Recent Patents On Biotechnology[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases and their Future Aspects.
Firdaus A, Yunus MH, Izhar SK … +1 more , Afaq U
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2025 · PMID 38275072 · Publisher ↗
The utilization of medicinal plants in the treatment of respiratory diseases has a rich history dating back centuries. A vast body of research literature, including review articles, research papers, case studies, patents...
The utilization of medicinal plants in the treatment of respiratory diseases has a rich history dating back centuries. A vast body of research literature, including review articles, research papers, case studies, patents, and books, provides substantial evidence supporting the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases and injuries. This study delves into the diverse range of plant species known for their therapeutic properties, with a specific focus on their applications in respiratory health. Medicinal plants have played a crucial role as a source of ingredients for medications and the synthesis of drugs. Globally, over 35,000 plant species are employed for medicinal purposes, particularly in emerging countries where traditional medicine, predominantly plant-based pharmaceuticals, serves as a primary healthcare resource. This review highlights the significance of medicinal plants, such as aloe, ginger, turmeric, tulsi, and neem, in treating a wide array of common respiratory ailments. These plants contain bioactive compounds, including tannins, alkaloids, sugars, terpenoids, steroids, and flavonoids, which have diverse therapeutic applications. Some medicinal plants, notably and , exhibit potential for adjuvant symptomatic therapy in respiratory conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, asthma, the common cold, cough, and whooping cough. The leaves of medicinal plants like and are commonly used to address pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, colds, and cough. This review aims to shed light on specific medicinal plants with therapeutic value, providing valuable insights for researchers in the field of herbal medicine. These plants hold the potential to serve as novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of respiratory diseases.
Gonadotropic Activity of Pituitary Extract of African Catfish, , in Mammals using Immature Wistar Rats as Models.
Ubah SA, Abalaka SE, Asibor VC … +8 more , Ogundana EK, Iyojo IJ, Agbonu OA, Columbus PK, Abah KO, Obudu CE, Isaac OA, Ezinwo PA
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 38205775 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The pituitary glands normally produce and stores gonadotropic hormones (GnH) that are responsible for ovulation and spermiation in animals. However, whether fish pituitary extracts can elicit same effects in...
BACKGROUND: The pituitary glands normally produce and stores gonadotropic hormones (GnH) that are responsible for ovulation and spermiation in animals. However, whether fish pituitary extracts can elicit same effects in treated animals need elucidation as a prelude to their practical usage in animals. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the oestrus-inducing potential of the pituitary gland extract of the Africa Catfish () in immature Wistar rats. METHODS: The experiment involved the use of 18 immature female Wistar rats and 10 male catfish brood stocks with the use of six Wistar rats per groups as follows: Group A had human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment. Group B had only normal saline treatment as the control whereas Group C had the pituitary extract administration to induce oestrus with treatments occurring twice six hours apart in each group. RESULTS: There was an obvious expression of visible signs of heat and the presence of uterine horn oedema with significant ( < 0.05) increase in reproductive tract weight and uterine width and length. However, only progesterone levels increased significantly ( < 0.05) in the hCG and the pituitary extract treated groups compared to other assayed hormones. CONCLUSION: These results showed that pituitary extract has the capacity to induce oestrus in Wistar rats because of its gonadotropic effects, which needs further investigations at higher doses and for longer exposure periods for possible oestrus induction and synchronization in higher mammals. Further favourable results could herald the possible patent of the catfish pituitary extract for either experimental or commercial use in mammals.
Comparison of Five Escherichia coli Strains to Achieve the Maximum Yield of a Recombinant Immunotoxin Consisting of an Antibody against VEGF Conjugated with MAP30 Toxin in a Benchtop Bioreactor.
Zarei M, Morowvat MH
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 38205774 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide, imposing high costs on the health systems of all societies. Extensive biological studies are required to discover appropriate therapies. has long been r...
BACKGROUND: Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide, imposing high costs on the health systems of all societies. Extensive biological studies are required to discover appropriate therapies. has long been regarded as one of the main biotechnological bio-factories to produce recombinant protein-based therapeutics. In the present study, five strains of were compared to achieve the maximum production of a previously designed recombinant immunotoxin-carrying MAP30 toxin against VEGF-overexpressed cancer cells in a benchtop bioreactor. METHODS: The recombinant immunotoxin coding gene sequence was extracted from the NCBI database. The host used to produce the recombinant immunotoxin were five strains of BL21 (DE3), DH5α, SHuffleT7, XL1-Blue, and Rosetta-gami (DE3). CaCl method was used for bacterial transformation. Bacterial growth measurements were performed using optical density measurements at 600 nm. The immunotoxin production was measured using SDS-PAGE analysis. The best-producing strain was cultivated in a 10-L benchtop stirred tank bioreactor. Recent patents on this field were also studied. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that the BL21 (DE3) strain had the highest expression of recombinant protein in comparison to other strains. Moreover, the cell growth of BL21 (DE3) and SHuffleT7 strains before transformation in the LB medium, were significantly higher in comparison to other strains. Additionally, the transformation of Rosettagami was associated with decreased cell proliferation. The transformation of the XL1-Blue strain did not effect cell growth. Analysis of the growth kinetics demonstrated appropriate proliferation of the transformed BL21 (DE3) cells in the laboratory benchtop bioreactor. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, the BL21 (DE3) strain could be used as a suitable host for the production of the recombinant immunotoxin against VEGF in stirred tank bioreactor, which can be employed for the treatment of tumors. Yet, its precise mechanism must be explored in extensive studies.
The Role of Light on the Microalgae Biotechnology: Fundamentals, Technological Approaches, and Sustainability Issues.
Sartori RB, Deprá MC, Dias RR … +3 more , Fagundes MB, Zepka LQ, Jacob-Lopes E
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 38205773 · Publisher ↗
Light energy directly affects microalgae growth and productivity. Microalgae in natural environments receive light through solar fluxes, and their duration and distribution are highly variable over time. Consequently, mi...
Light energy directly affects microalgae growth and productivity. Microalgae in natural environments receive light through solar fluxes, and their duration and distribution are highly variable over time. Consequently, microalgae must adjust their photosynthetic processes to avoid photo limitation and photoinhibition and maximize yield. Considering these circumstances, adjusting light capture through artificial lighting in the main culture systems benefits microalgae growth and induces the production of commercially important compounds. In this sense, this review provides a comprehensive study of the role of light in microalgae biotechnology. For this, we present the main fundamentals and reactions of metabolism and metabolic alternatives to regulate photosynthetic conversion in microalgae cells. Light conversions based on natural and artificial systems are compared, mainly demonstrating the impact of solar radiation on natural systems and lighting devices, spectral compositions, periodic modulations, and light fluxes when using artificial lighting systems. The most commonly used photobioreactor design and performance are shown herein, in addition to a more detailed discussion of light-dependent approaches in these photobioreactors. In addition, we present the principal advances in photobioreactor projects, focusing on lighting, through a patent-based analysis to map technological trends. Lastly, sustainability and economic issues in commercializing microalgae products were presented.
Nano Lipid Carriers as a Promising Drug Delivery Carrier for Neurodegenerative Disorders - An Overview of Recent Advances.
Kumar V, Nair SC
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 38205772 · Publisher ↗
The last few decades have seen a rise in the number of deaths caused by neurological disorders. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is very complex and has multiple mechanisms, makes drug delivery to the brain challengi...
The last few decades have seen a rise in the number of deaths caused by neurological disorders. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is very complex and has multiple mechanisms, makes drug delivery to the brain challenging for many scientists. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) such as nanoemulsions, solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, and nano lipid carriers (NLCs) exhibit enhanced bioavailability and flexibility among these nanocarriers. NLCs are found to be very effective. In the last few decades, they have been a center of attraction for controlled drug delivery. According to the current global status of specific neurological disorders, out of all LNPs, NLC significantly reduces the cross-permeability of drugs through the BBB due to their peculiar properties. They offer a host of advantages over other carriers because of their biocompatibility, safety, non-toxicity, non-irritating behavior, stability, high encapsulation efficiency, high drug loading, high drug targeting, control of drug release, and ease in manufacturing. The biocompatible lipid matrix is ideally suited as a drug carrier system due to the nano-size range. For certain neurological conditions such as Parkinsonism, Alzheimer's, Epilepsy, Multiple sclerosis, and Brain cancer, we examined recent advances in NLCs to improve brain targeting of bioactive with special attention to formulation aspects and pharmacokinetic characteristics. This article also provides a brief overview of a critical approach for brain targeting, , direct nose-to-brain drug delivery and some recent patents published on NLC".
Innovative Nanomaterials for Targeting Hypoxia to Improve Treatment for Triple-negative Breast Cancer.
Ray SK, Mukherjee S
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37957916 · Publisher ↗
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer with a high rate of metastases, a short overall survival time, and a poor response to targeted therapy. Improving tumor hypoxia by lowering the oxygen c...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer with a high rate of metastases, a short overall survival time, and a poor response to targeted therapy. Improving tumor hypoxia by lowering the oxygen consumption rate of breast tumor cells is a powerful strategy. A viable way to address this issue is to improve therapeutic efficacy by improving the effectiveness of radiation and overcoming drug resistance in TNBC treatment by controlling hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment. The failure of radiation and chemotherapy in TNBC is frequently caused by hypoxia. In TNBC therapy, novel nanomaterials are used for oxygen delivery or generation to affect the tumor microenvironment to improve the effects of ionizing radiation using nanoplatforms. One of the growing fields is novel nano-based drug delivery devices for hypoxic regions and hypoxia- inducible factor-1 (HIF1) targeted therapeutics. Biocompatible nanoparticles may be used in the treatment of TNBC patients in the clinic. Because of the rising market and competition, intellectual property rights (IPR), patents, and tactics may be critically considered. To better comprehend the current state of IPR and patents in cancer nanotechnology, this overview examines recent advances and sophisticated protection measures in this area.
Human DNA Mutations and their Impact on Genetic Disorders.
Samir S
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37936448 · Publisher ↗
DNA is a remarkably precise medium for copying and storing biological information. It serves as a design for cellular machinery that permits cells, organs, and even whole organisms to work. The fidelity of DNA replicatio...
DNA is a remarkably precise medium for copying and storing biological information. It serves as a design for cellular machinery that permits cells, organs, and even whole organisms to work. The fidelity of DNA replication results from the action of hundreds of genes involved in proofreading and damage repair. All human cells can acquire genetic changes in their DNA all over life. Genetic mutations are changes to the DNA sequence that happen during cell division when the cells make copies of themselves. Mutations in the DNA can cause genetic illnesses such as cancer, or they could help humans better adapt to their environment over time. The endogenous reactive metabolites, therapeutic medicines, and an excess of environmental mutagens, such as UV rays all continuously damage DNA, compromising its integrity. One or more chromosomal alterations and point mutations at a single site (monogenic mutation) including deletions, duplications, and inversions illustrate such DNA mutations. Genetic conditions can occur when an altered gene is inherited from parents, which increases the risk of developing that particular condition, or some gene alterations can happen randomly. Moreover, symptoms of genetic conditions depend on which gene has a mutation. There are many different diseases and conditions caused by mutations. Some of the most common genetic conditions are Alzheimer's disease, some cancers, cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, and sickle cell disease. Interestingly, scientists find that DNA mutations are more common than formerly thought. This review outlines the main DNA mutations that occur along the human genome and their influence on human health. The subject of patents pertaining to DNA mutations and genetic disorders has been brought up.
Innovation and Patenting Activities During COVID-19 and Advancement of Biochemical and Molecular Diagnosis in the Post- COVID-19 Era.
Ray SK, Mukherjee S
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37779409 · Publisher ↗
The COVID-19 pandemic is to escalate globally and acquire new mutations quickly, so accurate diagnostic technologies play a vital role in controlling and understanding the epidemiology of the disease. A plethora of techn...
The COVID-19 pandemic is to escalate globally and acquire new mutations quickly, so accurate diagnostic technologies play a vital role in controlling and understanding the epidemiology of the disease. A plethora of technologies acquires diagnosis of individuals and informs clinical management of COVID. Some important biochemical parameters for COVID diagnosis are the elevation of liver enzymes, creatinine, and nonspecific inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6). The main progression predictors are lymphopenia, elevated D-dimer, and hyperferritinemia, although it is also necessary to consider LDH, CPK, and troponin in the marker panel of diagnosis. Owing to the greater sensitivity and accuracy, molecular technologies such as conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, nested PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and xMAP technology have been extensively used for COVID diagnosis for some time now. To make so many diagnostics accessible to general people, many techniques may be exploited, including point of care (POC), also called bedside testing, which is developing as a portable promising tool in pathogen identification. Some other lateral flow assay (LFA)-centered techniques like SHERLOCK, CRISPR-Cas12a (AIOD-CRISPR), and FNCAS9 editor limited uniform detection assay (FELUDA), etc. have shown auspicious results in the rapid detection of pathogens. More recently, low-cost sequencing and advancements in big data management have resulted in a slow but steady rise of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based approaches for diagnosis that have potential relevance for clinical purposes and may pave the way toward a better future. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, various institutions provided free, specialized websites and tools to promote research and access to critically needed advanced solutions by alleviating research and analysis of data within a substantial body of scientific and patent literature regarding biochemical and molecular diagnosis published since January 2020. This circumstance is unquestionably unique and difficult for anyone using patent information to find pertinent disclosures at a specific date in a trustworthy manner.
Herbal Technological Prospects of L.: A Systematic Patent Analysis Review.
Alves LP, Dos Santos WM, de Souza ML … +2 more , Rolim LA, Rolim-Neto PJ
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37605394 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: L. is a plant with significant potential for drug development due to the presence of numerous bioactive compounds in its various parts. OBJECTIVES: This article aims to compile the technological perspectives...
BACKGROUND: L. is a plant with significant potential for drug development due to the presence of numerous bioactive compounds in its various parts. OBJECTIVES: This article aims to compile the technological perspectives of L. towards drug development and therapeutic indications based on registered patents in databases. METHODS: The study analyzed patents published within the last five years, focusing on products derived from different parts of the L. plant. Patent databases such as the European Patent Office (EPO), the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), and the National Institute of Industrial Property Databases (INPI) were examined. RESULTS: A total of 45 patents were categorized by country of origin, type of applicant, extraction method, and therapeutic indications. China had the highest number of patent filings (43.48%), and private companies were the primary technology patent holders (38.64%). Noteworthy extraction methods included ultrasound-assisted extraction, decoction, infusion, and maceration. The most utilized plant parts were leaves (44.44%), followed by fruits (35.56%), root bark (15.56%), and stems (4.44%). The main therapeutic indications identified were the treatment of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia (43.33%), along with digestive problems, cosmetics, nutrition, and cleaning applications. CONCLUSION: The study of patents covers discoveries and advancements often absent in scientific articles, making a review focused on this advanced information crucial for expanding existing scientific knowledge. Even if some therapies have been explored previously, patents can reveal innovative approaches and fresh perspectives that contribute to sustained scientific progress.
Potentials of Stem Cell Therapy in Patients Infected with COVID- 19: A Systematic Review.
Tamis Z, Sadeghi F, Heydari A … +2 more , Mirza SS, Morowvat MH
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37594090 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: In the present study, we have examined different aspects and potentials of stem cells for the management of patients infected with COVID-19. BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been rep...
INTRODUCTION: In the present study, we have examined different aspects and potentials of stem cells for the management of patients infected with COVID-19. BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been reported in most of the countries and territories (>230) of the world with .686 million confirmed cases (as of Apr. 22, 2023). While the scientific community is working to develop vaccines and develop drugs against the COVID-19 pandemic, novel alternative therapies may reduce the mortality rate. Recently, the application of stem cells for critically ill COVID-19 patients in a small group of patients has been examined. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to July 2022. Those studies that reviewed COVID-19 and cell therapy potentials were entered into the study. Moreover, some recently published patents were exploited and reviewed. Patentscope, USPTO, Espacenet, Free Patents Online, and Google Patents were used for patent searches. RESULTS: Cell-based therapy as a modality of regenerative medicine is considered one of the most promising disciplines in the fields of modern science and medicine. Such an advanced technology offers endless possibilities for transformative and potentially curative treatments for some of the most life-threatening diseases. This therapeutic tool can be useful to reduce the rate of mortality. There have been several published patents for different stem cell therapy platforms in recent years. CONCLUSION: Stem cell therapy could be considered a safe and effective therapeutic strategy to reduce death cases in patients infected with COVID-19. Besides, stem cell therapy might increase the pulmonary functions in the patients, it suppresses the occurring inflammations and ameliorates the symptoms.
Role of Algal-derived Bioactive Compounds in Human Health.
Tripathi G, Dubey P, Ahmad S … +2 more , Farooqui A, Mishra V
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37537776 · Publisher ↗
Algae is emerging as a bioresource with high biological potential. Various algal strains have been used in traditional medicines and human diets worldwide. They are a rich source of bioactive compounds like ascorbic acid...
Algae is emerging as a bioresource with high biological potential. Various algal strains have been used in traditional medicines and human diets worldwide. They are a rich source of bioactive compounds like ascorbic acid, riboflavin, pantothenate, biotin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, phycocyanins, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), adrenic acid (ARA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), etc. Beta-carotene, astaxanthin, and phycobiliproteins are different classes of pigments that are found in algae. They possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. The sulfur-coated polysaccharides in algae have been used as an anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral agent. Scientists have exploited algal-derived bioactive compounds for developing lead molecules against several diseases. Due to the surge in research on bioactive molecules from algae, industries have started showing interest in patenting for the large-scale production of bioactive compounds having applications in sectors like pharmaceuticals, food, and beverage. In the food industry, algae are used as a thickening, gelling, and stabilizing agent. Due to their gelling and thickening characteristics, the most valuable algae products are macroalgal polysaccharides such as agar, alginates, and carrageenan. The high protein, lipid, and nutrient content in microalgae makes it a superfood for aquaculture. The present review aims at describing various non-energy-based applications of algae in pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals. This review attempts to analyze information on algal-derived drugs that have shown better potential and reached clinical trials.
Design and Evaluation of a Novel Therapeutic Agent Against the Spike Protein as a Novel Treatment Strategy for COVID-19 Treatment.
Sarmadi S, Rahbar MR, Najafi H … +2 more , Chukwudozie OS, Morowvat MH
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37231757 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory disease that is associated with severe damage to other human organs. It causes by a novel coronavirus, and it is spreading all over the world. To dat...
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory disease that is associated with severe damage to other human organs. It causes by a novel coronavirus, and it is spreading all over the world. To date, there is some approved vaccine or therapeutic agent which could be effective against this disease. But their effectiveness against mutated strains is not studied completely. The spike glycoprotein on the surface of the coronaviruses gives the virus the ability to bind to host cell receptors and enter cells. Inhibition of attachment of these spikes can lead to virus neutralization by inhibiting viral entrance. AIMS: In this study, we tried to use the virus entrance strategy against itself by utilizing virus receptor (ACE-2) in order to design an engineered protein consisting of a human Fc antibody fragment and a part of ACE-2, which reacts with virus RBD, and we also evaluated this interaction by computational methods and methods. Subsequently, we have designed a new protein structure to bind with this site and inhibit the virus from attaching to its cell receptor, mechanically or chemically. METHODS: Various software, bioinformatics, and patent databases were used to retrieve the requested gene and protein sequences. The physicochemical properties and possibility of allergenicity were also examined. Three-dimensional structure prediction and molecular docking were also performed to develop the most suitable therapeutic protein. RESULTS: The designed protein consisted of a total of 256 amino acids with a molecular weight of 28984.62 and 5.92 as a theoretical isoelectric point. Instability and aliphatic index and grand average of hydropathicity are 49.99, 69.57 and -0.594, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: studies can provide a good opportunity to study viral proteins and new drugs or compounds since they do not need direct exposure to infectious agents or equipped laboratories. The suggested therapeutic agent should be further characterized and .
Technology Prospection of Ora-pro-Nóbis ( Mill.): A Non-conventional Food Plant.
Sá KM, Soares IL, de Souza Leão MV … +8 more , Ferreira MIC, do Nascimento PGG, Pontes CM, da Hora AM, Leal LP, de Oliveira MN, Bandeira MAM, Pontes DF
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37138429 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The ora-pro-nóbis ( Mill.) is a plant from Brazilian biodiversity used for food and medicinal purposes. It has ample technological potential, however, it is still underutilized, being classified as a Non-Conv...
BACKGROUND: The ora-pro-nóbis ( Mill.) is a plant from Brazilian biodiversity used for food and medicinal purposes. It has ample technological potential, however, it is still underutilized, being classified as a Non-Conventional Food Plant (PANC). Prospective studies in intellectual property banks make it possible to expand perspectives for scientific research, enhancing the generation of new products. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the patents of products containing Mill. for the areas of food and health in intellectual property databases. METHODS: The study was conducted through structured prospective investigation (collection, processing and analysis) in 4 patent databases: National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI) - Brazil, United States Patent and Trademark Office, World Trade Organization Intellectual Property (WIPO) and Espacenet. RESULTS: The evaluation showed a reduced number of registered patents. In general, 8 patent applications were examined, of which 7 are directly associated with the species (and its derivatives) and 1 is related to a device specially designed for harvesting leaves/fruits and removing thorns. The focus of the patents was the use of the species in the food, pharmaceutical and biotechnological areas, with emphasis on the use of the leaves in the extraction of mucilage and proteins. CONCLUSION: This study showed that Mill. is a technologically promising plant, because of its nutritional and medicinal composition, and it is important to encourage innovation and the development of new products with the species.
Direct Organogenesis of Citrus Cultivars from Shoot Tip Nodal Segments.
Yusuf Z, Desta M, Mohammed W
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37073147 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Citrus cultivar improvement via conventional breeding strategies is impeded by factors related to its reproductive biology. The orange is a hybrid between pomelo () and mandarin (). Among various orange culti...
BACKGROUND: Citrus cultivar improvement via conventional breeding strategies is impeded by factors related to its reproductive biology. The orange is a hybrid between pomelo () and mandarin (). Among various orange cultivars, Valencia oranges have a bit of bitter tang mixed in with their sweetness, as Navel oranges are, the most widely cultivated citrus species, quite sweeter, and also don't contain any seeds. Tangelo mandarin orange cultivar is a hybrid of or . OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to optimize the hormonal composition of the media with regard to plant growth regulators for propagation of sweet orange cultivars from nodal segment explants. METHODS: The nodal segment explants were collected from three citrus cultivars, Washington Navel, Valencia and Tangelo. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with sucrose and different concentrations of growth regulators was used for shoot proliferation and root induction, and the optimum medium composition was assessed. The patent for Citrus Tissue Culture was obtained from the Office of Research Affairs, Haramaya University. RESULTS: The results indicate that the highest shoot response was recorded for Washington's navel with maximum shoot proliferation rate (99.75%), shoot number per explant (1.76), shoot length (10.70 cm), leaf number per explants (3.54) after three weeks of culture. In all experiments, no growth was observed for the basal MS medium. Phytohormone combinations of IAA (1.2 mg/L) and kinetin (2.0 mg/L) were found to be the best for shoot proliferation. Among the cultivars, there were significant differences for the highest rooting rate (81.255), root number (2.22), and root length (2.95 cm) variables for Washington Navel. The lowest rooting rate (48.45%), root number (1.47) and root length (2.26 cm) were observed for Valencia. The highest rooting rate (84.90%), root number per microshoot (2.22) and root length (3.05 cm) was on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L NAA. CONCLUSION: A comparison of different concentrations of IAA and NAA on root induction of microshoots from nodal segments of citrus cultivars demonstrated NAA was a more effective hormone than IAA.
Development of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase Fused with Archaeal DNA-binding Protein Sis7a.
Simanjuntak GM, Fibriani A, Fananda AA … +1 more , Yamahoki N
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2024 · PMID 37016518 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase (MMLV RT) is a common enzyme used to convert RNA sequences into cDNA. However, it still has its shortcomings, especially in terms of processivity and ther...
INTRODUCTION: Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase (MMLV RT) is a common enzyme used to convert RNA sequences into cDNA. However, it still has its shortcomings, especially in terms of processivity and thermostability. According to a previous patent, the fusion of polymerase enzyme to an archaeal DNA-binding protein has been proven to enhance its performance. Furthermore, recent studies have also stated that the fusion of a polymerase enzyme to an archaeal DNA-binding protein is predicted to improve its thermostability and processivity. AIM: As an early stage of enzyme development, this study aimed to design, express, and purify enzymatically active MMLV RT fused with archaeal DNA-binding protein. METHODS: RT fusion proteins were designed and evaluated using methods. The RT fusion enzyme was then expressed in BL21(DE3) and purified. Its reverse transcriptional activity was proved using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS: This study showed that MMLV RT fusion with Sis7a protein at its C-terminal end using commercial linker (GGVDMI) produced the best evaluation results. The RT fusion was successfully expressed and purified. It was also known that the optimal condition for expression of the RT fusion was using 0.5 mM IPTG with post-induction incubation at room temperature (± 26°C) for 16 hours. In addition, the activity assay proved that the RT fusion has the reverse transcriptional activity. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the designed MMLV RT Sis7a fusion can be expressed and purified, is enzymatically active, and has the potential to be developed as an improved RT enzyme. Further study is still needed to prove its thermostability and processivity, and further characterize, and plan production scale-up of the MMLV RT Sis7a fusion for commercial use.
Enzymatic Properties of Red Beet ( L.) Leaf, Root Pulp, and Peel.
Sileshi T, Yusuf Z, Desta M
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2023 · PMID 36722474 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Beetroot (Beta vulgaris</i> L.) is botanically classified as a herbaceous biennial belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family and has several varieties with bulb colors ranging from yellow to red. Peroxidases are...
BACKGROUND: Beetroot (Beta vulgaris</i> L.) is botanically classified as a herbaceous biennial belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family and has several varieties with bulb colors ranging from yellow to red. Peroxidases are widely occurring in organisms including microorganisms, plants, and animals, and have been involved in various physiological and biochemical functions. OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of enzyme extracts from red beet leaves, root pulp, and peel. METHODS: The enzyme extraction involved the homogenization of the sample and filtrate in cold acetone and then the filtrate was homogenized in 0.1M sodium acetate buffer, pH 7. The protein content was determined using the Lowry assay using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a standard protein. Then, enzymatic activity was determined by peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase assays. The patent for biological activity of enzymes was obtained from the Office of Career Development, Haramaya University. The antioxidant activities of the enzyme extract were conducted by using DPPH and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging activities. RESULTS: The result indicated that the Enzymatic activity of crude enzyme extract of red beet leaf, root pulp and peel indicated that significantly the highest total soluble protein (16.68 mg/ml), peroxidase activity (PODA, 111.50 U/ml), polyphenol oxidase activity (PPOA, 170.90 U/ml), polyphenol oxidase specific activity (PPOspa, 10.25 U/mg), catalase activity (CATA, 180.50 U/ml) and catalase specific activity (CATspa, 10.82 U/mg), were recorded for red beet leaf enzyme extract. The antioxidant activity of the enzyme extracts demonstrated that significantly higher DPPH radical scavenging activity of leaf extract (59.16) and peel extract (61.92) were recorded. The Pearson correlation coefficient of enzyme activity parameters and free radical scavenging activities presented that protein content was significantly and positively correlated with CATA, PPOA, and PPOspa. Catalase- specific activity (CATspa) was significant and positively correlated only with HPSA. Peroxidase-specific activity (PODspa) was significant and positively correlated with PODA and DPPH. Based on the plot for principal component PC2 vs. PC1 for D statistics DPPH, PODA, and PODspa have close PC1 and PC2 scores (with vector angle < 90° showing similar/correlated effects. CONCLUSION: In this study, B. vulgaris</i> has shown promising peroxidase enzyme activity. Beetroot peel contained higher antioxidant compounds thus promising a more intense utilization of the peels in food and nutraceuticals.
A Compact and Efficient Brine Shrimp Hatching Device.
Machado Cardoso A
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2023 · PMID 36655528 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Artemia is considered an indispensable live food for rearing many fish and crustacean larvae and can be used in toxicity tests as a safe, practical, and economical method. It is straightforward to create and...
BACKGROUND: Artemia is considered an indispensable live food for rearing many fish and crustacean larvae and can be used in toxicity tests as a safe, practical, and economical method. It is straightforward to create and manipulate; however, many cysts do not hatch as expected. METHODS: A new device was used to hatch Artemia salina. The device includes a tubularshaped reservoir, lid with a central hole, heater with a thermostat, air compressor, three porous stones, funnel-shaped bottom, light source, collection valve, switch, and electrical outlet, which permits better control of temperature and aeration in a single apparatus. Different patent devices were used for comparative analysis. RESULTS: Hatched eggs of Artemia showed that the device was 97% efficient; in comparison, commercial and other devices hatched approximately less than 80% of the cysts. Although Artemia is an easy-to-handle animal, the device described here facilitates changes in the growth parameters and produces more nauplii larvae. CONCLUSION: This paper presents a new device that is effective, compact, and successful for hatching brine shrimp cysts, thereby improving Artemia production.
Recent Patents on the Industrial Application of Biosurfactants.
de Oliveira MA, Silva FF, Tarabal VS … +7 more , Livio DF, Meira HGR, Gonçalves PFR, Parreira AG, da Silva JA, Gonçalves DB, Granjeiro PA
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2023 · PMID 36650654 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Biosurfactants are natural bioactive compounds produced from fungi, bacteria and plants. These molecules have several properties that enable them to be involved in various industrial applications. The surface...
BACKGROUND: Biosurfactants are natural bioactive compounds produced from fungi, bacteria and plants. These molecules have several properties that enable them to be involved in various industrial applications. The surface-active properties of biosurfactants allow their use in various sectors, such as agriculture, health, cosmetics, bioremediation/ petroleum, mining, and bioprocess. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the patents deposited in intellectual property databases for applications of biosurfactants in the areas of agriculture, health, cosmetics, bioremediation/petroleum, mining, and bioprocesses, with the research period consisting of the last six years. METHODS: This study targeted the use of biosurfactants in various industrial sectors. The patent search was carried out using the Google Patents platform, a platform that is commonly used for this purpose and freely accessible. RESULTS: During the search for patents related to applications of biosurfactants in industry filed in the last 6 years, results were found to be distributed in the following areas: agriculture (70), cosmetics (2311), bioremediation/petroleum (179), health (1794), mining (5), and bioprocess (133). Six patents were selected from each area, except for health and mining, for which the search resulted in only 5 and 4 patents, respectively, to be discussed and provide information on the biotechnological applications of biosurfactants in the industry. CONCLUSION: The present study showed a wide area of application of biosurfactants in industry. The interest in the inclusion of biosurfactants in the industry is directly related to the need for more sustainable solutions to solve real market problems. The cosmetics sector presented the most patents that employ the use of biosurfactants.
Patent and Marketing Exclusivities 101 for Drug Developers.
Oronsky B, Caroen S, Brinkhaus F … +3 more , Reid T, Stirn M, Kumar R
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2023 · PMID 36635930 · Full text
Despite an ever-increasing need for newer, safer, more effective, and more affordable therapies to treat a multitude of diseases and conditions, drug development takes too long, costs too much, and is too uncertain to be...
Despite an ever-increasing need for newer, safer, more effective, and more affordable therapies to treat a multitude of diseases and conditions, drug development takes too long, costs too much, and is too uncertain to be undertaken without the conferment of exclusionary rights or entry barriers to motivate and sustain investment in it. These entry barriers take the form of patents that protect intellectual property and marketing exclusivity provisions that are provided by statute. This review focuses on the basic ins and outs of regulatory and patent exclusivities for which new chemical entities (NCEs), referring to never-before approved drugs with an entirely new active ingredient, are eligible and uses RRx-001, a small molecule aerospace-derived NCE in development for the treatment of cancer, radiation toxicity, and diseases of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, as a "real world" example. This is intended as a '101-type' of primer; its aim is to help developers of original pharmaceuticals navigate the maze of patents, other IP regulations, and statutory exclusivities in major markets so that they can make proper use of them.
Levothyroxine Sodium - Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy for Hypothyroidism: A Review of Patent Literature.
Upadhyay U, Vora PA, Patel R … +1 more , Prajapati B
Recent Pat Biotechnol · 2023 · PMID 36515027 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Levothyroxine Sodium is a thyroid hormone replacement therapy for Hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine Sodium is approved to treat Hypothyroidisim, to suppress thyroid hormone release from cancerous thyroid nodules,...
BACKGROUND: Levothyroxine Sodium is a thyroid hormone replacement therapy for Hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine Sodium is approved to treat Hypothyroidisim, to suppress thyroid hormone release from cancerous thyroid nodules, and to prevent the growth of goiters. In addition, it is also used to treat conditions such as myxedema, cretinism, and obesity. OBJECTIVE: This assessment highlights the overview of the recent patents of Levothyroxine Sodium. This review includes patents grouped in sections like product patents, process patents, and composition-related patents, along with the treatment methodology. The objective of this article is to impel pseudoscientists to all existing patents in a solitary place. METHODS: Data were gathered from various internet-based resources, including Patentscope ® (WIPO), Worldwide Espacenet® (EPO), Google Patents, and InPASS (Indian patent database). RESULTS: Several new processes and composition-related patents of Levothyroxine Sodium have been reported. Further, due to the problem of photosensitivity, oxidation during development, and stability of Levothyroxine Sodium formulation, several excipients are tried in these patents to stabilize the same. However, the formulation of Levothyroxine Sodium with better characteristics needs to be developed. CONCLUSION: Extensive exposure has been carried out towards various processes for the preparation of Levothyroxine Sodium and the composition of the same. This sort of dynamic exploration will clear the path for many generic players, which will lead to the reduction of the expense of the composition and accordingly enhance global health care at a less expensive cost.
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