Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38775522
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This article examines discoveries, inventions, and innovations related to penicillin by sampling activities to solve technological problems which can be traced by the distribution of scientific articles, government repor...This article examines discoveries, inventions, and innovations related to penicillin by sampling activities to solve technological problems which can be traced by the distribution of scientific articles, government reports, innovations, and patents between 1929 and 1945, and proposes reflection on the importance of scientific progress for national security. The analysis highlights the technological trajectory and outcomes in the area of intellectual property, considering US policy implemented to catalyze innovation and provide institutional conditions to meet national defense needs as an important factor, although this did not necessarily imply a unique solution in other contexts.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38775521
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To study about and reflect on the disease is to highlight the ways of seeing and saying what can a body and its power to be affected before fingerprints or traces that degrade it. This article exposes epistemological res...To study about and reflect on the disease is to highlight the ways of seeing and saying what can a body and its power to be affected before fingerprints or traces that degrade it. This article exposes epistemological research on social representations brackets (where register know doctor) disease from the registry of Clinical Dermatology in the second half of the 19th century. This is resorted to an analysis of medical photographs preserved in archives of Colombia and Spain taking as discursive forms of seeing and saying the disease who have disfiguring effects in the body.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38775520
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This study within the field of environmental history explores the scenario amid which the Fundação Brasileira para a Conservação da Natureza (Brazilian Foundation for Nature Conservation) was founded between 1958 and 196...This study within the field of environmental history explores the scenario amid which the Fundação Brasileira para a Conservação da Natureza (Brazilian Foundation for Nature Conservation) was founded between 1958 and 1966; this important Brazilian non-governmental organization headquartered in Rio de Janeiro worked at the local, national, and international levels. Primary documentary sources were utilized, along with research of the related literature. The conclusions demonstrate the importance of non-governmental organizations predating this foundation, and the influence of conservationists on its establishment and current work.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38775519
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This study analyzes aspects of mental health in Brazil as an active political field involving a range of social segments and actors from opposing fields in a context of advancing neoliberalism and pandemic. The analysis...This study analyzes aspects of mental health in Brazil as an active political field involving a range of social segments and actors from opposing fields in a context of advancing neoliberalism and pandemic. The analysis begins in 2016, when fiscal austerity entered the national agenda, and proceeds through the pandemic until the present day, when both phenomena continue to prevail, even if the intensity of the pandemic is now reduced. In the ambit of mental health, the national policy based on the principles of the psychiatric reform has suffered severe setbacks. Nonetheless, despite state-sponsored efforts to discourage social control and public participation, important sectors of society are engaged in active resistance.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38629660
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This article analyses the advertising of patent medicine directed at mothers, which circulated in newspapers between 1903 and 1945. It demonstrates that these advertisings played an important role in shaping women as a c...This article analyses the advertising of patent medicine directed at mothers, which circulated in newspapers between 1903 and 1945. It demonstrates that these advertisings played an important role in shaping women as a consumer demographic, promoting a scientific approach to motherhood intertwined with health challenges. The methodology employed included the analysis of advertisements in the newspapers El Tiempo, La Prensa, Rigoletto, El Faro and Evolución. Additionally, it examines the historiography of the subject in Colombia and other latitudes. The conclusion of this study asserts that motherhood was a significant target for pharmaceutical industries, leading to a commercial concept of motherhood.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38629659
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This paper examines the development of the TECNO-ITINTEC museum, the first interactive science museum in Peru, which opened in 1979. The museum functioned under the Institute of Industrial Technology Research and Technic...This paper examines the development of the TECNO-ITINTEC museum, the first interactive science museum in Peru, which opened in 1979. The museum functioned under the Institute of Industrial Technology Research and Technical Standards (ITINTEC), a public institution established during the government of Velazco Alvarado. In 1975, Jorge Heraud became the president of ITINTEC's Board of Directors and proposed a science museum to inspire future generations of scientists. José Castro Mendívil joined as the exhibition's director and designer. Their motivation to open a museum coincided with the government's ideals for modernization and nationalization. This article analyzes various sources including newspapers, laws that regulated the institute, reports, and interviews with people involved in the museum to understand how science and politics intersected in TECNO-ITINTEC.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38629658
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This article analyzes the reactions of Catholics linked to lay associations in the city of Salvador, in the period of the Spanish flu (1918) and smallpox (1919). Newspapers were the main sources used to identify the fest...This article analyzes the reactions of Catholics linked to lay associations in the city of Salvador, in the period of the Spanish flu (1918) and smallpox (1919). Newspapers were the main sources used to identify the festivals and rites, both those practiced to ask for the intercession of the saints, and those that were suspended due to the need for social isolation. In spite of both diseases being transmissible and the short interval between the two epidemics, the analysis of the sources showed different reactions from the faithful regarding the measures of protection and the search for a cure.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38597566
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This article investigates the first generation (1973-1977) of researchers trained in the Graduate Program in Sociology at the Instituto Universitário de Pesquisas do Rio de Janeiro (IUPERJ). While IUPERJ is known as the...This article investigates the first generation (1973-1977) of researchers trained in the Graduate Program in Sociology at the Instituto Universitário de Pesquisas do Rio de Janeiro (IUPERJ). While IUPERJ is known as the birthplace of modern Brazilian political science, sociology there is less well known. Using documentary resources, interviews, and the secondary literature, we take a nuanced look at this generation, which has been described as both excessively heterogeneous and less original in comparison to political science at IUPERJ. For them, theoretical and methodological specialization was seen as central to a political sociology that sought responses to the demands of a society at the crossroads between modernization and redemocratization.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38597565
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Assistance to diabetics in Portugal was quintessentially linked to the 1926 foundation of the Association to Protect Poor Diabetics (Associação Protetora dos Diabéticos Pobres) which was decisive in structuring diabetolo...Assistance to diabetics in Portugal was quintessentially linked to the 1926 foundation of the Association to Protect Poor Diabetics (Associação Protetora dos Diabéticos Pobres) which was decisive in structuring diabetology in Portugal. This article shows how during the first half of the twentieth century, this association helped create a model of assistance for diabetics in this country based on the principles of modern diabetology. First, we examine its functional and clinical organization to comply with assistance policy during the New State period in Portugal. Next, we depict the organization of the assistance model, which included treatment and education of poor patients with diabetes.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38597564
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This article analyzes the tensions and disputes between the fields of gynecology and esthetic plastic surgery, the specialties which are authorized to perform aesthetic female genital surgeries in Brazil. Documentary mat...This article analyzes the tensions and disputes between the fields of gynecology and esthetic plastic surgery, the specialties which are authorized to perform aesthetic female genital surgeries in Brazil. Documentary materials are used, including scientific articles from the 1990s onward and institutional websites. While gynecologists have remained more cautious, recommending the surgery only for functional reasons, plastic surgeons have been more influential in publicizing these procedures and emphasizing the aesthetic dimension. Beyond professional disputes, we debate whether this phenomenon needs to be understood in light of the growing emphasis on self-improvement via biomedical resources and gender imperatives.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38597563
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This interview was conducted with Susana Maciel Wuillaume, a pediatrician with broad experience in education and in the management of the Fernandes Figueira Institute. Various topics in the institution's history and Wuil...This interview was conducted with Susana Maciel Wuillaume, a pediatrician with broad experience in education and in the management of the Fernandes Figueira Institute. Various topics in the institution's history and Wuillaume's individual trajectory were covered, such as the organization of the graduate course and the medical residency programs and the structure of the institution itself. This interview is part of a project to document and investigate the history of the Fernandes Figueira Institute, which celebrates its one hundredth anniversary in 2024.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38597562
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This material is the result of an interview with José Augusto Alves de Britto, a physician who served as director of the Fernandes Figueira Institute from 2001 to 2008. It covers different aspects of the history of the i...This material is the result of an interview with José Augusto Alves de Britto, a physician who served as director of the Fernandes Figueira Institute from 2001 to 2008. It covers different aspects of the history of the institution, such as research development, health care, and transformations in the daily routine there. It is part of a project to document and investigate the history of the Fernandes Figueira Institute, which celebrates its one hundredth anniversary in 2024.
Moreira MCN, Tanabe RF, Diuana MC
… +1 more, Paez AS
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38597561
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Memories of care involving sick children and their mothers at the Fernandes Figueira Institute (Instituto Fernandes Figueira) are retrieved. The analysis using a generational perspective reveals the institute as a space...Memories of care involving sick children and their mothers at the Fernandes Figueira Institute (Instituto Fernandes Figueira) are retrieved. The analysis using a generational perspective reveals the institute as a space of experiences and memories. Three sources of memories are analysed: (1) the research by Marismary Horsth De Seta with the generation that reached the institute in the 1940s; (2) the institute's 1973 activity report; (3) three interviews with workers admitted in the 1980s. It is concluded that care for children, and therefore interest in their mothers, is aligned with the global epidemiological transition, increasing the complexity of the profile of care given at the institute.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2024 · PMID 38597560
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This article discusses the relationship between the physician Antônio Fernandes Figueira and children's health during the time that studies in this area were being institutionalized in Brazil. Children's health resulted...This article discusses the relationship between the physician Antônio Fernandes Figueira and children's health during the time that studies in this area were being institutionalized in Brazil. Children's health resulted from the emergence of the concept of health in contrast with disease; here we focus on how children's health became established, in partnership with or opposition to pediatrics. We emphasize how the circulation of ideas on children's health reached Brazil, and how this physician dialogued with and reinterpreted European discussions. A central theme is children's nutrition. We focused on Livro das mães: consultas práticas de higiene infantil [The mothers' book: practical queries on children's health], published by Fernandes Figueira in 1910.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Nov · PMID 38126554
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This article describes the construction and development of tangible and intangible ties that link the São Daniel Profeta Church to its community in the territory of Manguinhos by tracing the history of the community's ph...This article describes the construction and development of tangible and intangible ties that link the São Daniel Profeta Church to its community in the territory of Manguinhos by tracing the history of the community's photo archive through a selection of photographs that were digitized as part of the heritage education project carried out by the São Daniel Profeta Church Preservation Committee between 2019 and 2021. These images improved understanding of the affective relationships which were established and the strategy by the Catholic Church and the government to insert themselves into favela communities during the second half of the twentieth century in the city of Rio de Janeiro.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Nov · PMID 38126553
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This article reflects on the justifications for the "Lugares de Memória: história e vida dos trabalhadores técnicos da Fiocruz" project, a heritage education initiative linking the architectural heritage of the Manguinho...This article reflects on the justifications for the "Lugares de Memória: história e vida dos trabalhadores técnicos da Fiocruz" project, a heritage education initiative linking the architectural heritage of the Manguinhos campus to the memory and many histories of the laboratory assistants who worked at the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (Fiocruz) during its first thirty years of existence. The objective was to establish a space for memory for the institution's technical staff by creating a dialog between the past and present in the history of Fiocruz and integrating virtual spaces and historical environments.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Nov · PMID 38126552
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Based on the concepts of culture, territory, integrated conservation, and sustainability, this article analyses the meaning of social participation in the recognition, appropriation, preservation, and enhancement of cult...Based on the concepts of culture, territory, integrated conservation, and sustainability, this article analyses the meaning of social participation in the recognition, appropriation, preservation, and enhancement of cultural heritage. The object of analysis is the Manguinhos Historical Architectural Site, at Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, and its Requalification Plan, which aims to transform it into a "park campus." A diagnostic study was conducted of social participation in this heritage, which found that greater participation should be encouraged if the complex is to be consolidated as science and health heritage and also appropriated by the territory as an asset of symbolic, cognitive, and identity values and a structuring element for sustainable development.
Cabinets of curiosities are the origin of modern museums. The utopia these Wunderkammer contain also includes aspirations for art and science to coexist. The Italian naturalist Domingos Vandelli was contracted as an inst...Cabinets of curiosities are the origin of modern museums. The utopia these Wunderkammer contain also includes aspirations for art and science to coexist. The Italian naturalist Domingos Vandelli was contracted as an instructor for the new course in natural philosophy at the University of Coimbra (1772), and brought objects from his own cabinet in Padua; he combined these with another collection mounted in Portugal (1764-1768), which did not yet conform to Linneus's naturalistic paradigm. Based on descriptions of these two collections, we defend the important initiative underway at the Cabinet of Curiosities at the University of Coimbra's Museum of Science, which was inaugurated in May 2022.
The article initially presents an increasingly significant move of discussions about the Anthropocene towards humanities and social sciences. Then, taking as a starting point the proposal that these fields could contribu...The article initially presents an increasingly significant move of discussions about the Anthropocene towards humanities and social sciences. Then, taking as a starting point the proposal that these fields could contribute to the understanding of the "consequential meta-level" of studies on the Anthropocene, it discusses how some works produced in humanities and social sciences have dealt with the relationship between causes, effects and consequences regarding the new planetary regime, with a special focus on the debate about the "technosphere." It concludes by indicating the potential of the "ontological turn" to expand the explanatory and communicative horizons of historiography.