This article analyzes the use of iconographic sources in the context of educational campaigns to combat Hansen's disease from a socio-historical perspective at four points in time: the 1950s, 1960s, 1980s, and 1990s. Fou...This article analyzes the use of iconographic sources in the context of educational campaigns to combat Hansen's disease from a socio-historical perspective at four points in time: the 1950s, 1960s, 1980s, and 1990s. Four posters are analyzed to identify the elements (textual, visual or graphic) used to develop discourse on this disease and those it affected and transformations and permanences in this discourse, as well as to verify how they became part of a narrative of institutional memory linked to public health in the state of São Paulo. These were produced by various public health institutions and are part of the Health Campaign Poster Collection held by the Emílio Ribas Public Health Museum.
This study utilized socio-historical methodology to investigate the relationship between cultural production and views on science and technology in the 1980s by analyzing a repertoire of songs released during this period...This study utilized socio-historical methodology to investigate the relationship between cultural production and views on science and technology in the 1980s by analyzing a repertoire of songs released during this period containing apocalyptic themes due to the context of the Cold War and environmental crises. This exploration is based on Koselleck's notions of the horizon of expectations and on Arantes' concept of decreasing expectations. The songs centered around nuclear power and the environment. We observed that these songs from the 1980s represent a shift in national expectations about the future, exhibiting fears related to nuclear and environmental disasters.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Oct · PMID 37971068
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This interview with Leo Salo aims to understand how methods to foster interaction in excluded territories were created through the active listening of the community in actions developed as part of the Passeio Brabo proje...This interview with Leo Salo aims to understand how methods to foster interaction in excluded territories were created through the active listening of the community in actions developed as part of the Passeio Brabo project, designed to highlight the work undertaken in Rio de Janeiro's Manguinhos community. With its clown parades, Experimentalismo Brabo endeavors to apprehend the realities of the community by listening to its demands inside its own territory, alleys, and favelas, reaching out to the homes and individuals in the community space to create environments for interaction, active listening, and collaboration.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Oct · PMID 37971067
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This article proposes a critical reading of the urbanistic and social historical context of the communities of Manguinhos, considering the field of urban health as a theoretical and methodological foundation based on the...This article proposes a critical reading of the urbanistic and social historical context of the communities of Manguinhos, considering the field of urban health as a theoretical and methodological foundation based on the paradigm of the social commitment to health and the right to the city. Our demarcation of this analysis to identify the critical processes in the social commitment to health considered the relevance of overcoming housing needs as an indispensable condition for the right to the city and to health. The fact that these processes persist, even after the vast investments made in Manguinhos, indicates the need to review related public policies and their effective implementation to improve conditions for this population.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Oct · PMID 37971066
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The two first decades of the twenty-first century were representative of the contemporary history of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz) and demonstrated its active role in the national health scenario. T...The two first decades of the twenty-first century were representative of the contemporary history of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz) and demonstrated its active role in the national health scenario. This article discusses the spatial transformations that took place in the territory occupied by the foundation from the year 2000 onward. The transformations in the use of this territory and it's institutional policy within the national context are described, along with the social demands that have impacted the institution, namely large-scale urban transformations and pandemics. This research uses the premises of the history of the present to investigate the changes that took place on the Manguinhos-Maré campus and in the discourse of the institutions involved in managing and planning these changes through analysis of institutional reports, digital mapping, and aerial images.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Oct · PMID 37971059
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This article takes a local history perspective to scrutinize how the memory of suffering that surrounded the Spanish flu epidemic of 1918 in Botucatu, São Paulo state, has been evoked, challenged, and transmuted over tim...This article takes a local history perspective to scrutinize how the memory of suffering that surrounded the Spanish flu epidemic of 1918 in Botucatu, São Paulo state, has been evoked, challenged, and transmuted over time, producing representations in strategies and practices, and understandings that end up constituting a meaning-making social reality. In this historiographic endeavor, historical vestiges were brought together from a variety of the city's archives between September and October 2021 in a bid to reveal the historical processes that were accreted and deposited in the social fabric and fibers, and which, under the processes of time, were changed and reworked, bringing forth the ineffable mark of Spanish flu.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Oct · PMID 37971058
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The interest of this article is to study how the covid-19 pandemic, by intensifying work routines, enhanced structural conflicts in the nursing sector of Argentina. For this purpose, we use a quantitative and qualitative...The interest of this article is to study how the covid-19 pandemic, by intensifying work routines, enhanced structural conflicts in the nursing sector of Argentina. For this purpose, we use a quantitative and qualitative methodological strategy that allows us to understand in depth the practices and representations of nurses during the pandemic by means of a self-administered survey and in-depth interviews. This proposal will have two axes. First, we will analyze the conflicts that occurred due to work overload and lack of supplies for protection against covid-19. Secondly, we will review the strategies of collective claims through unions and self-organized movements.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37878981
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This paper studies a shelter network for Jewish scientists displaced by nazism from the archive of Alexander Lipschütz, a physiologist who lived in Chile since 1926. From the context of the anti-Semitic persecution and t...This paper studies a shelter network for Jewish scientists displaced by nazism from the archive of Alexander Lipschütz, a physiologist who lived in Chile since 1926. From the context of the anti-Semitic persecution and the way in which it affected German science and their universities, we have analyzed letters sent to and from Lipschütz between 1935 and 1936, with special attention to people who contacted him to flee Germany and considered Latin America as a possibility to live. We suggest this was a network of personal agencies, charged with subjectivities and intimacy, which had to take into account local anti-Semitism and academic xenophobia.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37878980
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This paper addresses the professionalization of dentistry in Colombia during the first half of the twentieth century. To fully comprehend such a process, we must consider the tensions between the practice of non-certifie...This paper addresses the professionalization of dentistry in Colombia during the first half of the twentieth century. To fully comprehend such a process, we must consider the tensions between the practice of non-certified and certified dentistry. As an outcome of such tensions, dentists began to acquire professional autonomy. We analyze applications for license files to practice dentistry without a degree, some of which were of women. The findings show the informal transfer of knowledge outside formal apprenticeship and the unrestricted practice of dentistry by many non-professionals but "permitted" dentists who faced a centralized and powerful professional bureaucracy.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37878979
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This study investigates how soccer was part of the lives of bank workers in the city of São Paulo between 1929 and 1932, looking at who these workers were and the meaning they attributed to sports in the Banking Athletic...This study investigates how soccer was part of the lives of bank workers in the city of São Paulo between 1929 and 1932, looking at who these workers were and the meaning they attributed to sports in the Banking Athletic Sports League (Liga Bancária de Esportes Atléticos). Sources included reports, documents, and publications of the São Paulo State Bank Employees' Association. Reflections on "class" and "class culture," the concept of "experience," and the notion of "middle class" were all utilized in analyzing the sources, and revealed variations in representations of sports and soccer among these employees.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37878978
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This article discusses the origin of quijila/kijila in Central West African culture, more particularly in the cultural universe of the Imbangala (Jaga) and the Ambundu and Kimbundu populations who lived in the Portuguese...This article discusses the origin of quijila/kijila in Central West African culture, more particularly in the cultural universe of the Imbangala (Jaga) and the Ambundu and Kimbundu populations who lived in the Portuguese regions of Angola and the Congo in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Following this, it investigates how the concept of quijila was structured, comprehended, and transformed, both in Africa, where it was basically a food prohibition, but whose applications and meanings varied; and in Brazil, to where it was transported in the 1700s, and where it transformed into a disease which attacked blacks, especially Africans of various origins, being framed as such in the Hippocratic-Galen universe characteristic of that time.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37878977
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We analyzed the conversational content and interactions of ten families, with the aim of understanding the learning experience of families in a scientific exhibition. As instrument of analysis, it was used a protocol com...We analyzed the conversational content and interactions of ten families, with the aim of understanding the learning experience of families in a scientific exhibition. As instrument of analysis, it was used a protocol combining theoretical and empirical aspects of interactivity. The results show that the families actively participated in the exhibition, observing and talking about the animals, asking questions, looking for answers and elaborating explanations based on scientific thinking. The adults acted as facilitators of learning and for this they were supported by information panels promoting the connection with previous experiences. Children show curiosity, emotions and behaviors that evidence their learning experiences and interest in scientific topics.
Ventura D, Paiva CHA, Agostoni C
… +2 more, Mannheimer V, Cueto M
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Sep · PMID 37878892
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This interview with Deisy Ventura, professor at the Faculty of Public Health of the Universidade de São Paulo, discusses the political dimension of the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. She has become a leading reference on t...This interview with Deisy Ventura, professor at the Faculty of Public Health of the Universidade de São Paulo, discusses the political dimension of the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. She has become a leading reference on the subject due to her extensive knowledge of international law, with a focus on health. In this interview, Deisy Ventura offers some reflections on global health and discusses the handling of the pandemic in Brazil and its human rights implications. According to Ventura, the Brazilian government had a systematic policy for the spread of the virus, and the pandemic should be treated as a matter of memory, truth, and justice.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37820170
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The article analyses Maria Palmira Macedo Tito de Morais' international nursing education as a Rockefeller Foundation fellow, during the Portuguese Estado Novo. It studies the local contexts influence on the internationa...The article analyses Maria Palmira Macedo Tito de Morais' international nursing education as a Rockefeller Foundation fellow, during the Portuguese Estado Novo. It studies the local contexts influence on the international philanthropic agency's actions, culminating in disputes with World Health Organization over the Portuguese nurse as staff. The sources are two dossiers on Maria Tito de Morais and her two fellowship cards collected at the Rockefeller Archive Center, a report of the Directorate-General of Health of Portugal and the journal A Tribuna, consulted at the Brazilian Digital Library. In conclusion, the Rockefeller Foundation's strategies, when funding Maria Tito de Morais' education aiming to hire her did not guarantee control over her professional trajectory.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37729239
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During the covid-19 pandemic, authorities, journalists, and the public used the term patient zero to refer to the first diagnosed patient. However, experts describe the term as imprecise because it equates the first infe...During the covid-19 pandemic, authorities, journalists, and the public used the term patient zero to refer to the first diagnosed patient. However, experts describe the term as imprecise because it equates the first infected patient with the first identified one. Although the term's inaccuracy, patients zero became relevant actors and sources of information during the pandemic. This was the case with the Peruvian patient zero, who had public media participation and opened his Instagram to establish a communication channel with the public. Despite knowing the term's inaccuracy, he felt responsible for the audience and sought to give his testimony. The Peruvian case shows how patients zero respond to the public interest and establish their agency through traditional and social media.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37729238
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The article explores the mutations in the practices of health professionals in the context of covid-19. It focuses on "the covid area" of a hospital in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, seeking to know the rearran...The article explores the mutations in the practices of health professionals in the context of covid-19. It focuses on "the covid area" of a hospital in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, seeking to know the rearrangement of hospital space and routines, and the ways of communicating death. In a short period of time, adjustments in professional practices and attempts at new routines and rituals are observed. In the doctor/patient relationship and in the way of communicating a death, both "exceptional" actions (which violate routines) and attempts to recover care techniques linked to the paradigm of humanized medicine are condensed.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 · PMID 37672430
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This article presents the plans for a lazaretto in the city of São Paulo in the mid-nineteenth century. It consists of the transcription and analysis of an opinion prepared by the physician Ernesto Benedicto Ottoni, addr...This article presents the plans for a lazaretto in the city of São Paulo in the mid-nineteenth century. It consists of the transcription and analysis of an opinion prepared by the physician Ernesto Benedicto Ottoni, addressed to the president of the province of São Paulo. The article includes an analysis of the plans for the building, bearing in mind the prevailing miasma theory; the contemporary conceptions of leprosy treatment, especially beliefs regarding the transmissibility of the disease; and the physician's idealization of the routines for the treatment, work, leisure, and recovery of patients.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Aug · PMID 37672429
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These notes address the proliferation of discourses with improvised, uninformed, apocalyptic and voluntarist approaches. They emphasize issues such as the widespread ignorance about the history of epidemics, and the inab...These notes address the proliferation of discourses with improvised, uninformed, apocalyptic and voluntarist approaches. They emphasize issues such as the widespread ignorance about the history of epidemics, and the inability to deal with the uncertainties that reign during pandemic times, as well as the announcements that this extraordinary health/sanitary event would produce a profound watershed in all walks of life and in all corners of the world. Finally, these notes seek to point out how the present can illuminate the study of the past - or, more personally, what I think I have learned as a historian in the times of the covid-19 pandemic.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2023 Aug · PMID 37672428
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This article addresses the Brazilian government's response to the covid-19 pandemic, particularly the public health surveillance and epidemic intelligence system. It traces the evolution of disease surveillance as a resp...This article addresses the Brazilian government's response to the covid-19 pandemic, particularly the public health surveillance and epidemic intelligence system. It traces the evolution of disease surveillance as a response to the International Health Regulations in the context of global health. Executive orders published in the official gazette, Diário Oficial da União, are analyzed, as well as the actors and groups formed to tackle the pandemic between January 2020 and March 2022. The founding assumption is that epidemic intelligence must be placed at the service of public health. Bureaucratic tension and changes in protagonism among different groups can be observed as these intelligence mechanisms were dismantled.