT, SRI LANKA.
Galgamuwa L, Iddawela D, Dharmaratne SD
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634161
Plantation living conditions in Sri Lanka are often poor. Ascaris lumbricoides infections are common among those living in plantations. We conducted a cross sectional study of children aged 1 - 6 years living on a planta...
Plantation living conditions in Sri Lanka are often poor. Ascaris lumbricoides infections are common among those living in plantations. We conducted a cross sectional study of children aged 1 - 6 years living on a plantation to determine the prevalence of ascariasis and factors associated with it in order to educate on prevention and to implement treatment programs. A total of 258 preschool children selected using a simple random sampling was included in the study conducted during January - April, 2013. Data regarding socio-demographic and hygienic habits were collected from heads of households via an interviewer administered structured questionnaire. Wet mount preparation, formaldehyde-ether sedimentation and Kato-Katz techniques were used to evaluate stool samples for Ascaris eggs. The overall prevalence of Ascaris infection among study subjects was 37.8%. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors significantly associated with Ascaris infections were: living in attached houses (p=0.035), shared toilet facilities (p=0.001), de-worming period more than three months (p<0.001), maternal education level (p<0.001) and living in the “Top” government administrative division (p=0.028) in the study area. Poor sanitation facilities and poor health education were important factors associated with Ascaris infections. A health education program promoting improved sanitary facilities and good hygiene is needed to reduce the prevalence of Ascaris infection in the study population.
OCCURRENCE AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF GRA6 AND SAG2 FROM TOXOPLASMA GONDII OOCYSTS IN CAT FECES, KUNMING, CHINA.
Liang Y, Chen J, Meng Y … +3 more , Zou F, Hu J, Esch GW
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2016 Nov · PMID 29634160
Toxoplasma gondii-like oocysts were detected in 4% of cat feces using light microscopy in Kunming, China. Amplicon was generated from these oocysts using a T. gondii- but not Hammondia hammondi-specific primer set. Cat a...
Toxoplasma gondii-like oocysts were detected in 4% of cat feces using light microscopy in Kunming, China. Amplicon was generated from these oocysts using a T. gondii- but not Hammondia hammondi-specific primer set. Cat and KM mouse were susceptible to infection by these T. gondii-like oocysts. Tissue cysts were found in the brain of the experimentally infected animals and were infective to mouse, indicating that the T. gondii-like oocysts isolated from naturally infected cats had a facultative secondary host life cycle. Comparison of GRA6 and SAG2 sequences with those of reference strains indicated that the cat-derived T. gondii (KM isolate) were typical of T. gondii genotype II. This is the first report of isolation, identification, and genotyping of T. gondii from feline feces in China. The occurrence of oocyst shedding in the cat population studied was higher than that found in most cat populations world-wide, which strongly implies the need for further studies of population genetic structure of T. gondii, as well as for prevention and control of T. gondii infection in cats in China.
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