Mirzaghavami M, Sadraei J, Pirestani M
… +1 more, Bahadory S
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886251
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BACKGROUND: We aimed to characterize spp. in rats, cats, pigeons, and crows. METHODS: Fifty-five animal origin spp. genome were identified, genotyped and confirmed by nested PCR and of RFLP-PCR analysis as well as sequ...BACKGROUND: We aimed to characterize spp. in rats, cats, pigeons, and crows. METHODS: Fifty-five animal origin spp. genome were identified, genotyped and confirmed by nested PCR and of RFLP-PCR analysis as well as sequenced based on 18s rRNA and genes in Tehran (2012-2019). Finally, the phylogenetic analysis was performed by MEGA software (version 7). RESULTS: By the molecular method, spp. were detected in 24 (15.2%), 15 (15%), 2 (2%) and 13 (13%) cases of wild rats, cat, pigeon, and crow, respectively. Among the identified species by the RFLP pattern, most isolates were identified as (24/157) 17.8% in rats, (15/100) 15% in cats, (13/100) 13%in crew and (2/100) 2% in pigeons; and the rest of the cases were and . The results of sequencing did not prove the existence of , , , and rat genotype. Subtyping of was indicated that the dominant subtype family belongs to the IId family and the subtype A20G1 was the most common subtype detected in all hosts while A19G1 was detected in one isolate of cat and pigeon. CONCLUSION: Free-ranging animals are infected by species/subtype of , which can infect humans. This shows by itself the hygienic importance of the free-ranging animals in urban ecosystems. In the transmission of human cryptosporidiosis, the multi-host species such as , , and can be transferred potentially from these animals to humans.
Kooshki F, Khalaf AK, Mahmoudvand H
… +3 more, Baharvand P, Gandomi Rouzbahani F, Selahbarzin B
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886250
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BACKGROUND: This survey was designed to study the molecular epidemiology and risk factors of and in children with underlying malignancies and those on chemotherapy in Lorestan province, West of Iran. METHODS: The prese...BACKGROUND: This survey was designed to study the molecular epidemiology and risk factors of and in children with underlying malignancies and those on chemotherapy in Lorestan province, West of Iran. METHODS: The present cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on children who suffering from different types of malignancies or receiving treatment by chemotherapy referring to oncology section of hospitals of Lorestan Province, Iran during May 2021 to April 2022. The frequency of oral cavity protozoa was investigated using microscopic and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: and parasites were found in 23 (25.5%) by microscopic method and 28 (31.1%) using PCR in children with malignancy. Among positive samples, 20 (71.4%) were infected with whereas 8 (28.6%) of the participants were positive for In the multivariate model, living in rural regions (OR= 3.437; 95% CI= 1.22-9.63; p=0.019) and using mouthwash (OR= 0.082; 95% CI= 0.018-0.37; p<0.001) were significantly related with the frequency of oral cavity parasites. CONCLUSION: Our results showed the high frequency of oral cavity parasites in children who suffering malignancies or receiving treatment by chemotherapy in Lorestan province, Iran. The awareness of the main risk factors for oral cavity parasites particularly using mouthwash is necessary in improving public and oral health strategies in children with cancer. Consequently, oncologist and dental practitioners must be aware to identify and manage oral health concerns in in children who suffering from different types of malignancies to prevent the oral diseases and infections.
Calvopiña M, Fonseca-Carrera D, Villacrés-Granda I
… +3 more, Toapanta A, Chiluisa-Guacho C, Bastidas-Caldes C
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886249
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BACKGROUND: is the parasitic protozoan responsible for leishmaniases, a disease that can cause a range of cutaneous, mucosal, and visceral infections. Two subgenera and are known to infect humans in the tropics and su...BACKGROUND: is the parasitic protozoan responsible for leishmaniases, a disease that can cause a range of cutaneous, mucosal, and visceral infections. Two subgenera and are known to infect humans in the tropics and subtropics of the Americas. The aim of the present study was to develop a new pair of primers for the two subgenera and test in clinical samples. METHODS: We designed two new pairs of primers for a PCR method from two conserved genes, cysteine proteinase B () and N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosfate deacetylase-like protein (A), as specific markers for those two respective subgenera. Primers were tested with 16 microscopical positive clinical samples from the Amazon region of Ecuador obtained in 2010-2020 period. RESULTS: The presented a band of 172 bp and the A a band of 300 bp, thus clearly differentiating from . Additionally, primers identified and differentiated the clinical samples in the two subgenera. CONCLUSION: The new primers targeting different two genes and standardized in a PCR assay could identified and differentiated parasites at subgenus level. This protocol could be used for genus identification and diagnosis at the subgenus level and for determining the parasite's geographical distribution where different subgenera are found in the same area.
Mustufa MA, Bibi S, Raza SJ
… +6 more, Hasan SF, Siddiqui TR, Rakhia A, Munir MA, Merchant AA, Ahmed W
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886248
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BACKGROUND: More than 250 million people are infected by malaria parasites annually while around one million children less than 5 years of age die every year due to malaria. We aimed to assess the seasonal trends and use...BACKGROUND: More than 250 million people are infected by malaria parasites annually while around one million children less than 5 years of age die every year due to malaria. We aimed to assess the seasonal trends and usefulness of capillary and venous blood for rapid diagnosis of malaria. METHODS: This cross-sectional study of 18 months duration was conducted at the National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi. All patients reporting fever as chief complaint were recruited as study subjects. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic information, presenting complaints, awareness of caregivers regarding malaria, preventive measures and history of malaria fever. Three ml Venous (2-3ml) as well as peripheral blood (3-4 drops) samples of all patients were collected for microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). RESULTS: Out of total 477 patients with fever Venous and Capillary Blood RDTs methods detected 33(6.9%) and 30(6.3%) as the malaria positive while Venous and Capillary Blood Microscopy detected 30(6.1%) and 32(6.7%) cases respectively. infection was the most prevalent (87.9%) and majority (39.39%) of the cases occurred in the quarter, July to September. CONCLUSION: July to September is the peak season for malaria and (87.9%) is the predominant strain in Karachi. Venous and capillary blood are equally useful for malaria diagnosis however, convenience and less invasiveness may justify the preference of capillary blood over venous blood for early diagnosis of malaria.
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886247
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Gallbladder is a rare localization for hydatid disease. Complications are even rarer and precise diagnosis is quite difficult even with radiological assistance. We report a rare case of 41-yr-old male patient presenting...Gallbladder is a rare localization for hydatid disease. Complications are even rarer and precise diagnosis is quite difficult even with radiological assistance. We report a rare case of 41-yr-old male patient presenting with the rupture of a gallbladder hydatid cyst with multiple fistulae to intra and extrahepatic bile ducts and pancreas, at Kocaeli State Hospital, Turkey in 2021. The patient had abdominal pain and abdominal CT scan reported a bizarre "contrast enhanced cholangiography" sign - radiopaque contrast substance in gallbladder, intra and extrahepatic bile ducts and pancreatic ducts, with concomitant acute cholecystitis. Surgery was performed and intraoperatively gallbladder hydatid cyst with multiple fistulae was noted. Cholecystectomy with total cyst excision was performed. Endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP) was utilized to irrigate and eradicate the parasite in the fistulae tracts localized near pancreas and intra/extrahepatic ducts. Postoperative period was uneventful, antiparasitic treatment was started, and in the yearly follow-up patient had no recurrence. Multidisciplinary and minimal invasive management is crucial in such bizarre, complicated cases.
Hosseininejad Z, Daryani A, Fasihi-Ramandi M
… +5 more, Asgarian-Omran H, Valadan R, Nayeri T, Dodangeh S, Sarvi S
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886246
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BACKGROUND: We aimed to design a B and T cell recombinant protein vaccine of with approach. MIC13 plays an important role in spreading the parasite in the host body. GRA1 causes the persistence of the parasite in the p...BACKGROUND: We aimed to design a B and T cell recombinant protein vaccine of with approach. MIC13 plays an important role in spreading the parasite in the host body. GRA1 causes the persistence of the parasite in the parasitophorous vacuole. SAG1 plays a role in host-cell adhesion and cell invasion. METHODS: Amino acid positions 73-272 from MIC13, 71-190 from GRA1, and 101-300 from SAG1 were selected and joined with linker A(EAAAK)A. The structures, antigenicity, allergenicity, physicochemical properties, as well as codon optimization and mRNA structure of this recombinant protein called MGS1, were predicted using bioinformatics servers. The designed structure was synthesized and then cloned in pET28a (+) plasmid and transformed into BL21. RESULTS: The number of amino acids in this antigen was 555, and its antigenicity was estimated to be 0.6340. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting confirmed gene expression and successful production of the protein with a molecular weight of 59.56kDa. This protein will be used in our future studies as an anti- vaccine candidate in animal models. CONCLUSION: methods are efficient for understanding information about proteins, selecting immunogenic epitopes, and finally producing recombinant proteins, as well as reducing the time and cost of vaccine design.
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886245
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Splenic infarction is a rare complication of both malaria and COVID-19. We report a splenic infarction case due to COVID-19 and malaria co-infection. A 35-year-old male with no known chronical disease tested positive for...Splenic infarction is a rare complication of both malaria and COVID-19. We report a splenic infarction case due to COVID-19 and malaria co-infection. A 35-year-old male with no known chronical disease tested positive for both COVID-19 and malaria in Turkey in 2022. Oral artemether and lumefantrine treatment was started. On the third day of the treatment, he complained about a severe left upper quadrant pain. A repeated abdominal CT showed splenomegaly and 8 cm diameter hypodense areas throughout the spleen consistent with splenic infarction. The patient was discharged with low molecular weight heparin. A rare complication that can be seen in both diseases developed a more rigorous recommendation for anticoagulant therapy is needed for co-infections of COVID-19 with diseases that may present similar thrombotic complications.
Baqer NN, Mohammed AS, A Al-Aboody B
… +1 more, Ismail AM
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886244
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We diagnosed a case report of amoebic meningoencephalitis by . This case represented the first recording in Iraq where it was not recording previously. This case was diagnosed after the death of an 18-year-old girl patie...We diagnosed a case report of amoebic meningoencephalitis by . This case represented the first recording in Iraq where it was not recording previously. This case was diagnosed after the death of an 18-year-old girl patient who lived in a rural area of Mosul in Iraq. Genetics detection of showed PCR product was 183bp for gene. It was registered as the first recording of Iraqi isolate in GenBank with accession number OP380864.1. It is necessary to examine microscopically the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to observe the amoeba stages and exclude the bacterial causative. Rapid diagnosis may help in the treatment of amoebic meningoencephalitis. In addition, genetic identification can diagnose amoeba. Avoiding swimming or using freshwater contributes to prevent amoebic meningoencephalitis infection.
Ehya F, Kalantari S, Bandehpour M
… +1 more, Kazemi B
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37886243
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BACKGROUND: A lizard has been isolated from a lizard () in Iran. Its genome sequence has not been determined, so far. METHODS: The study was done at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2017-2...BACKGROUND: A lizard has been isolated from a lizard () in Iran. Its genome sequence has not been determined, so far. METHODS: The study was done at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2017-2023. promastigotes were cultured in RPMI culture medium and collected at logarithmic phase by centrigugation. Parasite RNA was extracted by the Qiagene standard kit and its quantity and quality was determined and sequenced by NGS method with Illumina PE machine at BGI Company (China). RESULTS: The number of 8316 mRNA, 83 tRNA, 63 rRNA, 83 ncRNA, 5 snRNA, 1039 snoRNA, 36 region, and 3 repeat regions, 8343 CDS, 9597 Exon and 9292 Genes were identified in promastigote of Iranian lizard . CONCLUSION: Genomic elements of Iranian lizards (with unique characteristics) were determined and identified by NGS system.
Bektas M, Yarimoglu R, Ozcan A
… +2 more, Baltaci B, Basar H
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583644
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Leeches are rare cause of foreign body in airways. A 23-year-old male, experiencing epistaxis and difficulty in swallowing is presented. During nasopharyngoscopy, a moving leech was observed on the nasopharynx posterior...Leeches are rare cause of foreign body in airways. A 23-year-old male, experiencing epistaxis and difficulty in swallowing is presented. During nasopharyngoscopy, a moving leech was observed on the nasopharynx posterior wall in midline location, and removal of the leech was decided under general anaesthesia. The flexible nasopharyngoscopy was inserted, but removal was unsuccessful due to the leech's movements. Leeches are blood-sucking parasites, so neuromuscular blocking agent was given to prevent the movement. After administration, motion of the leech was lost and easily removed undamaged. In patients presenting with unexplained epistaxis, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and foreign body sensation in the airway, leech infestation should be included as the differential diagnosis and history of contact with stream water should be questioned. We concluded that use of low dose neuromuscular blocking agents facilitates the gentle removal, and could be necessary for successful management of removal of leech under general anaesthesia.
Eimanzadeh M, Mohebali M, Zarrabi M
… +6 more, Foroushani AR, Kazemi M, Hajjaran H, Zarei Z, Kakooei Z, Akhoundi B
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583643
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BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is currently considered a re-emerging or emerging infection based on the geographic region. The outcome of leishmaniasis vastly depends on host interaction. This preliminary study aimed to show...BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is currently considered a re-emerging or emerging infection based on the geographic region. The outcome of leishmaniasis vastly depends on host interaction. This preliminary study aimed to show the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II genes with healed and non-healed cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and symptomatic and asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) compared with control groups in Iran. METHODS: Ninety-five people, including 31 patients versus 64 individuals in the control group, were enrolled. Among them, 20 patients had confirmed CL based on amastigote observation, 10 had improved CL and 10 non-healed CL. Eleven patients were suffering from confirmed VL based on direct agglutination test (Five asymptomatic and six symptomatic VL cases). Besides, they were residents in an endemic area of VL in the northwest of Iran. To select a control group, it was ensured that they had no history of leishmaniasis. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each patient. After DNA extraction, HLA typing was conducted using polymerase chain reaction - sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP). Subsequently, data were statistically analyzed by SPSS. RESULTS: There was a statistical relationship between the presence of HLA-A26 and CL, healed CL and the existence of the B38 allele, C1 allele and symptomatic VL, as well as B1.4 allele and asymptomatic VL (<0.05). CONCLUSION: This primary finding indicates that several HLA genes have a potential role in the susceptibility of Iranian people to CL and VL.
Erden A, Armağan B, Güven SC
… +5 more, Karakaş Ö, Erden F, Özdemir B, Omma A, Küçükşahin O
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583642
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BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the frequency of infestation and clinical implications in connective tissue disease patients with facial erythema. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with a connective tissue disease and had...BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the frequency of infestation and clinical implications in connective tissue disease patients with facial erythema. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with a connective tissue disease and had facial erythema were consecutively enrolled in the study from 2019-2020. An age and gender matched control group was formed from healthy volunteers. Presence of was investigated by standardized skin surface biopsy. Number of mites over 5 per centimeter square was considered meaningful for infestation. Topical or systemic metronidazole treatment was given to the connective tissue disease patients with infestation. Facial erythema visual analog scale was questioned in patients at treatment onset and one month after. RESULTS: A total of 31 connective tissue disease patients with facial erythema were enrolled. Control group included 31 healthy volunteers. Demographics and comorbidities were similar between groups. infestation was present in 58.1% of the disease group and in 25.8% of the control group (=0.01). Pruritus was the most common symptom in patients with infestation. Median (IQR) facial erythema visual analog scale score was 6 (3) at treatment onset and was 2 (2.5) one month later (<0.001). CONCLUSION: When evaluating facial cutaneous lesions, infestation should not be overlooked in a patient group like connective tissue diseases with dysfunctional immune system.
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583641
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Crusted scabies (CS) is an extremely contagious variant of classical scabies with substantial morbidity and mortality. It is the most prevalent in immunocompromised patients, those with some underlying diseases, and indi...Crusted scabies (CS) is an extremely contagious variant of classical scabies with substantial morbidity and mortality. It is the most prevalent in immunocompromised patients, those with some underlying diseases, and individuals with physical and mental disabilities. Herein, we report a 70-year-old woman who presented with generalized erythema with itchy hyperkeratotic plaques and crusted lesions on her face, hands, between fingers, neck, scalp, abdomen, and legs up to the knees. She was diagnosed with CS and subsequently isolated and treated with ivermectin (200 μg/kg) and 5% permethrin cream. She died a short time after being admitted, and it was due to severe septic shock and cardiac arrest. Immediate isolation and treatment of CS patients is essential to prevent morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and precise medical management in both patients and healthcare settings is required.
Hashemian H, Baghersalimi A, Asgharzadeh M
… +1 more, Mahdipour M
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583640
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BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is an inherently dangerous and progressive disease that can be seen in many parts of the world, including Iran. Therefore, we decided to conduct this study on children with...BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is an inherently dangerous and progressive disease that can be seen in many parts of the world, including Iran. Therefore, we decided to conduct this study on children with Kala-azar in Rasht-Iran. METHODS: In this descriptive study, the hospital records of all children with Kala-azar disease admitted to 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Rasht-Iran from 2009 to 2021 were reviewed. Required information were collected from patients' records and descriptive statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 24 statistical software. RESULTS: A total of 22 children with visceral leishmaniasis were admitted to 17 Shahrivar Hospital during the study period. The average age of the children was 2.93 ± 3.32 years. Most of them (59.1%) were boys and lived in the foothills (59.1%). The most common season for children to get the disease was spring (45.5%), and the average duration of the disease until hospitalization was 16.5 ± 13.54 days. In this study, the most common clinical manifestations included fever (90.9%), splenomegaly (77.3%), hepatomegaly (50%), weakness and restlessness (27.3%), and vomiting (18.2%). The most common laboratory findings were anemia (90.9%), leukopenia (59.1%), increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (75%), and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) (75%). 72.7% of the children were treated with liposomal amphotericin and others with glucantime, which were all successful. CONCLUSION: The results of our studies were consistent with most studies in Iran and other countries. These findings can help in the diagnosis and management of children with Kalaazar and better control of the disease in the province.
Shahra M, Keshavarz H, Sahraeian MA
… +4 more, Shojaee S, Heidari A, Alimi R, Teimouri A
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583639
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BACKGROUND: Currently, there are conflicting reports on the associations between infection and multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. In the present study, a case-control study was carried out to assess associations between...BACKGROUND: Currently, there are conflicting reports on the associations between infection and multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. In the present study, a case-control study was carried out to assess associations between seropositivity to infection and MS. METHODS: This case-control study was carried out on 200 MS patients (cases) attended in Sina Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and 200 healthy subjects from the general population of the same city, March to July 2017. Blood samples were collected from individuals and were examined using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of IgG antibodies and the IgG-positive samples were further analyzed for specific anti- IgM. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of anti- IgG was 44.2% (177/400) in 121 (60.5%) sera of the 200 MS patients (cases) and 56 (28.0%) sera of the 200 controls (OR = 3.94; 95% CI: 2.59-5.99; < 0.001). Seroprevalence of infection in MS patients increased significantly with increasing of age ( < 0.001). In the control group, no statistically significant differences were seen between the seroprevalence of infection in various age groups ( = 0.858). Moreover, no statistically significant relationships were reported between the seropositivity to and the sex for the cases and controls (>0.05). Anti- IgM antibodies were not detected in anti- IgG positive patients. CONCLUSION: infection might be a probability risk factor for MS. However, further studies are necessary to describe clearly the roles of infection in MS.
Sheikhi S, Heidari A, Mohebali M
… +5 more, Keshavarz H, Heidari A, Sezavar M, Akhoundi B, Bairami A
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583638
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BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic infection in the Middle East, including Iran that is also spreading to new foci. We aimed to determine the leishmaniasis species causing CL in Alborz province. METHO...BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic infection in the Middle East, including Iran that is also spreading to new foci. We aimed to determine the leishmaniasis species causing CL in Alborz province. METHODS: Overall, out of 55-suspected CL patients referred to health centers in Alborz Province, north central Iran in 2019, 40 patients had positive smear for CL based on optical microscopy. The internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was amplified by PCR. species were identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using BshF I (Hae III) enzyme. RESULTS: Out of the 40 positive patients with CL, 34 cases (85%) had been caused by () and six (15%) by . Fifteen patients had no history of traveling to the disease endemic areas, of which nine were Iranians. Skin lesions and scars caused by CL were mostly observed on the hands and face. Moreover, more than two skin lesions were observed in 22 cases (55%), all of which were infected with . A single skin ulcer was seen in 18 (45%) of the CL patients. CONCLUSION: Climate change, reduced rainfall, and demographic changes such as migration into Alborz Province and the increasing marginalization of the population and their entry to settle in new areas might have caused natural transmission of both and in this province.
Şahin M, Cengiz ZT, Halidi AG
… +1 more, Aydemir S
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583637
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BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the frequency and subtype of in diabetic patients. METHODS: One hundred and fifty diabetic patients and 100 healthy people without any chronic disease were included in the study. Stool...BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the frequency and subtype of in diabetic patients. METHODS: One hundred and fifty diabetic patients and 100 healthy people without any chronic disease were included in the study. Stool samples were analyzed by native-Lugol, condensation, trichrome staining and PCR methods. RESULTS: İn 150 patients with diabetes; was detected in 38 (25.3%) by PCR, in 34 (22.7%) by native-Lugol and trichrome staining. In the control group, 14 (14%) out of 100 subjects were positive by PCR, and 10 (10%) were positive by native-Lugol and trichrome staining. In the statistical evaluation, a significant difference was found between gender (P=0.023), age (P=0.045; ≤35 and >35 comparison), duration of diabetes (P=0.04), the HbA1c value (P=0.023; <8 and ≥8 comparison), and positivity. ST1 was determined in 76.9% of patients with diabetes, and ST2 was determined in 23.07%. Considering the 3 methods, positivity was detected in 40 patients (26.7%) in diabetic group and in 14 participants (14%) in the control group (P=0.011). CONCLUSION: is a factor to be considered in patients with diabetes. Herein, the most common subtype detected in the patients with diabetes mellitus was ST1, but this result was not considered sufficient to reveal the importance of the subtype factor in the pathogenicity of in patients with diabetes. In this context, there is a need for more comprehensive studies in both diabetic and other immunocompromised patient groups.
Aryaeipour M, Fard RMN, Rad MBM
… +6 more, Pirestani M, Rouhani S, Daryani A, Asadi T, Sarvi S, Rokni MB
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583635
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BACKGROUND: Identification of the larval stages of spp. in freshwater snails is an essential guide to continue monitoring the possibility of their transmission and the potential of echinostomiasis in areas where tremato...BACKGROUND: Identification of the larval stages of spp. in freshwater snails is an essential guide to continue monitoring the possibility of their transmission and the potential of echinostomiasis in areas where trematodes are the primary agent of parasitic diseases. The aim of this study was investigate using morphological and molecular techniques. METHODS: The study was conducted in Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces, northern Iran, from April 2019 to October 2021. Overall, 5300 freshwater snails were randomly collected and were identified using external shell morphology. Meanwhile, snails infected with trematodes were studied via shedding and dissecting methods. Larvae stages of were identified and the genomic DNA of the samples was extracted. The PCR amplification of the ITSI gene was carried out for 17 isolates and products were sequenced. Seven sequences were deposited in GenBank. RESULTS: Totally, 3.5% of snails containing three species ( sp., sp. and sp.) were infected with two types of cercaria with 37 and sp. with 45 spines in the collar. Moreover, 35% of the snails were infected with spp. metacercaria. Phylogenetic analysis illustrated that isolates were included in two ITSI haplogroups. CONCLUSION: Results showed the potential hazard of a zoonotic parasite as in northern Iran. The potential of disease environmental relationship investigation and resource control optimization is necessary for effective disease prevention and health management.
Iran J Parasitol
· 2023 · PMID 37583634
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BACKGROUND: , a worldwide zoonotic trematode, is a common parasite of ruminant animals, but humans can be the definitive host by chance. We analyzed the world situation of the parasite from the perspective of the One Hea...BACKGROUND: , a worldwide zoonotic trematode, is a common parasite of ruminant animals, but humans can be the definitive host by chance. We analyzed the world situation of the parasite from the perspective of the One Health concept by analyzing the research literature published from 1931 to 2022. METHODS: Published documents related to . were searched from the Scopus database. Focusing on a visual analysis of the main research documents on . , Dimensions free web app was used to conduct co-occurrence analysis with keywords, countries, institutions, and authors. Moreover, key clustering research, affiliaitons, journals, countries, and authors were determined. RESULTS: The Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) was the most publishing affiliation on . with 19 articles. While the Veterinary Parasitology Journal was the mostly publishing journal on . with 38 articles, the most productive country was Iran. The authors Giuseppe Cringoli and Laura Rinaldi from Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy were the mostly publishing authors. CONCLUSION: This bibliometric analysis provides an overall description of the current state of . research and the initial exploration of future research directions. Our analysis provides guidance for the development of research on . .