Thelazia callipaeda nematodes parasitize in the eyes of domestic and wild carnivorous mammals (more often in Canidae). Numerous cases of human infestation are also known. The nematode spreads in South and East Asia altho...Thelazia callipaeda nematodes parasitize in the eyes of domestic and wild carnivorous mammals (more often in Canidae). Numerous cases of human infestation are also known. The nematode spreads in South and East Asia although in the last decade this has been reported from dogs, cats and wolves in South and Central Europe as well. In the Russian Federation, T. callipaeda was earlier observed in dogs, cats, foxes and raccoon dogs in some regions of the Russian Far East. Two cases of human infestation were also reported. There has been no evidence of T. callipaeda in Russia in the past 50 years. Postmortem parasitological surveys of various wild carnivores were performed in the Primorsky Territory of Russia in the winter of 2012 to the summer of 2014. Conjunctival sac including the space under the nictitating membrane was sought for nematodes. T. callipaeda was detected in 28 sables of the 492 examined ones, in 5 out of the 11 raccoon dogs, in 2 out of the 3 foxes, and in one lynx. The examination of 25 kolinskies, 4 American minks, 3 Amur leopard cats, 2 yellow-throated martens and one badger provided negative results. The sable and the wild lynx are firstly reported as hosts of T. callipaeda. The findings suggest that there is a persisting natural reservoir of zoonotic thelaziosis in the Russian Far East. The epidemiological importance of this fact should not be underestimated.
Akibekov OS, Lider LA, Odoevskiĭ IM
… +2 more, Tokpan SS, Ospanova AZ
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 25850317
In vitro cultivation of Trichinella spiralis provided data on the structure of somatic and excretory-secretory antigens of T. spiralis larvae, their immunochemical properties were studied. The findings suggest that work...In vitro cultivation of Trichinella spiralis provided data on the structure of somatic and excretory-secretory antigens of T. spiralis larvae, their immunochemical properties were studied. The findings suggest that work should be continued to produce monoclonal antibodies and to develop highly sensitive and specific ELISA test systems for the diagnosis of human and animal trichinosis.
The efficacy of original oil escazole and nemozole suspensions in albino mice in the muscle phase of T. spiralis invasion, which was detected by lifetime diagnosis of experimental trichinosis 6 days after initiation of t...The efficacy of original oil escazole and nemozole suspensions in albino mice in the muscle phase of T. spiralis invasion, which was detected by lifetime diagnosis of experimental trichinosis 6 days after initiation of treatment in a daily dose of 0.3 g/kg, was 100%. Under equal experimental conditions, the oil nemozole suspension showed high toxicity and caused death in 50% of the treated animals.
The paper gives the data obtained in toxicological experiments versus analysis by a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay in permethrin-resistant human lice (VSSC1 gene kdr mutations leading to the amino acid replace...The paper gives the data obtained in toxicological experiments versus analysis by a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay in permethrin-resistant human lice (VSSC1 gene kdr mutations leading to the amino acid replacements T9171 and L920F have been found). It is shown that the results of toxicological experiments may be indirectly indicative of the genetic composition of a study sample of lice.
Western Nile fever (WNF) is an arboviral infection of the most relevance to the Volgograd Region. The observed decreasing incidence of WNF in 2001-2006, 2008, and 2009 and a decline in the number of its severe forms are...Western Nile fever (WNF) is an arboviral infection of the most relevance to the Volgograd Region. The observed decreasing incidence of WNF in 2001-2006, 2008, and 2009 and a decline in the number of its severe forms are only suggestive of the temporary regression of the epidemic process in the Volgograd Region. There are prerequisites and forerunners for a complication of the epidemiological Western Nile fever situation in the Volgograd Region. The goal of the epidemiological survey of Western Nile fever is to provide necessary and sufficient information for the analysis of the epidemiological situation and to define a line of public health policy and actions when making managerial decisions.
The infection of Culex pipiens f. pipiens and Cx. pipiens f. molestus mosquitoes with Western Nile virus was studied. Their taxonomic status was determined from the type of mitochondrial DNA. Among 424 females individual...The infection of Culex pipiens f. pipiens and Cx. pipiens f. molestus mosquitoes with Western Nile virus was studied. Their taxonomic status was determined from the type of mitochondrial DNA. Among 424 females individually examined, there were 4 infected specimens: 3 pipens females gathered in the urban and suburban open biotopes and one molestus female caught in the open urban biotope. Molestus mitotype females were first detected in the suburban open biotopes. The possible reasons for the wide colonization of molestus mosquitoes and its epidemic consequences are discussed.
Zhakhongirov ShM, Ponomarev IM, Zvantsov AB
… +6 more, Goriacheva II, Gordeev MI, Fatullaeva AA, Saĭfiev ShT, Ezhov MN, Abdiev TA
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 25850308
Morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic analyses made in the Fergana, Chirchik-Akhangaran, Mirzachul, and Zarafshan physicogeographical districts of Uzbekistan revealed the closely related species An. artemievi...Morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic analyses made in the Fergana, Chirchik-Akhangaran, Mirzachul, and Zarafshan physicogeographical districts of Uzbekistan revealed the closely related species An. artemievi malaria mosquito from the An. maculipennis complex. In the human settlements and natural biotopes under their canopy of 7 physicogeographical districts of Uzbekistan, there were 6 Anopheles mosquito species (An. artemievi, An. claviger, An. hyrcanus, An.martinius, An. pulcherrimus, and An. superpictus); An. superpictus is a dominant species in the human settlements and An. artemievi in subdominant. An.pulcherrimus was dominant and An. superpictus was subdominant under natural canopy conditions. The latter is of widespread occurrence in the mountain and piedmont areas of Uzbekistan. It is encountered in all the physicogeographical districts. An. artemievi is distributed in the river valleys in the Fergana, Chirchik-Akhangaran, Mirzachul, and Zarafshan physicogeographical districts. An. pulcherrimus is common in the plain river valleys, except in the Qashqadaryo physicogeographical district. An. martinius is found in the Qashqadaryo and Nizhneamudryo physicogeographical districts. Livestock houses are the most attractive day's rests for mosquitoes; utility rooms rank next in mosquito density. Housing premises are slightly occupied by mosquitoes. The maximum size of aggressive mosquitoes is noted in July, August, and early September.
To achieve the elimination of tropical malaria, Tajikistan divided its territory into districts in terms of the malariogenic potential (receptivity + vulnerability) and identified priority regions to be exposed, determin...To achieve the elimination of tropical malaria, Tajikistan divided its territory into districts in terms of the malariogenic potential (receptivity + vulnerability) and identified priority regions to be exposed, determined the population's fever background and the required personnel, equipment, and reagents for parasitological examinations, and compiled an inventory of malaria foci. The investigators tested a new (artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine) treatment regimen in patients with tropical malaria and in parasite carriers and established active detection of malaria cases through homestead rounds and population examinations. The packages of antimalarial measures were improved, by annually evaluating their efficiency in accordance with the monitoring and estimation indicators.
Saĭburkhonov DS, Karimov SS, Kadamov DS
… +1 more, Baranova AM
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 25850306
Tropical malaria occurred in the Republic of Tajikistan in 1994 after 40-year absence and spread in 28 regions of Tajikistan and in 3 cities (Dushanbe, Kulyab, and Kurgan-Tyube), peaking in 2000 (831 cases). A total of 3...Tropical malaria occurred in the Republic of Tajikistan in 1994 after 40-year absence and spread in 28 regions of Tajikistan and in 3 cities (Dushanbe, Kulyab, and Kurgan-Tyube), peaking in 2000 (831 cases). A total of 3585 cases of tropical malaria were notified in 602 foci during a 15-year period. Migrants imported the pathogenic agent by the route of Pakistan-Afghanistan-Tajikistan during armed conflicts and in trading activities continually.The emergence of Asian Plasmodium falciparum phenotypes was accompanied by the clinical complications of the disease: the high percentage of moderate and severe forms of the disease was observed in preschool children in the absence of fatal outcomes. The rising incidence of malaria was associated with not only with the intensive import of the infection and the flight of infected malaria mosquitoes, but also with the active examination of the population during homestead rounds and with the timely laboratory diagnosis of malaria pathogens. The long-term goal antimalarial measures in the Republic of Tajikistan in 2009 resulted in the pause in the local transmission of tropical malaria, which meant its elimination in the country.
Simakova AI, Popov AF, Sokotun SA
… +2 more, Sokotun OA, Petukhova SA
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2014 · PMID 25812416
The authors analyze a case of Chikungunya fever imported to Vladivostok. The disease was severe and resulted in disability in a female patient for more than 6 months. There were difficulties in its differential diagnosis...The authors analyze a case of Chikungunya fever imported to Vladivostok. The disease was severe and resulted in disability in a female patient for more than 6 months. There were difficulties in its differential diagnosis with rheumatic diseases.
The paper describes a case of acute opisthorchiasis in a 31-year-old female patient after ingestion of dried fish of the family Cyprinidae caught in the Oka River basin on the border of the Moscow and Ryazan Regions. Thi...The paper describes a case of acute opisthorchiasis in a 31-year-old female patient after ingestion of dried fish of the family Cyprinidae caught in the Oka River basin on the border of the Moscow and Ryazan Regions. This case could convince of that there was a risk of human Opisthorchis infection despite the zoonotic pattern of circulation of the pathogen in European Russia. The dietary intake of unsterilized fish of the family Cyprinidae caught in the Moscow and neighboring regions may give rise to Opisthorchis invasion and, it a large infectious dose, to acute opisthorchiasis.
Fatullaeva AA, Kovalenko DA, Baranets MS
… +1 more, Ponirovskiĭ EN
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2014 · PMID 25812413
The species composition of mosquitoes was studied in the foci of visceral leishmaniasis in the Navoiy and Samarkand Provinces of Uzbekistan. The human settlements where these observations were made were located at 1000-1...The species composition of mosquitoes was studied in the foci of visceral leishmaniasis in the Navoiy and Samarkand Provinces of Uzbekistan. The human settlements where these observations were made were located at 1000-1200 m above sea level. Seven species: Phlebotomus sergenti, P. caucasicus, P. longiductus, P. papatasi, P. alexandri, Sergetomyia sumbarica, and S. grecovi were found. The predominant species was P. sergenti; P. longiductus was a vector for visceral leishmaniasis, which was present in all the collected samples. Bovine animal and small cattle yards were ascertained to be the hatching of mosquito eggs.