BACKGOUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, affecting memory, thinking, and behaviour. Its neuropathology includes amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the b...BACKGOUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, affecting memory, thinking, and behaviour. Its neuropathology includes amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. MATERIALS: Amyloid plaques consist of misfolded beta-amyloid protein, while tangles are made of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. METHOD: After treatment with JWX-A1223, the APP/PS1 mice showed significant cognitive improvement in the Morris water maze test. They had shorter escape latency, reduced swimming distance, and longer stay time in the target quadrant, indicating enhanced spatial learning and memory. RESULTS: The treatment with JWX-A1223 also significantly reduced the phosphorylation levels of tau protein at Ser202, Ser396 and Ser404 sites in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice, while increasing the phosphorylation levels at Ser473 site of Akt and Ser9 site of GSK3β. CONSLUSION: It indicates that by regulating the activity of the Akt/GSK3β pathway, it alleviates the excessive phosphorylation of tau protein and thereby improves cognitive impairment.
Stroke rehabilitation traditionally focuses on restoring motor function through physical exercises and training. However, conventional methods often lack a strong theoretical basis from modern neuroscience. Integrating t...Stroke rehabilitation traditionally focuses on restoring motor function through physical exercises and training. However, conventional methods often lack a strong theoretical basis from modern neuroscience. Integrating these technologies into rehabilitation protocols shifts the focus from peripheral movement to a brain-centred model, using objective biomarkers for assessment. The study involved 87 chronic stroke patients divided into three groups: Group A received rTMS and task-oriented training, Group B received sham rTMS and task-oriented training, and Group C received conventional rehabilitation and sham rTMS. The intervention lasted four weeks. Comprehensive assessments, were used to evaluate neurobiological and functional changes. Results showed that Group A exhibited significantly greater improvements in motor function, daily living activities, and muscle tone compared to the control groups. Neuroimaging revealed increased connectivity within the affected motor network and normalised interhemispheric balance in Group A. These findings support the effectiveness of the combined rTMS and task-oriented training approach.
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive lung resection combined with CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for multiple radiographic non-invasive lung cancer (mGGN-LC) is applicable to patients with multiple pulmonary nodules...BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive lung resection combined with CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for multiple radiographic non-invasive lung cancer (mGGN-LC) is applicable to patients with multiple pulmonary nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study adopted a prospective cohort design and included 40-60 patients with multiple radiographic non-invasive lung cancer who had surgical indications. The research focuses on analysing the incidence rate, manifestations and the effectiveness of diagnostic methods of postoperative nerve damage. RESULTS: Studies have shown that minimally invasive lung resection combined with CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for multiple radiographic non-invasive lung cancers is a safe and effective treatment strategy. The combination of thermal medical imaging diagnostic techniques can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative neurological complications. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis and management of postoperative nerve damage are of great significance in multimodal treatment. Through full-process imaging support and clinical assessment, the postoperative quality of life of patients can be effectively improved.
Oxidative stress induced by diets rich in trans-unsaturated fatty acids is well-documented. However, their organ-specific effects and the potential of antioxidant interventions remain unclear. This study investigated the...Oxidative stress induced by diets rich in trans-unsaturated fatty acids is well-documented. However, their organ-specific effects and the potential of antioxidant interventions remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of margarine intake, with or without chamomile water decoction (CWD) or intermittent fasting (IF), on oxidative status in young C57BL/6J mice over 16 weeks. Margarine-fed mice had elevated lipid peroxide (LOOH) levels in the kidneys (females) and cortex (both sexes), while levels were lower in muscle and unchanged in the heart of both sexes. Activities of glutathione-dependent enzymes were higher in both sexes of margarine-fed mice. The addition of CWD to margarine provided antioxidant protection in female kidneys and heart, but caused oxidative damage in male heart. The margarine with IF demonstrated tissue-specific antioxidant benefits. Thus, margarine induces oxidative stress in a sex- and tissue-specific way. CWD and IF can counteract these effects, offering potential protective strategies against margarine-induced oxidative stress.
BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurosurgical emergency with a high rate of disability and mortality. In the treatment of TBI, apart from timely and effective clinical intervention measures, reasonab...BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurosurgical emergency with a high rate of disability and mortality. In the treatment of TBI, apart from timely and effective clinical intervention measures, reasonable nutritional support also plays a significant role, among which protein nutrition intervention has attracted particular attention. PURPOSE: This study aims to develop a clinical decision support system (CDSS), namely the T system, to automatically analyse the medical text data of TBI patients and output treatment plans, which also takes into account the importance of protein nutrition intervention. METHOD: Therefore, the T system developed in this study can automatically identify and analyse the medical text data of TBI patients, and quickly output accurate treatment plans including protein nutrition intervention. CONCLUSION: This system is expected to provide important decision support for clinicians, optimise the treatment process for TBI patients, improve treatment efficiency and enhance patient prognosis.
CONTEXT: Septic shock's fatal signs include hemodynamic collapse, systemic inflammation, and organ failure. Neurocardiac dysfunctions worsen outcomes, with lipid peroxidation from oxidative stress as a key damage mechani...CONTEXT: Septic shock's fatal signs include hemodynamic collapse, systemic inflammation, and organ failure. Neurocardiac dysfunctions worsen outcomes, with lipid peroxidation from oxidative stress as a key damage mechanism. OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study is to investigates how lipid peroxidation in cell membranes generates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to mitochondrial damage, cell death, and autonomic dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), toxic byproducts, contribute to cardiomyocyte injury, endothelial damage, blood-brain barrier disruption, and altered neuronal signalling. The research analyzes preclinical and clinical data associating sepsis oxidative indicators with poorer cardiac and neurological outcomes. Results: chronological relationship between oxidative stress, cardiac damage, and neural injury. While the visualisation highlights elevated biomarker levels in critically ill neurocardiac patients. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis, risk classification, and focused treatment for septic shock may benefit from understanding neurocardiac dysfunction and lipid peroxidation.
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly malignant and poorly prognostic skin tumour, and its incidence rate is on the rise worldwide. At present, the treatment options for SKCM are limited, and the overall prog...BACKGROUND: Cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly malignant and poorly prognostic skin tumour, and its incidence rate is on the rise worldwide. At present, the treatment options for SKCM are limited, and the overall prognosis of patients is poor. PURPOSE: It is urgent to find effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets. METHOD: Based on clinical sample data, the relationship between UQCC2 expression and patient prognosis was analysed, and its possible molecular mechanism was explored. RESULTS: Functional enrichment analysis revealed that among the genes co-expressed with UQCC2, many were related to neural and protein metabolism, suggesting that neural and protein metabolism interventions might affect the malignant phenotype of SKCM After knocking down UQCC2 in SKCM cells, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of the cells were significantly reduced. CONCLUSION: It also implies that neural and protein metabolic interventions may affect the biological behaviour of SKCM cells by regulating the expression and function of UQCC2.
The NLRP3 protein plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Research has shown that arthritis caused by sports injuries is closely related to the activation of NLRP3. This study aims to...The NLRP3 protein plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Research has shown that arthritis caused by sports injuries is closely related to the activation of NLRP3. This study aims to explore the molecular structure of NLRP3 protein and its role in sports induced arthritis, and evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional and exercise interventions in combating sports induced arthritis. In sports induced arthritis, NLRP3 expression is significantly upregulated, indicating its importance in the inflammatory process. Nutritional intervention showed effective inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Stability intervention analysis shows that long-term adherence to exercise and nutritional interventions can sustainably reduce the activation level of NLRP3. Therefore, appropriate nutrition and exercise interventions can significantly reduce the activation of NLRP3, alleviate joint inflammation, and help protect joint health. It is recommended to introduce such intervention strategies in clinical practice to improve the consequences of joint injuries.
Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a chronic complication of deep vein thrombosis, causes pain, swelling, and ulcers, impairing quality of life. This study explores the role of lipid peroxidation and chronic inflammation in...Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a chronic complication of deep vein thrombosis, causes pain, swelling, and ulcers, impairing quality of life. This study explores the role of lipid peroxidation and chronic inflammation in PTS. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation damage the endothelium, increase venous pressure, and induce fibrosis, driving PTS progression. A biomarker-based ELISA approach is proposed to measure plasma lipid peroxidation products (e.g. MDA) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-6, TNF-α). This method detects early biochemical changes in post-DVT patients and tracks PTS risk. Elevated oxidative and inflammatory markers are strongly linked to PTS, supporting their use as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Screening may improve prediction (98.7%), prevention (97.3%), and management (99.4%), while reducing MDA (95.6%), IL-6 (93.4%), and TNF-α (97.45%). Observational NHS data support symptom-biomarker correlations. Preliminary values for MDA (14.3 ± 4.1 nmol/mL), IL-6 (2.3 ± 1.1 pg/mL), and TNF-α (1.5 ± 0.7 pg/mL) are included to clearly present and support the research hypothesis.
: With the continuous development of sports science, the importance of lipid metabolism control in athletes' physical training and evaluation has become increasingly prominent. : Lipid metabolism, as a key link in human...: With the continuous development of sports science, the importance of lipid metabolism control in athletes' physical training and evaluation has become increasingly prominent. : Lipid metabolism, as a key link in human energy metabolism, its reasonable regulation has a profound impact on athletes' endurance, physical recovery and sports performance. : By rationally regulating lipid metabolism, the endurance and exercise efficiency of athletes can be effectively enhanced. In the design of the physical fitness assessment system, the addition of the lipid metabolism monitoring module makes the physical fitness assessment more comprehensive and scientific. : This system can monitor the lipid metabolism status of athletes in real time and conduct comprehensive analysis in combination with other physical fitness indicators, providing more accurate feedback information for coaches and athletes. : The application of artificial intelligence algorithms has further enhanced the accuracy and personalisation of physical fitness assessment.
BACKGROUND: Verbascoside (VB) inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), but its therapeutic potential in hypertension (HTN) is unclear. AIM: To investigate whether VB inhibits ERS by modulating the Nur77/GFPT2/CHOP ax...BACKGROUND: Verbascoside (VB) inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), but its therapeutic potential in hypertension (HTN) is unclear. AIM: To investigate whether VB inhibits ERS by modulating the Nur77/GFPT2/CHOP axis, thereby ameliorating angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced HTN. METHODS: The cell biological behaviour of HUVECs was determined by CCK-8, LDH kit, scratch assay, and adhesion assay. Oxidative stress factor levels were detected by flow cytometry and kits. The levels of ERS and the Nur77/GFPT2/CHOP pathway-related proteins were examined through Western blot. RESULTS: VB increased the viability of Ang II-treated HUVECs, inhibited LDH release, and reduced cell migration and adhesion. VB also reduced ERS marker protein levels, while inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating the Nur77/GFPT2/CHOP pathway. VB lowered blood pressure and increased elastic fibre deposition in HTN mice, and Nur77 agonists enhanced the protective impact of VB. CONCLUSION: VB hindered Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction and ERS through modulating the Nur77/GFPT2/CHOP pathway.
As people pay more and more attention to health management and exercise, the demand for monitoring fat metabolism and sports injuries is increasing day by day. Fat metabolism, as an important component of human energy me...As people pay more and more attention to health management and exercise, the demand for monitoring fat metabolism and sports injuries is increasing day by day. Fat metabolism, as an important component of human energy metabolism, is closely related to athletic performance, weight management and the prevention of chronic diseases. Through high-precision optical sensors and advanced data analysis algorithms, this method can capture the changes in human physiological signals in real time, thereby reflecting the state of fat metabolism and the occurrence of sports injuries. This research provides new ideas and methods for fat metabolism monitoring and sports injury prevention and is expected to be widely applied in fields such as sports health management, sports training guidance. Through this real-time monitoring technology, people can better understand their own fat metabolism, formulate scientific exercise and diet plans, effectively prevent and promptly handle sports injuries, and improve exercise effectiveness and health levels.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that induces significant oxidative damage to the male reproductive system. This study evaluates the protective effects of gut-derived Indolepropionic acid (...Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that induces significant oxidative damage to the male reproductive system. This study evaluates the protective effects of gut-derived Indolepropionic acid (IPA) against testicular damage in streptozotocin (STZ) induced T2DM rats. T2DM was induced in male rats with a high-fat diet and STZ (50 mg/kg). Groups included: Control, T2DM, T2DM + IPA, IPA only, and T2DM + Metformin, treated for four weeks. T2DM + IPA showed a significantly improved gonadosomatic index, healthier seminiferous tubules histology, characterised by the presence of spermatogonia and elongated spermatozoa and more viable sperm. T2DM + IPA also revealed reduced oxidative stress (elevated superoxide dismutase and catalase, lower malondialdehyde) and upregulated and gene expressions while downregulated , compared to T2DM and T2DM + Metformin groups. These findings suggest IPA protects against diabetic testicular toxicity by enhancing antioxidant defences and modulating key metabolic and spermatogenic genes.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of circ-RPL15 on epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and tumour growth in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: circ-RPL15, microRNA (miR)-518c-3p and...OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of circ-RPL15 on epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and tumour growth in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: circ-RPL15, microRNA (miR)-518c-3p and WD repeat protein 1 () in tumour tissues were detected. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and EMT were analysed in A549 cells after altering circ-RPL15 or miR-518c-3p expression. The targeting relationship between miR-518c-3p with circ-RPL15 or was verified. RESULTS: The results elucidated that circ-RPL15 and levels were elevated in NSCLC tissues, while miR-518c-3p was downregulated. Suppressing circ-RPL15 or elevating miR-518c-3p suppressed cell growth and delayed EMT process. miR-518c-3p was found to target both circ-RPL15 and , and increasing counteracted the effects of reducing circ-RPL15 on A549 cells. Downregulating circ-RPL15 suppressed tumour growth in NSCLC . CONCLUSION: Shortly, circ-RPL15 accelerates EMT and tumour growth in NSCLC via modulating the miR-518c-3p/ axis.
Chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has a relatively high recurrence rate, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Neuroinflammation interacts with the persistent inflammatory state of the nasal muc...Chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has a relatively high recurrence rate, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Neuroinflammation interacts with the persistent inflammatory state of the nasal mucosa. This study aims to explore the application value of medical thermal imaging technology in predicting postoperative recurrence of nECRSwNP, and to evaluate potential biomarkers and efficacy assessment methods for neuroinflammation treatment, with the expectation of providing new strategies for reducing postoperative recurrence rates and improving the quality of life. Medical thermal imaging technology can monitor the temperature changes of nasal mucosa in real time and promptly detect alterations in inflammatory activity. The levels of EOS and cytokines in peripheral blood can serve as potential biomarkers for evaluating the status of neuroinflammation, which is helpful for identifying patients with a higher risk of recurrence, thereby enabling timely adjustment of treatment plans and improving the pertinence and effectiveness of neuroinflammation treatment.
Kidney injury is a common complication of obesity. This study evaluated the protective effect of the prebiotic fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on kidney injury in a high-fat diet-induced obese rat model. Obese rats exhibited...Kidney injury is a common complication of obesity. This study evaluated the protective effect of the prebiotic fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on kidney injury in a high-fat diet-induced obese rat model. Obese rats exhibited increased body weights, elevated lipid profiles, decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), elevated kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and histopathological damage. They also show reduced nephrin expression and upregulated mRNA levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and renin. Supplementation with 10% FOS significantly reduced body weight and triglyceride levels, restored plasma LBP, decreased kidney MDA levels, and enhanced SOD activity. FOS also prevented the upregulation of KIM-1 and renin mRNA and restored nephrin expression. These findings suggest that FOS mitigates obesity-induced kidney injury, supporting its potential as a preventive nutritional intervention.
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vitamin D's (Vit D) hepatoprotective role in MetS and its mechanisms. METHODS: Thirty male rats were divided into...BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vitamin D's (Vit D) hepatoprotective role in MetS and its mechanisms. METHODS: Thirty male rats were divided into MetS, MetS + Vit D, and control groups. We measured arterial blood pressure (ABP), body weight, fat, homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), glycemic/lipid profiles, liver enzymes, oxidative stress (Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase), inflammation (Tumor necrosis factor; TNF-α, matrix metalloproteinase; MMP9, Glial fibrillary acidic protein; GFAP), and AMP-activated protein kinase/Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (AMPK/PI3K) expression. RESULTS: MetS increased oxidative stress, TNF-α, liver enzymes, HOMA-IR, and ABP while reducing adiponectin and AMPK/PI3K. Vit D reversed these effects, suppressing GFAP/MMP9 and restoring metabolic balance. Vit D mitigates MetS-induced liver damage via AMPK/PI3K activation, exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
CONTEXT: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic cardiac disorder that develops independently of coronary artery disease or hypertension in individuals with diabetes. Despite being identified over fifty years ago, it...CONTEXT: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic cardiac disorder that develops independently of coronary artery disease or hypertension in individuals with diabetes. Despite being identified over fifty years ago, it remains poorly recognized, and its management lacks standardization. The rising global prevalence of diabetes has amplified the incidence of DCM, underscoring the urgent need to clarify its molecular underpinnings and clinical progression. OBJECTIVE: To provide a comprehensive review of the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy, elucidating how metabolic dysregulation contributes to cardiac structural and functional alterations. This study also aims to highlight the potential therapeutic targets involved in the key signaling pathways of DCM pathogenesis. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted using major scientific databases, including , and , covering studies published between . Keywords used included and "." DATA SOURCES, STUDY SELECTION, AND DATA EXTRACTION: Peer-reviewed articles, original research papers, and review articles focusing on molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, and therapeutic interventions related to DCM were included. Studies involving both experimental models and human subjects were considered. Data were extracted regarding metabolic alterations, key signaling cascades (NF-κB, PARP1, GLUT4, AT1R), and their association with cardiac remodeling, fibrosis, and functional impairment. The information was synthesized to illustrate the progression from metabolic imbalance to clinical manifestations and to identify promising molecular targets for therapy.
OBJECTIVE: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme with many essential biochemical functions. However, in various cancer diseases, increased activity of G6PD causes cancer cells to grow, so G6PD inhibitors...OBJECTIVE: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme with many essential biochemical functions. However, in various cancer diseases, increased activity of G6PD causes cancer cells to grow, so G6PD inhibitors have become a significant area of research in cancer treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Here, G6PD was purified 4530-fold with affinity chromatography using 2',5'-ADP Sepharose 4B from sheep liver. The effects of reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) on G6PD activity were explored. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: GSH and ascorbic acid showed a significant inhibitory effect on G6PD, and IC values were found as 0.37 µM and 34.66 µM, respectively. The inhibition type from Lineweaver-Burk plots of these compounds was identified as non-competitive inhibition. The values of GSH and ascorbic acid were calculated as 0.48 µM and 30.47 µM, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this study, it was observed that GSH and ascorbic acid antioxidant compounds exhibit an inhibitory effect on G6PD and may be protective and preventive against cancer.
Traditional cancer diagnosis methods include imaging examinations, biopsy, etc., but these methods are often invasive, time-consuming, and costly. This study aims to explore the application effect of infra-red thermograp...Traditional cancer diagnosis methods include imaging examinations, biopsy, etc., but these methods are often invasive, time-consuming, and costly. This study aims to explore the application effect of infra-red thermography technology in cancer diagnosis and analyse the coping experience of primary caregivers during patient diagnosis and treatment. The data collection methods include semi-structured interviews, observations, and questionnaire surveys. The research results show that infra-red thermography technology has high sensitivity and specificity in cancer diagnosis, which can assist doctors in detecting early signs of tumours. Therefore, cancer diagnosis technology based on infra-red thermography has shown great potential in early detection and is expected to become a beneficial supplement to traditional diagnostic methods. At the same time, caregivers' coping experiences during cancer diagnosis and treatment are complex and diverse, requiring the healthcare system to provide more support and resources to help them better adapt and cope.