Topics In Current Chemistry[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Endohedral Metallofullerenes: Unveiling Synthesis Mechanisms and Advancing Photoelectric Energy Conversion Applications.
Chen W, Huang M, Wu M … +1 more , Lei Y
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Mar · PMID 40085336 · Publisher ↗
Endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) have garnered significant attention for their distinctive properties and potential integration into cutting-edge photoelectric devices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of...
Endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) have garnered significant attention for their distinctive properties and potential integration into cutting-edge photoelectric devices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in EMF synthesis, highlighting the novel "self-driven carbon atom implantation" approach that sheds new light on the underlying mechanisms of EMF formation. The discussion delves into pivotal challenges related to yield optimization and purification processes, addressing current limitations and the imperative need for scalable synthesis and improved stability. Furthermore, the review explores the burgeoning applications of EMFs in photoelectric energy conversion, focusing on their capacity to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. Their unique electronic structures and tunable energy levels are highlighted as key factors contributing to improved charge separation and overall performance. In conclusion, this review offers a forward-looking perspective on interdisciplinary research avenues essential for harnessing the full potential of EMFs. It underscores the need for collaborative efforts across materials science, chemistry, and nanotechnology to overcome existing hurdles and to integrate EMFs into next-generation energy conversion technologies, thereby paving the way for more efficient and sustainable energy solutions.
Recent Advances in Smart Linkage Strategies for Developing Drug Conjugates for Targeted Delivery.
Zhang J, Yang Z, Liu Y … +3 more , Liu Y, Qu J, Pan X
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Mar · PMID 40080285 · Publisher ↗
Targeted drug delivery systems effectively solve the problem of off-target toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs by combining chemotherapeutic drugs with antibodies or peptides, thereby promoting drug targeting to the tumor...
Targeted drug delivery systems effectively solve the problem of off-target toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs by combining chemotherapeutic drugs with antibodies or peptides, thereby promoting drug targeting to the tumor site and bringing further hope for cancer treatment. The development of stimulus-responsive smart linkage technologies has led to the emergence of drug conjugates. Linkage technologies play a crucial role in the design, synthesis, and in vivo circulation of drug conjugates, as they determine the release of cytotoxic drugs from the conjugates and their subsequent therapeutic efficacy. This article reviews some of the smart linkage strategies used in designing drug conjugates, with a focus on the tumor microenvironment and exogenous stimuli as conditions influencing controlled drug release. This review introduces linker classifications and cleavage mechanisms, discusses modular linkers that promote the efficient synthesis of conjugates, and discusses the differences between linkage strategies. Furthermore, this article focuses on the implementation of self-assembly in drug conjugates, which is currently of great interest. Related concepts are introduced and relevant examples of their applications are provided. Furthermore, a comprehensive discourse is presented on the challenges that may arise in the research and clinical implementation of diverse linkage strategies, along with the associated enhancement measures. Finally, the factors that should be considered when designing linkage strategies for drug conjugates are summarized, offering strategies and ideas for scientists involved in drug conjugate research. It is particularly noteworthy that appropriate linkage strategies allow for the intracellular release of drugs after internalization of the conjugates, thereby maximizing their tumor cell-killing effect.
Toward Realization of Bioorthogonal Chemistry in the Clinic.
de Roode KE, Rossin R, Robillard MS
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Mar · PMID 40042792 · Full text
In the last decade, the use of bioorthogonal chemistry toward medical applications has increased tremendously. Besides being useful for the production of pharmaceuticals, the efficient, nontoxic reactions open possibilit...
In the last decade, the use of bioorthogonal chemistry toward medical applications has increased tremendously. Besides being useful for the production of pharmaceuticals, the efficient, nontoxic reactions open possibilities for the development of therapies that rely on in vivo chemistry between two bioorthogonal components. Here we discuss the latest developments in bioorthogonal chemistry, with a focus on their use in living organisms, the translation from model systems to humans, and the challenges encountered during preclinical development. We aim to provide the reader a broad presentation of the current state of the art and demonstrate the numerous possibilities that bioorthogonal reactions have for clinical use, now and in the near future.
CO Fixation into Useful Aromatic Carboxylic Acids via C (sp)-X Bonds Functionalization.
Chen Y, Chen M, Li X … +3 more , Xu X, Yin SF, Qiu R
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Mar · PMID 40029504 · Publisher ↗
Carbon dioxide (CO) is an abundant and readily available carbon source. Its transformation into high-added-value chemicals is a beneficial strategy, which mitigates greenhouse gas emissions and provides new raw material...
Carbon dioxide (CO) is an abundant and readily available carbon source. Its transformation into high-added-value chemicals is a beneficial strategy, which mitigates greenhouse gas emissions and provides new raw material sources for the chemical industry. Among these chemicals, the aromatic carboxylic acids and derivatives have broad applications in medicine, pesticides, and materials science. Therefore, the carboxylation of C(sp)-X (X = metal, halide, H, O, or S) bonds with CO to efficiently construct aromatic carboxylic acids and their derivatives is a synthetic strategy of significance. This review highlights the recent progress in constructing carboxylic acids and derivatives through the carboxylation of C(sp)-X bonds with CO including literature published from 2000 to December 2024.
From Fundamentals to Synthesis: Covalent Organic Frameworks as Promising Materials for CO Adsorption.
Aslam AA, Amjad S, Irshad A … +7 more , Kokab O, Ullah MS, Farid A, Mehmood RA, Hassan SU, Nazir MS, Ahmed M
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Feb · PMID 39987291 · Publisher ↗
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are highly crystalline polymers that possess exceptional porosity and surface area, making them a subject of significant research interest. COF materials are synthesized by chemically l...
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are highly crystalline polymers that possess exceptional porosity and surface area, making them a subject of significant research interest. COF materials are synthesized by chemically linking organic molecules in a repetitive arrangement, creating a highly effective porous crystalline structure that adsorbs and retains gases. They are highly effective in removing impurities, such as CO, because of their desirable characteristics, such as durability, high reactivity, stable porosity, and increased surface area. This study offers a background overview, encompassing a concise discussion of the current issue of excessive carbon emissions, and a synopsis of the materials most frequently used for CO collection. This review provides a detailed overview of COF materials, particularly emphasizing their synthesis methods and applications in carbon capture. It presents the latest research findings on COFs synthesized using various covalent bond formation techniques. Moreover, it discusses emerging trends and future prospects in this particular field.
Understanding the Electrochemical MOF Sensors in Detecting Cancer with Special Emphasis on Breast Carcinoma Biomarkers.
Mohan B, Modi K, Singh G … +6 more , Paul A, Garazade IM, Pombeiro AJL, Liu X, Sun W, Kim SS
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Feb · PMID 39966301 · Publisher ↗
Cancer is a disease that claims millions of lives each year, often because early symptoms go unnoticed, a situation which severely impacts society. Point-of-care biosensors using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have the...
Cancer is a disease that claims millions of lives each year, often because early symptoms go unnoticed, a situation which severely impacts society. Point-of-care biosensors using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have the power to transform cancer biomarker detection due to their exceptional structural and conductive properties. This review discusses the electrochemical sensor's design and development of electroactive MOF materials with mechanistic insights. It highlights recent advancements in utilizing MOF composites to effectively detect cancer biomarkers in real samples. The emphasis on the critical application of MOFs in breast cancer biomarker detection presents its importance for women's health. The review thoroughly examines the adjustable structures, porosity, and fabrication capabilities of MOFs in identifying cancer biomarkers. It provides a detailed analysis of methods to enhance the sensitivity and applicability of MOF composites for cancer detection. Furthermore, the review explores strategies to boost sensor performance, tackles existing challenges head-on, and outlines promising prospects. It emphasizes the urgent need for advanced cancer detection tools and aims to motivate researchers to develop innovative solutions.
Advances in Coordination Chemistry of Schiff Base Complexes: A Journey from Nanoarchitectonic Design to Biomedical Applications.
Abd-El-Aziz A, Li Z, Zhang X … +5 more , Elnagdy S, Mansour MS, ElSherif A, Ma N, Abd-El-Aziz AS
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Feb · PMID 39900838 · Publisher ↗
Since the discovery of Schiff bases over one and a half centuries ago, there has been tremendous research activity in the design of various Schiff bases and examination of their diverse structures and versatile applicati...
Since the discovery of Schiff bases over one and a half centuries ago, there has been tremendous research activity in the design of various Schiff bases and examination of their diverse structures and versatile applications. This family of compounds has continued to captivate many research groups due to the simplicity of their synthesis through the condensation of amines with carbonyl compounds. While conventional synthesis has been the most widely used, green synthetic methodologies have been also explored for this reaction, including sonication, microwave-assisted, natural acid-catalyzed and mechanochemical syntheses as well as utilizing ionic liquid solvents or deep eutectic solvents. Schiff bases have been utilized as excellent ligands for coordination to transition metals and late transition metals (lanthanides and actinides). These Schiff base compounds can be mono-, di-, or polydentate ligands. The aim of this review is to examine the biological applications of Schiff base complexes over the past decade with particular focus on their antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activity. Schiff base complexes have been found effective in combating bacterial and fungal infections with numerous examples in the literature. The review addressed this area by focusing on the very recent examples while using tables to summarize the vast breadth of research according to the metallic moieties. Viruses have continued to be a target of many researchers in light of their continuous mutations and impact on human health, and therefore some examples of Schiff base complexes with antiviral activity are described. Cancer continues to be among the leading causes of death worldwide. In this article, the use of Schiff base complexes for, and the mechanisms associated with, their anticancer activity are highlighted. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or intercalation with DNA base pairs leading to cell cycle arrest were the main mechanisms described. While there have been some efforts made to use Schiff base complexes as antidiabetic or anti-inflammatory agents, there are limited examples when compared with antimicrobial and anticancer studies. The conclusion of this review highlights the emerging areas of research and future perspectives with an emphasis on the potential uses of Schiff bases in the treatment of infectious and noninfectious diseases.
The Petasis Reaction: Applications and Organic Synthesis-A Comprehensive Review.
Pandit NT, Kamble SB
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Jan · PMID 39856385 · Publisher ↗
The Petasis reaction has introduced significant advancements through the use of various catalysts, solvents, methodologies, and substrates in diverse areas of chemistry, including medicinal, organic, combinatorial, bioch...
The Petasis reaction has introduced significant advancements through the use of various catalysts, solvents, methodologies, and substrates in diverse areas of chemistry, including medicinal, organic, combinatorial, biochemical, and heterocyclic chemistry. It is a prominent method for synthesizing compounds such as α-amino acids, β-amino alcohols, Aza-beta-lactams, alkylaminophenols, α-arylglycines, 2H-chromenes, aminophenols, and hydrazide alcohols. With the increasing demand for medicines, drugs, industrial products, insecticides, and pesticides, the Petasis reaction has become an indispensable and versatile tool. This review explores the range of reaction components, key mechanisms, and reaction conditions associated with the Petasis reaction. Additionally, the paper delves into the potential future directions of this reaction and highlights its various applications.
Recent Advances in Radical Coupling Reactions Directly Involving Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP).
Jin J, Yang H, Xiang H … +2 more , Lu Y, Ye Y
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2025 Jan · PMID 39826019 · Publisher ↗
BCP (bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane) is an ideal saturated carbon bioisostere, instead of the traditional benzene group, which has been extensively developed. As a novel building block, BCP could be directly involved in a variety...
BCP (bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane) is an ideal saturated carbon bioisostere, instead of the traditional benzene group, which has been extensively developed. As a novel building block, BCP could be directly involved in a variety of synthetic methods and widely used in the last-stage modification of drugs, attracting much attention from organic chemists and pharmacists. Radical-type cross-coupling reactions involving BCP enable the simultaneous formation of multiple chemical bonds (e.g., C-C, C-N, C-B, C-S, and C-Si) through metal catalysis, photocatalysis, metal-photo synergistic catalysis, and other catalytic systems. Various radical precursors have been explored, facilitating cross-coupling reactions that directly incorporate BCP. This review highlights these state-of-the-art radical couplings of BCP since 2017, organized by reaction components with emphasis on the scope of substrates, reaction mechanisms, and synthetic applications.
Synthesis And Photovoltaic Performance of Carbazole (Donor) Based Photosensitizers in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC): A Review.
Munir R, Zahoor AF, Anjum MN … +5 more , Nazeer U, Haq AU, Mansha A, Chaudhry AR, Irfan A
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Dec · PMID 39738993 · Publisher ↗
Carbazoles are nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles, having widespread applications in the field of photovoltaics. Carbazole-based photosensitizers have tunable features for absorption on semi-conductor (tellurium d...
Carbazoles are nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles, having widespread applications in the field of photovoltaics. Carbazole-based photosensitizers have tunable features for absorption on semi-conductor (tellurium dioxide or zinc oxide) layers to create sufficient push-pull force in the conversion of sunlight into electrical energy, thus presenting as promising heterocyclic donor candidates to be used in dye-sensitized solar cells. For the synthesis of these dyes, various structural designs are available, namely, D-A, D-π-A, D-D-π-A, D-A-π-A, A-π-D-π-A-π-A, and D2-π-A that all involve incorporating carbazole as a donor (D), along with spacer (π-extender) moieties, such as thiophene, phenol, ethynylene, nitromethane, azine, thiadiazole, or acetonitrile. Additionally, acceptors (A) employed in the designs include cyanoacrylic acids, carboxylic acids, malononitrile, rhodanine-3-acetic acid, 4-aminobenzoic acid, or 4-amino salicylic acid. This comprehensive review explores the synthesis and photovoltaic performances of numerous carbazole-based photosensitizers tailored for dye-sensitized solar cells, covering the period of 2019-2023.
An Intervention into the Diverse Utilities of Fluorenes: A Brobdingnagian Family.
Sreekumar A, Nair AR, Raksha C … +2 more , Swayamprabha SS, Sivan A
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Dec · PMID 39680345 · Publisher ↗
The keyword "Fluorene" search in SciFinder found more than 57,000 results, including high-impact journal articles, review articles, patents, books, proceedings, etc. Against this background, a detailed enquiry has been m...
The keyword "Fluorene" search in SciFinder found more than 57,000 results, including high-impact journal articles, review articles, patents, books, proceedings, etc. Against this background, a detailed enquiry has been made by our group on various classes of fluorenes and their relevancy. For the past several decades, fluorene and its related compounds have experienced extensive studies, which are attributed to the vast range of applications they possess in various fields like sensors, polymers, OLED devices and even in the pharmaceutical industries. Since fluorene is an important member of the 'polyaromatic-hydrocarbon' family and has proved its relevancy in multidisciplinary areas, summarising those milestones might be worthwhile for future researchers. Here, we intend to highlight the key applications of fluorene derivatives in the form of a review article and have put much effort into consolidating some of their most imperative applications, including those in sensors and medicinal, optoelectronic and electrochemical fields. The manuscript divides the fluorene family into multiple subclasses, counting mono- and polyfluorenes, spirofluorenes, silicon-cored fluorenes, indenofluorenes, etc., based on their structure, and portrays all the critical properties of each class. Since fluorenes are globally accepted as outstanding candidates for numerous applications and practicalities, our effort may find crucial acceptance in the near future.
Hybrid Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Various Catalysis Applications.
Virender V, Pandey V, Singh G … +4 more , Sharma PK, Bhatia P, Solovev AA, Mohan B
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Dec · PMID 39671137 · Publisher ↗
Porous materials have been gaining popularity in catalysis applications, solving the current ecological challenges. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are especially noteworthy for their high surface areas and customizable...
Porous materials have been gaining popularity in catalysis applications, solving the current ecological challenges. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are especially noteworthy for their high surface areas and customizable chemistry, giving them a wide range of potential applications in catalysis remediation. The review study delves into the various applications of MOFs in catalysis and provides a comprehensive summary. This review thoroughly explores MOF materials, specifically focusing on their diverse catalytic applications, including Lewis catalysis, oxidation, reduction, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Also, this study emphasizes the significance of high-performance MOF materials, which possess adjustable properties and exceptional features, as a novel approach to tackling technological challenges across multiple sectors. MOFs make it an ideal candidate for catalytic reactions, as it enables efficient conversion rates and selectivity. Furthermore, the tunable properties of MOF make it possible to tailor its structure to suit specific catalytic requirements. This feature improves performance and reduces costs associated with traditional catalysts. In conclusion, MOF materials have revolutionized the field of catalysis and offer immense potential in solving various technological challenges across different industries.
Progress in Catalysts for Formic Acid Production by Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide.
Ma Y, Xu R, Wu X … +5 more , Wu Y, Zhao L, Wang G, Li F, Shi Z
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Dec · PMID 39625556 · Publisher ↗
Utilising renewable energy to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide into more valuable products can effectively alleviate the energy crisis and protect the environment while actively responding to the policy of "carbon...
Utilising renewable energy to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide into more valuable products can effectively alleviate the energy crisis and protect the environment while actively responding to the policy of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality". Additionally, formic acid/formate is one of the most promising and commercially valuable products of the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (ECORR) as well as a nonhazardous material for hydrogen storage. With the continuous progress in the field of electrocatalytic CO reduction to formic acid/formate (ECORF), various electrocatalysts with excellent performance have been developed. In this paper, first, the reaction mechanism of ECORF is briefly summarised, and then the recent research progress for various catalysts for ECORF, including metal-based catalysts, carbon-based material catalysts, metal-organic framework catalysts, covalent organic framework catalysts, and molecular catalysts, is reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of ECORF are discussed and presented.
Organelle-Specific Smart Supramolecular Materials for Bioimaging and Theranostics Application.
Bharathidasan D, Maity C
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Nov · PMID 39607460 · Publisher ↗
In cellular environments, certain synthetic molecules can form nanostructures via self-assembly, impacting molecular imaging, and biomedical applications. Control over the formation of these self-assembled nanostructures...
In cellular environments, certain synthetic molecules can form nanostructures via self-assembly, impacting molecular imaging, and biomedical applications. Control over the formation of these self-assembled nanostructures in subcellular organelle is challenging. By the action of stimuli, either present in the cellular environment or applied externally, in situ generation of molecular precursors can lead to accumulation and supramolecular nanostructure formation, resulting in efficient bioimaging. Here, we summarize smart fluorophore-based ordered nanostructure preparation at specific organelles for efficient bioimaging and therapeutic application towards cancer theranostics. We also present challenges and an outlook regarding intercellular self-assembly for theranostics application. Altogether, smart nanostructured materials with fluorescence read-outs at specific subcellular compartments would be beneficial in synthetic biology and precision therapeutics.
Recent Advances in C-O Bond Cleavage of Aryl, Vinyl, and Benzylic Ethers.
Li P, Zhang M, Zhang L
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Nov · PMID 39570456 · Publisher ↗
Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling with aryl halides has revolutionized the way of diversifying aromatic compounds. Aryl ethers are attractive alternatives to aromatic halides as coupling partners considering the...
Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling with aryl halides has revolutionized the way of diversifying aromatic compounds. Aryl ethers are attractive alternatives to aromatic halides as coupling partners considering the accessibility and potential environmental benefits. The last two decades have witnessed a striking success in the field of C-O bond activation of aryl ethers, including the construction of C-C bond and C-X bond, as well as reductive deoxygenation. Here, we present a comprehensive review of C-O bond activation in the context of aryl, vinyl, and benzylic ethers. This review elaborates on the current state-of-the-art methods, categorized by different catalytic systems, including transition metal catalysis, photoredox catalysis, and other innovative approaches. The newly developed methods allow C-O bond activation under mild conditions with exceptional functional group tolerance, potentially enabling the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals. The limitations and future perspectives of the methods are also presented.
Porous Polymer Sorbents in Micro Solid Phase Extraction: Applications, Advantages, and Challenges.
Hashemi SH, Kaykhaii M
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Nov · PMID 39557712 · Publisher ↗
In recent years, porous polymers have gained significant attention for their application as powerful and selective sorbents in micro solid phase extraction (µSPE). In this review we explore the preparation and utilizatio...
In recent years, porous polymers have gained significant attention for their application as powerful and selective sorbents in micro solid phase extraction (µSPE). In this review we explore the preparation and utilization of various porous polymer sorbents, highlighting their impact on enhancing µSPE techniques. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), graphene oxide-modified frameworks, and zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) are among the innovative materials discussed. These innovative materials have significantly improved µSPE methods, offering enhanced extraction efficiencies, superior selectivity, and reduced solvent consumption, all of which align with the principles of green chemistry. Key findings of this review include the demonstration that MIPs exhibit excellent target specificity, making them ideal for complex matrices, while graphene oxide frameworks and ZIFs provide increased surface area and stability for diverse analytical applications. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly the high cost of certain innovative materials, limited reusability, and the absence of automation in µSPE workflows. Furthermore, controlling the precise synthesis and functionalization of these sorbents continues to be a limiting factor. To address these issues, future research should focus on developing cost-effectiveness methods, the use of biopolymer or sustainable feedstocks, and scalable synthesis methods; integrating automation into µSPE; and exploring new polymeric materials with enhanced properties. Additionally, novel hybrid materials that combine the strengths of multiple sorbents offer a promising direction for future exploration. We critically analyze the advantages and limitations of each sorbent type, providing a comprehensive overview of their applications in µSPE. This paper also examines the synthesis, characterization, and unique properties of these porous polymers, emphasizing their role in advancing analytical chemistry towards more efficient and environmentally friendly practices. The need for continued development of high-performance, low-cost, and sustainable sorbents is underscored to further enhance the effectiveness of µSPE techniques.
A Comprehensive Exploration of the Synergistic Relationship between DMSO and Peroxide in Organic Synthesis.
Kumar S, Dey A, Maiti B … +3 more , Das S, Pasuparthy SD, Padala K
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Nov · PMID 39548041 · Publisher ↗
In the realm of organic synthesis, reagents can serve not only as solvents but also as synthons. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is recognized for its efficiency in this dual capacity, enabling diverse chemical transformations...
In the realm of organic synthesis, reagents can serve not only as solvents but also as synthons. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is recognized for its efficiency in this dual capacity, enabling diverse chemical transformations. DMSO can generate various synthons, including methyl, methylene, methine, oxygen, and methyl sulfoxide, broadening the accessible compound repertoire. Activation of DMSO as a reagent relies heavily on synergies with secondary agents like peroxide, persulfate, or iodine. Recent years have witnessed a surge in innovative synthetic techniques harnessing the synergistic interplay of DMSO and peroxide, leading to environmentally friendly and cost-effective reactions with mild conditions. This review highlights the synergistic effects of DMSO and peroxides (up to 2023), detailing their activation mechanisms and the generation of various synthons, along with numerous reported derivatives. Although this topic has received considerable attention in recent years, there are numerous discrepancies and a plethora of possibilities yet to be explored. We anticipate that this review will significantly support researchers in advancing their innovations to a greater extent in the future.
Schiff Base-Based Molybdenum Complexes as Green Catalyst in the Epoxidation Reaction: A Minireview.
Mistri S, Mondal K
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Oct · PMID 39453566 · Publisher ↗
Epoxides are class of cyclic ether and have been extensively used in petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals industries as raw materials. Due to this reasons, development of the synthetic strategy of epoxides are getting enor...
Epoxides are class of cyclic ether and have been extensively used in petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals industries as raw materials. Due to this reasons, development of the synthetic strategy of epoxides are getting enormous interest among the research chemists. In terms of "development of the synthetic strategy", the use of a catalyst, especially, Schiff base-based complex is of potential interest due to alternative easy routes and significant advances in metal-mediated pathways giving rise to diverse degree of substrate-reagent interactions. In addition, the synthetic strategy that follows the 12 principles of green chemistry, particularly (i) reduce the use of organic solvent, especially toxic solvents, and (ii) increasing the use of catalysts to obtain selective and quick processes in terms of atom economy, are of great attention now a days. The present review encompasses the Schiff base-based molybdenum complexes as green catalyst in the epoxidation reaction. Molybdenum complexes have grown interest owing to lower cost, environmental protection and commercialization as well as its abundance in different metalloenzymes. On the other hand, molybdenum complexes speed up the O-O bond break of tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP); as a result, it accelerates the oxygen transfer process from TBHP to the olefin. This review mainly focused on the catalytic activity of molybdenum-based Schiff base complexes for the epoxidation reaction in water/solvent free condition.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Acyclic Nucleosides and Their Therapeutic Applications.
Kumar S, Arora A, Chaudhary R … +5 more , Kumar R, Len C, Mukherjee M, Singh BK, Parmar VS
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Oct · PMID 39441318 · Publisher ↗
DNA is commonly known as the "molecule of life" because it holds the genetic instructions for all living organisms on Earth. The utilization of modified nucleosides holds the potential to transform the management of a wi...
DNA is commonly known as the "molecule of life" because it holds the genetic instructions for all living organisms on Earth. The utilization of modified nucleosides holds the potential to transform the management of a wide range of human illnesses. Modified nucleosides and their role directly led to the 2023 Nobel prize. Acyclic nucleosides, due to their distinctive physiochemical and biological characteristics, rank among the most adaptable modified nucleosides in the field of medicinal chemistry. Acyclic nucleosides are more resistant to chemical and biological deterioration, and their adaptable acyclic structure makes it possible for them to interact with various enzymes. A phosphonate group, which is linked via an aliphatic functionality to a purine or a pyrimidine base, distinguishes acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) from other nucleotide analogs. Acyclic nucleosides and their derivatives have demonstrated various biological activities such as anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, etc. Ganciclovir, Famciclovir, and Penciclovir are the acyclic nucleoside-based drugs approved by FDA for the treatment of various diseases. Thus, acyclic nucleosides are extremely useful for generating a variety of unique bioactive chemicals. Their biological activities as well as selectivity is significantly influenced by the stereochemistry of the acyclic nucleosides because chiral acyclic nucleosides have drawn a lot of interest due to their intriguing biological functions and potential as medicines. For example, tenofovir's (R) enantiomer is roughly 50 times more potent against HIV than its (S) counterpart. We can confidently state, "The most promising developments are yet to come in the realm of acyclic nucleosides!" Herein, we have covered the most current developments in the field of chemical synthesis and therapeutic applications of acyclic nucleosides based upon our continued interest and activity in this field since mid-1990's.
The Benzoxazole Heterocycle: A Comprehensive Review of the Most Recent Medicinal Chemistry Developments of Antiproliferative, Brain-Penetrant, and Anti-inflammatory Agents.
Di Martino S, De Rosa M
Top Curr Chem (Cham) · 2024 Oct · PMID 39432195 · Publisher ↗
The benzoxazole is one of the most widely exploited heterocycles in drug discovery. Natural occurring and synthetic benzoxazoles show a broad range of biological activities. Many benzoxazoles are available for treating s...
The benzoxazole is one of the most widely exploited heterocycles in drug discovery. Natural occurring and synthetic benzoxazoles show a broad range of biological activities. Many benzoxazoles are available for treating several diseases, and, to date, a few are in clinical trials. Moreover, an ever-increasing number of benzoxazole derivatives are under investigation in the early drug discovery phase and as potential hit or lead compounds. This perspective is an attempt to thoroughly review the rational design, the structure-activity relationship, and the biological activity of the most notable benzoxazoles developed during the past 5 years (period 2019-to date) in cancers, neurological disorders, and inflammation. We also briefly overviewed each target and its role in the disease. The huge amount of work examined suggests the great potential of the scaffold and the high interest of the scientific community in novel biologically active compounds containing the benzoxazole core.
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