Curr Drug Deliv [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Reduction-Responsive Polyprodrug Nanoplatform Based on Curcumin for Tumor-Targeted Therapy.
Zhang Z, Tian J, Xu X … +3 more , Shi W, Qi Y, Liu Z
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 39051588 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Polymer prodrug nanoparticles have become an emerging drug delivery system in cancer therapy due to their high drug loading. However, their poor drug release and lack of tumor cell targeting limit their cli...
INTRODUCTION: Polymer prodrug nanoparticles have become an emerging drug delivery system in cancer therapy due to their high drug loading. However, their poor drug release and lack of tumor cell targeting limit their clinical application. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to prepare targeted and reduction-reactive polyprodrug nanocarriers based on curcumin (CUR) for co-delivery of doxorubicin (DOX), labeled as DOX/HAPCS NPs, and to investigate their anticancer activity. METHODS: The polymer was synthesized and characterized by chemical method. The drug loading and drug release behavior of DOX and CUR in polymer nanoparticles were determined. Moreover, the antitumor effects of polymer nanoparticles were evaluated using an MTT experiment and tumor inhibition experiment, and the synergistic effect of co-delivered DOX and CUR was explored. RESULTS: The particle size of DOX/HAPCS NPs was 152.5nm, and the potential was about -26.74 mV. The drug loading capacity of DOX and CUR was about 7.56% and 34.75%, respectively, indicating high drug loading capacity and good stability. DOX and CUR released over 90% within 24 hours in the tumor environment. Compared with free DOX, DOX/HAPCS NPs demonstrated significantly enhanced cell and tumor inhibitory effects (P<0.05) in vivo and in vitro and changed drug distribution to avoid toxic side effects on normal tissues. The combined index showed that DOX and CUR showed synergistic anticancer effects at a set ratio. CONCLUSION: The prepared reduction-responsive targeted polymer nanomedical DOX/HAPCS NPs exhibited a synergistic anti-cancer effect, with high drug loading capacity and the ability to release drugs in proportion, making it a promising polymer nanoparticle drug delivery system.
Ginger Extract-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: Investigating their Impact on Lipid Metabolism and Obesity in a Rat Model through and Analysis.
Gao R, Fan Q, Rohani S
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 39034721 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Obesity has become a pressing global health crisis, reaching alarming proportions and bearing significant consequences for public health on a global scale. AIM: In this research, chitosan nanoparticles were...
INTRODUCTION: Obesity has become a pressing global health crisis, reaching alarming proportions and bearing significant consequences for public health on a global scale. AIM: In this research, chitosan nanoparticles were employed to encapsulate ginger extract, and the impact of this formulation on lipid metabolism and obesity was investigated using a rat model. METHODS: experiments, encompassing assessments of cell viability, microstructure, anti-inflammatory activity, and release dynamics, were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the nanoformulation. The study extended to examining the potential anti-obesity efficacy of the developed nanoformulation in rats induced with obesity through a high-fat diet. RESULTS: In vitro findings affirmed the safety of the carriers and revealed their robust anti-inflammatory properties. The average particle size for ginger-loaded and ginger-free chitosan nanoparticles was measured to be 458.92 ± 139.35 nm and 466.29 ± 142.71 nm, respectively. The in vivo investigation demonstrated the dose-dependent effects of ginger extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, manifesting in a reduction of obesity and improvement in liver function. CONCLUSION: These promising results suggest that the developed nanoformulation could be considered a viable therapeutic option for individuals struggling with obesity.
Microneedles: An Efficient Technique to Increase Transdermal Drug Delivery System.
Roy SK, Ali KA, Biswas M … +3 more , Dey A, Bishal A, Kuiry A
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 39034720 · Publisher ↗
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) have gained attention as a viable substitute for traditional drug administration methods because of their controlled release capabilities and non-invasive design. Microneedles are...
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) have gained attention as a viable substitute for traditional drug administration methods because of their controlled release capabilities and non-invasive design. Microneedles are a new and effective technology that has attracted a lot of attention recently to enhance the capabilities of TDDS further. The study on microneedles and their potential to improve transdermal medication delivery is thoroughly reviewed in this review article. The study initiates by clarifying the difficulties linked to traditional medication delivery techniques and the benefits provided by transdermal channels. The article then explores the development of microneedle technology, outlining the several kinds of microneedles-solid, hollow, and dissolving-as well as their uses. Because of their special capacity to penetrate the skin's protective layer painlessly and their ability to distribute drugs precisely and accurately, microneedles are a highly useful instrument in pharmaceutical research. The materials, geometry, and manufacturing processes that affect the design and creation of microneedles are critically analyzed and presented. The manuscript delves into the latest developments in microneedle technology, encompassing the utilization of biodegradable polymers, smart materials, and sensing components for in-the-moment monitoring. This analysis concludes by highlighting the noteworthy advancements in the field of microneedles and their potential to transform transdermal drug delivery systems. This thorough knowledge seeks to further the current discussion in pharmaceutical research, encouraging creativity and opening the door for the creation of safer, more effective drug delivery systems.
Amlodipine Ocular Delivery Restores Ferning Patterns and Reduces Intensity of Glycosylated Peak of Carrageenan-Induced Tear Fluid: An Flexible Docking with IL-β1.
Nanda A, Sahoo RN, Gour M … +4 more , Swain SK, Das D, Nayak AK, Mallick S
Curr Drug Deliv · 2024 · PMID 39034716 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The tear ferning test can be an easy clinical procedure for the evaluation and characterization of the ocular tear film. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the restoration of tear ferning p...
BACKGROUND: The tear ferning test can be an easy clinical procedure for the evaluation and characterization of the ocular tear film. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the restoration of tear ferning patterns and reduction of glycosylation peak after amlodipine application in carrageenan-induced conjunctivitis. METHODS: At the rabbit's upper palpebral region, carrageenan was injected for cytokine-mediated conjunctivitis. Ferning pattern and glycosylation of the tear fluid were characterized using various instrumental analyses. The effect of amlodipine was also examined after ocular instillation and flexible docking studies. RESULTS: Optical microscopy showed a disrupted ferning of the tear collected from the inflamed eye. FTIR of the induced tear fluid exhibited peaks within 1000-1200 cm, which might be due to the protein glycosylation absent in the normal tear spectrogram. The glycosylation peak reduced significantly in the tear sample collected from the amlodipine-treated group. Corresponding energy dispersive analysis showed the presence of sulphur, indicating protein leakage from the lacrimal gland in the induced group. The disappearance of sulphur from the treated group indicated its remedial effect. The flexible docking studies revealed a stronger binding mode of amlodipine with Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The reduction in the intensity of the glycosylated peak and the restoration offering are probably due to suppression of IL-1β. CONCLUSION: This study may be helpful in obtaining primary information for drug discovery to be effective against IL-1β and proving tear fluid as a novel diagnostic biomarker.
Mechanism of Action and Related Natural Regulators of Nrf2 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Yu W, Zhang F, Meng D … +6 more , Zhang X, Feng Y, Yin G, Liang P, Chen S, Liu H
Curr Drug Deliv · 2024 · PMID 39034715 · Publisher ↗
With the acceleration of people's pace of life, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which greatly threatens people's health and safety. Therefore, ther...
With the acceleration of people's pace of life, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which greatly threatens people's health and safety. Therefore, there is still an urgent need for higher-quality research and treatment in this area. Nuclear factor Red-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), as a key transcription factor in the regulation of oxidative stress, plays an important role in inducing the body's antioxidant response. Although there are no approved drugs targeting Nrf2 to treat NAFLD so far, it is still of great significance to target Nrf2 to alleviate NAFLD. In recent years, studies have reported that many natural products treat NAFLD by acting on Nrf2 or Nrf2 pathways. This article reviews the role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and summarizes the currently reported natural products targeting Nrf2 or Nrf2 pathway for the treatment of NAFLD, which provides new ideas for the development of new NAFLD-related drugs.
Customizable Microfluidic Devices: Progress, Constraints, and Future Advances.
Aljabali AAA, Obeid MA, Mishra V … +2 more , El-Tanani M, Tambuwala MM
Curr Drug Deliv · 2024 · PMID 39034714 · Publisher ↗
The field of microfluidics encompasses the study of fluid behavior within micro-channels and the development of miniature systems featuring internal compartments or passageways tailored for fluid control and manipulation...
The field of microfluidics encompasses the study of fluid behavior within micro-channels and the development of miniature systems featuring internal compartments or passageways tailored for fluid control and manipulation. Microfluidic devices capitalize on the unique chemical and physical properties exhibited by fluids at the microscopic scale. In contrast to their larger counterparts, microfluidic systems offer a multitude of advantages. Their implementation facilitates the investigation and utilization of reduced sample, solvent, and reagent volumes, thus yielding decreased operational expenses. Owing to their compact dimensions, these devices allow for the concurrent execution of multiple procedures, leading to expedited experimental timelines. Over the past two decades, microfluidics has undergone remarkable advancements, evolving into a multifaceted discipline. Subfields such as organ-on-a-chip and paper-based microfluidics have matured into distinct fields of study. Nonetheless, while scientific progress within the microfluidics realm has been notable, its translation into autonomous end-user applications remains a frontier to be fully explored. This paper sets forth the central objective of scrutinizing the present research paradigm, prevailing limitations, and potential prospects of customizable microfluidic devices. Our inquiry revolves around the latest strides achieved, prevailing constraints, and conceivable trajectories for adaptable microfluidic technologies. We meticulously delineate existing iterations of microfluidic systems, elucidate their operational principles, deliberate upon encountered limitations, and provide a visionary outlook toward the future trajectory of microfluidic advancements. In summation, this work endeavors to shed light on the current state of microfluidic systems, underscore their operative intricacies, address incumbent challenges, and unveil promising pathways that chart the course toward the next frontier of microfluidic innovation.
Expanding Arsenal against Ocular Diseases through Nanoemulsion: Success So Far and the Road Ahead.
Vikash B, Shashi, Pandey NK … +8 more , Kumar B, Wadhwa S, Gupta R, Goutam U, Mittal A, Baghel DS, Singh SK, Singh S
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 39021184 · Publisher ↗
The eye is the most delicate organ protected by several complex biological barriers that are static and dynamic. The presence of these ocular barriers retards drug absorption from topically applied dosage forms at the co...
The eye is the most delicate organ protected by several complex biological barriers that are static and dynamic. The presence of these ocular barriers retards drug absorption from topically applied dosage forms at the conjunctival sac. The efficient topical delivery of the drug into the globe is more difficult to achieve, and there is a need to develop a topical formulation that may reduce the use of injections and increase patient compliance with decreased frequency of administration. With the advancements of research in nanotechnology, nanoemulsions can be used as biocompatible carriers to deliver the drug to the ocular cavity. The lipophilic globules can increase the solubility of hydrophobic cargos, which provide increased permeation ability and ocular bioavailability, which can sustain drug release and corneal retention. Because of their small size, these formulations do not cause blurring of vision. Over the past decade, Nanoemulsions (NEs) have been used to treat several ocular diseases in the anterior eye segment. This review contains the global economic burden of ocular diseases, challenges in formulating ocular formulations, and recent advances of these NEs as effective carriers for ocular drug delivery, highlighting their performance in pre-clinical studies.
Oil-loaded Ethanolic Vesicular Gel for Imiquimod-induced Plaque Psoriasis: Physicochemical Characterization, Rheological Studies, and Efficacy.
Vihal S, Pundir S, Rathore C … +6 more , Ranjan Lal U, Gupta G, Kumar Singh S, Dua K, Kumar Chellappan D, Negi P
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38956909 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic effect of NS oil in mild to moderate psoriasis is limited owing to low play load of thymoquinone (<15 %w/w), irritation, dripping, low viscosity and thus, less contact time on the lesions. AIM...
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic effect of NS oil in mild to moderate psoriasis is limited owing to low play load of thymoquinone (<15 %w/w), irritation, dripping, low viscosity and thus, less contact time on the lesions. AIMS: This study aimed at developing and characterizing the ethanolic vesicular hydrogel system of Nigella sativa (NS) oil (NS EV hydrogel) for the enhancement of anti-psoriatic activity. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop NS EV hydrogel and evaluate its anti-psoriatic activity. METHODS: The identification and quantification of TQ content in different NS seed extracts and marketed oil were measured by an HPTLC method using n-hexane and ethyl acetate as solvent systems. Preparation of ethanolic vesicles (EVs) was performed by solvent injection method, while its antipsoriatic activity was evaluated employing an Imiquad (IMQ)-induced plaque psoriasis animal model. RESULTS: A compact HPTLC band was obtained for TQ at an R value of 0.651. The calibration plot was linear in the range of 1-10 μg/spot, and the correlation coefficient of 0.990 was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration. From the different NS sources, the high TQ content was obtained in the marketed cold press oil, i.e., 1.45±0.08 mg/ml. Out of various NS oilloaded EVs, the F6 formulation revealed the smallest particle size (278.1 nm), with log-normal size distribution (0.459) and adequate entrapment efficiency. A non-uniform shape was observed in the transmission electron microscopy. The viscosity of F6 formulation hydrogel was 32.34 (Pa·s), which exhibited plastic behavior. , efficacy studies demonstrated decreased inflammation of the epidermis and dermis and a marked decrease in the levels of IL-17 by NS EV hydrogel compared to plain NS oil and standard drugs (Betamethasone and Dr. JRK Psorolin Oil). CONCLUSION: It may be concluded from the findings that NS-loaded EV gel was as good as betamethasone cream but more efficacious than the other treatments.
Machine Learning-Driven Advancements in Liposomal Formulations for Targeted Drug Delivery: A Narrative Literature Review.
Hoseini B, Jaafari MR, Golabpour A … +3 more , Rahmatinejad Z, Karimi M, Eslami S
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38939987 · Publisher ↗
Nanoliposomal formulations, utilizing lipid bilayers to encapsulate therapeutic agents, hold promise for targeted drug delivery. Recent studies have explored the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in this fi...
Nanoliposomal formulations, utilizing lipid bilayers to encapsulate therapeutic agents, hold promise for targeted drug delivery. Recent studies have explored the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in this field. This study aims to elucidate the motivations behind integrating ML into liposomal formulations, providing a nuanced understanding of its applications and highlighting potential advantages. The review begins with an overview of liposomal formulations and their role in targeted drug delivery. It then systematically progresses through current research on ML in this area, discussing the principles guiding ML adaptation for liposomal preparation and characterization. Additionally, the review proposes a conceptual model for effective ML incorporation. The review explores popular ML techniques, including ensemble learning, decision trees, instance- based learning, and neural networks. It discusses feature extraction and selection, emphasizing the influence of dataset nature and ML method choice on technique relevance. The review underscores the importance of supervised learning models for structured liposomal formulations, where labeled data is essential. It acknowledges the merits of K-fold cross-validation but notes the prevalent use of single train/test splits in liposomal formulation studies. This practice facilitates the visualization of results through 3D plots for practical interpretation. While highlighting the mean absolute error as a crucial metric, the review emphasizes consistency between predicted and actual values. It clearly demonstrates ML techniques' effectiveness in optimizing critical formulation parameters such as encapsulation efficiency, particle size, drug loading efficiency, polydispersity index, and liposomal flux. In conclusion, the review navigates the nuances of various ML algorithms, illustrating ML's role as a decision support system for liposomal formulation development. It proposes a structured framework involving experimentation, physicochemical analysis, and iterative ML model refinement through human-centered evaluation, guiding future studies. Emphasizing meticulous experimentation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and continuous validation, the review advocates seamless ML integration into liposomal drug delivery research for robust advancements. Future endeavors are encouraged to uphold these principles.
Progress in Epigenetic Modification Regulating Drug Transporters in the Hypoxic Environment.
Wei Z, Mu H, Zhang X … +2 more , Li W, Wang R
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38939986 · Publisher ↗
Drug transporters are critical factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of drugs under hypoxic conditions. Studies have shown significant changes in drug transporter levels in the hypoxic environment. In addition to bein...
Drug transporters are critical factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of drugs under hypoxic conditions. Studies have shown significant changes in drug transporter levels in the hypoxic environment. In addition to being regulated by HIF-1, nuclear receptors, and inflammatory factors, hypoxia can also regulate transporters through epigenetic modifications, thereby affecting drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the role of epigenetic modifications in regulating drug transporters under hypoxic conditions at high altitudes. In this study, we comprehensively review the effects of hypoxia on drug transporters and epigenetic modifications and explore the regulatory mechanism of epigenetic modifications on drug transporter expression under hypoxic conditions. The aim is to provide a reference for exploring the epigenetic regulation mechanism of drug transporter expression in the hypoxic environment at high altitudes, guide the study of pharmacokinetics, and promote effective and safe medication at high altitudes.
Nanocarriers: Exploring the Potential of Oligonucleotide Delivery.
Alsaidan OA
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38918987 · Publisher ↗
Nanoparticle-based delivery systems have emerged as promising tools in oligonucleotide therapeutics, facilitating precise and targeted delivery to address several disease conditions. The multifaceted landscape of nanopar...
Nanoparticle-based delivery systems have emerged as promising tools in oligonucleotide therapeutics, facilitating precise and targeted delivery to address several disease conditions. The multifaceted landscape of nanoparticle-based oligonucleotide delivery encompasses the fundamental aspects of nanotechnology in delivery systems, various classes of oligonucleotides, and the growing field of ON-based therapeutics. These ON-based therapeutics are utilized to target specific genetic sequences within cells, offering promising avenues for treating various diseases by regulating gene expression or interfering with specific cellular processes. The integration of nanotechnology in delivery systems offers several advantages, given their intricate systems. Being a diverse class of agents, oligonucleotides provide a wide range of potential owed to each class of agents that support therapeutic interventions. Oligonucleotide-based platforms have demonstrated their versatility in molecular targeting and intervention strategies. Moreover, the complexities and delivery challenges in oligonucleotide therapeutics are expected to be overcome by the application of nanotechnology-based platforms.Because nanoparticles can overcome biological barriers and improve bioavailability, stability, and specificity, their role in developing oligonucleotide delivery systems is greatly valued. The innovative solutions facilitated by nanoparticles are efficient strategies to address the arduous barriers. These strategies beat obstacles like enzymatic degradation, cellular uptake, and immune response, which in turn paves the way for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. This review paper intends to explore the various applications of nanoparticle-mediated oligonucleotide delivery in a variety of diseases. It outlines the promising growth of therapies enabled by these systems, extending from cancer to genetic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. We have underscored the pivotal role of nanoparticle-based delivery systems in uncovering the full potential of oligonucleotide therapeutics, thereby fostering advancements in precision medicine and targeted therapies.
The Dilemma of Insulin Delivery into the Brain: A Comprehensive Review.
Hatami H, Askari VR, Rahimi VB … +2 more , Hasnain MS, Nayak AK
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38910469 · Publisher ↗
Insulin is a peptide hormone that is essential for regulating body homeostasis. Furthermore, it is involved in various neurological functions such as memory, behaviors, and cognition. The ubiquitous distribution of insul...
Insulin is a peptide hormone that is essential for regulating body homeostasis. Furthermore, it is involved in various neurological functions such as memory, behaviors, and cognition. The ubiquitous distribution of insulin receptors on various brain cells, such as neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and their differential localization across various brain regions, including the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and olfactory bulb, collectively underscore the crucial involvement of insulin in the modulation of cerebral functions. Along with ageing, in some pathological conditions such as diabetes and brain insulin resistance, the need for exogenous insulin is felt to compensate for insulin deficiency. In these cases, the biggest obstacle to the delivery of insulin to the brain is the blood-brain barrier (a physical barrier consisting of endothelial cells with tight junctions), which prevents the direct entry of most substances possessing high molecular weight, like insulin, into the brain. Therefore, different delivery methods have been proposed by researchers for insulin delivery that directly or indirectly cause the transfer of insulin to the brain. Some of these methods lack high efficiency and cause many side effects for the patient. In this regard, many new technologies have come to the aid of researchers and have introduced more effective delivery strategies, including the use of nanocarriers. Despite the promising outcomes demonstrated in the experimental models, the utilization of these techniques in human studies remains at a nascent stage and necessitates further comprehensive investigation. This review article aims to examine the diverse methods of insulin administration to the brain by gathering extensive information on insulin and its obstacles to brain delivery.
Frontiers of Plant-derived Exosomes from Research Methods to Pharmaceutical Applications in Plant-based Therapeutics.
Fu W, Zhang P, Wang W … +3 more , Du M, Ni R, Sun Y
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38867527 · Publisher ↗
Exosomes have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication and various physiological processes between cells and their environment. These nano-sized vesicles have been extensively investigated and confirm...
Exosomes have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication and various physiological processes between cells and their environment. These nano-sized vesicles have been extensively investigated and confirmed to exhibit multifunctionality in animal systems. In particular, they participate in intercellular signaling, influence disease progression, and exhibit biological activity. However, Plant-Derived Exosomes (PDEs), especially therapeutic PDEs, have received relatively limited attention in the past few decades. Recent studies have demonstrated that PDEs are involved in signaling molecule transport in addition to intercellular communication, as they serve as functional molecules in the cellular microenvironment. This characteristic highlights the immense potential of PDEs for a wide array of applications, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, tumour cell elimination, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration. In addition, PDEs hold substantial promise as efficient drug carriers, enhancing the stability and bioavailability of therapeutic agents and consequently enabling targeted delivery to specific cells or tissues. Therefore, PDEs may serve as effective tools for drug delivery and the treatment of various diseases. This comprehensive review provides an overview of recent studies on therapeutic PDEs, focusing on their extraction, isolation, characterization methods, biological activities, and application prospects. It summarises the research progress of exosome-like nanovesicles derived from medicinal plants, with a specific emphasis on traditional Chinese medicine, and highlights their importance in disease treatment and nanoparticle delivery. The main objective is to accelerate the clinical translation of these nanovesicles while providing novel approaches and methodologies for the research and development of innovative drugs.
2 Factorial Design Formulation Optimization and Characterization of Desloratadine Nanosuspension Prepared Using Antisolvent Precipitation.
Elsebay MT, Alyami MH, Alyami HS … +4 more , Kamal MA, Eissa NG, Balata GF, El-Nahas HN
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38867526 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Desloratadine, a second-generation antihistaminic drug, is poorly watersoluble and requires amelioration of the dissolution rate to improve its pharmacokinetics properties. METHOD: This study investigated t...
INTRODUCTION: Desloratadine, a second-generation antihistaminic drug, is poorly watersoluble and requires amelioration of the dissolution rate to improve its pharmacokinetics properties. METHOD: This study investigated the impact of polymer, surfactant types, and concentration on the particle size, zeta potential, and dissolution efficiency of nanosuspensions formulated through the solvent antisolvent precipitation method. To optimize the delivery of Desloratadine nanosuspension, we used Minitab software and a 4-factor, 2-level full factorial design. Physicochemical properties and drug release studies were conducted to evaluate the suggested nanosuspension formulations. The optimization goals included minimizing particle size and zeta potential while maximizing dissolution efficiencies. RESULT: The selected optimal nanosuspension demonstrated favourable values, including a particle size of 478.63 ± 15.67 nm, a zeta potential of -36.24 ± 3.21 mV, and dissolution efficiencies in double distilled water and buffer of 90.29 ± 3.75 % and 93.70 ± 3.67 %, respectively. The optimized formulation was subjected to additional analysis using X-ray powder diffraction (XPRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). CONCLUSION: The optimized nanosuspension formulation also underwent further studies under optimal lyophilization conditions, revealing the effectiveness of mannitol as a cryoprotectant at a concentration of 8%.
Characterization and Evaluation of Polymorphic Valnemulin Hydrogen Fumarate.
Xinle Z, Li Z, Jian L … +3 more , Hui Z, Jinhua G, Hejia W
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38847258 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: In the present study, a valnemulin hydrogen fumarate prodrug was characterized, its stability was compared with valnemulin hydrochloride, and the efficacy was evaluated in controlling pneumonia among mice e...
INTRODUCTION: In the present study, a valnemulin hydrogen fumarate prodrug was characterized, its stability was compared with valnemulin hydrochloride, and the efficacy was evaluated in controlling pneumonia among mice experimentally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. METHODS: Optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to study the physical and chemical properties of the prodrug. The thermal stability was investigated in comparison with valnemulin hydrochloride to improve the preparation process of valnemulin hydrogen fumarate soluble powder and maximize its drug effect. Additionally, the efficacy of valnemulin hydrogen fumarate was evaluated in a challenge-treatment trial in mice using an infection test in vivo. RESULTS: Valnemulin hydrogen fumarate had high crystallinity. After light irradiation for 20 days, valnemulin hydrogen fumarate did not degrade, whereas valnemulin hydrochloride did. These results showed that the valnemulin hydrogen fumarate was stable. At the same dose in drinking water, the valnemulin hydrogen fumarate was more effective than the reference drug of tiamulin fumarate in an challenge-treatment trial. CONCLUSION: Valnemulin hydrogen fumarate shows excellent potential for application as a veterinary drug.
Mesothelin-Mediated Paclitaxel Phase-Shifted Nanodelivery System for Molecular Ultrasound Imaging and Targeted Therapy Potential in Ovarian Cancer.
Wan Y, Luo L, Xu X … +5 more , Fu Q, Li Y, Huang K, Zhou H, Li F
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38847257 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer presents a substantial risk to women's health and lives, with early detection and treatment proving challenging. Targeted nanodelivery systems are viewed as a promising approach to enhance the...
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer presents a substantial risk to women's health and lives, with early detection and treatment proving challenging. Targeted nanodelivery systems are viewed as a promising approach to enhance the effectiveness of ovarian cancer treatment and ultrasonic imaging outcomes. OBJECTIVE: A phase-shifted nanodelivery system (NPs) loaded with paclitaxel (PTX) and further conjugated with avidin (Ab) was studied, with the goal of investigating the effects of targeted nanodelivery strategies on the therapeutic efficacy and ultrasonic imaging of ovarian cancer. This study provides a foundation for future treatments utilizing this approach. METHODS: PTX-NPs were prepared using the single water-in-oil (O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation method, with avidin coupling achieved through biotin-avidin affinity. The encapsulation efficiency and release profile of PTX were analyzed using UV spectrophotometry. The phase-shift properties of the Ab-PTX-NPs delivery system were evaluated, and the targeting efficiency, cytotoxicity against SKOV3 cells, and biosafety of various nanodelivery systems were assessed. RESULTS: The prepared nanodelivery system showed a stable and uniform structure with a good particle size distribution and exhibited favorable release characteristics under ultrasound exposure. experiments revealed that the nanodelivery system displayed excellent targeting and cytotoxic effects against SKOV3 cells, indicating the potential of the Ab-PTX-NPs delivery system for targeted ovarian cancer therapy. safety studies demonstrated the high biosafety of the prepared nanodelivery system. CONCLUSION: A novel nanodelivery system was developed, and the experimental results obtained provide a solid experimental basis for further research on ultrasound molecular imaging technology, offering new insights into targeted ultrasound molecular imaging and the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Formulation and Characterization of Triamcinolone Acetonide Acetate-Loaded Microspheres Prepared by a Static Mixing Technique.
Du HH, Wang LR, Wu XH … +8 more , Liu XA, Huo MW, Huang XX, Shi LZ, Liu Y, Tang M, Shi LL, Cao QR
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38847256 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Reproducibility and scale-up production of microspheres through spray drying present significant challenges. In this study, biodegradable microspheres of Triamcinolone Acetonide Acetate (TAA) were prepared using...
PURPOSE: Reproducibility and scale-up production of microspheres through spray drying present significant challenges. In this study, biodegradable microspheres of Triamcinolone Acetonide Acetate (TAA) were prepared using a novel static mixing method by employing poly( lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as the sustained-release carrier. METHODS: TAA-loaded microspheres (TAA-MSs) were prepared using a static mixing technique. The PLGA concentration, polyvinyl alcohol concentration (PVA), phase ratio of oil/water, and phase ratio of water/solidification were optimized in terms of the particle size, drug loading (DL), and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of TAA-MSs. The morphology of TAA-MSs was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while the physicochemical properties were evaluated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The release of TAA-MSs was compared to that of the pure drug (TAA) using a water-bath vibration method in the medium of pH 7.4 at 37°C. RESULTS: The formulation composition and preparation condition for the preparation of TAA-MSs were optimized as follows: the PLGA concentration was 1%, the phase ratio of oil(dichloromethane) /water (PVA solution) was 1:3, the phase ratio of water (PVA solution)/solidification was 1:2. The optimized TAA-MSs displayed spherical particles with a size range of 30-70 μm, and DL and EE values of 27.09% and 98.67%, respectively. Moreover, the drug-loaded microspheres exhibited a significant, sustained release, with 20% of the drug released over a period of 28 days. The XRD result indicated that the crystalline form of TAA in microspheres had been partly converted into the amorphous form. DSC and FT-IR results revealed that some interactions between TAA and PLGA occurred, indicating that the drug was effectively encapsulated into PLGA microspheres. CONCLUSION: TAA-loaded PLGA microspheres have been successfully prepared via the static mixing technique with enhanced EE and sustained-release manner.
Nanovesicles as Potential Carriers for Delivery of Antiviral Drugs: A Comprehensive Review.
Bindhani S, Nayak AK
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38847166 · Full text
Different nanocarriers-based strategies are now extensively being used as an important strategy for improving drug efficacy and responsiveness, reducing toxicity issues related to drugs and harmful side effects, and over...
Different nanocarriers-based strategies are now extensively being used as an important strategy for improving drug efficacy and responsiveness, reducing toxicity issues related to drugs and harmful side effects, and overcoming the numerous significant difficulties related to absorption and bioavailability. Amongst different nanocarriers, nanovesicles are excellent and versatile systems for effectively delivering therapeutic agents, targeting ligand distribution and location. Nanovesicles are nanosized self-assembling spherical capsules with an aqueous core and one/- more lipid(s) layers. Several synthetic nanovesicles have been developed and investigated for their prospective uses in delivering drugs, proteins, peptides, nutrients, etc. Important procedures for nanovesicle manufacturing are thin-film hydration, unshaken method, ethanol injection, ether injection, proliposomes, freeze-drying, hot method, cold method, reverse-phase evaporation, and ultrasonication. Liposomes, liposomes, ethosomes, exosomes, and transferosomes (elastic vesicles) are the nonvesicular candidates extensively investigated to deliver antiviral drugs. This review article comprehensively overview different nanovesicles, their compositions, manufacturing, and applications as potential carriers for effectively delivering different antiviral drugs to treat viral diseases.
Niosome-Based Hydrogel of Quince Extract: A Promising Strategy for Expedited Full-thickness Wound Healing in Rat.
Ebrahimnejad P, Heydarabadi PF, Amiri FT … +3 more , Mirzaee F, Ahmadi M, Shahani S
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38840405 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The regeneration of tissue damage involves a series of molecular and cellular events that can be mediated by various natural compounds. Recent studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and s...
BACKGROUND: The regeneration of tissue damage involves a series of molecular and cellular events that can be mediated by various natural compounds. Recent studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and skin-protecting properties of Cydonia oblonga (Quince), which are mainly attributed to phenolic compounds. These compounds may have some drawbacks when targeting wound applications, including low bioavailability at the wound site. Moreover, to overcome these limitations, surfactant-based nanovesicular systems have been developed as carriers of such compounds for wound healing. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to highlight the possible therapeutic potential of niosome-based hydrogel from Quince extract to stabilize and deliver the related bioactive compounds to full-thickness wounds in rats. METHODS: The niosomal hydrogel was prepared using a thin-film hydration method with the fruit extract (70% methanol). The formulation was optimized by evaluating size, zeta potential, dispersion index, and drug encapsulation efficiency. Full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsal cervical area of Wistar rats, and histopathological analysis of biopsy specimens was conducted on the 12th day of treatment. RESULTS: Under the study conditions, niosomal hydrogel displayed good physicochemical stability. Histopathological findings demonstrated that niosomal gel promoted angiogenesis, fibroblast maturation, collagen deposition, keratinization, and epidermal layer formation more effectively than control and hydrogel base. Furthermore, niosomal gel treatment markedly reduced inflammation. The total phenol concentration was determined to be 13.34 ± 0.90 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried extract. CONCLUSION: The niosomal hydrogel containing C. oblonga extract shows potential as a novel approach for wound healing, warranting further investigation in this field.
Recent Advancement of Nanotheranostics in Cancer Applications.
Parveen S, Rajendran A, Paikray SK … +3 more , Sahoo L, Tripathy NS, Dilnawaz F
Curr Drug Deliv · 2025 · PMID 38812425 · Publisher ↗
The field of nanomedicine shows promising implications in the concurrent delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic (theranostics) compounds in a single platform. Nanotheranostics is incredibly promising since it offers simu...
The field of nanomedicine shows promising implications in the concurrent delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic (theranostics) compounds in a single platform. Nanotheranostics is incredibly promising since it offers simultaneous non-invasive disease detection and treatment together with the exciting ability to track drug release and distribution in real-time, thereby forecasting and evaluating the efficacy of the therapy. The cancer theranostic approach improves the cancer prognosis safely and effectively. Common classes of nanoscale biomaterials, including magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, carbon- based nanoparticles, and organic dye-based nanoparticles, have demonstrated enormous potential for theranostic activity. The need for improved disease detection and enhanced chemotherapeutic treatments, together with realistic considerations for clinically translatable nanomaterials will be key driving factors for theranostic agent research shortly. The developments of precision theranostic nanomaterials are employed in imaging systems like, MRI, PET, and SPECT with multifunctional ability. In this review, different nanoparticles/nanomaterials that are used/developed for theranostic activity are discussed.
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