Archives Of Clinical Neuropsychology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Concordance between the Noose and Boomerang Items of the Boston Naming Test in an Adult Clinical Sample.
Roth RM, Almasri M, Hammond JB … +4 more , Waszkiewicz AR, Abecassis M, Graefe AC, Moncrief GG
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40298213 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: A publisher of the Boston Naming Test recently provided a boomerang item to replace the noose item. We examined response accuracy and speed for these items. METHOD: Participants were 300 patients seen for clin...
OBJECTIVE: A publisher of the Boston Naming Test recently provided a boomerang item to replace the noose item. We examined response accuracy and speed for these items. METHOD: Participants were 300 patients seen for clinical neuropsychological evaluation. Noose and boomerang items were administered consecutively, in counterbalanced order. RESULTS: Spontaneous response was correct for the noose in 91% and boomerang in 76.7%. Both responses were correct for 72.7% and incorrect for 5% (overall concordance of 77.7%), 18.3% had correct noose/incorrect boomerang, and 4% correct boomerang/incorrect noose. Time to spontaneous response was faster for the noose. Phonemic cues were more helpful in naming the boomerang. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous response to the noose and boomerang items showed lack of concordance in 22.3% of patients, and the items showed differences in time to response and benefit from phonemic cuing. These findings raise concern about using the boomerang as a replacement for the noose item.
Intelligence, Cognition, and Psychopathology in Adults with Silver-Russell Syndrome: Overview of the Literature and Description of Three Clinical Cases.
Biesmans K, van Aken L, Wetzels-Meertens S … +5 more , Schreurs L, Wingbermühle E, de Graaff L, Kleefstra T, Egger J
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40257940 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Research on the neuropsychological profile in individuals with Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS), is scarce. The current study aims to enhance common clinical knowledge of SRS by exploring the syndrome related neu...
OBJECTIVE: Research on the neuropsychological profile in individuals with Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS), is scarce. The current study aims to enhance common clinical knowledge of SRS by exploring the syndrome related neuropsychological specificities previously described by literature and comparing those with neuropsychological findings in three adults with SRS. METHODS: Literature search on intelligence, cognition, and psychopathology in SRS was carried out. Included articles defined SRS adults with known genetic etiology and provided objective measures available within the investigated domains. Analyzes of the latter was conducted through available data from neuropsychological assessment in three persons with SRS; one male with maternal 11p duplication and two females with H19 hypomethylation. RESULTS: Analysis of the literature suggested specific cognitive profiles for individuals with different genetic variants. As to the presented cases, for the maternal 11p duplication, a higher variability of overall intellectual abilities and stronger verbal comprehension was found. Across all cases, overall intellectual abilities varied from mild intellectual disability to average level. No specific cognitive profile was found. Psychopathology presented itself either as externalizing or internalizing, and all cases reported negative life and/or learning experiences and self-esteem issues directly related to SRS. CONCLUSION: Clinical cases' results were consistent with literature. Next to the prevailing focus on somatic aspects, current results support in-depth analysis of neuropsychological functioning as necessary to optimize care and reduce the risk of psychopathology during the life course in SRS. Further research and tailored selection of neuropsychological batteries is recommended to improve the understanding of the cognitive profile of SRS.
Case Report: Neuropsychological Profile of a Patient With Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma Following Infection and Vaccination.
Misterka JD, Wong A, Sabbah L … +3 more , Rising S, Gottuso A, Wertheimer J
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40202810 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare and aggressive lymphoma that can have heterogeneous central nervous system involvement and cerebrovascular complications. The development of IVLBCL can be...
OBJECTIVE: Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare and aggressive lymphoma that can have heterogeneous central nervous system involvement and cerebrovascular complications. The development of IVLBCL can be fatal. Although relatively rare, the development of specific clinical syndromes, such as IVLBCL, has been implicated following infection and vaccination. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation assessing neurocognitive and psychological status after IVLBCL diagnosis. METHODS: The current study presents a right-handed mid-60-year-old male with a university-level education, who was diagnosed with IVLBCL following viral vector SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. He presented with a complex medical history including antiphospholipid syndrome, deafness (prior to cochlear implant), and cardiovascular complications secondary to lymphoma. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed parietal, frontal, and cerebellar infarcts; encephalomalacia; and periventricular deep chronic ischemic changes. A comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation was completed. RESULTS: In consideration of an individual with an estimated above-average baseline, his neurocognitive profile demonstrated impairments across multiple domains that were more lateralized to the non-dominant hemisphere including visual attention, visual processing speed, visuo-construction, memory, motor dexterity, and right-sided ataxia (e.g., dysmetria). Clinical elevations for depression, hopelessness, and anxiety were also found. CONCLUSIONS: The current study highlights a novel cognitive profile of IVLBCL and comorbidities with the patient having more predominant nondominant hemispheric-related deficits. There was evidence of disruption to visual processing networks, largely consistent with neuroimaging lesions. The current case also describes the unique experience of an individual coping with a rare condition, especially when resulting in functional decline (e.g., loss of audition). Implications are discussed.
How Do Neurocognitive Tests Relate to Reported Child Difficulties at 6 Years of Age in Benin?
Zoumenou R, Wendland J, Jacobsen V … +3 more , Boivin MJ, Costet N, Bodeau-Livinec F
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Apr · PMID 40202796 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between children's difficulties perceived by parents in the Ten Questions questionnaire (TQ) and children's assessments by the Kaufman Assessment Battery f...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between children's difficulties perceived by parents in the Ten Questions questionnaire (TQ) and children's assessments by the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (KABC-II) and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2). METHODS: The study was carried out in the district of Allada, a semi-rural area of Benin, involving a cohort of 562 6-year-old children. A response was considered positive if the parent reported a difficulty for their child compared to other children. RESULTS: The proportion of TQ-reported difficulties was 34.2%. More difficulties were reported by parents when their child had lower scores on the KABC-II (p < 0.001) and on the BOT-2 (p < 0.01). Greater family wealth, higher maternal education, and better child school attendance were associated with higher KABC-II Mental Processing Index (MPI) scores, higher BOT-2 scores, and fewer reported difficulties on the TQ. The likelihood of parents reporting difficulties was ˃60% when KABC-II MPI scores were low. When considering the KABC-II as the gold standard to define mild delays (mean minus 1 SD), the TQ demonstrated a sensitivity of 51.0% and specificity of 69.4%, which increased to 58% and 72%, respectively, when children attended school. CONCLUSION: Objective assessments of children's abilities were associated with parents' perceived difficulties. In a low-resource rural setting in sub-Saharan Africa, the TQ is a useful tool for screening neurodevelopmental difficulties, particularly for children attending school.
Cutoffs of the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living-Compensation (IADL-C) Scale for Identification of Functional Limitations Consistent With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.
Rahman S, Dai S, Libon DJ … +2 more , Woo E, Schmitter-Edgecombe M
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40188476 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Understanding how well older individuals with suspected cognitive impairment are functioning within the real-world environment can have important implications for diagnosis and treatment. To evaluate whether a...
OBJECTIVE: Understanding how well older individuals with suspected cognitive impairment are functioning within the real-world environment can have important implications for diagnosis and treatment. To evaluate whether an individual is experiencing functional limitations suggesting the presence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, we establish diagnostic cutoff scores for the informant version of the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living-Compensation (IADL-C) scale. METHOD: Informants of research (n = 488) and clinical (n = 119) samples of participants designated as healthy older controls, MCI, or dementia completed the IADL-C. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses and diagnostic statistics were used to determine optimal cutoffs on the IADL-C for both the 27-item IADL-C and an 11-item short form created using item-level analysis. RESULTS: The optimal cutoff scores that maximized the Youden Index for the research sample long-form were 1.41 in distinguishing cognitively healthy versus MCI participants, and 3.60 in distinguishing dementia from MCI participants, favoring specificity for the clinical sample, the optimal cutoffs were 1.32 and 3.06, yielding higher sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: These cutoff scores, when used as a screening measure or combined with other clinical and cognitive measures, may be useful for understanding whether an individual may be experiencing functional difficulties in everyday life consistent with a diagnosis of MCI or dementia.
Executive Functioning Task Performance as Predicted by Linguistic and Cultural Factors Among Latin American Youth Living in the USA.
Obenauf C, Ravi K, Kamper J
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40136996 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The current study sought to gain a clearer understanding of the impact of child and parent linguistic factors, ethnic identity salience, and acculturation to both mainstream United States of America (USA) cult...
OBJECTIVE: The current study sought to gain a clearer understanding of the impact of child and parent linguistic factors, ethnic identity salience, and acculturation to both mainstream United States of America (USA) culture and their heritage culture on executive functioning task performance among Latin American youth living in the USA. METHOD: Nine hundred eleven youth (Mage = 9.5, 51% female, 93% born in the USA) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development repository completed the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test and the Dimensional Change Card Sort Test (DCCS). Youth and parent completed demographic questionnaires and ethnic identity salience and acculturation measures. RESULTS: Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that greater parent acculturation to heritage culture and lower youth acculturation to USA culture predicted better performance on the Flanker task, and greater parent ethnic identity salience predicted better performance on the DCCS test after controlling for demographic variables (parent educational attainment and full-time employment, immigration status household) and linguistic variables (parent's preferred language, primary language spoken at home). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to comprehensively examine the effects of linguistic factors, acculturation, and ethnic identity salience on executive functioning performance among Latin American youth living in the USA. Results show that parental acculturation can have a meaningful impact on their children's executive functioning, which has implications for those who work with this demographic in clinical or research settings. Culturally informed suggestions for qualitative and quantitative information gathering are provided to account for this variable when conducting neuropsychological evaluations in this population.
College Students' Normative and Sub-optimal Performance on Three Brief, Public Domain Performance-Validity Measures for Concussion Baseline Testing: A Randomized Parallel Groups Trial.
Bankston AM, Malkan RP, Garcia KK … +1 more , Webbe FM
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40131174 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: We report normative data with non-athlete college students for three brief, public-domain performance validity tests (PVT) representing multiple performance domains: Rey's Word Recognition Test (WRT), Rey's Do...
OBJECTIVE: We report normative data with non-athlete college students for three brief, public-domain performance validity tests (PVT) representing multiple performance domains: Rey's Word Recognition Test (WRT), Rey's Dot Counting Test (DCT), and A Random Letter Test of Auditory Vigilance (A-Test). METHOD: One hundred fifty-four non-athlete college students (45% female; representing four college years) were recruited and assigned randomly to Honest-Effort, Fake-Bad, or Instructed Fake-Bad groups. Fifty student-athletes were selected randomly for comparison. Differences for multiple measures of each test among the three effort groups were obtained, and receiver operating curve (ROC) cut scores representing suboptimal performance were reported. RESULTS: Only the WRT measures met normality and homogeneity of variance assumptions. Multivariate analysis of variance with post-hoc Tukey tests showed significant differences between groups for WRT Total Correct and Combination scores. For DCT Combination Score and Total Errors and A-Test Omission Errors and Total Errors, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis comparisons were conducted, each resulting in significant differences between Honest-Effort and sub-optimal performance (SOP) groups. Athletes also differed significantly from both SOP groups. ROC cut scores that suggested suboptimal effort were DCT Combination Score ≥ 15; WRT Combination Score ≤ 12; and A-Test Omission Errors ≥1. Measures were considered poor to excellent based on the area under the curve (AUC) percentages obtained through ROC analysis. CONCLUSION: The DCT Combination and A-Test Omission Errors were valid indicators of suboptimal performance. The WRT measures fell short of adequate prediction based on the AUC. Combining multiple PVT "failures" maximized identification of suspect performers and minimized inclusion of Honest-Effort participants.
Bridging Gaps in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Intensity for Post-Stroke Population in Spain.
Mozo JF, Pardo N, Hassell AM … +1 more , Villalobos D
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Apr · PMID 40088209 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the treatment intensity applied in neurorehabilitation centers in Spain and its relationship with sociodemographic, biomedical, and cognitive variables in post-stroke patients. Curre...
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the treatment intensity applied in neurorehabilitation centers in Spain and its relationship with sociodemographic, biomedical, and cognitive variables in post-stroke patients. Current guidelines recommend rehabilitation sessions lasting at least 45 min per day, 2-5 days/week, but there is no consensus on neuropsychology intensity. METHOD: This Spanish multicenter, observational, descriptive cross-sectional study included 163 adult participants diagnosed with stroke, collecting 48 biopsychosocial variables. Statistical analyses, including non-parametric tests and linear regressions, were conducted to assess the relationship between intervention intensity and the studied variables. RESULTS: Our findings reveal an average neuropsychology of 59 min/week, significantly below international recommendations for intensive therapies. Patients in subacute phases (<6 months) and those with severe cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment <21) receive higher-intensity interventions, though still far from optimal standards. Significant differences were also identified between center types, reflecting variations in the resources available. CONCLUSION: This study not only highlights the need to establish clear intensity criteria in neuropsychology but also provides a foundation for future experimental studies to evaluate the impact of increased intensity on cognitive outcomes. Additionally, future research should analyze whether the observed differences between center types could lead to inequalities in access to therapies. These unique data in the Spanish context can serve as a starting point for designing more equitable and effective clinical guidelines.
Single-Item Screening for Depression in Adults (50+) with History of Traumatic Brain Injury.
Rolin SN, Davis JJ
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40066926 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Single-item depression screening has shown utility in young adult samples with limited work focused on individuals 50 and older. We examined single-item depression screening in adults 50 and older with a hist...
BACKGROUND: Single-item depression screening has shown utility in young adult samples with limited work focused on individuals 50 and older. We examined single-item depression screening in adults 50 and older with a history of TBI one year post-injury. METHOD: This project involved secondary analysis of deidentified TRACK-TBI data. The sample (N = 508) included 61 control participants and 447 cases grouped by TBI severity. Outcome measures included the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 depression scale (BSI-D) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Depression was determined psychometrically by BSI-D (≥63 T) and PHQ-9 (≥10) if either score was above the cutoff. The Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire depression item (RPQ-D) was used in logistic regression (LR) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses to predict depression. RESULTS: Depression was observed in 16.1% of cases and 6.6% of control participants (p = .05) with non-significant variability across TBI severity (12.9-18.3%; p = .17). The LR model with age, education, TBI severity, and RPQ-D as predictors was significant with age and RPQ-D as significant predictors. The model classified 87.9% of participants correctly. The area under the ROC curve was 0.86. The optimal cutoff was RPQ-D ≥ 2. CONCLUSION: Single-item screening for depression is a suitable approach in adults 50 and older with a history of TBI.
Retraction and replacement of: Development and Preliminary Validation of Standardized Regression-Based Change Scores as Measures of Transitional Cognitive Decline.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 May · PMID 40058400 · Full text
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Development and Preliminary Validation of Standardized Regression-Based Change Scores as Measures of Transitional Cognitive Decline.
Kiselica AM, Kaser AN, Webber TA … +2 more , Small BJ, Benge JF
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40058399 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: An increasing focus in Alzheimer's disease and aging research is to identify transitional cognitive decline. One means of indexing change over time in serial cognitive evaluations is to calculate standardized...
OBJECTIVE: An increasing focus in Alzheimer's disease and aging research is to identify transitional cognitive decline. One means of indexing change over time in serial cognitive evaluations is to calculate standardized regression-based (SRB) change indices. This paper includes development and preliminary validation of SRB indices for the Uniform Data Set 3.0 Neuropsychological Battery, as well as base rate data to aid in their interpretation. METHOD: The sample included 1341 cognitively intact older adults with serial assessments over 0.5-2 years in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Database. SRB change scores were calculated in half of the sample, then validated in the other half of the sample. Base rates of SRB decline were evaluated at z-score cut-points, corresponding to two-tailed p-values of .20 (z = -1.282), 0.10 (z = -1.645) and .05 (z = -1.96). We examined convergent associations of SRB indices for each cognitive measure with each other, as well as concurrent associations of SRB indices with Clinical Dementia Rating sum of box scores (CDR-SB). RESULTS: SRB equations were able to significantly predict the selected cognitive variables. The base rate of at least one significant SRB decline across the entire battery ranged from 28.91% to 64.90%. SRB indices for cognitive measures demonstrated theoretically expected significant positive associations with each other. Additionally, CDR-SB impairment was associated with decline on three different SRB indices. CONCLUSIONS: This paper provides preliminary validation of SRB indices in a large sample, and we present a user-friendly tool for calculating SRB values.
Socioeconomic Status Explains Sex Differences on the Trail Making Test: The Case of the Epirus Health Study Cohort Normative Data.
Tsiaras Y, Tsantzalou KS, Koutsonida M … +3 more , Tsilidis KK, Vannorsdall TD, Aretouli E
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40057965 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Socioeconomic (SES) and health status (HS) are rarely considered when normative data are calculated. In the present study, normative data for the Trail Making Test (TMT) were developed from a large cohort and...
OBJECTIVES: Socioeconomic (SES) and health status (HS) are rarely considered when normative data are calculated. In the present study, normative data for the Trail Making Test (TMT) were developed from a large cohort and the association of sex, age and education, as well as HS and SES, with direct and derived TMT scores was explored. METHODS: Two thousand three hundred sixteen participants [1412 (61%) women; mean age: 47.11 (SD = 11.67) years; mean education: 14.82 (SD = 3.39) years] were drawn from the population-based Epirus Health Study. HS was rated on a self-reported scale and participants' medical conditions were recorded. SES was estimated from participants' after-tax income per month. The association of sex, age and education with TMT-A, TMT-B, TMT B-A and TMT B/A was explored with linear regression analyses. Hierarchical regression analyses were applied to control for HS and SES. RESULTS: Direct TMT scores were associated with sex, age and education (TMT-A: Bsex = 0.060, Bage = 0.322 and Beducation = -0.191; ΤΜΤ-Β: Bsex = 0.042, Bage = 0.330 and Beducation = -0.208). TMT B-A was associated with age (B = 0.176) and education (B = -0.130), whereas TMT B/A was not associated with any tested variable. SES, but not HS, was associated with TMT-A and TMT-B explaining the association of sex with TMT scores when included simultaneously in the model. CONCLUSIONS: TMT performances are associated with age, education and sex. However, sex differences in direct TMT scores are attributed to underlying socioeconomic disparities in this large well-characterized cohort.
Cross-Sectional Trajectories of Social Cognition in Later Life: Exploring Emotion Perception, Theory of Mind, and Emotional Empathy.
Jarvis AL, Wong S, Weightman M … +3 more , Simmonds B, Keage HAD, Robinson G
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40057964 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The social cognitive abilities of emotion perception, cognitive theory of mind (ToM), affective ToM, and emotional empathy change across adulthood. Few existing studies have examined the performance of a singl...
OBJECTIVE: The social cognitive abilities of emotion perception, cognitive theory of mind (ToM), affective ToM, and emotional empathy change across adulthood. Few existing studies have examined the performance of a single social cognitive domain in later life, with no known studies having examined all four abilities together. Although it is well understood how non-social cognitive performance changes with age, and this has helped inform diagnostic methods for age-related disorders, relatively little is known about typical age-related social cognitive performance in later life. The current study aimed to investigate the association between age and social cognitive performance within a sample of healthy midlife to older adults. METHOD: This cross-sectional study examined emotion perception using the Mini-SEA Facial Emotion Recognition Test, cognitive and affective ToM using The Shortened Awareness of Social Inference Test-Short Form, and emotional empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index in 236 healthy adults aged 43-80 years (M = 60.30, SD = 6.88, 76% female). RESULTS: Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that age only had a significant, medium, negative association with cognitive (B = -.08, p < .001) and affective (B = -.05, p < .001) ToM and was not significantly associated with emotion perception or emotional empathy. CONCLUSIONS: These findings enhance our understanding of normal social cognitive aging in later life, which can inform decisions around adding social cognitive measures into existing neuropsychological diagnostic tools for psychiatric, neurological, and developmental disorders.
Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Depression in Patients with Stroke.
Lin F, Zhou M
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40052296 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide in 2019. In stroke patients, about one-third or more are affected by depression, which makes it a serious social and public health problem. T...
OBJECTIVE: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide in 2019. In stroke patients, about one-third or more are affected by depression, which makes it a serious social and public health problem. This study aims to create and validate a nomogram for early prediction and identification of depression in stroke patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from 605 stroke survivors aged 60 and over in the CHARLS 2011, 2015 was used. Participants were split into training and testing groups. Predictive factors were identified using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and multivariable logistic regression, leading to the creation of a nomogram model. The model's performance was assessed with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, the Concordance Index (C-index), calibration plots, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). RESULTS: It identified Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), sleep hours, uric acid, and Triglyceride-Glucose-Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) as risk factors for depression post-stroke, which were integrated into the final model. The nomogram's predictive performance was deemed acceptable, with ROC curve values of 0.7512 (95% CI: 0.705-0.798) for the training set and 0.723 (95% CI: 0.65-0.797) for the testing set. The calibration curve confirmed the model's accuracy, and the DCA showed it had clinical utility. CONCLUSIONS: Five key factors were chosen to create a nomogram predicting depression in stroke patients. This nomogram demonstrates evaluation performance and serves as a tool for forecasting depression in this population.
Cognitive Correlates of Resilience in Adults Experiencing Homelessness.
Terao CM, Blumberg MJ, Mckeag S … +3 more , Stergiopoulos V, Hwang SW, Gicas KM
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40037917 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: In adults who have experienced homelessness, greater psychological resilience is related to better quality of life, community functioning, and social cognition. Domain-specific cognitive functioning is positiv...
OBJECTIVE: In adults who have experienced homelessness, greater psychological resilience is related to better quality of life, community functioning, and social cognition. Domain-specific cognitive functioning is positively associated with resilience in housed populations; however, these relationships have yet to be explored among adults experiencing homelessness. The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between domain-specific cognitive function and psychological resilience among adults experiencing homelessness. METHOD: One hundred and six adults who have experienced homelessness were recruited in Toronto, Canada, and 88 were included in analyses (51% female, mean age = 43 years). Study measures assessed psychological resilience as well as domain-specific cognition (vocabulary, oral reading, processing speed, episodic memory, and executive functioning) using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. Additional covariates of interest included psychological distress, social network size, substance misuse, and major psychiatric disorders. Hierarchical regression modeling explored the contributions of each cognitive domain to resilience while accounting for established covariates. RESULTS: Oral reading was positively associated with higher resilience, explaining 12.45% of the variance in resilience while controlling for age, education, gender, substance misuse, psychological distress, and social network size. Performance on measures of executive functioning, processing speed, and visual memory were not found to be related to self-reported resilience. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that verbal vocabulary, shaped by the accumulation of experiences across one's lifetime, may be an important contributor to psychological resilience. Better crystallized abilities may reflect more enriched early life experiences that are critical to better coping skills and well-being of adults experiencing homelessness.
Standardization of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R) for the Chilean Elderly Population: A Multiple Regression Model Approach.
Ortega A, Moraga-Hanglin M, Oyarce-Rosales D
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Apr · PMID 40037308 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this study was to produce linear multiple regression-based normative data of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised for the Chilean elderly population. METHOD: The study included 229 individ...
OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this study was to produce linear multiple regression-based normative data of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised for the Chilean elderly population. METHOD: The study included 229 individuals aged 60-87 years (M = 71.75, SD = 6.64) of both sex (male N = 66, mean age = 72.09 SD = 6.87; female N = 163, mean age = 71.61 SD = 6.57) and educational level (N0-12 years = 68 [29.7%]; N13+ years = 161 [70,3%]). RESULTS: Age, education, and sex were significantly associated with HVLT-R performance. These demographic variables accounted for 9.4% of the variance in HVLT-R total recall, 11.2% in HVLT-R delayed recall, 8.9% in HVLT-R delayed recognition discrimination index. This study also provides user-friendly percentile rank norms derived from the results of the regression models. CONCLUSIONS: The normative data are presented as regression-based procedures to obtain both direct and derived test scores considering age, education, and sex as predictor variables. This study complies with the guidelines proposed by the Chilean Ministry of Health in its National Plan for Dementias and those of the program for Explicit Health Guarantees by promoting the standardization of instruments that contribute to early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders in the elderly.
Remote Neuropsychological Testing as an Alternative to Traditional Methods-a Convergent Validity Study.
Wärn E, Andersson L, Berginström N
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 39976172 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Neuropsychological testing has traditionally been performed on site using standardized paper-pencil tests. Online platforms now offer the potential of conducting such testing at home but requires validation be...
OBJECTIVE: Neuropsychological testing has traditionally been performed on site using standardized paper-pencil tests. Online platforms now offer the potential of conducting such testing at home but requires validation before widespread use. In this pilot study with healthy adults, we examine the convergent validity of the newly developed test battery Mindmore Remote. METHOD: Fifty-two healthy participants were tested using both Mindmore Remote at home and traditional neuropsychological testing on site. The order of presentation was randomized. Associations between test performance on the two batteries were compared using Pearson and Spearman correlations. RESULTS: Results revealed significant correlations between all Mindmore Remote tests and traditional tests. Verbal tests showed stronger correlations (r = .71-.83) than non-verbal tests (r = .48-.71). Further, correlations were stronger for users who made responses using a computer mouse than for touchpad users. CONCLUSIONS: Mindmore Remote tests that rely on verbal in- and output were comparable to traditional face-to-face neuropsychological tests. However, although promising, further validation is needed for tests that require visuo-motor interaction. In comparison with similar studies, the results indicate that test modification, rather than remote administration, is accountable for weaker correlations.
Quebec French Version of the Hayling Sentence Completion Test: Error Scoring Guidelines, Normative Data for Adults and the Elderly and Validation Study in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.
Macoir J, Lapierre V, Brouillard MM … +3 more , Verreault P, Landry M, Hudon C
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 39976167 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Deficits in inhibition have been associated with various clinical conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. The Hayling Sentence Completion Test (HSCT) is an assessment tool commonly used in clinica...
INTRODUCTION: Deficits in inhibition have been associated with various clinical conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. The Hayling Sentence Completion Test (HSCT) is an assessment tool commonly used in clinical settings to measure verbal initiation and prepotent verbal response inhibition. Although it is used by numerous clinical and research groups in Quebec, normative data for the HSCT are not yet available for French-Quebec speakers. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to provide error scoring guidelines and normative data in the adult population of French Quebec for the HSCT-QC (Study 1) and to determine its known-group discriminant validity (Study 2). RESULTS: The results of Study 1, based on a sample of 214 healthy individuals aged 50 to 89, indicated that age significantly affected test performance, while educational level and sex did not. As no transformations were able to normalize the score distribution, percentile ranks for HSCT-QC performance were calculated solely based on age. Results from Study 2 demonstrated that the HSCT-QC effectively distinguishes the performance of healthy participants from those with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSION: Norms and psychometric data for the HSCT-QC will be highly beneficial for assessing inhibitory control in French-speaking adults in Quebec, Canada.
The TIE-93: a Facial Emotion Recognition Test Adapted for Culturally, Linguistically, and Educationally Diverse Alzheimer's Dementia Patients in France.
Bourdage R, Franzen S, Palisson J … +6 more , Maillet D, Belin C, Joly C, Papma J, Garcin B, Narme P
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 39976083 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Emotion recognition tests are essential for differential diagnostics when assessing patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. However, there remains a lack of emotion recognition tests appropriate for c...
OBJECTIVE: Emotion recognition tests are essential for differential diagnostics when assessing patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. However, there remains a lack of emotion recognition tests appropriate for culturally and educationally diverse populations. The aim of this study was to develop an emotion recognition test (the TIE-93) appropriate for these populations. We then examined whether the TIE-93 could reduce emotion recognition performance differences between populations with a native French versus a culturally and educationally diverse background (participants who had immigrated to France). This was assessed by comparing performance between controls of each cultural group. We also assessed the effect of demographic variables on TIE-93 test performance and whether performance in an AD patient group was consistent with the research literature. METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with AD dementia and 240 healthy controls, from native French and culturally and educationally diverse backgrounds, were included in the study. The TIE-93 is composed of eight panels with photos of actors displaying six basic emotions. Participants were asked to identify which of the six facial expressions displayed matched an oral description of a context. RESULTS: When comparing French and culturally and educationally diverse controls, Quade's ANCOVA revealed that there remained an effect of culture and education on TIE-93 test performance. Nonetheless, while controlling for years of education, age, sex, and cultural group, patients with AD dementia scored significantly more poorly than controls, specifically for most negative emotions. CONCLUSION: The TIE-93 represents a first step toward developing appropriate emotion recognition tests for culturally and educationally diverse populations.
Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Phenotypes in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.
Sousa C, França M, Jacques T … +2 more , Sá MJ, Alves RA
Arch Clin Neuropsychol · 2025 Jul · PMID 39964061 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to understand the evolution of cognitive phenotypes in a clinical cohort of adult patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) over time and to assess whether demograph...
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to understand the evolution of cognitive phenotypes in a clinical cohort of adult patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) over time and to assess whether demographic and clinical features of MS have any effect on the progression of cognitive decline in MS. METHODS: One hundred twenty-five patients with RRMS underwent annually neuropsychological assessment along 3 to 5 consecutive years with the brief repeatable battery of neuropsychological tests (BRBN-T) and the brief international cognitive multiple sclerosis (BICAMS). The international classification of cognitive disorders in multiple sclerosis (IC-CoDiMS) was used to define the cognitive phenotypes. RESULTS: In our cohort the mean age was 41.81 years and 88 patients (70.4%) were female. The prevalence of cognitive impairment decreased over the 3-year assessments, both in BRBN-T (29.6% vs. 25.0% vs. 18.5%) and BICAMS (33.6% vs. 30.4% vs. 19.2%). Longitudinal differences were observed for all the applied tests, except for verbal fluency, with the results pointing to an improvement in performance over time. At the first and the 3rd assessment, we observed four cognitive phenotypes: intact, uni-domain, bi-domain, and multidomain. At the 4th and 5th assessments, no patients presented multi-domain impairments. MS patients with optic neuritis (ON) as onset syndrome, showed the highest percentage of cognitive impairment on both BRBN-T and BICAMS. CONCLUSIONS: This study corroborates the importance of knowing the evolution of cognitive performance over time to better determine the best cognitive intervention programs in order to prevent cognitive decline and promote quality of life.
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