Nigerian Quarterly Journal Of Hospital Medicine[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Analysis of film reject rate in the diagnostic x-ray facility of a tertiary health institution in Benin, Nigeria.
Eze CU, Olajide BO, Ohagwu CC … +1 more , Abonyi LC
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579496
BACKGROUND: Film rejects analysis (FRA) as part of quality assurance tests in radiography services, is carried out periodically to identify causes of film rejection and to proffer solutions to ameliorate such problems. O...
BACKGROUND: Film rejects analysis (FRA) as part of quality assurance tests in radiography services, is carried out periodically to identify causes of film rejection and to proffer solutions to ameliorate such problems. OBJECTIVE: The study was carried out to estimate film rejection rate in a tertiary health facility in Benin, Nigeria and also to identify causes of film rejection in the centre. METHODS: This prospective study was carried out within 6 months. Ethical approval was obtained from the local committee on research and ethics before the study commenced. Only routine x-ray procedures were included in the study. Four x-ray rooms and four radiographers with equal training and job experience were selected for the study. Different boxes labeled for each room were used to daily collect rejected films. RESULTS: Overall rejection rate was 6.7%. Improper exposure caused the highest rate of repeats (> 12% in the old x-ray rooms). Highest rejection rates (31%) were found in the old x-ray rooms. Paranasal sinuses examination accounted for highest rejection rate (25%) among all routine x-ray investigations considered. CONCLUSION: Rejection rate found was within recommended limits.Obsolete but poorly maintained x-machines layed major roles in overall film rejection rate in the centre. X ray of paranasal sinuses was challenging to radiographers observed. Radiographers should embrace CPD while obsolete x-ray equipments found in the centre should be scrapped to further reduce film reject rate in the centre.
Ageratum conyzoides attenuates alcohol induced liver toxicity in male Wistar rats.
Ogunlade B, Yama OE, Saalu LC … +1 more , Clement AB
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579495
BACKGROUND: Ageratum conyzoides (AC) is unique for its antioxidant activity and protective role to tissues. However this property is yet to be demonstrated in animals administered toxic alcohol concentrations. OBJECTIVE:...
BACKGROUND: Ageratum conyzoides (AC) is unique for its antioxidant activity and protective role to tissues. However this property is yet to be demonstrated in animals administered toxic alcohol concentrations. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of AC extract on the oxidative stress, liver enzymes and histology. METHODS: Twenty four male rats (190-230 g) were divided into three groups of eight rats. Group A (control) administered distilled water. Group B (ethanol group) received 10 g/kg body weight of ethanol. Group C (ethanol + AC group) were treated with ethanol (as above) and AC (250 mg/kg body weight) concurrently. Total experimental duration was 35 days at the end of which animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation. Liver and blood samples were taken and processed for: microscopic studies, estimation of activities of liver enzymes [alanine aminotransferase (AST), aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], Malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants [Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and Catalase (CAT)] respectively. RESULTS: Compared to control, the rats treated with ethanol had significantly increased liver enzymes and MDA levels but these were decreased in ethanol + AC group compared to the ethanol group. The histologies of concurrent ethanol + AC treated group were similar to control groups. CONCLUSION: AC protects the liver against alcohol induced damage.
Review of ciprofloxacin use in children.
Okoye NV, Oyawole MR, Uzochukwu PU … +1 more , Oyetunde OO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579494
BACKGROUND: The frequency of prescriptions for ciprofloxacin use in children is high despite the caution recommended. OBJECTIVE: To assess frequency of ciprofloxacin prescriptions in a pediatric unit and review the liter...
BACKGROUND: The frequency of prescriptions for ciprofloxacin use in children is high despite the caution recommended. OBJECTIVE: To assess frequency of ciprofloxacin prescriptions in a pediatric unit and review the literature on use of ciprofloxacin in children. METHODS: Patient case notes in a pediatric general ward of a tertiary hospital were reviewed. Electronic databases were searched for articles published in English between January2001 and December2011. RESULTS: Ciprofloxacin was prescribed for 20% of the children in our preliminary study. In all the studies reviewed ciprofloxacin was used as a second line treatment in life-threatening cases and only for organisms that were susceptible on culture. Adverse events such as arthralgia, gastro intestinal disturbances and CNS reactions were recorded; they were reversible and often did not warrant discontinuation of therapy. CONCLUSION: Ciprofloxacin may be used in children as second line treatment, in life-threatening cases, for susceptible organisms when the benefit outweighs the risk.
Relationship between discrepancies in upper-limb anthropometrics and functionality in children with obstetrical brachial plexus injury.
Gbiri CA, Aweto HA, Olaopa SK
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579493
BACKGROUND: Children with obstetrical brachial plexus injury often present with relative reduction and deficit (discrepancies) in length, girth and functional performance in their affected upper-limb. However, the relati...
BACKGROUND: Children with obstetrical brachial plexus injury often present with relative reduction and deficit (discrepancies) in length, girth and functional performance in their affected upper-limb. However, the relationship between these discrepancies and the functional deficit is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated discrepancies in upper-limb of children with obstetrical brachial plexus injury, and find the relationship between these discrepancies and the functional performances in the affected upper-limbs. METHODS: This study involved 50 children with obstetrical brachial plexus injury undergoing rehabilitation at selected secondary and tertiary health institutions in Lagos state, Nigeria. Upper-limb-length, arm-girth and forearm-girth were measured using broad-blade anthropometer and inelastic tape measure. Modified Mallet-Scale was used to assess functional performances of the upper-limbs while joints' range of motion was assessed using a full-circle goniometer. Data was analysed using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, paired and independent t-test. RESULTS: Participants were aged 47.86 +/- 124.50 months. Discrepancies in upper-limb length and arm and forearm girth were 2.17 +/- 3.19 cm, 0.21 +/- 0.78 cm and 0.73 +/- 0.73 cm respectively. There was significant discrepancy in lengths, girths and functional performance between affected and unaffected upper-limb. The age of commencement of treatment ranged between one day and 2555 days with a mean of 2224.52 +/- 469.30 days. Time of commencement of treatment was significantly related with lengths, girths and functional performance of the affected upper-limbs. CONCLUSION: There are significant discrepancy in lengths, girth and functional performance between affected and unaffected upper limb of children with obstetrical brachial plexus injury. There is negative significant relationship between time of commencement of treatments and the discrepancies that occurred in the affected upper-limb of children with obstetrical brachial plexus injury.
Concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in Abuja, Nigeria.
Bello SA, Olaitan AA, Fasola AO … +4 more , Olaomi OO, Adebayo ET, Olokun BA, Osodin TE
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579492
BACKGROUND: Injury is the leading cause of death and disability and the third most common cause of death Little attention has been given to the concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in scientific l...
BACKGROUND: Injury is the leading cause of death and disability and the third most common cause of death Little attention has been given to the concomitant injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in scientific literatures. OBJECTIVES: For effective planning and efficient management of the patients, there is need to study the pattern ofthese injuries. METHODS: Consecutive patients who sustained one or more facial bone fractures over a period of 2 years were prospectively studied. RESULTS: There were 103 patients out of which 96 sustained concomitant injuries giving an incidence of 93.2%.There were 75 (78.1%) males and 21 (21.9%) females with a M:F of 3.6:1. The mean + (SD) age was 30.8 +13.0 with a range of 2.0 to 68.0 years. Road Traffic Crashes was the commonest (n = 81, 84.4%) cause of injury. Soft tissue of the face, with an incidence of 62.1% (n = 64) was the commonest concomitant injury. It was followed by neurologic injury (n = 51, 49.5%) and ophthalmic injury (n = 38, 36.9%) while abdominal injury (n = 2, 1.9%) was the least common. Majority (87.5%) of the ophthalmic injury patients sustained midfacial fracture while 12.5% of the them sustained mandibular fractures. Pulmonary and cervical injuries were found to be associated more with mandibularfractures. CONCLUSION: Concomitant injuries occur commonly with maxillofacial fractures and they were found to have significant effect on the management of the fractures. A multidisciplinary approach will bring about a very efficient management of patients.
Otologic and audiological evaluation among HIV patients in Ilorin, Nigeria.
Alabi BS, Salami AK, Afolabi OA … +4 more , Aremu SK, Olawumi HO, Odeigah LO, Akande HJ
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579491
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is the highest cause of death worldwide and presenting eventually with ENT regions. OBJECTIVE: This study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and hearing patterns among adults Nigeria...
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is the highest cause of death worldwide and presenting eventually with ENT regions. OBJECTIVE: This study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and hearing patterns among adults Nigerians with HIV and causal relationships between CD4+ counts with the degree of hearing impairments. METHODS: This prospective study was carried out among all consecutive HIV positive patients attending the clinic at the University of Ilorin teaching hospital (U.I.T.H.), Ilorin, Nigeria between January and July, 2008. They all had audiological assessments with a pure tone audiometer within the frequency range 250 to 8,000 Hz to determine their hearing thresholds together with their CD+ counts estimations. RESULTS: 89 were evaluated in the age range of 18 to 56 years (Mean 36.4 years, SD of 8.82) and the modal age group was 21-39 years (59.6%), 40-56 years (38.2%).There were 51 males (57.3%) and 38 females (42.7%) with a male/female ratio of 1.3:1.0. Otological symptoms included tinnitus (15.7%), vertigo (15.7%), otalgia (14.6%) and hard of hearing (10%). Examinations showed bilateral serous Otitis media (glue ear) in 58 patients (65.1%) with no affectation of the facial nerves. PTA showed mixed, conductive and SNHL in 32 patients (36%), 20 patients (22.5%), 9 patients (10.1%) respectively and only 15(16.9%) had normal hearing thresholds. The CD4+ counts ranged between 12 to 616. CD4 counts with hearing loss mostly < 300mm3. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hearing loss is 87% among HIV infected patients, mostly mixed HLwith causal relationships between reduced CD4+ counts of less than 300/mm3 with severity of hearing loss. The hearing loss can interfere with the communication and specific knowledge vital to the development of best practices towards ensuring the inclusion of hearing impaired in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programmes.
Anterior knee pain associated with an anterior superior patellar bony spur: a case report.
Adekoya-Cole TO, Enweluzo GO, Akinmokun OI … +1 more , Olugbemi OO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579490
Anterior knee pain is a common presentation in Orthopaedic out patient practice. However anterior superior patellar spur is an uncommon cause.This case presentation is to highlight an anterior superior patellar spur with...
Anterior knee pain is a common presentation in Orthopaedic out patient practice. However anterior superior patellar spur is an uncommon cause.This case presentation is to highlight an anterior superior patellar spur with quadriceps tendonitis. The patient is a 52 year old man who presented with a recurrent anterior knee pain. The radiographic study revealed an anterio-superior patellar spur. The patient had a depo steroid injection as an adjunct therapy to physiotherapy and has been pain free.
What do medical interns in Nigeria think of the white coat? A cross sectional study.
Esezobor CI, Adeniyi OF, Makwe CC … +2 more , Kanu OO, Bello T
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579489
BACKGROUND: The appeal of the white coat to both the doctors and the public is waning. In most developing countries such as Nigeria doctors' view of the white coat is not known. OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of...
BACKGROUND: The appeal of the white coat to both the doctors and the public is waning. In most developing countries such as Nigeria doctors' view of the white coat is not known. OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of interns which supported wearing of white coat by doctors. METHODS: A 10-item questionnaire was distributed to medical interns undertaking mandatory pre-registration training in a tertiary hospital. Characteristics of interns who were supportive of doctors wearing the white coat were compared to those who did not support or were indifferent to it. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty three interns returned completed questionnaires. About 54% (126) and 52% (107) of the participants were males and graduates of the College of Medicine, University of Lagos respectively. The majority of interns (167; 71.7%) supported the wearing of white coats by doctors when attending to patients; 22 (9.4%) were opposed to it while 44 (18.9%) were indifferent. Older interns, females and interns who had not rotated through Paediatrics were more likely to support the wearing of white coats by doctors. The commonest reason for wearing the white coat was for identification. CONCLUSION: The majority of medical interns supported the wearing of white coat by doctors. Prevention of infection is no longer the major reason for wearing the white coat. There is need to document the public's perception of the white coat.
Haematotoxic and reproductive toxicity of fixed dose combined anti-tuberculous agents: protective role of antioxidants in rats.
Awodele O, Osunkalu VO, Adejumo IA … +3 more , Odeyemi AA, Ebuehi OA, Akintonwa A
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579488
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the world's greatest infectious killer of women of reproductive age and the leading cause of death among people with HIV/AIDS. The major problem militating against the management of tuber...
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the world's greatest infectious killer of women of reproductive age and the leading cause of death among people with HIV/AIDS. The major problem militating against the management of tuberculosis is the lack of compliance to medication by the infected patients as a result of multidrug needed to be taking daily leading to resistance. Occurrences of hepatic toxicity, teratogenicity, sperm quality damage, haematotoxicity and meningeal congestion of individual anti-tuberculous agents have been reported. OBJECTIVE: The study is aimed to determine the reproductive and haematological toxicity of combined antituberculous agents and the modulatory role of antioxidants using animal model. METHODS: Fifty rats (10 per group) were randomly allotted to five groups, consisting of the control, the fixed dose combined anti TB agents treated group, the fixed dose combined anti TB agents plus vitamin C treated group, the fixed dose combined anti TB agents plus vitamin E treated group and the fixed dose combined anti TB agents plus vitamin C plus vitamin E treated group. Therapeutic doses of the fixed dose combined anti TB agents (25 mg/kg/day), vitamin E (5 mg/kg) and vitamin C (8 mg/kg) were administered to the animals via oral gavage, daily over 28 days. After 28days, rats were sacrificed for internal macroscopic and histological examination of the organs, sperm analysis and haematological investigations were carried out. RESULTS: The results showed a significant increase (p < or = 0.05) in the levels of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (HB) of the combined anti-TB plus vitamins C or E treated groups compared with combined anti-TB treated group alone (56.34 +/- 0.11) that decreased the haematological parameters. A significant decrease (p < or = 0.05) in the sperm counts (22.26 +/- 0.02; 35.40 +/- 0.02) and motility (77.03 +/- 0.02; 94.50 +/- 0.01) of the combined anti-TB treated rats as compared with the control group were observed. The combined anti-TB plus vitamin C treated rats demonstrated a significant increase (p < or = 0.05) in the sperm motility (90.23 +/- 0.01) as compared with the control group. There was also a remarkable decrease in the abnormal morphology of the sperm in the combined anti-TB plus vitamins E and C treated rats (0.05 +/- 0.02) as compared with the combined anti-TB group alone (1.10 +/- 0.02). CONCLUSION: Vitamins C and E positively modulated the sperm quality and haematological damage produced by the Fixed Dose Combined Anti-Tuberculous agents.
Prescribing of antidiabetic medicines to older diabetes type 2 patients in Lagos, Nigeria.
Erah PO, Eroje HI
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579487
BACKGROUND: The incidence of diabetes mellitus in older adults is increasing in Lagos and other parts of Nigeria but there is paucity of information on the use of medicines in this group of patients. OBJECTIVE: A survey...
BACKGROUND: The incidence of diabetes mellitus in older adults is increasing in Lagos and other parts of Nigeria but there is paucity of information on the use of medicines in this group of patients. OBJECTIVE: A survey was therefore carried out to determine the prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescribing of antidiabetic medications to older diabetes adults in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS: A convenient sample of physicians working in seven health care facilities in Lagos were surveyed using a self-administered pre-tested questionnaire to determine the medications they often prescribed for diabetes patients older than 50 years, whether they consider dosage reduction in these patients, and the counselling information they provide to the patients. AGS 2012 Beer's criteria were used to determine potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) for the patients. Factors associated with the tendency to prescribe inappropriately were then evaluated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Glibenclamide, metformin, and metformin/glimepiride combination were regularly prescribed by 45.64-87.25% of the physicians but gliclazide, pioglitazone, pioglitazone/metformin and pioglitazone/glimepiride combinations were prescribed occasionally by 41.61-61.74% of them. Majority of the physicians (87.25%) prescribe glibenclamide to the older patients and do not also always consider dosage reduction on account of older age. Some of these (30.2%) of these physicians equally prescribed chlorpropamide to the patients. Postgraduate qualification was the only significant factor associated with prescription of chlorpropamide (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Inappropriate use of chlorpropamide and glibenclamide, and failure to consider dosage reduction on account of older age have been reported by physicians treating older diabetes patients in Lagos. This calls for continuous education of physicians in Lagos as well as in other parts of Nigeria to promote rational use of antidiabetic medications in the country.
Prospective evaluation of the impact of daycare attendance on the prevalence of otitis media with effusion in 6 to 24 months old children in urban Nigeria.
Asoegwu CN, Nwawolo CC, Somefun AO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579486
BACKGROUND: The peak age prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) is in early childhood. Day care attendance has been established by various studies as a risk factor for the development of OME. OBJECTIVE: This stud...
BACKGROUND: The peak age prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) is in early childhood. Day care attendance has been established by various studies as a risk factor for the development of OME. OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of OME among children aged 6 - 24 months, and the impact of day care center (DCCs) attendance on the OME occurrence. METHODS: A prospective cohort study conducted in children recruited from DCCs and immunization clinics in Surulere, Lagos state, Nigeria. They were matched mainly on their place of care, at home or at day care center and presence or absence of OME using pneumatic otoscopy and tympanometry. RESULTS: A total of 152 children were studied. Based on their place of care, they were divided into day care attendees 64 (42.1%), and non day care attendees 88 (57.9%). The prevalence of OME was 37.7% overall, 43.7% in the day care attendees and 33.4% in the non day care attendees. Factors found to positively influence the prevalence of OME in this study include: young age 6-12 months, female gender and day care attendance. CONCLUSION: OME is common in Nigerian children at young age. Day care facility attendance significantly increased OME prevalence.
Overview of dermatophyte infections at the dermatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary institution in Nigeria.
Ayanlowo OO, Akinkugbe AO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2013 · PMID 24579485
BACKGROUND: Dermatophytes are the commonest organisms causing superficial fungal infections. Earlier epidemiologic studies in Nigeria revealed dermatophyte infection as one of the top three reasons for visiting the derma...
BACKGROUND: Dermatophytes are the commonest organisms causing superficial fungal infections. Earlier epidemiologic studies in Nigeria revealed dermatophyte infection as one of the top three reasons for visiting the dermatologists. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency, characteristics and predisposing factors to dermatophyte infections at the dermatology outpatient clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) from March 2003 to September 2009. METHODS: The clinic records and case notes of patients were reviewed. Patients' data which includes demographic details, characteristics of disease, predisposing factors and clinical presentation findings were entered on Excel spreadsheets and analyzed using SPSS 15. Results were displayed using frequency tables. RESULTS: Dermatophyte infections were found in 8.39% of patients attending the dermatology outpatient clinic of LUTH. Tinea pedis was the most frequently seen, occurring in 33.6% of patients; followed by tinea corporis (20%), tinea manuum (18.6%) and tinea capitis (14.8%). Dermatophyte infection was most frequently seen in the 3rd and the 4th decades of life, except tinea capitis seen predominantly in the 1st decade of life and tinea intertrigo in the 5th decade. CONCLUSION: Dermatophyte infections occur at all age groups, although frequency of occurrence differs with age group and site of the body affected.
Minimising corneal scarring from the use of harmful traditional eye remedies in developing countries.
Adekoya BJ, Ayanniyi AA, Adepoju FG … +2 more , Omolase CO, Owoeye JF
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175915
Corneal scarring is the fourth largest cause of blindness globally, and a much more prominent factor in developing countries. Blindness from corneal scarring is largely a preventable phenomenon, and is capable of causing...
Corneal scarring is the fourth largest cause of blindness globally, and a much more prominent factor in developing countries. Blindness from corneal scarring is largely a preventable phenomenon, and is capable of causing significant morbidity that can last for a lifetime. A significant proportion of these cases are caused by the use of harmful traditional eye medicines/remedies, and are used and prescribed by friends, relatives and traditional healers, with widespread use especially in developing countries. Use of traditional remedies can also cause harm indirectly by causing delays before seeking medical treatment. Reducing corneal scarring from the use of harmful traditional medicine is through a combination of approaches with the key strategies being community diagnosis, education, participation, and intervention, with provision of basic eye care integrated into the primary health care of the community. Collaboration with traditional healers in the community is also another approach that has been found to be useful.
Sharp injuries among hospital waste handlers.
Olaitan PB, Odu OO, Olaitan JO … +1 more , Oseni OG
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175914
BACKGROUND: Health care workers are generally predisposed to injuries from sharps as a health hazard. This is more pronounced among waste handlers. OBJECTIVE: It is therefore important to assess these injuries among this...
BACKGROUND: Health care workers are generally predisposed to injuries from sharps as a health hazard. This is more pronounced among waste handlers. OBJECTIVE: It is therefore important to assess these injuries among this group of people with a view to identifying the risk factors and suggesting preventive methods. METHODS: Questionnaires were administered to People handling wastes in our hospital to assess their level of education on injury prevention, immunization status and preventive methods used by them to prevent these injuries and subsequent infections. RESULTS: Forty three waste handlers were interviewed. Twenty eight (65.8%) of them received training before commencing on the job while 14 (32.5%) never received any training. Only thirty nine (90.7%) of them always use hand gloves before carrying wastes. Only three (7.0%) of the respondents have been screened for Hepatitis B, 19 (44.2%) for HIV, while 10 (23.3%) were screened for Hepatitis B, C, and HIV. Eleven (25.6%) of them have been injured with sharps. The finger was the most injured in 7 (93%) of them. CONCLUSION: Training and re-training of health workers is important and should be encouraged. All health workers should have pre-employment immunization against Hepatitis B, C as well as other before commencing on their jobs. Workers should be screened for infective diseases that can be of legal problem while at the job and the workers should be effectively immunized.
Tuberculate supernumerary teeth: report of a case showing typical and atypical features and the management.
Utomi IL
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175913
Tuberculate supernumerary teeth are found in the maxillary anterior region. They usually result in oral problems such as malocclusion, food impaction, poor aesthetics and cyst formation. There is paucity of literature on...
Tuberculate supernumerary teeth are found in the maxillary anterior region. They usually result in oral problems such as malocclusion, food impaction, poor aesthetics and cyst formation. There is paucity of literature on this anomaly in our environment. This paper describes a case of tuberculate supernumerary teeth with typical and atypical features of supernumerary teeth in this region. Treatment is carried out with a combination of surgical and orthodontic methods. Early diagnosis and treatment of this anomaly is suggested to avoid more serious consequences and to prevent severe orthodontic complications.
Effects of dance movement therapy on selected cardiovascular parameters and estimated maximum oxygen consumption in hypertensive patients.
Aweto HA, Owoeye OB, Akinbo SR … +1 more , Onabajo AA
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175912
BACKGROUND: Objective:Arterial hypertension is a medical condition associated with increased risks of of death, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular morbidity including stroke, coronary heart disease, atrial fibri...
BACKGROUND: Objective:Arterial hypertension is a medical condition associated with increased risks of of death, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular morbidity including stroke, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation and renal insufficiency. Regular physical exercise is considered to be an important part of the non-pharmacologictreatment of hypertension. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dance movement therapy (DMT) on selected cardiovascular parameters and estimated maximum oxygen consumption in hypertensive patients. METHODS: Fifty (50) subjects with hypertension participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to 2 equal groups; A (DMT group) and B (Control group). Group A carried out dance movement therapy 2 times a week for 4 weeks while group B underwent some educational sessions 2 times a week for the same duration. All the subjects were on anti-hypertensive drugs. 38 subjects completed the study with the DMTgroup having a total of 23 subjects (10 males and 13 females) and the control group 15 subjects (6 males and 9 females). Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics of paired and independentt-testwere used for data analysis. RESULTS: Following four weeks of dance movement therapy, paired t-test analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the Resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP) (p < 0.001*), Resting diastolic blood pressure (RDBP) (p < 0.001*), Resting heart rate (RHR) (p = 0.024*), Maximum heart rate (MHR) (p=0.002*) and Estimated oxygen consumption (VO2max) (p = 0.023*) in subjects in group A (p < 0.05) while there was no significant difference observed in outcome variables of subjects in group B (p > 0.05). Independent t-test analysis between the differences in the pre and post intervention scores of groups A and B also showed statistically significant differences in all the outcome variables (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: DMT was effective in improving cardiovascular parameters and estimated maximum oxygen consumption in hypertensive patients.
Peri-operative deaths associated with ear, nose, throat, head and neck surgeries: a ten-year prospective survey.
Adobamen PR, Okata NU
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175911
BACKGROUND: Apart from severe psychological effect on members of the health team involved, peri-operative deathcan also have far reaching effects on the surgeon, hospital and the community. Peri-operative death has also...
BACKGROUND: Apart from severe psychological effect on members of the health team involved, peri-operative deathcan also have far reaching effects on the surgeon, hospital and the community. Peri-operative death has also been categorized as being avoidable and non-avoidable. OBJECTIVE: This study was therefore carried out to identify the factors that led to peri-operative deaths in our practice, with the aim of proferring preventive strategies. METHODS: All cases of peri-operative deaths associated with ear, nose, throat, head and neck(ENTH&N) surgeries in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH),Benin city, between January, 2001 and January, 2011 were prospectively surveyed. RESULTS: There were 6 peri-operative deaths out of a total of 1,138 recorded ear, nose, throat, head and neck surgeries in the UBTH during the study period. This gives a peri-operative mortality rate of 0.53% for ENTH & N surgeries. Most of the peri-operative deaths were associated with advanced head and neck cancers, tracheostomies and emergency procedures. Inexperience on the part of resident anaesthetists and surgeons, non-availability of critically needed blood and poor training of health personnel on post-tracheostomy patient management, were the main factors identified in the causation of the peri-operative deaths. CONCLUSION: Close supervision of residents by consultants, proper hospital funding and the requisite training of all health personnel are the recommendation to prevent these tragedies.
Hearing loss due to wax impaction.
Adobamen PR, Ogisi FO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175910
BACKGROUND: Deafness and hearing impairment are major causes of disability in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) has pointed out that much deafness and hearing impairment is avoidable or remediable...
BACKGROUND: Deafness and hearing impairment are major causes of disability in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) has pointed out that much deafness and hearing impairment is avoidable or remediable. A good proportion of patients presenting in the Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck (E,N,T,H &N) Surgery Clinic of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH),Benin City, have ear wax impaction causing hearing loss. OBJECTIVE: This study was therefore carried out to determine the prevalence of wax impaction among the aetiological factors for hearing loss, the type and severity of hearing loss due to wax impaction in our hospital. METHODS: Patients who met the inclusion criteria for the study were enrolled and Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) threshold for each ear with wax impaction was determined at 250Hz, 500Hz, 1KHz, 2KHz, 4KHz and 8KHz by air conduction, Also bone conduction measurements were obtained at 500Hz, 1KHz, 2KHz and 4KHz. RESULTS: Forty-two out of 471 ears with hearing loss had wax impaction in this study; giving a prevalence of 8.9% for wax impaction among the aetiological factors for hearing loss. The result showed that mild hearing loss was the average and predominant type of hearing loss in terms of severity. Pure tone audiograms showed conductive hearing loss in all the patients, while 8 out of the 42 ears had a super-imposed sensorineural component, which gave a mixed hearing loss forthe ears. CONCLUSION: Wax impaction is a relatively common cause of hearing loss, usually of the mild conductive type. Appropriate strategies should be put in place for its management.
X-ray pelvimetry and labour outcome in term pregnancy in a rural Nigerian population.
Irurhe NK, Duru FI, Ibeabuchi NM … +3 more , Adewunmi MA, Okanlawon OA, Adekola OO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175909
BACKGROUND: X-ray pelvimetry is a radiological investigation that involves the measurement of different anthropometric dimensions of the pelvis. The pelvic inlet and outlet play important role in labour outcome. The quer...
BACKGROUND: X-ray pelvimetry is a radiological investigation that involves the measurement of different anthropometric dimensions of the pelvis. The pelvic inlet and outlet play important role in labour outcome. The query as to whether x-ray pelvimetry has a useful predictive value regarding labour outcome prompted this study. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the use of X-ray pelvimetry is still relevant in term pregnancy, and its reliability in predicting labour outcome. METHOD: This was a retrospective study of pregnant patients who had X-ray pelvimetry at term and successfully delivered at a rural community based mission maternity hospital between 2005-2008. Each x- ray pelvimetry report was matched with the mode of delivery of the patient. 150 patients who were found suitable had data such as age, mode of delivery, etc, extracted. RESULTS: In a review of 150 X -ray pelvimetry films, 119 (79.33%) were categorised as adequate pelvis, 10(6.67%) borderline pelvis and 21 (14%) inadequate pelvis respectively based on the conclusions of the radiologist. Out of the 21 patients with inadequate pelvis, 14 (67%) had normal delivery and 7 (33%) had caesarean section. For the 10 patients with borderline pelvis, 7 (67%) had normal delivery and 3 (33%) had caesarean section. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated that X-ray pelvimetry may not be accurate but has fair predictive value on mode of delivery in term pregnancy.
Clinicohistopathological analysis of 5 Nigerian cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the jaws.
Effiom OA, Ajayi OF, Nwoga MC … +3 more , Ogundana OM, Adeyemo WL, Kolade MT
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 23175908
BACKGROUND: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), is a soft tissue sarcoma that occurs predominantly in the soft tissue of the extremities. It rarely occurs in facial bones. Few cases in the jaws have been reported. OBJE...
BACKGROUND: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), is a soft tissue sarcoma that occurs predominantly in the soft tissue of the extremities. It rarely occurs in facial bones. Few cases in the jaws have been reported. OBJECTIVE: To report and review the relevant clinicopathologic features of 5 cases of jaw MFHin Nigerians. METHODS: All cases in the records of the Department of Oral Pathology of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital which were histologically diagnosed as MFH were retrieved. Hematoxylin and eosin slides of cases were re-examined to confirm diagnosis. Information retrieved included age, sex, location, x-ray, estimated duration, recurrence, and histological presentation. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistical package. RESULTS: Age ranged between 12-42 years with a male sex predilection (3 cases/60.0%) and sole maxillary site predilection (5 cases/100.0%). Estimated duration of lesion ranged from 2 -12 months. Two cases recurred post surgical treatment. All cases presented as the storiform-pleomorphic type with one case presenting with a delicate/scanty connective tissue stroma. Chronic inflammation was scanty in the two cases that recurred. CONCLUSION: MFH of the jaws is rare among Nigerians. Its clinico radiological presentation maymimick other more aggressive or less benign lesions of the jaws thereby resulting in misdiagnosis and in appropriate patient management.
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