Complementary Therapies In Medicine[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Effects of Fitness Qigong on muscle function in elderly patients with sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Liu C, Zou J, Zhang C … +2 more , Zhu L, Li J
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177370 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, significantly impairs quality of life in the elderly. This study systematically evaluated the effects of Fitness Q...
OBJECTIVE: Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, significantly impairs quality of life in the elderly. This study systematically evaluated the effects of Fitness Qigong (including Baduanjin, Wu Qin Xi, and Yi Jin Jing) on muscle function in elderly patients with sarcopenia. METHODS: We searched eight electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, CINAHL) from inception to January 22, 2024, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.4 to assess grip strength, sit-to-stand time, gait speed, Timed Up-and-Go Test (TUGT) time, and peak muscle torque. RESULTS: Seventeen RCTs involving 1029 patients were included. Fitness Qigong significantly improved grip strength (MD = 2.39, 95 % CI [1.42, 3.36], P < 0.05). After sensitivity analyses to address heterogeneity, Fitness Qigong also significantly improved sit-to-stand time (MD = 2.27, 95 % CI [1.74, 2.80], P < 0.001) and gait speed (MD = 0.04, 95 % CI [0.01, 0.08], P = 0.02). Additionally, it reduced TUGT time (MD = -3.20, 95 % CI [-4.35, -2.04], P < 0.05) and increased peak muscle torque (MD = 11.19, 95 % CI [2.70, 19.68], P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Fitness Qigong is an effective, safe, low-intensity, and cost-effective exercise for improving muscle function in elderly patients with sarcopenia. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/， identifier registration number. CRD42024592804.
Effects of lumbar spinal manipulation on pain and quadriceps strength in patellofemoral pain syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.
Won J, Lee Y
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177369 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition associated with anterior knee pain and functional limitations. Conventional conservative approaches such as exercise and taping oft...
BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition associated with anterior knee pain and functional limitations. Conventional conservative approaches such as exercise and taping often provide inconsistent relief. Spinal manipulation, a manual therapy technique frequently used in complementary medicine, has demonstrated neurophysiological effects on pain modulation and motor control, but its application in PFPS remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of lumbar spinal manipulation on pain and quadriceps strength in individuals with PFPS. METHODS: Thirty participants with clinically diagnosed PFPS were randomly allocated to a lumbar spinal manipulation group (n = 15) or a placebo group (n = 15). Interventions were administered twice weekly for four weeks. Outcome measures included pressure pain threshold, knee joint position sense, dynamic balance (Y-balance test), and quadriceps strength, assessed pre- and post-intervention. Paired and independent t-tests were used for within- and between-group comparisons (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Significant within-group improvements were observed in all outcomes except proprioception at 60° in the manipulation group, and in all but proprioception in the placebo group (p < 0.05). Compared to placebo, lumbar spinal manipulation resulted in significantly greater improvements in pain reduction and quadriceps muscle strength (p < 0.05). No significant between-group differences were noted in proprioception or dynamic balance. CONCLUSION: Lumbar spinal manipulation appears to be an effective intervention for alleviating pain and enhancing quadriceps strength in patients with PFPS. Although its impact on proprioception and balance was limited, the findings support its clinical relevance in integrative management strategies for PFPS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Korea Clinical Trial Registry (KCT0010483).
Short- and long-term effects of inhaled lavender essential oil on anxiety, fatigue, blood pressure, and sleep quality in middle-aged adults with hypertension: A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study.
Wang YR, Ho YC, Yeh YC
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177368 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Hypertension commonly manifests with anxiety, fatigue, and sleep disturbances that negatively impact quality of life. Lavender essential oil is widely used in complementary therapies for its anxiolytic, hypot...
BACKGROUND: Hypertension commonly manifests with anxiety, fatigue, and sleep disturbances that negatively impact quality of life. Lavender essential oil is widely used in complementary therapies for its anxiolytic, hypotensive, and sedative properties. This study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term effects of inhaled lavender essential oil, delivered via a magnetic face mask clip, on psychological and physiological outcomes in middle-aged adults with hypertension. METHODS: Fifty-eight hypertensive adults aged 40-60 years were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (lavender essential oil, n = 30) or a placebo group (sweet almond oil, n = 28). Assessments were conducted at baseline, immediately after a single 15-minute inhalation session, and following daily 15-minute sessions over seven consecutive days. Outcome measures included the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire (CFQ), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale (VHS). RESULTS: At baseline, both groups were demographically comparable. Immediately post-intervention, the aroma group showed significantly greater reductions in anxiety (STAI: -15.7 vs. -0.9, p < .001) and SBP (p = .025). After seven days, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements across all measures: STAI (-15.6 vs. -0.6, p < .001), fatigue (CFQ: -4.8 vs. -0.9, p = .011), SBP (p = .002) and DBP (p = .033), and sleep quality (VHS: +165.0 vs. +4.7, p < .001). CONCLUSION: Inhalation of lavender essential oil via a mask clip may serve as an effective complementary approach for improving emotional and physiological outcomes in hypertensive adults.
Clinical efficacy of chinese manual therapy for lumbar disc herniation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chen DT, Zhu HX, Wan ZJ … +4 more , Fan TY, Gu JL, Zhan XH, Sheng XP
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177367 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate and meta-analyze the clinical efficacy of manual therapy for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), with emphasis on its effects on pain relief, functional recovery, and inflammatory modulati...
OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate and meta-analyze the clinical efficacy of manual therapy for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), with emphasis on its effects on pain relief, functional recovery, and inflammatory modulation. METHODS: A comprehensive search of both Chinese and international databases was performed to identify 47 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of manual therapy for LDH. Meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 18.0. Primary outcomes included clinical effectiveness, pain scores, functional measures assessed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Sensitivity analyses, publication bias assessment, and GRADE evidence grading were also performed. RESULTS: A total of 4480 patients were included. Manual therapy was associated with superior clinical effectiveness (RR = 1.20, 95 % CI: 1.15-1.25), significant reductions in pain scores (SMD = 1.23, 95 % CI: 0.98-1.49), and improved functional outcomes (JOA SMD = 1.42, 95 % CI: 1.07-1.77; mean ODI reduction: 14.47 points). Limited evidence also suggested reductions in inflammatory markers, including TNF-α (SMD = 2.25), IL-1β (SMD = 1.45), and IL-6 (SMD = 0.66). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness of the pooled results, while publication bias was minimal. According to GRADE, the certainty of evidence was moderate for pain relief and clinical effectiveness and low for other outcomes. CONCLUSION: Manual therapy demonstrates consistent short-term benefits for patients with LDH across multiple domains, including pain, function, and inflammation. However, since most included trials were conducted in China and were of low-to-moderate methodological quality, the certainty of evidence should be considered moderate to low, and findings should be interpreted with caution. Further high-quality, multi-center international RCTs are warranted to strengthen the evidence base.
The effect of tDCS on postoperative opioid consumption and pain after general anesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Shen QS, Wang Q, Kan HM … +3 more , Shi XL, Li NF, Zhang X
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177366 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), as a supplementary plan during the perioperative period, is currently a novel exploration of using neuromodulation techniques to improve postoperative symptoms....
BACKGROUND: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), as a supplementary plan during the perioperative period, is currently a novel exploration of using neuromodulation techniques to improve postoperative symptoms. METHODS: We searched Embase, PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases on February 17, 2025. The primary outcomes included postoperative opioid drug consumption and pain score. The secondary outcomes included fatigue, anxiety, depression, quality of recovery, sleep quality, and adverse events. The study was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 software. RESULTS: We ultimately included 13 trials, including 827 participants (442 in the real tDCS group and 385 in the sham group). Within these trials, two had some concerns, and eleven were low-risk. In terms of primary outcomes, tDCS could significantly reduce postoperative opioid consumption (SMD = -0.52, 95 %CI = [-0.77, -0.27]; P ＜ 0.001), pain score (SMD = -0.48, 95 %CI = [-0.66, -0.29], P < 0.001). For secondary outcome, tDCS led to a significant decrease in the fatigue score (SMD = -4.35, 95 %CI = [-4.73, -3.98], P ＜ 0.001). However, there were no statistically differences in anxiety (SMD = -0.98, 95 % CI = [-2.16, 0.21], P = 0.110). tDCS could increase adverse event (RR = 3.88, 95 % CI = [1.64, 9.19], P = 0.002), but these events were mild and temporary. Due to the limited number of trials on postoperative recovery quality, depression, and sleep quality, we conducted only a review and did not include these outcomes in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: tDCS can reduce postoperative opioid consumption and effectively alleviate postoperative pain. Regarding secondary outcomes, although the results suggest it may reduce postoperative fatigue, this conclusion requires further validation due to the limited number of studies included.More studies are needed in the future to provide evidence on the effects of tDCS on fatigue, anxiety, depression, quality of recovery and sleep quality.
The impact of horticultural activities on negative psychological emotions among Chinese residents: A cross-sectional study of a national representative sample based on propensity score matching.
Zhang Y, Tan C, Liu D … +3 more , Yang S, Shi L, Zhao M
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177365 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: This study aims to analyze the prevalence characteristics of negative emotions among Chinese residents and explore the impact of participating in horticultural activities on negative emotions of Chinese res...
INTRODUCTION: This study aims to analyze the prevalence characteristics of negative emotions among Chinese residents and explore the impact of participating in horticultural activities on negative emotions of Chinese residents. METHODS: Data for this study were obtained from the 2022 China Residents' Psychological and Behavioral Investigation and Research Program. This study used propensity score matching (PSM) to balance the variables and employed both binary and multiple logistic regression analyses to investigate the effects of horticultural activity participation (including frequency and duration) on levels of depression, anxiety, and loneliness. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and loneliness among respondents was 56.5 %, 45.7 %, and 44.7 %, respectively. Female respondents exhibited significantly higher risks of depression (P < 0.01) and anxiety (P < 0.05) compared to males. Adults aged 18-45 years showed markedly increased vulnerability to depression and anxiety relative to other age groups. Retired and unemployed individuals reported substantially elevated levels of depression and anxiety compared to employed respondents. Rural residents demonstrated significantly higher risks of negative psychological emotions than urban residents (P < 0.01). Participation in horticultural activities was significantly associated with reduced levels of depression (P < 0.01) and anxiety (P < 0.05), with more frequent participation correlating with stronger protective effects. Regarding loneliness, significant associations were found with gender, age, occupation, education level, and involvement in horticultural activities, including frequency, duration, and acceptance of horticultural therapy (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of negative emotions among Chinese residents is relatively high, and horticultural activity participation was associated with reduced levels of negative psychological symptoms. Governments, social organizations, and other stakeholders should promote related activities with frequencies and durations that are scientifically grounded and tailored to individual needs. In addition, to comprehensively enhance people's mental health, attention must be given to the characteristics and needs of different groups.
The relationship between the treatment frequency and efficacy of acupuncture: A scoping review of clinical trials.
Li G, Hu X, Xing J … +5 more , Wang Y, Wang C, Yu W, Lian J, Cao H
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177364 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To consolidate and analyze the existing evidence on the relationship between acupuncture treatment frequency and its clinical efficacy, clarify research status, trends, and core issues, and provide evidence-ba...
OBJECTIVE: To consolidate and analyze the existing evidence on the relationship between acupuncture treatment frequency and its clinical efficacy, clarify research status, trends, and core issues, and provide evidence-based insights for optimizing acupuncture treatment protocols. METHODS: Following the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, nine databases were searched from inception to February 15, 2025. Associations among frequency, disease, and effectiveness were visualized using heat maps and bubble charts. Between-group differences (high-frequency: more than 3 sessions/week; low-frequency: no more than 3 sessions/week) and their influencing factors were summarized. RESULTS: Ninety-four studies were included. There was a significant disease-specific, nonlinear relationship between acupuncture frequency and efficacy. High-frequency acupuncture (> 3 sessions/week) demonstrated marked advantages in treating degenerative spinal/joint diseases, particularly during acute phases or for short-term symptom relief especially. In contrast, peripheral neuropathies showed lower sensitivity to frequency variations. Efficacy enhancement did not depend solely on increased frequency, however. Instead, we found a "J-shaped curve" and plateau effects. Significant interactions existed between frequency and other acupuncture parameters, with their importance varying by disease and treatment goals. The current literature evidence shows significant heterogeneity in its various definitions of treatment frequency, though there is an obvious a paucity of low-frequency studies. CONCLUSION: Optimizing acupuncture frequency requires dynamic adjustments based on disease type, pathological stage, primary treatment goals, and synergistic effects with other treatment parameters. Current evidence remains limited by methodological quality and parameter interaction complexity, precluding the definition of a universally "optimal frequency." Future research should prioritize sequential factorial trials, standardized frequency criteria, and enhanced health-economic evaluations to advance the precision of acupuncture therapy.
Efficacy and safety of buccal acupuncture for pain management: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Guo L, Jia T, Yang Y … +2 more , Feng H, Jiang P
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41177363 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of buccal acupuncture (BA) therapy for pain management through meta-analysis and systematic review. METHODS: A systematic search was conduc...
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of buccal acupuncture (BA) therapy for pain management through meta-analysis and systematic review. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted across eight databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, etc) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of BA in pain management. The search timeframe encompassed records form each database's inception through January 25, 2025. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was utilized to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15. RESULTS: A total of 40 RCTs involving 3009 patients were included. Compared with the control intervention, BA improved the total effective rate [RR= 1.19, 95 %CI(1.13, 1.24), p < 0.00001], reduced the incidence of adverse reactions [RR= 0.46, 95 %CI(0.37,0.57), p < 0.00001] and showed a better effect on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) [SMD= -1.51, 95 %CI(-1.98, -1.04), p < 0.00001] scores. The VAS was used to assess pain intensity, where higher values indicate greater pain severity. CONCLUSION: BA demonstrates certain advantages over conventional acupuncture and pharmacotherapy in pain management, with benefits including a lower incidence of adverse reactions and superior pain relief. It may serve as an adjunctive therapy to conventional analgesic treatments in clinical practice. However, further validation through higher-quality, large-sample clinical RCTs is required.
Brain-gut-microbiota axis: An effective target of abdominal acupuncture therapy for post-stroke functional constipation.
Li S, Wang S, Li S … +7 more , Liu C, Sun J, Cao J, Cui X, Han Q, Li Z, Wu F
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176186 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Functional constipation is one of the most common complications among stroke patients, significantly impacting their quality of life. This study examined the effects of abdominal acupuncture on constipation s...
BACKGROUND: Functional constipation is one of the most common complications among stroke patients, significantly impacting their quality of life. This study examined the effects of abdominal acupuncture on constipation symptoms, gut microbiota, and neurological function in post-stroke patients with functional constipation, based on the brain-gut-microbiota axis, to improve patient prognosis. METHOD: Seventy-five patients with post-stroke functional constipation were randomly assigned either to the abdominal acupuncture (AA) group or the routine treatment (RT) group. Both groups received standard medication and rehabilitation for stroke. While the routine therapy was administered to both groups of patients, the AA group patients underwent AA. Constipation symptom scores, fecal intestinal flora, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and Limits of Stability (LOS) were evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. Resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy was also assessed before and after treatment. RESULTS: When compared with pre-treatment, both groups displayed improvements in their constipation symptom scores, NIHSS, FMA, MBI, and LOS after treatment. Levels of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus in feces decreased, while the levels of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides increased. These improvements were significantly greater in the AA group than in the RT group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant difference was noted in cortical functional activity between the two groups after treatment. CONCLUSION: AA can effectively relieve functional constipation after stroke, regulate intestinal flora, enhance neurological function, and lower the disability rate. International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry (ITMCTR):http://itmctr.ccebtcm.org.cn/, ITMCTR2025001532.
Efficacy of acupuncture-based adjunctive therapies in alleviating spasticity and motor function in patients with post-stroke spasticity: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Wang X, Zhang K, Lin X … +7 more , Liu Z, Wang L, Zhang F, Xiao L, Gao Y, Wen Y, Dong B
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176185 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Post-stroke spasticity (PSS) is a prominent complication that severely hinders limb function recovery and diminishes quality of life in patients with stroke. Despite the widespread use of acupuncture-based ad...
BACKGROUND: Post-stroke spasticity (PSS) is a prominent complication that severely hinders limb function recovery and diminishes quality of life in patients with stroke. Despite the widespread use of acupuncture-based adjunctive therapies, their efficacy in reducing spasticity severity, improving limb motor function, and enhancing quality of life among stroke survivors remains contentious. Therefore, a comprehensive synthesis of current evidence through evidence-based medical methodologies is essential to elucidate their clinical value. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture-based adjunctive therapies in alleviating spasticity and improving motor function in individuals with PSS. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating acupuncture for PSS were retrieved from domestic and international databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and China Biomedical Literature) from inception to March 1, 2025. The risk of bias (ROB) in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane ROB tool. Using the frequency method, relative risk (RR) was used for binary outcomes and mean difference (MD) for continuous variables, each reported with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Meta-analysis was performed using Stata software (version 16.0). Probability rankings were estimated using the surface under the cumulative ranking area, and subgroup analyses were conducted to validate result consistency. RESULTS: A total of 66 RCTs involving 6180 patients evaluated 13 effective acupuncture-based interventions. Based on changes in the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), fire-needle acupuncture (FN) [MD = -1.34, 95 % CI (-2.17, -0.51)], meridian-sinew acupuncture (MSA) [MD = -1.19, 95 % CI (-1.84, -0.55)], and manual acupuncture (MA) combined with rehabilitation therapy (RT) [MD = -0.63, 95 % CI (-0.82, -0.43)] were identified as the most effective interventions for reducing spasticity. Notably, FN also demonstrated the greatest improvements on the Clinical Spasticity Index (CSI) [MD = -7.34, 95 % CI (-9.83, -4.85)] and total effectiveness rate [RR = 2.02, 95 % CI (1.45, 2.81)]. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scores indicated that electroacupuncture (EA) [MD = 32.92, 95 % CI (20.83, 45.02)] yielded optimum efficacy in sensory and motor function recovery after stroke, followed by warm needle moxibustion and FN. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed that FN and MSA were most effective for MAS when the needle retention time was ≤ 30 min and the treatment duration was ≤ 4 weeks. In contrast, EA achieved optimal outcomes on the FMA when administered at a frequency ≥ 5 times per week, with needle retention time ≤ 30 min and treatment duration ≤ 4 weeks. Meanwhile, the SUCRA ranking results of interventions in the whole limb subgroup were largely consistent with those derived from the overall analysis. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture-based adjunctive therapies demonstrate efficacy in PSS management. FN and MSA are relatively effective, while EA is most suitable for motor function recovery. Clinical decisions should be guided by individualized treatment strategies based on patient-specific presentations and needs.
The role of yoga as mind-body exercise in fibromyalgia management: A systematic review.
Durusoy E, Ünal E
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176184 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome linked to chronic pain and biopsychosocial problems, with management limited by unclear etiology and treatments. Yoga is a mind-body practice combining movement, breathing, meditati...
BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome linked to chronic pain and biopsychosocial problems, with management limited by unclear etiology and treatments. Yoga is a mind-body practice combining movement, breathing, meditation, and coping skills that may address treatment needs. However, evidence is limited. This study aims to evaluate the effect of yoga on fibromyalgia symptoms and assess the quality of existing studies. METHODS: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published since 2005 that examined yoga practice in adults with Fibromyalgia were searched in March 2025 in the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PEDro, and Cochrane Library databases. The PEDro scale was used to assess methodological quality. RESULTS: Three RCTs (reported in four publications) with 116 female participants (aged 18-60) were included. All studies reported significant improvements in Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ)/Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) scores in favor of yoga, with three also indicating reduced pain. Studies evaluating psychosocial parameters and FIQ/FIQR subgroup analyses have shown significant and clinically important improvements in fatigue, depression, anxiety, strength, and coping strategies. Follow-up data showed that gains were largely maintained, with positive changes observed in physical strength, perception of improvement, acceptance level, and coping strategies. Studies' quality score average was 6.5 (Good). CONCLUSION: Results suggest that yoga may improve FIQ/FIQR scores, pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety, muscle strength, and coping strategies. These results point to the possibility that yoga may be an effective complementary intervention option for alleviating fibromyalgia symptoms and improving psychological and physical well-being. High-quality research is required to strengthen generalisability.
Effects of qigong for physical and psychological well-being in pregnancy: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.
Dundar Ahi E, Kuculmez O, Ikbali Afsar S … +1 more , Eyup Dogan R
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176183 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Psychological stress and anxiety during pregnancy can adversely affect both maternal and fetal health. Qigong, a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise, is believed to promote physical and mental well-being d...
BACKGROUND: Psychological stress and anxiety during pregnancy can adversely affect both maternal and fetal health. Qigong, a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise, is believed to promote physical and mental well-being during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of qigong on anxiety, stress, and exercise self-efficacy in pregnant women. METHODS: This multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial included pregnant women in their second trimester attending prenatal education classes at Baskent University and Alaaddin Keykubat University. Women in the first or third trimester with uncontrolled systemic diseases, high-risk pregnancies, or irregular attendance were excluded. Participants were randomly assigned via Randomizer.org to either the Qigong group or the control group. The Qigong group performed Baduanjin qigong exercises for 30-45 min, three times a week, while the control group received standard prenatal counseling. Demographic data were recorded. All participants completed the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Scale (PrAS), Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS), and Pregnancy Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (P-ESES). RESULTS: A total of 102 pregnant women were analyzed (qigong group: 52; control group: 50). The mean age was 27.95 ± 3.66 years, and the mean gestational week was 26.94 ± 2.12. The qigong group showed significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Exercise self-efficacy scores increased significantly in the qigong group (p < 0.05). Pregnancy-related anxiety and stress scores, including all subscales, showed significant improvement in the qigong group (p < 0.05), with no significant changes in the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Baduanjin qigong was effective in reducing anxiety and stress levels and improving exercise self-efficacy in pregnant women. This non-pharmacological intervention may offer a safe, supportive approach to mental well-being during pregnancy.
Yoga-based breathing and relaxation as adjunctive therapy for chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial on clinical outcomes and autonomic regulation.
Sujan MU, Inbaraj G, Raghavendra RM … +9 more , Vadiraja HS, Madhu JV, Mulakur S, Kisan R, Adoor M, Raghuram MS, Nandakumar B, Nalini A, Sathyaprabha TN
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176182 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Chronic migraine is a disabling neurological condition often associated with autonomic dysregulation. Yoga-based interventions, particularly pranayama and relaxation, may provide non-pharmacological benefits;...
BACKGROUND: Chronic migraine is a disabling neurological condition often associated with autonomic dysregulation. Yoga-based interventions, particularly pranayama and relaxation, may provide non-pharmacological benefits; however, few studies have systematically evaluated their physiological and clinical impact. OBJECTIVE: To assess the adjunctive effects of a structured pranayama and relaxation (P + R) program on clinical outcomes and autonomic function in patients with chronic migraine receiving standard medical treatment. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 90 adults with chronic migraine were assigned to either a P + R intervention or a control group. The P + R group received daily guided sessions for 12 weeks alongside standard pharmacological care, while the control group continued standard care alone. The primary outcome was change in monthly headache frequency. Secondary outcomes included headache intensity (VAS), migraine-related disability (HIT-6), quality of life (SF-36), and autonomic function assessed through heart rate variability and standardized autonomic tests. Assessments were conducted at baseline and after 12 weeks. RESULTS: Both groups exhibited significant clinical improvement following the intervention period. However, the intervention group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in headache frequency (mean reduction - 7.1 vs - 4.6 days/month, p < 0.001), pain intensity (∆VAS - 6.8 vs - 3.2, p < 0.001), and disability scores (∆HIT-6 - 33.0 vs -21.6, p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Quality of life improvements were more pronounced in the intervention arm, especially in physical and vitality domains. Objective autonomic assessment revealed increased HRV indices (higher RMSSD, HF_nu; lower LF/HF ratio) and significant reductions in resting heart rate and blood pressure only in the intervention group, indicating enhanced parasympathetic tone. No adverse events were reported, and adherence rates were high. CONCLUSION: A 12-week pranayama and relaxation program, when added to standard migraine therapy, resulted in significant clinical and autonomic improvements. These findings support the integration of mind-body techniques as effective adjuncts in the multidisciplinary management of chronic migraine.
Classical beats and white noise: Unveiling the effect of different music characteristics on heart rate variability.
Pepplinkhuizen S, van Steijn NJ, Marsman EMJ … +11 more , Ten Berg S, de Haas LM, Kleer PS, Küçük IT, Lamerigts K, van Nieuwkerk AC, de Veld JA, Twisk JWR, Peltenburg PJ, van Trier TJ, Winter MM
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Mar · PMID 41176181 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: Low heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in various health conditions. Music can enhance HRV, but it remains unclear which music characteristics are most effective. This...
AIMS: Low heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in various health conditions. Music can enhance HRV, but it remains unclear which music characteristics are most effective. This study aimed to assess the impact of music genre, white noise, tempo, and personal music preferences on HRV. METHODS: In this single-blind, randomised, within-subject study, participants without atrial fibrillation or pacemaker dependency listened to three-minute fragments of white noise and four music genres (classical, rock, electronic and a personal music) in random order. Participants were randomised to a slow or fast tempo group. Heart beats were recorded using a smartwatch containing a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor; non-sinus beats were excluded using a custom algorithm. HRV was analysed using a general linear mixed model adjusted for heart rate, sex, age and tempo, with interaction analysis for tempo effects. RESULTS: A total of 242 participants were included. White noise was associated with the highest HRV across all tested metrics: standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), low-frequency power (LF), and high-frequency power (HF). Furthermore, HRV (RMSSD) was higher during classical music compared to electronic and personal music (P = 0.025 and P = 0.030). Interaction analysis showed the latter was due to differences only in slow music tempo. CONCLUSION: Slow, classical music enhances HRV more than electronic or personal music, suggesting its therapeutic potential. Remarkably, white noise showed the greatest increase in HRV compared to all music genres, possibly due to its consistent and monotonous sound characteristics inducing a relaxation response and increased parasympathetic activity.
Personalized music and hypnosis interventions in palliative and end-of-life care at home: A randomized controlled pilot study.
Bissonnette J, Côté A, Desameau PG … +6 more , Cossette M, Pinard AM, Arbour C, Fortin G, Ogez D, Rainville P
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176180 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of a personalized intervention integrating pre-recorded hypnosis and/or music in palliative and end-of-life care, and explore patient preferences and experiences. MET...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of a personalized intervention integrating pre-recorded hypnosis and/or music in palliative and end-of-life care, and explore patient preferences and experiences. METHODS: Forty patients receiving palliative and end-of-life care at home were recruited and randomly assigned to the experimental group or the control/delayed intervention group. Two intervention sessions were conducted within one week, featuring the following modalities tailored to patient preferences: pre-recorded music, hypnosis, or a combination of music and hypnosis. Participants provided self-ratings of their symptoms and distress at predetermined time points using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale and the Distress Thermometer. We used a mixed-effects model to address the quantitative objectives, and we conducted a content analysis to meet the qualitative objectives. RESULTS: The intervention program significantly reduced participants' distress, showing a medium effect size when comparing the intervention sessions to the control sessions. We also found a medium effect size for improved well-being between groups. Intervention modality did not appear to affect the responses. Participants reported calmness and well-being. The voluntary use of these interventions post-experiment emphasizes their relevance for palliative and end-of-life care. The qualitative findings were consistent with the quantitative results, and revealed additional potential uses and ways to improve the intervention. CONCLUSION: The personalized pre-recorded music and hypnosis interventions appear to be effective in reducing distress and show great potential for enhancing the overall well-being of individuals in palliative and end-of-life care. Further studies are needed to determine how these findings can be applied to a broader population.
Effects of Baduanjin on exercise tolerance, cardiac function, and quality of life in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wang W, Qi J, Wan J … +5 more , Lin Z, Yang P, Ge H, Chang P, Li T
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176179 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Heart failure (HF) remains a significant health burden around the world, and Baduanjin is an effective intervention for patients with HF. This study aimed to objectively evaluate the effects of Baduanjin on ex...
OBJECTIVE: Heart failure (HF) remains a significant health burden around the world, and Baduanjin is an effective intervention for patients with HF. This study aimed to objectively evaluate the effects of Baduanjin on exercise tolerance, cardiac function, and quality of life in patients with HF. METHOD: From the time the database was constructed to May 8, 2025, we searched eight databases and two registry systems. Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Baduanjin in treating HF were retrieved. The primary outcomes were the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Secondary outcomes were left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDD), left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVSD), N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP), BNP levels, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), Anaerobic threshold (AT), Metabolic equivalent of task (MET), peak oxygen consumption (VO peak), and Maximal oxygen consumption (VO max). Two researchers performed rigorous data extraction and quality assessment. The quality of the included RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool, version 2.0 (RoB 2), and statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17.0 software. RESULT: A total of 46 RCTs involving 3597 people were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that Baduanjin could improve the 6MWT [ MD= 50.71, 95 % CI (37.48, 63.94), P < 0.01], LVEF [ MD= 3.57, 95 % CI (2.70, 4.45), P < 0.01], LVDD [ MD = -2.33, 95 % CI (-2.82, -1.84), P < 0.01], LVSD [ MD = -1.83, 95 % CI (-2.31, -1.36), P < 0.01], NT-proBNP levels [ MD = -139.49, 95 % CI (-204.08, -74.89), P < 0.01], BNP levels [ MD = -77.68, 95 % CI (-110.80, -44.56), P < 0.01], MLHFQ [ MD = -8.15, 95 % CI (-12.31, -3.99), P < 0.01], MLHFQ-E [ MD = -3.23, 95 % CI (-3.71, -2.74), P < 0.01], MLHFQ-P [ MD = -3.23, 95 % CI (-4.17, -3.29), P < 0.01], MLHFQ-G [ MD = -3.56, 95 % CI (-4.76, -2.35), P < 0.01], AT [ MD= 1.65, 95 % CI (1.22, 2.09), P < 0.01], MET [ MD= 0.65, 95 % CI (0.12, 1.19), P ＜0.05], VO peak [ MD= 1.36, 95 % CI (0.40, 2.31), P ＜0.01], and VO max [ MD= 2.21, 95 % CI (1.05, 3.37), P < 0.01] when compared to control groups, and the subgroup analyses showed that the efficacy of 3 months of continuous intervention with Baduanjin was the best. CONCLUSION: Our study is the first comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate the treatment of HF with Baduanjin. The results suggest that Baduanjin improves exercise tolerance, cardiac function, and quality of life in patients with HF.
Binaural beats for perioperative anxiety and pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Xiong J, Jiang X, Cai B … +3 more , Zhao L, Zhang Q, Luo J
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176178 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Perioperative anxiety has a high prevalence, exacerbating hemodynamic fluctuations and postoperative pain. Compared with conventional music therapy, binaural beats (BB) audio distinctively modulates emotional...
BACKGROUND: Perioperative anxiety has a high prevalence, exacerbating hemodynamic fluctuations and postoperative pain. Compared with conventional music therapy, binaural beats (BB) audio distinctively modulates emotional pathways via cortical entrainment, potentially offering superior anxiolytic and analgesic efficacy in surgical settings. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of BB audio on perioperative anxiety, pain, and hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing surgical procedures. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from database inception to December 2024 were retrieved from MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science. Studies examining the effects of perioperative BB audio on anxiety, pain, and hemodynamic parameters in surgical patients were included. The primary outcome was anxiety levels (measured by standardized scales). Secondary outcomes included pain, changes in hemodynamic parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate), and incidence of adverse events (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, hearing impairment, etc.). RESULTS: Out of 318 studies initially identified, 15 studies were included. Compared to blank audio controls, BB significantly reduced perioperative anxiety (14 trials, n = 1047; SMD = - 1.38, 95 % CI: - 1.89 to - 0.87, P < 0.0001, I² = 91.6 %), postoperative pain (5 trials, n = 433; SMD = - 0.61, 95 % CI: - 1.03 to - 0.19, P = 0.0024, I² = 75.8 %), systolic blood pressure (6 trials, n = 436; MD = - 5.57 mmHg, 95 % CI: - 8.71 to - 2.44, P = 0.3041, I² = 17 %), and heart rate (MD = - 3.37 bpm, 95 % CI: - 5.45 to - 1.29, P = 0.3253, I² = 13.9 %), though effects on diastolic blood pressure were not significant (MD = - 2.33 mmHg, 95 % CI: -5.19 to 0.52, P = 0.0334, I² = 58.7 %). When compared to non-binaural beats (non-BB) audio, BB demonstrated superior reductions in anxiety (8 trials, n = 598; SMD = - 1.01, 95 % CI: - 1.99 to - 0.03, P < 0.0001; I² = 95.4 %) and postoperative pain (3 trials, n = 265; SMD = - 0.52, 95 % CI: - 0.77 to - 0.28, P = 0.9235, I² = 0 %). CONCLUSION: Perioperative BB audio significantly reduces anxiety, alleviates pain, and stabilizes key hemodynamic parameters (systolic blood pressure, heart rate), outperforming non-BB audio. BB audio represents a promising non-pharmacological intervention, though inter-trial heterogeneity was substantial. Protocol standardization requires further high-quality RCTs.
Effects of cultural-artistic rehabilitation activities on quality of life, anxiety and depression, and self-management level of maintenance hemodialysis: A propensity-score-matched study.
Feng J, Liu L, Chen X … +11 more , Guo B, Deng J, Zhou R, Chen Y, Lan L, Li H, Zhou Y, Wei M, Zhuo M, Zhang X, Sun L
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176177 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Traditional mind-body therapies like Baduanjin, exercise rehabilitation, and psychological support have demonstrated clinical benefits in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Although Baduanjin is widely...
BACKGROUND: Traditional mind-body therapies like Baduanjin, exercise rehabilitation, and psychological support have demonstrated clinical benefits in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Although Baduanjin is widely acknowledged for its rehabilitative effects in chronic disease care, its combination with artistic engagement in renal disease treatment remains underexplored. Our study investigates how integrating cultural and physical interventions-targeting physical, psychological, and social health-influences quality of life (QoL), anxiety, depression, and self-management skills in MHD patients. METHODS: We conducted a survey of 109 MHD patients at our hospital's hemodialysis center from February 2024 to March 2025. We administered several questionnaires, including the Renal Disease Quality of Life Short Form 1.3, the Self-Rating Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Chronic Disease Self-Management Questionnaire, and the Hemodialysis Patient Self-Management Scale. The cultural-artistic rehabilitation activities intervention consists of three components: The Artistic Expression Module (poetry/singing), the Modified Baduanjin-Dance Integration and the Group Narrative Therapy. These were delivered in weekly sequences of 60, 90 and 30 min. Propensity score matching, inverse probability weighting, and linear regression assessed the effects on QoL, psychological symptoms, and self-management. RESULTS: Following propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting adjustments, the intervention group displayed greater overall QoL scores, kidney-specific QoL improvements, and enhanced self-management abilities relative to controls (P < 0.05). A strong positive association emerged between participation in creative-physical interventions and gains in QoL, mood stabilization, and self-management proficiency. CONCLUSION: In MHD patients, integrated cultural-artistic rehabilitation activities enhance quality of life, self-management competence and psychological well-being. These results encourage greater patient engagement in cultural-artistic rehabilitation activities.
Effects of Health Qigong Walking Practice on anxiety and serum metabolites in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A randomized controlled trial.
Gan L, Tang Q, Zhang Z … +7 more , Camille CR, Sandoval AS, He X, Li L, Hu J, Wei Q, Wu Y
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176176 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Health Qigong Walking Practice in alleviating anxiety and improving metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to exp...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Health Qigong Walking Practice in alleviating anxiety and improving metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to explore the underlying mechanisms using serum metabolomics. METHODS: 60 patients with a diagnosis of T2DM with anxiety were randomly assigned to a health education group (HEG), an aerobic exercise group (AEG), and a Health Qigong Walking Practice group （HQWPG） (n = 20 per group) using a table of random numbers. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores and glucose-lipid metabolism markers-including fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (PBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-were assessed before and after a 12-week intervention. Untargeted serum metabolomics was conducted in the QTG to identify differential metabolites and metabolic pathways. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, both the HQWPG and AEG showed significant reductions in anxiety scores compared to the HEG (P < 0.05). However, the HQWPG demonstrated significantly greater improvements in glycemic control, particularly in PBG, compared to both control groups (P < 0.05). While conventional aerobic exercise showed limited effects on metabolic markers in this study, the holistic nature of Health Qigong Walking Practice, integrating movement, breathwork, and mindfulness, likely provided additional regulatory benefits. Metabolomics in the HQWPG revealed significant changes in metabolites, including glycyltyrosine, N-acetylmethionine, and glutamic acid, and pathway analysis highlighted alterations in histidine metabolism and nitrogen metabolism. CONCLUSION: Health Qigong Walking Practice significantly reduces anxiety and improves glucose-lipid metabolism in T2DM patients with anxiety. Its superiority over standard aerobic exercise in glycemic control may be mediated through the integrated regulation of movement, breath, and mind, which modulates key amino acid and nitrogen metabolism pathways. This mind-body intervention offers a promising adjunctive therapy for T2DM.
Effectiveness and safety of turmeric for the treatment of COVID-19: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Sawangjit R, Sadoyu S, Manosanthipaibul S … +7 more , Teerawattanapong N, Puttarak P, Wanaratna K, Charoensup R, Hiransai P, Meetam T, Chaiyakunapruk N
Complement Ther Med · 2025 Dec · PMID 41176175 · Publisher ↗
We conducted a comprehensive and updated systematic review and meta-analysis (SR-MA) to determine the effectiveness and safety of turmeric in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Multiple databases were sea...
We conducted a comprehensive and updated systematic review and meta-analysis (SR-MA) to determine the effectiveness and safety of turmeric in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Multiple databases were searched from inception to July 31, 2024, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing turmeric in mild to severe COVID-19. This SR-MA uniquely includes recent trials conducted alongside modern antiviral-based regimens and explores effect modifiers by disease severity, comorbidity, formulation, and treatment duration. Twenty-three RCTs with 1407 participants were included, making this the largest synthesis to date. Most studies (17/23, 73.9 %) enrolled hospitalized patients; over half involved mild to moderate cases. The most common intervention was nano-curcumin 160-240 mg/day (39 %), used as an adjunct to standard care. Nine studies were rated high risk of bias (ROB). Meta-analysis showed turmeric significantly reduced all-cause mortality (Relative risk (RR) = 0.39; 95 % confidence interval (95 %CI): 0.23-0.67; I² = 0 %; n = 8 RCTs; moderate certainty), suggesting a 61 % reduction in risk of death. It also reduced the need for intubation/mechanical ventilation (RR = 0.35; 95 %CI: 0.17-0.72) and clinical deterioration (RR=0.36; 95 %CI: 0.22-0.59), while improving overall symptom resolution (RR = 1.36; 95 %CI: 1.16-1.59). These results remained robust after excluding high ROB studies. Adverse events, mostly mild gastrointestinal symptoms, were comparable to placebo. In conclusion, turmeric, particularly bioavailability-enhanced nano-curcumin, provides meaningful clinical benefits and favorable safety profile as adjunctive therapy for COVID-19. Further large-scale, high-quality, multicenter RCTs are warranted to confirm its therapeutic potential, particularly in resource-limited settings.
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