Journal Of Parasitic Diseases[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Assessing the public health and zoonotic impacts of assemblages in domestic animals of southwestern Iran.
Asghari A, Mohammadi MR, Motazedian MH … +3 more , Asgari Q, Shamsi L, Eghball M
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975619 · Full text
Domestic animals play a vital role in the spread and transmission of various zoonotic agents to humans. , an important enteric zoonotic parasite, is widespread globally. This research aimed to assess the presence and gen...
Domestic animals play a vital role in the spread and transmission of various zoonotic agents to humans. , an important enteric zoonotic parasite, is widespread globally. This research aimed to assess the presence and genetic diversity of assemblages in domestic animals in Shiraz, southern Iran. A total of 245 fresh fecal samples were collected from 87 dogs, 63 cats, and 95 cattle in Shiraz, the capital city of Fars province, between July 2021 and August 2022. None of the animals showed gastrointestinal signs such as diarrhea, and all fecal samples had normal consistency. Upon parasite observation using light microscopy, a DNA fragment of gene was amplified using nested-PCR. Using direct wet mount and Wheatley's trichrome staining examination, 9 out of 245 samples (3.7%; 1 from dogs and 8 from cattle) tested positive for . Molecular methods confirmed 1.1% (1/87) of dogs and 8.4% (8/95) of cattle to be positive. Giardiasis was not detected in cats. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that isolates infecting dogs and cattle in Shiraz belonged to three genotypes/assemblages: A, B (zoonotic), and E (non-zoonotic). In cattle, assemblage E (75%; 6/8), A (12.5%; 1/8), and B (12.5%; 1/8) were identified, while dogs were infected with assemblage A (100%; 1/1). In Shiraz, southwestern Iran, cattle and dogs could potentially transmit infections to humans.
In vitro molecular assessment of parasitic load on human ileocecal adenocarcinoma cell culture after targeting by tavaborole (AN2690).
Mahgoub AMA, Gameil MA, Abdelgawad M … +2 more , Wanas H, Hamed AMR
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975618 · Full text
Cryptosporidiosis remains a main source of life-threatening diarrhea in young children and immunocompromised patients. The current approved treatment; Nitazoxanide decreases the duration of diarrhea in immunocompetent ad...
Cryptosporidiosis remains a main source of life-threatening diarrhea in young children and immunocompromised patients. The current approved treatment; Nitazoxanide decreases the duration of diarrhea in immunocompetent adults but is not effective in immunocompromised patients. Benzoxaboroles are synthesized boron-heterocyclic compounds that have recently reported promising anti-protozoal action against several protozoa including , and species, by inhibiting essential microbial enzymes. Tavaborole has been a medically approved benzoxaborole that showed a promising anti-protozoal activity by inhibiting leucyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme. The present work was a trial to find the potential efficacy of Tavaborole (AN2690) as a promising drug against . The drug was compared to Nitazoxanide in an in vitro human ileocecal adenocarcinoma (HCT-8) culture model. Drug efficacy was evaluated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The molecular assessment revealed a statistically remarkable decrease in parasitic load under the effect of Tavaborole when compared to Nitazoxanide.
Histopathological evaluation of (Bancroft, 1893) in (Waterhouse, 1840).
Abalaka SE, Ejeh SA
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975617 · Full text
Hepatic capillariasis is a global neglected zoonotic disease with small rodents and lagomorphs as host animals although cases have occurred in over 140 mammals, including in humans to underscore its health implications t...
Hepatic capillariasis is a global neglected zoonotic disease with small rodents and lagomorphs as host animals although cases have occurred in over 140 mammals, including in humans to underscore its health implications to both animals and humans. A total of 20 free-living were sampled from the wild within the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, for the presence of and effects of between August 2023 - May 2024. The lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys of the sampled rats were promptly harvested, observed and recorded, and fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological evaluations after humane animal sacrifice according to standard procedures. There were no obvious gross lesions while cellular changes occurred only in the liver that were characterized by the presence of clusters of parasitic eggs with hepatic necrosis and inflammatory responses. The presence of the ellipsoidal-shaped and double layered straited shelled-eggs with operculum and the hepatic cellular changes led to a definitive diagnosis of with a 10% prevalence rate. The findings highlighted the health risk to the animal and the human consumers of infected. whose meat is considered a delicacy within the study area and other parts of the world. Outside the probable role of host animal's adaptation strategy being responsible for the non-typical granulomatous inflammation and hepatic septal fibrotic cellular changes, there is a need for more studies to further elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease condition in this particular animal species in the patho-epidemiology of hepatic capillariasis within the study area.
Distribution of urinary schistosomiasis and associated risk factors among school-age children in Kwara State, Nigeria.
Opeyemi OA, Simon-Oke IA, Olusi TA
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975616 · Full text
UNLABELLED: Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern in developing countries. This study assessed the current status of urinary schistosomiasis among school-age children in Kwara State, Nigeria. Of the 1,341 schoo...
UNLABELLED: Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern in developing countries. This study assessed the current status of urinary schistosomiasis among school-age children in Kwara State, Nigeria. Of the 1,341 school-age pupils investigated, 277 (20.7%) were infected, with 26.84% from Kwara South, 18.83% from Kwara Central, and 14.29% from Kwara North. The overall geometric mean intensity and mean population egg density varied significantly across the senatorial districts (9.37 ± 2.66 versus 14.95 ± 16.41 eggs per 10mL of urine). Males (22.3%) were more infected than females (19%), while children aged > 15 and ≤ 5 years had the highest prevalence and intensity, respectively (37.5%; 12.18 ± 2.74 eggs per 10mL of urine). A binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the source of drinking water, duration of community-stay, and non-awareness of infection were not significant predictors of infection. All forms of water contact activities were associated with increased and significant ( < 0.01) odds of predicting . infection, the most important being fishing [Odd Ratio (OR): 114.951, < 0.001]. Daily, weekly, and monthly water contact frequency was insignificant in predicting the odds of infection. However, no history of previous drug treatment was a significant risk factor (OR: 2.092; = 0.002). Urinary schistosomiasis is very much present among school-age children in Kwara State. Strengthening schistosomiasis surveillance systems to identify communities with no or long history of preventive chemotherapy and ensuring even distribution of these resources is critical to morbidity reduction and disease control. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12639-024-01745-4.
Zinc nanoparticles coated with peppermint () essential oil: a nanoformulated compound with anti-leishmanial activity.
Zangiyani MS, Livani F, Faridnia R … +1 more , Kalani H
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975615 · Full text
Currently, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) treatment is facing a problem due to the increase in drug resistance. Nanoparticles, due to their characteristics, are suitable candidates for disease treatment. The aim of this st...
Currently, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) treatment is facing a problem due to the increase in drug resistance. Nanoparticles, due to their characteristics, are suitable candidates for disease treatment. The aim of this study is the in vitro evaluation of zinc nanoparticles coated with peppermint () essential oil on . The effects of different concentrations of Zn- and meglumine antimoniate (MA; as a positive control) were studied on the promastigote and amastigote of , and their selectivity index (SI) was evaluated. The peaks at 2361.02 cm (C-N stretching), 1213.78 cm (CO-NH stretching), and 1110.83 cm (C=O stretching) were attributed to Zn-. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC) was 17.48 μg/mL for Zn- and 19.09 μg/mL for MA on promastigote ( = 0.47). It was 11.3 μg/mL for Zn- and 14.1 μg/mL for MA on amastigote ( = 0.79). Lower IC on amastigote for Zn- indicated better effectiveness on . compared to MA, but higher SI for MA (37.55) as compared to Zn- (18.9) ( = 0.0002), highlighting more safety for MA. Compared to MA, the anti-leishmanial effect of Zn- and its nontoxic effects on macrophages (SI > 10) show that Zn- can be a candidate for the treatment of CL and it should be further studied on animal models.
Morphological, ultrastructure and molecular characterization of (Acari: Hydrachnida: Unionicolidae) isolated from , West Bengal, India.
Bhowmik B, Dey B, Das S … +3 more , Barman GD, Chanda S, Mondal R
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975614 · Full text
spp. is a parasitic aquatic mite known to infect freshwater aquatic organisms, especially the marine and freshwater molluscs and few species of sponges. (Acari: Hydrachnida: Unionicolidae) generally infect the freshwate...
spp. is a parasitic aquatic mite known to infect freshwater aquatic organisms, especially the marine and freshwater molluscs and few species of sponges. (Acari: Hydrachnida: Unionicolidae) generally infect the freshwater bivalves of the Genus sp. They are usually facultative in nature and can be parasitic at any stage of their life cycle. They cause damage to the gills of the host which harms their normal respiration process. The present work portraits the morphological characters, ultrastructure and DNA barcoding of its mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI)(mtCOI), and its taxonomic position was justified by obtaining a phylogenetic tree. The description regarding its morphological characters, ultrastructure and molecular characterization has been presented here. This paper holds the report of a parasitic aquatic mite for the first time from a gastropod molluscan host (Lamarck, 1882), from Diamond Harbour, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India.
Intestinal parasites of domestic pigeons () in Egypt: update on the prevalence and species diversity.
Saleh S, Elseadawy R, Elmorsy MA … +3 more , Essam A, Abbas I, El-Alfy ES
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975613 · Full text
Domestic pigeons are a significant protein source in Egypt, and are also used for racing, ornamentation, and exhibition. They are susceptible to various intestinal parasites, resulting in economic losses from disease and...
Domestic pigeons are a significant protein source in Egypt, and are also used for racing, ornamentation, and exhibition. They are susceptible to various intestinal parasites, resulting in economic losses from disease and mortality, delayed growth, and reduced productivity. There is limited information available on intestinal parasitic infections in domestic pigeons in Egypt, and reports from some governorates, e.g., Dakahlia, are lacking. In the present study, intestines and faecal contents of 782 adult domestic pigeons () were examined. These pigeons were clinically ill, i.e., had signs of emaciation, ruffled feathers, and general weakness, and were collected, over one year, from veterinary clinics as well as local bird markets in two Egyptian Nile Delta governorates; Dakahlia ( = 348) and Gharbia ( = 434). Overall, 23.53% of the tested pigeons were infected. Pigeons in Gharbia (28.57%) had a higher statistically significant (-value < 0.001) prevalence than those in Dakahlia (17.24%). Four parasites were detected with statistically significant (-value < 0.001) prevalence variations. species was the most frequently detected ( = 136; 17.39%), and three species were identified; -like (types A and B), -like, and -like oocysts. The roundworm was detected in 85 (10.87%) pigeons, whereas the tapeworm was detected in 24 (3.07%) pigeons. Eggs of spp. were only detected in five pigeons (0.64%). Earlier reports on parasitic infections in pigeons from Egypt were reviewed. A brief taxonomic revision on oocysts of various species was provided. Oocysts of several species from pigeons display minimal differences, and have overlapping morphometrics, causing considerable confusion. Therefore, the classification of species of Columbiformes should be thoroughly revised using both morphological and molecular data. This study emphasizes the importance of addressing pigeon parasites from a veterinary perspective in terms of proper diagnosis and control by providing essential data on intestinal parasitic infections in pigeons in Egypt based on current and published data aiming for decreased economic losses.
First report of nematode parasite, (Camallanidae) (Fujita, 1927) in (Cyprinidae) (Hamilton 1822), from Jaldhaka river of North Bengal, West Bengal.
Roy C, Dey SR, Roy P … +2 more , Mondal R, Bhowmik B
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975612 · Full text
In the present study the parasitic nematode, (Camallanidae) was identified for the first time in a new host fish, (Cyprinidae), from the Jaldhaka river in North Bengal, the northern part of West Bengal, India, during t...
In the present study the parasitic nematode, (Camallanidae) was identified for the first time in a new host fish, (Cyprinidae), from the Jaldhaka river in North Bengal, the northern part of West Bengal, India, during the period from January 2023 to December 2023. The parasite infected the gastrointestinal region and was protruding from the anal opening, showing excessive mucus secretion in the anal region of its host. Sixty-six (58.41%) out of 113 medium-sized fish were infected. Marked variations in the prevalence, mean intensity, and relative abundance were observed in the summer. These variations might be due to the environmental conditions during different seasons and the presence of an intermediate host for this parasite. Worms were described morphologically and morphometrically by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Previously identified novel characters were confirmed and reassessed. More studies are required to determine the internal problems of the fish and the impact, establishment and spread of this parasite.
A report on outbreak of infestation in broodstock of Java rabbitfish, , ).
Vidya R, Raja RA, Avunje S … +7 more , Bhuvaneswari T, Kumar TS, Aravind R, Raymond JAJ, Vasagam KPK, Poornima M, Jithendran KP
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975611 · Full text
UNLABELLED: Fish trade and aquaculture activities are considered the major causes of fish and shellfish disease spread and transfer. An outbreak of infectious nature in captive stock of Java rabbitfish () in brackish wat...
UNLABELLED: Fish trade and aquaculture activities are considered the major causes of fish and shellfish disease spread and transfer. An outbreak of infectious nature in captive stock of Java rabbitfish () in brackish water tanks was investigated. Microscopic examination revealed different stages of the parasitic dinoflagellate m in the gill filaments of moribund fish. Histopathological studies confirmed severe infestation with gill erosion and lamellar fusion. The geographical lineage of the isolate was determined through partial sequencing of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene. BLAST analysis of the 18SrRNA gene sequence determined the 100% identity to and clustered with other isolates reported from Italy, Israel, the United States, Portugal, and Japan in the phylogenetic tree. The salinity requirement of the isolate was assessed by incubating tomont stages at salinities ranging from 0 to 30 ‰. Salinities below 5 ‰ were shown to inactivate and degrade 90% of the tomonts within 14 days of incubation, whereas salinities above 10 ‰ supported the parasite life cycle and its development. Further, the susceptibility of Asian seabass () to was elucidated in a challenge study. The current study demonstrated the potential threat of parasitic translocation with fish movement, the salinity regimes for their development, molecular detection including its impact on other cultivable fish species. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12639-024-01710-1.
Albendazole resistance evidence in in Iranian sheep by allele-specific PCR.
Mirzaei Y, Yakhchali M, Mardani K
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975610 · Full text
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) have a considerable impact on the livestock husbandry and health conditions in Iran as well as worldwide. The infected animals with GIN mostly need chemical therapy which leads to the dev...
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) have a considerable impact on the livestock husbandry and health conditions in Iran as well as worldwide. The infected animals with GIN mostly need chemical therapy which leads to the development of anthelmintic drug resistance. The main objective of the current study was to determine the frequency of β-tubulin isotype 1 gene polymorphism to albendazole (Alb) in isolated from sheep abomasum in Urmia city, Iran. A total number of 140 sheep abomasa were randomly collected and 57(40.7%) were infected with (157 adult per sheep). Alb resistance in determined using Allele-Specific PCR (ASP) technique. Molecularly, the frequency of resistant alleles to Alb in examined was 48.3%, i.e. 51.7% homozygous susceptible (SS), 6.9% homozygous resistant (rr) and 41.4% heterozygous susceptible (Sr). It was concluded that Alb-resistance alleles were increasingly widespread in examined , therefore prevention and control program should be lunched in the region.
Prevalence and histopathological analysis of hytadid cysts in sheep and cattle slaughtered in Batna, Northeast Algeria.
Baghezza S, Azizi A, Foughali AA … +3 more , Ghougal K, Mamache B, Bennoune O
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975609 · Full text
Hydatid disease caused by () represents a significant public health and economic problem. This zoonosis remains endemic in some regions of Algeria. The objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of hydat...
Hydatid disease caused by () represents a significant public health and economic problem. This zoonosis remains endemic in some regions of Algeria. The objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of hydatid cysts in cattle and sheep slaughtered at the slaughterhouse in Batna, Northeast Algeria, and characterize associated lesions through histopathology. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019, where 13,903 cattle and sheep passed through post-mortem examination of lungs and liver for cyst detection. Samples were collected for histological analysis. Prevalence was compared between species and affected organs, while risk factor determination was based on sex, age, and season. The prevalence of hydatid cysts was significantly higher in cattle (2.16 ± 0.5%) compared to sheep (0.54 ± 0.1%) ( < 0.001), suggesting a species-related susceptibility. In both species, cysts mainly affect the lungs. The prevalence varied significantly based on age, sex, and seasonal factors. The risk of hydatidosis significantly increases in females ( < 0.0001; OR = 151.47, 95% CI = 63.57-360.92) and adults ( < 0.0001; OR = 10.63, 95% CI = 4.65-24.30) ruminants, especially in summer ( < 0.046; OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.01-4.54). The histopathological examination revealed various cyst sizes with reactional layers related to host inflammation. Hydatid disease remains endemic in Batna. Comprehensive control through meat inspection, condemnation of infected organs, and dog deworming programs are needed to reduce the public health risks and economic impacts of this critical zoonosis. Improved surveillance allows informed intervention design and assessment of control measures.
Occurrence of nematodes, and in a wild male elephant: a case report.
Sundar STB, Ramanujadas T, Kumar KR … +4 more , Nishanth B, Arunkumar S, Sangaran A, Latha BR
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975608 · Full text
The occurrence of the nematodes, and in the intestinal tract of a six-year-old, free ranging male elephant () observed during necropsy is reported. The worms were collected in 10% formalin and processed. worms were st...
The occurrence of the nematodes, and in the intestinal tract of a six-year-old, free ranging male elephant () observed during necropsy is reported. The worms were collected in 10% formalin and processed. worms were stout, males were shorter than females. A total of 65 worms were recovered out of which 45 were male worms and 20 were female worms. They had a characteristic head with a cuticular prominence and a sub globular cup shaped buccal capsule without teeth. The external leaf crown was characteristic projecting above the anterior end of the worm. The oesophagus was enlarged immediately behind the buccal capsule, then cylindrical, and gradually enlarged. Male worms had a well-developed bursa at the posterior end with equal, alate and ornamentated spicules with elongated lateral bursal lobes. Female worms had a tapered tail with a conical prominence and a vulval opening at its summit. Uterus was filled with thin shelled eggs. male worms were shorter in length than female worms. A total of 150 worms were recovered out of which 110 were male worms and 40 were female worms. Cuticular striations were observed. Mouth collar and buccal capsule were present. The external leaf crown projected beyond the surface of the head. Male worms had a well-developed bursa and spicules. The dorsal ray of the bursa was comparatively short. The lateral and ventral rays were slender. Female worms had a pointed tail. The vulva was situated at a distance from the tip of the tail. Uterus was filled with oval thin shelled eggs. Pathological findings included pale mucous membrane, anaemia and haemorrhagic enteritis. The present observations on the occurrence of nematode infection with and will be important to map the status of nematodiasis in elephants in wild and to frame strategies for control of intestinal nematodiasis in wild elephants.
recovers disturbance of normal male fertilization in -infected mice.
Koriem KMM, El-Gohary TKA
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975607 · Full text
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease and it associated with erectile dysfunction and infertility while possesses anti-oxidant properties. This study evaluates to protect the male fertility, and to preserve sperm qual...
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease and it associated with erectile dysfunction and infertility while possesses anti-oxidant properties. This study evaluates to protect the male fertility, and to preserve sperm quality in ()-infected mice. A 36 male albino mice of six equal sets were used in the study each with 6 mice; Control, cupressuflavone (200 mg/kg), and () (80 mg/kg), infected mice, cupressuflavone (200 mg/kg) infected mice, and (80 mg/kg) infected mice for 4 weeks. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and Sex hormone binding globulin were determined. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, total protein, and cholesterol in testis were detected. Antioxidants and sodium/potassium-ATPase in the hypothalamus, testis, and sperm were identified. Sperm counts, motility, and abnormality, as well as, sperm monoclonal proliferating antibody Ki-67 were evaluated. The results revealed that decreased superoxide dismutase, glutathione, serum testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sperm count and motility, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity while increased malondialdehyde, serum follicle stimulating hormone, sex hormone binding globulin, and luteinizing hormone, glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, cholesterol, total protein, sperm abnormality, the percentage of spermatogonia, 1st spermatocyte, 2nd spermatocyte, and spermatid in the testis. Also, and cupressuflavone oral administration to -infected group back all of the aforementioned parameters to be close control values where had an efficient impact than cupressuflavone did. In conclusion, sustains testosterone cycle and sperm quality in -related testicular dysfunction.
Correction: Nematocidal activity of chitosan nanoparticles conjugated with albendazole against the enteral and parenteral phases of trichinosis in experimentally infected mice.
Mahgoub AA, Shoeb RA, Negm MS … +3 more , Ibrahim HM, El-Sayed SH, Khater MM
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975606 · Full text
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01648-4.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01648-4.].
Investigating therapeutic efficacy of silymarin on intestinal and muscular phases of trichinellosis: an experimental study.
Waly WR, Ismail MAGM, Ghieth MA … +6 more , Abdel Gawad SS, El-Wakil ES, Abd El Wahab WM, Ahmed MM, Mousa AMA, Ali MI
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975605 · Full text
Trichinellosis, one of the parasitic zoonoses, is treated with a benzimidazole derivative, primarily albendazole. However, this treatment has a lot of side effects and is not sufficiently effective in killing the encyste...
Trichinellosis, one of the parasitic zoonoses, is treated with a benzimidazole derivative, primarily albendazole. However, this treatment has a lot of side effects and is not sufficiently effective in killing the encysted larvae. Silymarin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, has been proven to have anti-parasitic activities and various medical uses. The current study aimed to evaluate silymarin efficacy against intestinal and muscular phases of murine trichinellosis compared to the standard drug; albendazole. Forty-eight mice were divided into four discrete groups: healthy model; diseased model; silymarin treatment; and albendazole treatment. The assessment of therapy efficacy was conducted parasitologically through counting the adult worms and muscle larvae, histopathologically through examination of the intestinal and muscular tissues, and, immunohistochemically through muscular expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor. Both silymarin and albendazole-treated groups demonstrated a statistically significant decrease ( < 0.001) in the mean count of adult and the encysted larvae when compared to the diseased model, with an improvement of intestinal and muscular inflammation, and degeneration of the encysted larvae in muscles. Also, vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in both silymarin, and albendazole-treated groups compared to the diseased model. Silymarin recorded antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic effects on experimental trichinellosis.
Meta-analysis of canine cryptosporidiosis in Africa and prevalence of clinical infection in Oyo, Ogun, and Kwara states, Nigeria.
Ayinmode AB, Obebe OO, Daodu OB … +1 more , Jolaosho AO
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975604 · Full text
infection is a significant parasitic disease affecting both humans and animals worldwide. However, there is limited data on its prevalence in canine populations across Africa. This study was carried out between December...
infection is a significant parasitic disease affecting both humans and animals worldwide. However, there is limited data on its prevalence in canine populations across Africa. This study was carried out between December 2021 and August 2022 to assess the burden of infection in dogs on the continent through a meta-analysis and a targeted survey of dogs presented at veterinary clinics in Nigeria. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using available studies on prevalence in dogs from African countries to determine the pooled prevalence. Additionally, a survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of oocysts in 309 dogs presented at veterinary clinics across several Nigerian states using microscopy and the presence of DNA was confirmed using the nested PCR methods. Data suitable for meta-analysis were found from only three African countries - Nigeria, Zambia, and Mozambique - highlighting a significant research gap across the continent. The pooled estimates of infection in Africa was 13.7% (95% CI: 7.7, 22.9), with country-specific rates of 22% in Nigeria, 5.9% in Zambia, and 6.4% in Mozambique. The survey conducted in Nigeria revealed a low prevalence of oocysts (6.7%) in dogs presented at clinics, while PCR confirmed the presence of DNA in positive samples. The findings highlight the significance of as a health concern in African canine populations, with prevalence rates comparable to global figures. The low prevalence observed in clinical settings indicates that routine screening should still be prioritized to ensure early detection and treatment, given the potential zoonotic risk posed by (the dominant species in dogs). Further research is needed to address the geographic and diagnostic gaps identified and to explore the clinical and public health implications of infection in dogs across Africa.
Insights into the prevalence and diagnosis of feline otoacariasis in Egypt.
El-Dakhly KM, Bakry MA, Abdel-Rahim MM … +2 more , Arafa WM, Mohamed HI
J Parasit Dis · 2025 Mar · PMID 39975603 · Full text
The ear mite, Hering, 1838 (Family: Psoroptidae) is the common cause of a worldwide parasitic infestation in cats, feline otoacariasis. The current study aimed to detect the occurrence of in owned cats of various breed...
The ear mite, Hering, 1838 (Family: Psoroptidae) is the common cause of a worldwide parasitic infestation in cats, feline otoacariasis. The current study aimed to detect the occurrence of in owned cats of various breeds in Cairo, Giza and Beni-Suef provinces, Egypt. Risk factors including age, sex, breed and seasons were considered. Questionnaire of cat owners was done. Mites were collected from cats and underwent laboratory investigations for further identification. Conventional PCR was done using specific primers targeting mtDNA CO1 and the revealed mite sequences genetically compared to those recorded in GenBank using phylogenetic analysis. The overall prevalence of mites was 25.47% (174/683). Clinically, various degrees of clinical signs were exhibited; mostly, brownish granular/waxy ear discharge, pruritis head rubbing, erythematous dermatitis and unilateral ear scratching. The recovered mites were microscopically identified. Adult males, females as well as developmental stages, including eggs, protonymphs and deuto-/tritonymphs, were recognized. Specific diagnostic PCR band revealed at 655 bp. Phylogenetically, the recovered mite species was closely related to similar species recorded in GenBank. The mite was predominant in the ear canal of infested cats. Among risk factors, it has been found that age, seasons and breed significantly influenced the prevalence of . On the other hand, no statistical significance relative to the sex was obtained. Based on the revealed criteria, it has been found that the recovered mite was . Further investigations are needed for control programming in terms of hygiene.
Correction: Antileishmanial effect of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin on in vitro and in vivo.
Ghayour AH, Delavari M, Arbabi M
J Parasit Dis · 2024 Dec · PMID 39493491 · Full text
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01654-6.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01654-6.].
Comparative evaluation of real-time polymerase chain reaction, conventional PCR and microscopy for detection of in bovines of Punjab (India).
Kaur P, Juyal PD, Sharma A … +3 more , Chachra D, Mukhopadhyay CS, Singla LD
J Parasit Dis · 2024 Dec · PMID 39493490 · Full text
is a major cause of bovine babesiosis, an economically devastating tick-borne disease that needs timely diagnosis for precise treatment. In present investigation, the detection efficacy of real-time PCR (qPCR) in compari...
is a major cause of bovine babesiosis, an economically devastating tick-borne disease that needs timely diagnosis for precise treatment. In present investigation, the detection efficacy of real-time PCR (qPCR) in comparison to conventional PCR and microscopy targeting 18 S ribosomal gene was evaluated on 95 bovines (70 cattle and 25 buffaloes) suspected for babesiosis. Real-time PCR was standardized with the 10-fold serial dilutions in duplication of the given positive control (2 × 10 copy number) ranging from 10 to 10 copy number/µL and mean Ct value of each dilution was taken to extrapolate the curve. The samples with Ct value 36.92 of 10 copy number/µL were considered as positive. Out of 95 samples, 5 (5.26%), 21 (22.10%) and 49 (51.58%) positive by microscopy, conventional PCR and real-time PCR were in corresponding range of > 10-10, 10-10, and 10-<10 copy number/µL, respectively. The concordance of real-time PCR with conventional PCR and microscopy was moderate (Kappa = 0.523) and slight (Kappa = 0.09), respectively. The cows were at four times risk than the buffaloes for infection (Odds ratio:3.85, CI:1.4255-10.4370). This pioneer report from Punjab state (India) of application of real-time PCR to detect in bovines was found to be more sensitive than conventional PCR and microscopy that needs further investigations on a greater number of random samples.
Hemoparasitism in grazing cattle and risk factors associated with husbandry management in an endemic area of Eastern Colombia.
Mor NH, Tavera JVM, Tobón JC … +5 more , Guzmán Barragán BL, López GB, Vargas Duarte JJ, Corredor DWS, Tafur-Gómez GA
J Parasit Dis · 2024 Dec · PMID 39493489 · Full text
Vector-borne pathogens induce hemoparasitism in cattle causing substantial economic losses in tropical and subtropical areas. Infectious cattle actively contribute to maintaining the transmission cycle, and the presence...
Vector-borne pathogens induce hemoparasitism in cattle causing substantial economic losses in tropical and subtropical areas. Infectious cattle actively contribute to maintaining the transmission cycle, and the presence of these animals must be associated with husbandry management and environmental changes. In the present study, we conducted a cross-sectional study sampling 1,000 bovines to identify infectious cattle diagnosed by a direct technique and employed a dichotomic questionnaire for association analyses, hierarchical clustering, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Overall prevalence with infectious cattle was 34.99%, where 97% of the farms had at least one infectious animal per genera, and the prevalence in properties ranged between 16.39 and 53.85%. Of these animals, 26.20% tested positive for , 8.40% for spp., and 1.30% for spp. The main co-infection showed 5% sp. spp., followed by 4% spp. - spp. These bovines showed association with the use of the Jersey breed (OR = 2.016 C.I:1.188-3.419), selling animals for replacement (OR = 1.417 CI:1.022-1.965), participation in livestock exhibitions (OR = 2.009 CI:1.262-3.199), premises with burials (OR = 2,064 CR: 1.414-3.011), use of palm kernel (OR = 1.935 C.I:1.198-3.124), and the use of ivermectin (OR = 1.548 CI: 1.085-2.210) as a susceptibility. The hierarchical clustering revealed clusters among properties with different hemoparasite prevalence, with notable co-infections observed. The subsequent PCA identified that significant risk factors contributed to hemoparasitism positivity. We conclude that infectious cattle in the endemic area showed an association with husbandry management that permits the success of vector and maintenance of the enzootic or epizootic cycle in the herds.
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