Journal Of Parasitic Diseases[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Therapeutic challenges of schistosomiasis: mechanisms of action and current limitations.
Balahbib A, El Omari N, Lghazi H … +4 more , Hatoufi K, El Atki Y, Bouyahya A, Amarir F
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Sep · PMID 40901414 · Full text
Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by species, affects millions of people worldwide. This review explores the therapeutic challenges of schistosomiasis, focusing on the mechanisms of action of current treatment...
Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by species, affects millions of people worldwide. This review explores the therapeutic challenges of schistosomiasis, focusing on the mechanisms of action of current treatments and their limitations. Praziquantel, the standard therapy, induces lesions and muscle contractions in the parasites, thereby facilitating their clearance by the host immune system. However, the biological complexity of schistosomes and their ability to modulate the immune response present hurdles to sustained treatment efficacy. Challenges include the emergence of resistance, adverse side effects, and inconsistent cure rates. Additionally, the remarkable longevity of schistosomes-spanning years to decades-complicates the evaluation of treatment outcomes. Addressing these issues, requires ongoing surveillance, research into novel therapeutic agents, and an integrated approach that combines medical interventions with preventive measures. This paper underscores the importance of understanding schistosome biology and advocates for comprehensive strategies to improve the management and control of this debilitating parasitic infection.
Circulation aspects of phlebotomines (Diptera: ) and their potential implications in the transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis within Nova Vida settlement in the municipality of Ulianópolis, Pará State, Brazil.
Rodrigues AC, Ishikawa EAY, Dos Santos TV
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Sep · PMID 40901413 · Full text
UNLABELLED: The study aimed to identify phlebotomine species associated with American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) transmission in Ulianópolis, Brazil, examining their relationship with deforested areas. Using CDC light...
UNLABELLED: The study aimed to identify phlebotomine species associated with American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) transmission in Ulianópolis, Brazil, examining their relationship with deforested areas. Using CDC light traps, 1,676 phlebotomine were collected, with a composition of 43% males and 57% females, identifying thirteen species, with and as the most prevalent. Despite the limited clinical relevance of , its substantial prevalence raised concerns regarding potential transmission of spp. The abundance of was attributed to favourable climatic conditions in Ulianópolis. Phlebotomine distribution varied across collection points and environments, with Point C exhibiting the highest species diversity. Notably, species including the , , and were predominantly found in forested areas, necessitating further investigation into their role in ACL transmission dynamics. The absence of spp. DNA and mammalian blood meals in phlebotomine suggested potential factors affecting parasite survival, including gut enzymes and interactions within the microbiota. This study associated the heightened incidence of ACL in Ulianópolis to extensive deforestation, which has resulted in phlebotomine migration to residential areas a consequence of habitat degradation. This environmental degradation, associated with agribusiness expansion and housing development, underscores the urgency for continuous monitoring and expanded research on phlebotomine behaviour, infection mechanisms, and conservation efforts to mitigate ACL incidence in the region. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12639-025-01779-2.
Comparative evaluation of haemato-biochemical and oxidative stress markers in natural patent and latent infection of in horses.
Parashar R, Singla LD, Kaur P … +1 more , Sharma SK
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Sep · PMID 40901412 · Full text
Relative association of haemato-biochemical findings with oxidative stress markers was evaluated between natural patent and latent infection of in horses to divulge the role of these parameters in the pathogenesis of il...
Relative association of haemato-biochemical findings with oxidative stress markers was evaluated between natural patent and latent infection of in horses to divulge the role of these parameters in the pathogenesis of illness due to non-availablity in literature. Blood samples were collected from 429 equines of 16 districts of the Punjab and samples positive by conventional microscopy (patent Group I; oll = 13), by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (latent group II; = 38) and healthy control (group III, = 64) were compared for haematological-biochemical index and stress parameters. Significant anaemia in both group I and group II, and considerable neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia in group I in comparison to group II and group III was observed. Significant elevation in creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase and glucose while reduction in iron was noticed in both group I and group II. More level of lipid peroxides in patent group I followed by latent group II indicated more lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes and oxidative stress in declining order when compared with Group III. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GST) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) levels were lowered in Group I. An inverse association of RBC count with lipid peroxidation (PLO) and GSH and a direct relationship with catalase, SOD and FRAP was revealed. Findings indicated that oxidative damage plays an imperative function in pathogenesis of anaemia in horses due to infection and can be utilized as significant marker for latent and patent infection after well thought-out correlation with other haemato-biochemical findings.
Insight into poultry coccidiosis: a dual focus on anticoccidial drugs and herbal plants for pharmacological and prevention strategies.
Bharti P, Tanveer S, Wani ZA … +2 more , Rather SA, Parray ZA
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Sep · PMID 40901411 · Full text
Coccidiosis is an enteric protozoan parasitic disease that results in significant economic losses due to high mortality and morbidity, particularly in poultry farms run on a deep litter system, as well as the costs assoc...
Coccidiosis is an enteric protozoan parasitic disease that results in significant economic losses due to high mortality and morbidity, particularly in poultry farms run on a deep litter system, as well as the costs associated with its treatment and control. From time to time, several approaches have been adopted for its prevention and control, among which current approaches include the use of anticoccidial drugs, herbal plants, and vaccines. Anticoccidial drugs work well to stop coccidiosis, but their use is limited because some strains are becoming partially or completely resistant to them. As a result, new anticoccidial drugs are urgently needed that will take years to commercialize, and there is an increasing demand for drug-free poultry meat. Safe alternatives are herbal plants and their mixtures like Natustat, Cocciban, Herbacox, Coxynil, Peptasan, of which many have been evaluated. Moreover, various essential oils and oocyst-based vaccines are available to control the disease. A few vaccines have even been commercialized, like Immunocox, Paracox, Livacox, Coocivac, etc. As a result, the emphasis should now be on peptide, plant-based, and transgenic vaccines. This review provides a thorough examination of the anticoccidial activities exhibited by various interventions, including commercial drugs, herbal mixtures, probiotics, nanoparticles, essential oils, and vaccines, in the context of coccidiosis. Additionally, the review sheds light on the comparative effectiveness of these interventions as opposed to conventional drugs commonly employed to manage diseases in poultry.
Parasites of poultry in Nigeria from 1980 to 2022: a review.
Midala CA, Kyari F, Thekisoe O … +1 more , Onyiche TE
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Sep · PMID 40901410 · Full text
Poultry production is crucial for food and nutrition security level through the provision of eggs and meat and it also generates income. However, parasitic diseases are among the major constraints to the poultry industry...
Poultry production is crucial for food and nutrition security level through the provision of eggs and meat and it also generates income. However, parasitic diseases are among the major constraints to the poultry industry across the world as they can affect the health, welfare, and production performance. These parasitic diseases can be broadly classified as endo-, ecto- and haemoparasites and they occur as single infection or in combination and affect productivity of poultry in Nigeria. This review focuses on summarizing all the major classes of parasitic diseases of poultry in Nigeria from 1980 to 2022. We search two electronic databases (Google Scholar and AJOL) to retrieve relevant articles published from 1980 to 2022 across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria comprising both North and South. Our findings regarding endo-parasites, indicates that the major species of nematodes registered includes , , and species. As per cestodes, some of the documented species from published literature were species (specifically , and ) and . was the only documented trematodes infecting poultry in Nigeria. On the side of ecto-parasites, almost all the major groups which include ticks (, and ), mites ( and ), fleas () and lice (, , and ) have all been documented infesting poultry across the country. Lastly, protozoan parasites including haemoparasites ( spp., spp. and spp.) and coccidian ( spp. and spp.) were observed to infect poultry in Nigeria. In conclusion, this review has provided available information on the occurrence and distribution of the ecto-, endo- and haemoparasites in different types of poultry in Nigeria.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections for six years (2015-2020) in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq.
Flaih MH, Othman RA, Hameed AT … +1 more , Hussein KR
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Sep · PMID 40901409 · Full text
Intestinal parasitic infections are still considered to be a serious public health problem, which are caused by intestinal helminths and protozoa. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infec...
Intestinal parasitic infections are still considered to be a serious public health problem, which are caused by intestinal helminths and protozoa. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in Thi-Qar Province, south of Iraq during a 6-year period. Epidemiological data and medical information regarding intestinal parasitic infections were obtained from patient records at the Public Health Department of the Thi-Qar Health Office, after diagnosing their infection microscopically. This study started from the beginning of January 2015 until the end of December 2020. During the study period, 341,505 intestinal parasitic infections were classified. Total annual infections were successively recorded in the following proportions: 17.17, 12.47, 13.94, 21.56, 24.73 and 10.14. Of the 341,505 patients; 170,208 (49.84%) and 171,297 (50.16%) were males and females, respectively, without a significant difference. The top of total infection cases was shown in the age group of 5-14 years (35.13%), whereas the lowest proportion (4.12%) was recorded in the < 1-year age group. Although the intestinal parasitic infections recorded in the province's districts, Al-Shatra (24.64%) and Al-Nassriya (22.12%) showed the highest proportions. Total infections occurred in all months. Of the 341,505 intestinal parasitic infections, 292,897 (85.76%), 38,005 (11.13%), 10,505 (3.08%), 96 (0.03%), 1 (0.0003%) and 1 (0.0003%) were infected with enterobiasis, amoebiasis, giardiasis, hymenolepiasis, ascariasis and taeniasis, respectively. The intestinal parasitic infections are considered an uncontrolled health problem in Thi-Qar Province that increase in low-hygienic rural regions, and also in young ages. By tracking indicator of annual infections, we observed growing height with infection rates during the study years, especially enterobiasis and amoebiasis.
Abnormal forms of sp. (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) spores with caudal appendages in (Teleostei: Clupeiformes) from Marajó island, Brazil.
Sindeaux-Neto JL, Amador MF, Eduard J … +1 more , Velasco M
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458516 · Full text
is one of the most speciose genera of myxozoans, most species are found infecting freshwater fish. Although the absence of caudal appendages is one of the main taxonomic criteria to differentiate this genus from other sp...
is one of the most speciose genera of myxozoans, most species are found infecting freshwater fish. Although the absence of caudal appendages is one of the main taxonomic criteria to differentiate this genus from other species, in some cases anomalous forms of are observed, with the presence of caudal appendages. The Brazilian Amazon contains a diverse fish population, which includes a large number of species, some of which are pathogenic. (Valenciennes, 1847) is a species with huge migratory flows that contributes for the population's diet food. This study reports the observation of , including aberrant forms, on the gills of , a freshwater fish. Gill arch cysts with myxospores were found in 90% of the specimens analyzed, with 5% having elongated caudal appendages ranging in size from 4 to 16 µm. This is the first report of Abnormal forms in Clupeiformes, adding to our understanding of the genus phenotypic plasticity in South American fish.
Geospatial analysis of , vector of Bancroftian Filariasis in the Philippines.
Recopuerto-Medina LM, Atienza RRA, Flaminiano JMF … +5 more , Manuel MM, Perez GMT, Zeta CPM, Medina FKNR, Dagamac NHA
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458515 · Full text
Bancroftian filariasis, one of the Philippines' neglected tropical diseases, is a parasitic disease caused by and transmitted by , which thrive in the plantations abundant in certain Philippine regions. Eliminating thi...
Bancroftian filariasis, one of the Philippines' neglected tropical diseases, is a parasitic disease caused by and transmitted by , which thrive in the plantations abundant in certain Philippine regions. Eliminating this disease is far from being achieved, thus emphasizing the need for a better control or elimination program by constructing a contemporary predictive model of the mosquito, , and identifying key environmental variables that favor the mosquito species. Modeling of the distribution of lymphatic filariasis was divided into two phases: data collection of disease occurrences and environmental variables from 1985 to 2019 and model calibration and testing utilizing the MaxEnt algorithm. Model sensitivity was validated through the area under the curve (AUC) method. The model had a mean training AUC of 0.995 ± 0.001. The Jackknife test was performed to determine the effect of the assessed variables on the prevalence of the disease and revealed that isothermality has the highest gain when used in isolation. The total frequency of lymphatic filariasis was mapped using the QGIS software to exhibit the suitability of agricultural plantations as breeding grounds for populations.
An antecedental approach in prevalence analysis of CBD parasites from rural population of eastern part of Meghalaya, India.
Lyngdoh D, Purkayastha A, Thangkhiew RS … +3 more , Hek MD, Warjri CD, Zas P
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458514 · Full text
The invasion of endoparasites into the human organ system causes a significant number of health issues and other clinical problems. In developing countries like India, such health predicaments are a well-established fact...
The invasion of endoparasites into the human organ system causes a significant number of health issues and other clinical problems. In developing countries like India, such health predicaments are a well-established fact due to individuals' lifestyles as well as environmental factors to some extent. A very common case of parasitic infestation is seen with sp., which is often overlooked in rural areas. Therefore, this study primarily focuses on determining the parasitic roundworms extracted from the common bile duct (CBD) of patients who came forward after experiencing severe conditions. The general trend of children being more affected than adults was observed in the study, with a maximum of 20 worms extracted from a 4-year-old child. All the patients who reported the same symptoms were thoroughly diagnosed and observed to exhibit normal health conditions. The rate of infection was higher in the case of female patients, indicating that females are more susceptible to the effects. The results provide valuable information about CBD parasites from cases in rural parts of eastern Meghalaya.
Helminthic intestinal perforations in children: our experience.
Bhagwat AD, Patil R, Makan A … +2 more , Vaze D, Jadhav P
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458513 · Full text
Intestinal perforations by worms are rare. Ascariasis is the commonest helminthic infestation in the world. Ascariasis must be considered as a differential diagnosis in intestinal obstruction and perforation especially i...
Intestinal perforations by worms are rare. Ascariasis is the commonest helminthic infestation in the world. Ascariasis must be considered as a differential diagnosis in intestinal obstruction and perforation especially in endemic regions. The clinical presentation can vary from an asymptomatic patient to severe complicated disease. Symptoms depend on the intestinal worm load and intestinal obstruction is a common complication. Because of the rarity of helminthic intestinal perforations and more so given the large-scale migration from developing countries, we wish to emphasize the need to inculcate awareness among treating clinicians, even from the developed world, about this potentially dangerous yet treatable condition. Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to prevent significant mortality and morbidity from disease complications. Conservative treatment is advised for uncomplicated intestinal Ascariasis. Surgery is life saving in Ascaris complications. There is no effective vaccine available till date. Prevention is better than cure. We present a case series analysis of five children with worm infestation and intestinal perforation, and report clinical presentations, imaging modalities used, treatment and outcomes for each of the case.
Histopathological alterations and oxidative stress markers in (, 1758) infested with nematode parasite.
Gupta RK, Niranjan R, Baghel K … +1 more , Sikdar M
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458512 · Full text
Knowledge of the endemic parasite fauna in freshwater fish is of great importance. Parasites may work together to stress the health of their hosts. Therefore, the present study aimed to focus on the impact of nematode pa...
Knowledge of the endemic parasite fauna in freshwater fish is of great importance. Parasites may work together to stress the health of their hosts. Therefore, the present study aimed to focus on the impact of nematode parasitism on () fish health. The objectives of the present study are to evaluate injury to tissues and oxidative damage due to parasitic infestation, which are indications of disturbance of fish health. According to the results of histological examination, the gut, liver, and gills from , infested with nematode parasites were among the organs severely damaged. Due to tissue injury and oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased and disturbed the oxidant/antioxidant ratio. Enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly increased, but glutathione reductase (GR) and non-enzymatic antioxidant i.e., glutathione content (GSH) was significantly decreased. Thus, due to these histological alterations, antioxidant levels significantly affected the health of . Next, we also observed hematologically that, red blood cell (RBCs) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels and mineral content were decreased but white blood cells (WBCs) levels were increased. In liver, we have observed decreased protein, lipid as well as moisture, and ash content but there was an increase in the dry content and glucose levels. In serum biochemical parameters i.e., protein, albumin, globulin, and Albumin/Globulin (A/G) ratio was significantly decreased except glucose level (mg/dl). The increased glucose level may be due to the increase in the breakdown of liver glycogen or decreased synthesis of glycogen indicating the hyperglycemic condition in the infested fish. In conclusion, nematode species have a significant impact on the health status of the fish in culture practices.
Health status of rabbits infested with sarcoptic mange with different lesion scores.
Attia MM, Ibrahim AM, Sakr OG … +4 more , Salem HM, Barsoum SS, Kamel M, El Gameel SM
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458511 · Full text
This study aimed to evaluate the health status of rabbits with () lesions scores. From August 2022 to August 2023, 200 domestic rabbits were thoroughly inspected for the presence of mange in their bodies. Lesion scores...
This study aimed to evaluate the health status of rabbits with () lesions scores. From August 2022 to August 2023, 200 domestic rabbits were thoroughly inspected for the presence of mange in their bodies. Lesion scores were recorded; moreover, sera were collected for biochemical analysis, along with infested skin and spleen samples from the infested animals. The clinical skin lesions were present around the head, ears, neck, trunk, feet, and genitalia, which determined the lesion score. The skin lesion scores on the external ear margins, head, nose, and toes were indexed for 5 scores. Infested and un-infested control rabbits were divided into two groups of 10 each according to lesion score, and blood samples were collected from the ear vein for five milliliters of blood. Serum nitric oxide (NOx) and Major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) were evaluated. The affected rabbits suffered from malnutrition and emaciation. There were also indications of scratching, itching, fur loss, hyperemia, and thickening of the skin with crust formation. The mite specimens in our study were identified as based on the ITS2 gene sequence submitted to GenBank (Accession No. PQ130162). The results of the phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS2 were performed using MEGA 7 software. Serum nitric oxide was evaluated according to the lesion scores; a score of 0 was negative healthy, and then the serum nitric oxide levels were elevated in accordance with the increase in the severity of the diseases as indicated by the lesion scores. There were measurable quantities of major histocompatibility class (MHC)-I mRNA that was examined in each group lesion score, either in the skin or the spleen. The spleen expression profile was higher in all groups than in the skin. With increasing of the score lesion the transcript levels increase.
Evaluation of the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of selenium and vitamin E on the muscular phase of experimental infection in mice.
Mohamed AM, Hegab AM, Amer SII … +3 more , Zalat RS, Shoeib EY, Abdel-Shafi IR
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458510 · Full text
Trichinellosis is a foodborne parasitic infection, where the larvae invade, grow and dwell in muscle cells, transforming them into nurse cells for nutrient supply and protective shelter. The present study evaluated the...
Trichinellosis is a foodborne parasitic infection, where the larvae invade, grow and dwell in muscle cells, transforming them into nurse cells for nutrient supply and protective shelter. The present study evaluated the prophylactic and therapeutic impact of the antioxidants selenium (Se) and vitamin E (Vit E), alone and in combinations with albendazole (ALB), on muscular phase of experimental infection in mice. Forty-eight Swiss albino mice were divided into 3 main groups: control, prophylactic, and therapeutic groups, with further subgrouping according to the received treatment. Larval count, inflammation around the encapsulated larvae, and oxidative stress markers were assessed. All groups receiving treatment showed a significant reduction in larvae count/gm muscle compared to the infected control group. In the prophylactic group, combined VitE-Se achieved the highest reduction, 58.4% and 51% in the diaphragm and intercostals, respectively. Whereas in the therapeutic group combined VitE-Se-ALB showed the maximum reduction rates of 90.4% and 84.4% in the diaphragm and intercostals, respectively. Varying grades of cellular inflammatory infiltration were detected around the capsule in various groups, with marked reduction in degree of inflammation in all combination groups containing ALB. Oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels showed a significant decrease in treated muscle tissues, the lowermost level was detected in the VitE-Se-ALB combination group. In conclusion, combined Vit E-Se reduced muscle larval burden in the prophylactic group, potentiated the antiparasitic action of ALB in the therapeutic group, and demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Concurrent infection of and in a non-descriptive Indian dog: case study.
Sharma M, Kumar T, Kumar A … +4 more , Kumar S, Lata S, Sharma S, Jain VK
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458509 · Full text
The present case study reported a complicated co-infection with hemoprotozoan and haemorickettsiales in two months old non descriptive male dog, Haryana, India. The aim of present clinical study was early diagnosis makin...
The present case study reported a complicated co-infection with hemoprotozoan and haemorickettsiales in two months old non descriptive male dog, Haryana, India. The aim of present clinical study was early diagnosis making the prognosis safe. For confirmatory diagnosis, blood sample was collected for routine haemato-biochemical, blood smear examination and molecular diagnosis. Dog had history of vomition and anorexia for last one week. Clinical examination of animal revealed dullness, depression, pale conjunctival mucus membrane and decreased rectal temperature (96.2℉). Hematological investigation revealed severe anemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Biochemical examination revealed increased plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Microscopic examination of blood smear revealed oval to pyriform bodies in groups as in RBC's as well as outside the RBC's and morula of within the cytoplasm of monocyte. Blood sample was also processed for molecular diagnosis and confirmed positive for both the infections by PCR method. Hemato-biochemical alterations; microscopic examination and molecular diagnosis by PCR confirmed the coinfection of and in affected dog and proved the infection fatal and can make the prognosis grave. Treatment was given to animal but unfortunately animal was died on the same day. Hence, the present study concludes the confirmatory diagnosis of coinfection of and in dogs.
The patterns of diagnosis approaches, involved organs, and clinical symptoms and signs of hydatid cyst patients: a case series study from Northern Iran.
Mahdavi SA, Sulaimanabad SK, Babamahmoodi F … +1 more , Rezapour M
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458508 · Full text
Hydatid cyst is a disease caused by parasite and a common zoonotic infection between humans and animals, with increasing prevalence in Iran. Few studies have been conducted in Iran about its clinical epidemiology. This...
Hydatid cyst is a disease caused by parasite and a common zoonotic infection between humans and animals, with increasing prevalence in Iran. Few studies have been conducted in Iran about its clinical epidemiology. This study by Latent class analysis (LCA), examined the patterns of patients based on clinical symptoms and signs, organs involved, and diagnosis approaches and the chi-square test was used to examine the relationship of these patterns with some epidemiologic variables. In this case series study of surveillance system of hydatid cyst of Mazandaran province in north Iran, all patients who were confirmed to have hydatid cysts between 2012 and 2022 (118 patients) were evaluated Liver, lung and belly were the most involved organs and belly pain, liver enlargement and chest pain were also the most common symptoms of the disease. Based on clinical signs and symptoms, patients were classified into two classes: " non-specific symptoms& sings with 49.2%" and " specific symptoms & sings with 50.8%". Based on the involved organs, the patients were classified into 3 classes: "specific lung with 17.8%", "non-specific organs with 13.6%" and "specific liver with 68.6%". Based on diagnosis approaches, patients were classified into 3 classes, including "specifically CT-scan with 32.2%", " specifically MRI with 33.9%" and "specifically X-ray with 33.9%". More "specific symptoms & sings pattern" were seen in the "specifically liver class" (almost 60% of cases) and "non-specific organs class" (75% of cases). This study provides valuable insights into the clinical epidemiology of hydatid cyst.
Relationship between soil transmitted helminths, nutritional status and cognitive function among school children in Lusaka district, Zambia.
Jumbe D, Siwila J
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458507 · Full text
Soil Transmitted Helminths (STHs) are among the Neglected Tropical Diseases and are responsible for helminth infections worldwide, particularly in school aged children. This study was aimed at investigating the associati...
Soil Transmitted Helminths (STHs) are among the Neglected Tropical Diseases and are responsible for helminth infections worldwide, particularly in school aged children. This study was aimed at investigating the association of STHs with nutritional status and cognitive impairment among school children. A single stool sample was collected from each child from March to September 2022 from three public and one community schools in Lusaka District. The 209 total collected samples were processed using the Kato Katz method. Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to determine nutritional status. The working memory and processing speed were used to assess cognitive function. Of the 209 collected samples, 10 (4.8%; 95%CI: 2.3-8.6) were positive for STHs. and hookworm were common parasites identified; spp, and were also identified, all with light infections. The prevalence of STHs was significantly higher in males (9.7%; 7/72) compared to females (2.2%; 3/137) (p = 0.021). Younger children (8-12 years) had a higher prevalence (p = 0.022). Soil Transmitted Helminth infection had no influence on working memory and processing speed (p = 0.604) and on Mathematics and English scores attained by the children. Infection status was also not associated with nutritional status. STHs are prevalent in children. Further large-scale studies are required to establish whether infection status has significant influence on BMI and cognitive function.
Molecular studies reveal host plasticity and wide geographical distribution of Li et al. 2017 and Yuan et al. 2015.
Banerjee P, Basu S, Modak BK
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458506 · Full text
Myxozoans, the major microscopic metazoan parasites of fish, can cause great economic loss in the fishery industry. In the search for myxozoan diversity during 2016-2018 in the western part (Bankura and Purulia district)...
Myxozoans, the major microscopic metazoan parasites of fish, can cause great economic loss in the fishery industry. In the search for myxozoan diversity during 2016-2018 in the western part (Bankura and Purulia district) of West Bengal, freshwater fishes were examined. Plasmodia with numerous spores of parasites were found in gills. Light microscopic studies revealed spore morphometry. Molecular taxonomic studies were done with 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The primers were UEP-F, UEP-R, MX5 and MX3. Collected myxozoans have been identified as Li et al. 2017 (MK412936) and Yuan et al. 2015 (MK412938), after comparing with other closely related spores and sequenced data from GenBank. has been collected from the gills of at Purulia. The type specimen was reported from the gills of in China. was collected from the gills of from Bankura. The type specimen was reported from the gill filament of from China. The western part of West Bengal; i.e., Bankura and Purulia districts are very hot and dry (oriental realm), rather than Wuxi and Wuhan of China (Palearctic realm). Phylogenetic relationships conclude that two studied parasites Li et al. 2017 and Yuan et al. 2015 of Palearctic host fishes have also been recorded from different host fishes of the oriental realm. These interesting features of the studied species, host plasticity and wide geographical distribution, are reported here for the first time.
Correction to: Parasitological and molecular detection of in and in Khorasan Razavi province, Iran.
Razmi G, Yaghfoori S, Bakhshani A … +1 more , Barati A
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458505 · Full text
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01760-5.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01760-5.].
The cleaner fish can control the monogenean , an ectoparasite of Lebranche mullet and does not decrease the hematological response.
Martins ML, de Souza AP, Lessa JGM … +4 more , Brasil EM, Magnotti C, Tsuzuki MY, Dutra SAP
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458504 · Full text
This study aimed to evaluate the hematological parameters of mullet () naturally parasitized by after cohabitation with the barber neon goby () as a biological control (cleaner fish) of ectoparasites. A total of 108 mul...
This study aimed to evaluate the hematological parameters of mullet () naturally parasitized by after cohabitation with the barber neon goby () as a biological control (cleaner fish) of ectoparasites. A total of 108 mullets were distributed in 500 L tanks, with six mullets per tank, in triplicate, divided into six groups: naïve (without neon and non-parasitized), mullets parasitized with in cohabitation with one, two, three, and six neons, and the control (without neon and parasitized). Continuous aeration in a static system and a 12-h photoperiod for a period of 25 d was used. For hematological analyses, blood samples were collected from six fish per experimental unit. Blood was used to determine the hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, total erythrocyte count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total thrombocyte and white blood cell counts, as well as the differential leukocyte count. Erythrocyte and lymphocyte counts were higher in the only parasitized group without cleaner fish (control) compared to the groups that had 1, 2, 3 and 6 neon and parasitized with and the naïve group. In addition, the mullet circulating monocytes increased in the control groups and in the animals that were cohabiting with 6 neons compared to the naïve. The MCHC was reduced in the control group compared to naïve. Fish from treatments with 1, 2, and 3 neons showed similar hemogram values among themselves and to the naïve group, indicating lower stress in aquaculture systems with acting as a biological control.
A comprehensive review of cerebral malaria.
Beniwal P, Joshi J, Kaur S
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Jun · PMID 40458503 · Full text
malaria presents a substantial threat as an infectious disease causing the most severe neurological complication- Cerebral malaria (CM). CM is responsible for approximately 400,000 annual fatalities among African childre...
malaria presents a substantial threat as an infectious disease causing the most severe neurological complication- Cerebral malaria (CM). CM is responsible for approximately 400,000 annual fatalities among African children, constituting over 90% of the total deaths attributed to malaria. Remarkably, the mortality rate for children succumbing to severe malaria complicated by CM has remained relatively stable over the past decade, ranging between 0.15 and 0.25. The pathogenesis of CM is poorly understood, innumerable theories have explained the pathophysiological mechanisms but hitherto there are no firm conclusions about it. Insufficient access to human samples poses a significant obstacle to advancing research in Cerebral Malaria (CM). However, various post-mortem histopathological studies of human tissues and mice models of CM have revealed the parasite's adherence within the cerebral microvasculature. This adherence is thought to be crucial in the development of the condition, contributing to subsequent pathological alterations in the surrounding tissue and ultimately leading to neural dysfunction. It also leads to the breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier leading to haemorrhages. This clinical syndrome is primarily characterized by a significant impairment in consciousness or a state of coma. Patients who survive often experience prolonged neurological complications, such as hemiplegia, partial paralysis, seizure disorders, ataxia, changes in behaviour, and cognitive deficits. To date, several adjunctive treatment approaches have yielded limited success, and numerous attempts to develop effective neuroprotective adjunctive therapies have failed, emphasizing the pressing need for advancements in this area.
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