Experimental Aging Research[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
The Effects of Total Sleep Deprivation on Attention Capture Processes in Young and Older Adults: An ERP Study.
Tavakoli P, Murkar A, Porteous M … +2 more , Carrier J, Robillard R
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35369858 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The present study investigated whether sleep deprivation affects attention capture in young and older adults using event-related potentials (ERPs). METHODS: Eleven young adults (20-30 y) and nine older adults...
BACKGROUND: The present study investigated whether sleep deprivation affects attention capture in young and older adults using event-related potentials (ERPs). METHODS: Eleven young adults (20-30 y) and nine older adults (60-70 y) were tested following both normal sleep (NS) and total sleep deprivation (TSD). ERPs were recorded during an auditory discrimination task consisting of standard and deviant stimuli. RESULTS: Deviant stimuli elicited the MMN, P3a, and RON ERPs. TSD attenuated the differences in reaction times between standards and deviants in young adults but not older adults. The P3a was attenuated in older adults compared to young adults. Older adults had a larger RON amplitude compared to young adults following NS, but not TSD. CONCLUSIONS: The reduced P3a and the absence of behavioral performance alteration in the older group suggests that older adults may utilize different neural processing strategies compared to younger adults to compensate for age-related declines in neural resources for attention capture. Sleep loss influenced age-related differences on the RON, suggesting that older adults may have reduced access to compensatory strategies following sleep loss.
It's never too late to improvise: The impact of theatre improvisation on elderly population.
Bassis D, Rybko J, Maor R
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35358023 · Publisher ↗
Despite the availability of improvisational theater training in different settings, studies that assess its effectiveness as a means for enhancing cognitive training for older adults are scarce. This study examines the i...
Despite the availability of improvisational theater training in different settings, studies that assess its effectiveness as a means for enhancing cognitive training for older adults are scarce. This study examines the influence of short theater improvisation exercises on the cognitive flexibility of cognitively-healthy older adults, and their influence on the four core components of improvisation (i.e., spontaneity, flow, creativity, playfulness). The study also examines the correlation between an improvement in these four key agents and an improvement in cognitive flexibility among older adults. This quantitative empirical study was conducted in retirement homes and daycare centers in Israel. A total of 45 participants took part in this study, all in good physical health and with age-appropriate cognitive abilities. The participants were divided into five research groups; each group met twice a week for a one-hour improvisation session over a six-week period. The data was collected through five questionnaires that were completed at four points of time (before, during, and after the workshop). The findings did not indicate a significant effect of the improvisation exercises on the participants' cognitive flexibility, yet they did show improvement in three components of improvisation: spontaneity, flow, playfulness. As such, the findings of this study indicate that despite a normal decline in basic cognitive functioning among older adults, the beneficial effect of improvisation on cognitive flexibility might still occur through spontaneity, playfulness, and flow. In conclusion, short theater improvisation exercises could contribute to various indicators of healthy aging in various settings.
Information Avoidance in Consumer Choice: Do Avoidance Tendencies and Motives Vary by Age?
Deng SL, Nolte J, Löckenhoff CE
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35311482 · Full text
Prior research suggests that older adults seek less information in consumer choices than younger adults do. However, it remains unclear if intentional information avoidance plays a role in such effects. To test this poss...
Prior research suggests that older adults seek less information in consumer choices than younger adults do. However, it remains unclear if intentional information avoidance plays a role in such effects. To test this possibility, we examined age differences in deliberate information avoidance in consumer decisions and explored a range of potential motives. Adult lifespan samples completed two pre-registered online studies, which assessed information avoidance using a slider scale (Study 1, =195) and a forced-choice task (Study 2, = 500). In Study 1, age differences in information avoidance were not significant, but methodological limitations could have obscured age effects. In Study 2, age was associated with higher information avoidance. Avoidance was higher among participants who reported that the information would not impact decision preferences, would elicit more negative affect, and would be useless. Although age was associated with lower perceived impact on decision preferences and lower concerns about affective responses, age differences in information avoidance remained significant when these variables were statistically controlled. In conclusion, in the context of consumer choices, deliberate information avoidance is higher among older consumers. Thus, interventions to promote the acquisition of relevant information would benefit from being tailored to the target age group.
Effect of Adding Motorized Cycle Ergometer Over Exercise Training on Balance in Older Adults with Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Abbas RL, Saab IM, Al-Sharif HK … +2 more , Naja N, El-Khatib A
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35301911 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Falls secondary to balance disturbances have been considered as a burden on health systems in people with dementia aged above 65. Exercise has been increasingly recommended to address such problem and the mai...
BACKGROUND: Falls secondary to balance disturbances have been considered as a burden on health systems in people with dementia aged above 65. Exercise has been increasingly recommended to address such problem and the main challenges being the commitment and supervision of training. The study's aim was to investigate the effect of adding motorized cycle ergometer (MCE) on high intensity functional exercise (HIFE) training on balance and cognition in older adults with dementia. METHODS: Sixty participants over the age of 65 were randomly allocated into 3 groups, Mo, Ex, and MoEx undergoing, respectively, 50 minutes MCE, HIFE, or combination of both. Sessions were done 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Outcome measures taken before and after study period were Berg Balance Scale (BBS), timed up and go test (TUG), and Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE). RESULTS: All groups showed significant improvement in BBS scores but not on TUG or MMSE scores. Between group analysis showed no privilege of any used training methods over the other for all measures taken. CONCLUSIONS: Training with HIFE, MCE, or combination of both is effective in improving balance but not cognition. However, MCE can be an alternative to supervised exercise training in addressing balance.
Adult Age Differences in Sensitivity to Semantic Satiation.
Black SR, Wood MM, Choi J … +2 more , Jackson BS, Evans TZ
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35287550 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated age differences in sensitivity to semantic satiation.Semantic satiation was conceptualized as occurring within a semantic activation framework. METHOD: A prime or to-be-satiated...
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated age differences in sensitivity to semantic satiation.Semantic satiation was conceptualized as occurring within a semantic activation framework. METHOD: A prime or to-be-satiated word (e.g., ANIMAL) was presented repeatedly for an average of 2.5, 12.5, or 22.5 times. Afterward, a word triad comprised of two related words (e.g., PURPLE, YELLOW) and one unrelated word (e.g., DOG) was presented. The two related words were designated as nontargets or context words in the display and the unrelated word was the target. Participants were instructed to indicate as quickly and as accurately as possible which of the words in the triad was the unrelated word by pressing a key which was spatially compatible to the position of the stimulus on the CRt. RESULTS: For young but not older adults, there was an attenuation of priming effects in the response latency data as repetition of the prime increased. CONCLUSION: These results were interpreted as evidence that older adults are less sensitive to the semantic satiation phenomenon than young adults.
The Association between Cognitive Reserve and Depressive Mood in Older Inpatients: Gender and Age Differences.
Coin A, Devita M, Bizzotto M … +4 more , Bubola A, Manzato E, Sergi G, Trevisan C
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35274599 · Publisher ↗
Cognitive Reserve (CR) plays a protective role in neurological and acute/chronic diseases. Its effect on mood, however, is still unclear, although it may be relevant in a hospital setting. We aimed to explore the relatio...
Cognitive Reserve (CR) plays a protective role in neurological and acute/chronic diseases. Its effect on mood, however, is still unclear, although it may be relevant in a hospital setting. We aimed to explore the relationship between CR and depressive mood in older inpatients, evaluating possible gender- and age-related differences. This study involved 86 inpatients aged ≥65 years with an MMSE ≥15. Participants underwent a multidimensional evaluation that included the assessment of CR with the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire, divided into three sections (Education, Working Activity, and Leisure Time). Depressive mood was assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The relationship between CR and GDS was evaluated by multivariable linear regressions. Significant inverse associations between CR and GDS scores emerged in the total sample (β = -0.03 [SD = 0.02], p = .047), especially in men (β = -0.05 [SD = 0.02], p = .005) and in individuals aged <85 years (β = -0.07 [SD = 0.03], p = .01). Among the single CRI sections, CRI-Leisure Time was significantly associated with GDS in the total sample, in men, and participants <85 years. CR seems to be inversely associated with depressive mood in older inpatients. This relationship is particularly marked for CR related to Leisure Time, which may be modifiable even in older age through social support and interaction.
Aerobic Training and Circulating Neurotrophins in Alzheimer's Disease Patients: A Controlled Trial.
Stein AM, Coelho FGM, Vital-Silva TM … +5 more , Rueda AV, Pereira JR, Deslandes AC, Camarini R, Santos Galduróz RF
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35253623 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: to verify the effects of aerobic exercise training in circulating BDNF, VEGF and IGF-1 plasma levels and cognitive function in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients. METHODS: 34 AD patients participated in the stu...
OBJECTIVE: to verify the effects of aerobic exercise training in circulating BDNF, VEGF and IGF-1 plasma levels and cognitive function in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients. METHODS: 34 AD patients participated in the study, divided in two groups: Control Group (CG; n = 16) and Training Group (TG; n = 18 - Moderate aerobic training on the treadmill, three times a week, for 12 weeks). BDNF, VEGF and IGF-1 plasma levels were considered as a primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included cognitive functions and aerobic fitness. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, maintenance of executive functioning in the TG was found, yet no significant changes on circulating neurotrophins levels were identified. For aerobic fitness, there was an increment in TG group. CONCLUSION: Twelve weeks of aerobic training were neither effective in improving cognitive functioning significantly, nor influential on circulating neurotrophins levels in AD patients.
Time of Day Influence on Postural Balance of Young and Older Men.
Mylonas V, Nikodelis T, Kollias I
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35243967 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Many physiologic parameters fluctuate on a diurnal basis following the circadian rhythm function. The purpose of the study was to investigate if postural performance is interdependent of time of day and age....
BACKGROUND: Many physiologic parameters fluctuate on a diurnal basis following the circadian rhythm function. The purpose of the study was to investigate if postural performance is interdependent of time of day and age. METHODS: 19 young (22.63 ± 3.43 y.o.) and 19 older male adults (60.21 ± 3.67 y.o.) performed three balance tests (quiet stance with open and closed eyes and bipedal balance on a Togu ball) at 12:00 AM and at 12:00 PM. Time and frequency domain variables of the center of pressure were analyzed. RESULTS: At eyes closed test, the younger had significant less distance traveled by the Center of Pressure (CoP) at night compared to day. At open eyes test, the younger had significant less CoP sway in the anterior-posterior (AP) axis at night compared to day. At Togu ball test the older showed increased peak-to-peak amplitude of CoP in both axes compared to younger. They also had lower frequency in the medial-lateral (ML) axis but higher in the AP axis compared to the younger. CONCLUSION: Younger seem to function better at night. There is also an indication that the older are better at day. The results on unstable surface indicate different control strategies between the two groups.
Nonspecific Effects of Normal Aging on Taxonomic and Thematic Semantic Processing.
Merck C, Noël A, Jamet E … +4 more , Robert M, Salmon A, Belliard S, Kalénine S
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35234091 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of normal aging on the processing of taxonomic and thematic semantic relations. METHOD: We used the Visual-World-Paradigm coupled with eye-movement recording. We compared...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of normal aging on the processing of taxonomic and thematic semantic relations. METHOD: We used the Visual-World-Paradigm coupled with eye-movement recording. We compared performance of healthy younger and older adults on a word-to-picture matching task in which participants had to identify each target among semantically related (taxonomic or thematic) and unrelated distractors. RESULTS: Younger and older participants exhibited similar patterns of gaze fixations in the two semantic conditions. The effect of aging took the form of an overall reduction in sensitivity to semantic competitors, with no difference between the taxonomic and thematic conditions. Moreover, comparison of the proportions of fixations between the younger and older participants indicated that targets were identified equally quickly in both age groups. This was not the case when mouse-click reaction times were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Findings argue in favor of nonspecific effects of normal aging on semantic processing that similarly affect taxonomic and thematic processing. There are important clinical implications, as pathological aging has been repeatedly shown to selectively affect either taxonomic or thematic relations. Measuring eye-movements in a semantic task is also an interesting approach in the elderly, as these seem to be less impacted by aging than other motor responses.
Frequency and Risk Factors of Re-hospitalization in Geriatric Inpatient Wards: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis.
Kayhan Kocak FO, Sahin S, Taşkıran E … +10 more , Simsek H, Daylan A, Arman P, Dikmeer A, Kılıc F, Balci C, Tosun Tasar P, Doventas A, Yavuz BB, Akcicek SF
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35175909 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate frequency and risk factors of re-hospitalization which are not stated in comorbidity indexes in geriatric wards. METHODS: A total of 585 patients who were admitted to tertiary care geriatric...
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate frequency and risk factors of re-hospitalization which are not stated in comorbidity indexes in geriatric wards. METHODS: A total of 585 patients who were admitted to tertiary care geriatric inpatient clinics at least once between 1 September 2017 and 1 September 2018 and who survived to discharge during initial hospitalization were included in this cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study. RESULTS: Overall, 507(86.7%) patients were hospitalized once for treatment during the study period, while re-hospitalization occurred in 78(13.3%) patients. Rates of previous surgery (10.3 vs. 3.0%, p = .006), urinary incontinence (UI) (50.0 vs. 36.3%, p = .021), controlled hypertension (64.1 vs. 46.4%, p = .024), malnutrition (55.1 vs. 29.6%, p = .014) were significantly higher in re-hospitalized patients. Re-hospitalized patients were younger (mean ± SD 76.4 ± 8.3 vs. 79.6 ± 7.9 years, p = .002) than once-hospitalized patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed the younger patient age (OR, 0.942, 95% CI 0.910 to 0.976, p = .001), higher Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (MCCI) score (OR, 1.368, 95% CI 1.170 to 1.600, p < .001) to significantly predict the increased risk of re-hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that previous history of surgery and geriatric syndromes such as UI, malnutrition were determined to significantly predict the increased risk of re-hospitalization. We suggest that these risk factors be added to prognostic tools designed for elderly patients.
Implicit and Explicit Age Stereotypes Assessed in the Same Contexts are Still Independent.
Huang T, Rothermund K
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 35175906 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: In a series of three studies ( = 187), we investigated the correlation between implicit and explicit age stereotypes, both of which were assessed in a context-dependent way. METHODS: To assess implicit age ste...
OBJECTIVE: In a series of three studies ( = 187), we investigated the correlation between implicit and explicit age stereotypes, both of which were assessed in a context-dependent way. METHODS: To assess implicit age stereotypes, we presented combinations of age category and specific context information as primes in a lexical decision task (LDT) with age stereotypic attributes as targets (e.g., "An old person is passing the crosswalk." - "slow"). To assess explicit age stereotypes, stereotypic traits were rated for their fit with person descriptions containing the same category and context information as the implicit measure. RESULTS: Category effects for the priming and rating tasks emerged within relevant contexts, however, we found no correlations between these two indicators, despite the fact that the same contexts were provided for explicit and implicit assessment. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that implicit and explicit age stereotypes reflect independent belief systems that are activated under different operating conditions (automatic activation vs. controlled reasoning).
The Volumetric Changes of the Pineal Gland with Age: An Atlas-based Structural Analysis.
Sisakhti M, Shafaghi L, Batouli SAH
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 35156541 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: There are numerous reports on the facilitatory role of the pineal gland (PG) in brain function, and the size this structure is suggested to be associated with its proper functionality. Previous works which...
INTRODUCTION: There are numerous reports on the facilitatory role of the pineal gland (PG) in brain function, and the size this structure is suggested to be associated with its proper functionality. Previous works which studied the volume of the PG were mostly based on manual delineation of this region. In a recent work, we developed an MRI atlas for the PG in the standard space, with one of its applications being in volumetric studies. METHODS: In this study, using structural MRI data from 295 healthy participants in the age range of 19 to 76 years old, and using robust volumetric methods which included the above-mentioned atlas, we estimated the association of ageing with the changes of the PG volume, along with the volume of 48 other brain structures. RESULTS: We observed a linear decline (r= -0.42) over this age range for the PG volume, which showed similarity to the ageing profile of most of the other brain structures. Also, the PG volume showed significant associations with the scores of 9 cognitive tests. CONCLUSION: This study is the first work with an automated approach to estimate the PG volume, and could be a help to better understand the functionality of the PG in older ages.
The Association between Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Wang T, Liu Y, Huang W
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 35142261 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Patients wtih type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of depressive symptoms. Whether serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is associated with depressive symptoms in old patient...
BACKGROUND: Patients wtih type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of depressive symptoms. Whether serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is associated with depressive symptoms in old patients with type 2 DM is still uncertain. OBJECTIVE: We aim to investigate whether serum NGAL levels were associated with elevated risk of depressive symptoms in patients with type 2 DM in an old population. METHODS: Blood samples from 1012 hospitalized patients were measured for serum NGAL within the first 24 hours after admission. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale was performed to calculate depressive score. Cox analyses were used to examine the prognostic value of serum NGAL on detecting depressive symptoms during a median period of 5 years (range = 0.3-6.2 years). RESULTS: 136 (36.6)% of all subjects have depressive symptoms during the follow-up period. Linear analysis showed that serum NGAL levels at baseline were associated with CES-D score after adjusting for clinically relevant variables in type 2 DM patients (Sβ = 0.118, 95% CI 0.106-0.171, P < .001) but not in non-DM patients (Sβ = 0.025, 95% CI, -0.047-0.083; = .205). Cox analysis revealed that serum NGAL did have an independent prognostic value on predicting depressive symptoms (HR = 2.247, 95% CI 1.415-3.811, -trend<0.001, Model 2) in type 2 DM patients but not in non-DM patients (HR = 1.811, 95% CI 1.209-3.292, -trend = 0.189, Model 2) during follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: We found the first evidence that serum NGAL were strongly associated with depressive symptoms in patients with type 2 DM but not in non-DM patients. Further studies are needed to prove the underlying mechanism for the impact of type 2 DM on the association.
Responsible Remembering and Forgetting in Younger and Older Adults.
Murphy DH, Castel AD
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 35142260 · Full text
Although older adults are often concerned about instances of forgetting, forgetting can be a useful feature of our memory system. Specifically, strategically forgetting less important information can benefit memory for g...
Although older adults are often concerned about instances of forgetting, forgetting can be a useful feature of our memory system. Specifically, strategically forgetting less important information can benefit memory for goal-relevant information (i.e., responsible remembering and responsible forgetting). In two experiments, we presented younger and older adults with a list of words (either unrelated words or items to bring on a camping trip) with a cue indicating whether participants ("You") or their "Friend" was responsible for remembering each item. Results revealed that both younger and older adults engaged in responsible remembering and forgetting by better remembering items they were responsible for remembering, indicating a strategic utilization of their limited memory capacity. Additionally, regardless of age and the cue indicating who was responsible for remembering each item, participants used importance to guide the encoding and retrieval of information. Thus, people may be able to engage strategic cognitive mechanisms to maximize memory utility for important, goal-relevant information, and responsible forgetting can enhance memory utility in both younger and older adults by using importance to drive memory and reduce consequences for forgetting.
Association between Sleep Duration and Depression among the Elderly Population in China.
Zhong W, Wang F, Chi L … +3 more , Yang X, Yang Y, Wang Z
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 34969355 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to understand how sleep duration could affect depression among elderly in China. METHOD: A total of 7103 individuals aged 60 and older were selected from China Health and Retir...
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to understand how sleep duration could affect depression among elderly in China. METHOD: A total of 7103 individuals aged 60 and older were selected from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to estimate the relationship between sleep duration and depression, and we performed stratified analyses by age: young-old elderly, old-old elderly and oldest-old elderly. RESULTS: Short sleep duration significantly incresased CES-D10 depression scores. In addition, the participants with middle sleep duration had higher CES-D10 scores compared to the participants with long sleep duration among young-old elderly, and we found that middle sleep duration was not significantly different from CES-D10 scores after adjustment for demographics, frequencies of activities and Chronic diseases. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggested that there was a complex association between depression and sleep duration among elderly in China. Different from previous research results on the middle or normal sleep time of the elderly, the middle sleep duration maybe not optimal sleep duration in this study. Investigation of sleep extension to prevent depression may be warranted among the elderly.
Quality of Sleep in Elderly Patients with Diabetes Mellitus from Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.
Bayrak M, Çadirci K
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 34635033 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Elderly patients frequently experience poor sleep quality. We aimed to determine its prevalence and risk factors in diabetic elderly patients from Turkey. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study of 22...
BACKGROUND: Elderly patients frequently experience poor sleep quality. We aimed to determine its prevalence and risk factors in diabetic elderly patients from Turkey. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study of 220 diabetic elderly patients with a mean age of 70.4 ± 5.9 was conducted between June 2019 and December 2019. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used. Patients were divided based on sleep quality into poor (PSQI> 5) and good (PSQI≤ 5) sleep quality groups. Geriatric Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Hendrich II Fall Risk Model were adopted. The prevalence of poor sleep quality and risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS: Prevalence of poor sleep quality was 58.6%. Poor sleepers were significantly older, were more likely to be divorced, had more comorbidities, and used more medicines (ps<0.05). Longer duration of diabetes, higher incidence of hypoglycemic events, and diabetic complications were significantly associated with poor sleep quality (ps<0.05). Poor sleepers had higher levels of blood glucose and HbA1c levels (ps<0.05). PSQI was significantly correlated with age, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, higher depression, anxiety, and falling risk (ps<0.05). Severe depression, anxiety, and higher falling risk were independent risk factors. CONCLUSION: Most patients experienced poor sleep quality. It was associated with a longer duration of diabetes, chronic diabetes-related complications, and higher HbA1c levels. Severe depression, anxiety, and higher falling risk were risk factors for poor sleep quality.
Effect of a Social Networking Site Training on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older People and Role of Personality Traits. Results from the Randomized Controlled Trial Ageing in a Networked Society-Social Experiment (ANS-SE) Study.
Vaccaro R, Abbondanza S, Rolandi E … +4 more , Casanova G, Pettinato L, Colombo M, Guaita A
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 34605378 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of social network sites (SNSs) training on cognitive performance in cognitively healthy older individuals, and to explore the influence of personality trait...
OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of social network sites (SNSs) training on cognitive performance in cognitively healthy older individuals, and to explore the influence of personality traits on cognitive benefits of SNSs training. METHODS: The Aging in a Networked Society-Social Experiment study was a randomized controlled trial with three arms: intervention group (course on SNSs use), active control group (lifestyle education) and waiting list. Among the 180 eligible participants, 144 participated, 115 completed the study. The assessment comprised: Stroop Color and Word Test, Wechsler tests (Digit span, Symbol search, Coding), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire- Revised- Short Form. RESULTS: There was no significant cognitive improvement for treatment group versus the control groups. Time interference significantly worsened in lifestyle education group compared to the waiting list, after controlling for baseline test scores and personality traits. CONCLUSION: The present study does not support the usefulness of SNSs training with healthy older adults. The educational content of lifestyle education is not an inert condition among individuals with high levels of neuroticism and socially desirable responding. There is a need to design experimental conditions in the control groups which do not influence participant's outcomes.
Initial Adaptation of the General Cognitive Assessment Battery by Cognifit™ for Bulgarian Older Adults.
Yaneva A, Massaldjieva R, Mateva N
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 34605370 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Online neuropsychological assessment batteries may facilitate the screening of cognitive functions in older adults and could be useful for early diagnosis and detection of cognitive impairments. OBJECTIVE: Th...
BACKGROUND: Online neuropsychological assessment batteries may facilitate the screening of cognitive functions in older adults and could be useful for early diagnosis and detection of cognitive impairments. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to assess the psychometric qualities of an online multi-domain cognitive assessment battery (General Cognitive Assessment Battery (GCAB) by Cognifit™) applied for the first time in Bulgaria. METHODS: A total of 20 healthy older adults (6 male and 14 female, aged 60-82) completed the GCAB as well as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological battery. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the sample and the scores on the GCAB and the CERAD battery. The internal consistency of the GCAB was evaluated using item analysis and measured with Cronbach's alpha. The concurrent validity of the GCAB was assessed with respect to the CERAD using Spearman's r after verifying the linear relationship between the GCAB and CERAD scores. RESULTS: The GCAB showed good concurrent validity when compared with the corresponding CERAD tests. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.67 for working memory to 0.47 for short-term auditory memory. We found very good reliability of the GCAB, with the inter-class correlation coefficient higher than 0.8 for all cognitive domains. There were no significant correlations between MMSE and GCAB scores. CONCLUSION: The GCAB was found to be valid for the cognitive screening of Bulgarian healthy older adults and may provide an adequate assessment of their cognitive status. The GCAB showed good concurrent validity when compared with the CERAD battery, measuring similar cognitive constructs. Further work is necessary to explore its validity and reliability.
Differences in the Level of Functional Fitness and Precise Hand Movements of People with and without Cognitive Disorders.
Anna R, Jarosław F, Izabela W … +3 more , Karolina L, Małgorzata K, Malgorzata S
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 34605367 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: to assess and compare the gross and fine motor skills in people with identified cognitive impairment and in people from the control group. METHOD: The research was conducted at the Center of Dementia-Related...
OBJECTIVES: to assess and compare the gross and fine motor skills in people with identified cognitive impairment and in people from the control group. METHOD: The research was conducted at the Center of Dementia-Related Diseases, involved participants with (n = 39) and without (n = 29) cognitive disorders. Fast, precise hand movements were measured via Vienna System Test. The up-and-go, chair-stand, 6-minute walk tests were used to assess functional fitness. The results for participants with and without cognitive disorders were compared. RESULTS: People from both groups do not differ significantly in terms of the level of condition-based functional fitness. Participants with cognitive disorders achieve worse results in hand coordination tests which are more complex and require both speed and accuracy of hand movements. DISCUSSION: The deterioration of precise hand movements with the correct functional efficiency may indicate degenerative changes in brain areas associated with complex thought processes, conceptual thinking, and may lead to dementia.
Wake after Sleep Onset Time Moderated Age-related Emotional Memory Bias.
Xie X, Xu Y, Wang R … +2 more , Lei X, Yu J
Exp Aging Res · 2022 · PMID 34605356 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have shown that older adults have positive emotional bias. However, how sleep characteristics such as sleep continuity moderate this emotional bias in older adults is less understood. OBJECTI...
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have shown that older adults have positive emotional bias. However, how sleep characteristics such as sleep continuity moderate this emotional bias in older adults is less understood. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to determine whether positive emotional memory bias is associated with sleep continuity in older adults. METHODS: We recruited 92 community-dwelling older adults for a cross-sectional study. Participants underwent 1 week of objective actigraphic sleep monitoring and completed a visuospatial associative memory task at baseline and 1 week later. RESULTS: Older adults exhibited better memory performance for positive pictures than for neutral and negative pictures at baseline, and this positive emotional bias was maintained for at least 1 week. Crucially, this effect was moderated by sleep continuity: Older adults with shorter wake after sleep onset times (WASO) exhibited this positive bias, whereas those with longer WASO did not. DISCUSSION: The present results are the first to demonstrate that positive emotional bias is moderated by sleep continuity in older adults. These findings have implications for emotion regulation in older adults and highlight the need for targeted interventions to increase their sleep continuity, which may help to improve emotional processing in this population.
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